JP5465704B2 - Dust remover - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a dust removal device installed at a water intake of a branch waterway branched from a main waterway such as a river.

  Conventionally, in order to secure the amount of water used for power generation of a hydroelectric power plant, for example, a branch waterway is formed by branching from a main waterway such as a river. A dust removing device is installed on the downstream side of the branch water channel so that the dust flowing down from the upstream side of the main water channel does not flow into the water turbine of the hydroelectric power plant.

  The dust removing device includes a rotating body having a rotating shaft and a screen. As the rotating shaft, one that is disposed across the side walls on both sides forming the branch water channel is known (see Patent Document 1). The screen is composed of a net having a plurality of meshes. The screen is fixed concentrically with respect to the rotation shaft, and is rotatably supported on both side walls so that a part of the outer peripheral surface of the screen protrudes from the water surface. Further, a rake is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the screen protruding from the water surface in a substantially tangential direction and toward the side opposite to the water flow. The rotating body is rotated by the water flow, and the dust adhering to the screen is scraped up by the rake. By doing so, the garbage is prevented from flowing down to the water turbine of the hydroelectric power plant.

  In addition, there is a conventional dust removing device installed at the opening of the intake port of the branch channel. The dust removing device includes a screen composed of a plurality of rod-shaped members arranged in parallel in the vertical direction along the water flow direction of the branch water channel, an electric cart that reciprocally travels along the axial direction of the rod-shaped member, An electric truck equipped with a boom attached in a direction (vertical direction) perpendicular to the traveling direction and a rake fixed to the tip of the boom is well known (Patent Document 2). reference).

JP 2006-307518 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 08-253921

  However, in the case of the dust removing device of Patent Document 1, it is necessary to artificially remove the dust collected in the rake, which causes a problem that it must be constantly monitored.

  Further, in the case of the dust removing device of Patent Document 2, dust attached to the screen is removed by the electric carriage, so that power supply equipment for supplying power and rails for running the electric carriage are required. High cost. Moreover, since the configuration of the apparatus is large, there is a problem that the installation work takes days.

  Here, the rotating body described in Patent Document 1 is arranged at the water intake, and the dust adhering to the screen of the rotating body is removed with a rake of the electric cart described in Patent Document 2. However, since the rotating body described in Patent Document 1 is installed so that the screen straddles the water channel of the branch water channel, it is rotated by the water flow toward the downstream side of the branch water channel. Will do. Therefore, even if the trash of the electric carriage is used to remove the dust adhering to the screen of the rotating body, there is a high possibility that the dust will flow over the rotating body screen to the downstream side of the branch waterway, which will hinder hydropower generation. It is possible to come. That is, it is considered that the dust removal device according to the combination of Patent Documents 1 and 2 is not suitable as a dust removal device for a hydroelectric power plant.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a dust removing device that can be installed in a short period of time with a simple configuration without removing dust adhering to a screen artificially or mechanically.

The dust removing apparatus according to the present invention is installed at a water intake of a branch water channel branched from the main water channel at an upstream side from the weir provided in the main water channel, and the dust which is about to flow into the branch water channel from the water intake port in the filtration apparatus to flow down, a rotary shaft which is upright support, a rotating body having a tubular screen provided concentrically with respect to the rotary shaft, wherein the screen, smaller than the width of the intake port The outer diameter is an outer diameter that does not allow the dust to flow into the branch water channel side, and a part of the outer peripheral surface protrudes toward the main water channel side, and a plurality of blades are provided outside or inside the screen. Is disposed on the side wall on the upstream side of the water intake, and the water intake has a water shielding portion formed so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the screen located on the upstream side of the main water channel. It is provided .

According to such a configuration, the rotating body is disposed at the intake port of the branch water channel so that a part of the outer peripheral surface of the screen of the rotating body protrudes into the main water channel. It will start to rotate. In addition, the rotating body is rotated by the water flow of the main water channel, so that dust comes into contact with a part of the outer peripheral surface of the screen protruding into the main water channel and is received by the dam side. No stagnation at the water intake. Therefore, a constant amount of water for the hydroelectric power plant can be secured at all times. Further, even during a flood, the dust flowing down from the upstream does not stay at the intake port, and a constant amount of water can be taken from the intake port at all times. Further, since the rotating body receives the water flow of the main water channel with a plurality of blades, it becomes easy to rotate in one direction due to the water flow, and the dust can easily flow down to the dam side. That is, since no dust is collected at the intake port, only water is supplied from the main channel to the branch channel. Further, since the arc surface on the upstream side of the screen protruding toward the main channel is surrounded by the water shielding portion formed on the side wall on the upstream side of the water intake, only the outer peripheral surface of a part of the screen located on the downstream side is included. It comes to the main waterway. Therefore, the dust flowing down from the upstream side of the main water channel is received by the outer peripheral surface of a part of the screen located on the downstream side without coming into contact with the arc surface on the upstream side of the screen protruding to the main water channel side. Therefore, it becomes easier to flow down toward the dam side. That is, dust does not stay between the outer peripheral surface of a part of the screen located on the upstream side that protrudes toward the main channel and the side wall on the upstream side of the intake port, and a certain amount of water is secured in the branch channel. It becomes easy.

  Moreover, according to this invention, the structure which attaches a floating body to the said screen is also employable.

  According to such a configuration, the load applied to the screen is reduced by the floating body, and the load applied to the rotating shaft through the screen can be reduced. Accordingly, the screen can be rotated smoothly, and the water flow can be contributed to the rotational force without waste.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a scraper which is attached to the side wall of the lower stream side of the intake, a configuration having a scraper which is formed so as to extend in the tangential direction relative to the outer peripheral surface of the screen positioned on dam side It may be .

  According to this configuration, a part of the screen located on the dam side is caused to flow between the side wall on the downstream side of the water intake port while contacting the outer peripheral surface of a part of the screen located on the dam side. It is forcibly separated by a scraper formed so as to extend in a tangential direction with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the outer periphery, and flows down to the dam side. That is, the surface of the screen can always be kept clean by the scraper.

Further, as another embodiment of the filtration apparatus according to the present invention, dust is to a top portion of the outer peripheral surface of the screen that projects the water channel side can overflow, extending portion and inclined obliquely to the tip portion of the water-impervious portions formed The structure provided in the intake port made may be sufficient .

  According to such a configuration, the direction of the water flow from the upstream to the downstream is such that the extending portion forms a water flow over the screen and toward the dam side so that dust can be further prevented from staying at the intake. Become.

Further, as another aspect of the dust removing apparatus according to the present invention, the apparatus includes a gate that partially opens and closes so that dust that is received downstream by the screen does not stay in the dam on the downstream side of the screen. The structure provided in the water intake near the said dam may be sufficient .

According to such a configuration, since a part of the dam is opened by the gate, not only the overflow when the main water channel increases, but also the dust collected by the screen downstream and collected near the dam, A part can be opened and allowed to flow downstream. That is, the water area including the intake and the dam can be cleaned.

  According to the present invention, the cylindrical screen provided concentrically with the rotation axis is rotated at the intake of the branch waterway branched from the main waterway so that a part of the outer peripheral surface protrudes to the main waterway side. Since the rotating shaft of the body is supported upright, the rotating body can be rotated by the water flow in the main channel. That is, it is possible to prevent the dust from flowing into the branch water channel. In addition, by simply placing in the water channel a simple structure that rotates the cylinder by the shaft, the dust flowing down from the upstream side in the main water channel can flow down to the dam side, and the dust stays in the water intake. Can be prevented, and a constant amount of water in the branch waterway can always be secured.

The schematic plan view which shows the dust removal apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. The schematic perspective view which shows the state which fractured | ruptured a part of rotary body of FIG. (A) is an enlarged plan view which shows the state which receives a water flow in the groove-shaped part of a blade | wing, (b) is an enlarged plan view which shows the state which a blade | wing separates from a stopper by water flow. (A) is a schematic side view showing a state where the dust flows down from the portion of the dam from which the corner drop is removed, and (b) is a state where the dust flows down over the dam when the main water channel is increased by rainwater or the like. FIG. The schematic plan view which shows the dust removal apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The perspective view which shows the rotary body to which the floating body was attached. Schematic side view showing a dam provided with a gate and a state in which dust flows down from the part of the dam

  An embodiment of a dust removing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIGS. 2 and 6, a part of the blade is broken and a supporting portion of one blade provided inside is illustrated, but in practice, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, It is assumed that a plurality are arranged. 1 and 5, when viewed from the front, the right side of the drawing is the upstream side and the left side is the downstream side.

(First embodiment)
The dust removing apparatus according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. First, a water channel in which the dust removing apparatus A of the present invention is installed will be briefly described. As shown in FIG. 1, the water channel W includes a main water channel Wa and a branched water channel Wb. The main waterway Wa is provided with a dam 50 on the downstream side. The branch water channel Wb is formed to be branched from the main water channel Wa upstream of the dam 50 so as to supply a predetermined amount of water to a hydroelectric power plant (not shown). And the dust removal apparatus A is installed in the water intake 51 of the branch waterway Wb so that the dust X which flows down from the upstream of this waterway Wa may not flow into the branch waterway Wb. Further, the dam 50 has a groove 50a formed in the upper end portion along the thickness direction. Further, a plurality of corner drops 500,... For allowing the dust X to flow down are arranged in the groove 50a (see FIGS. 4A and 4B).

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the dust removing apparatus A includes a rotating body 1 having a rotating shaft 2, a screen 6, and a plurality of blades 10.

  The rotary shaft 2 is rotatably supported in an upright state by a bearing (bearing) B fixed to the bottom wall portion forming the branch water channel Wb at the center of the water intake 51 of the branch water channel Wb. The rotating shaft 2 has four (a plurality of) disk-shaped support plates 3a to 3d fixed thereto at a predetermined interval in the axial direction. The uppermost support plate 3a is larger in diameter than the lower three support plates 3b, 3c, 3d, and a plurality of support rods 4,. Further, through the peripheral end surfaces of the lower three support plates 3b, 3c, 3d, the other end sides of the supporting shafts 11,... Of the blades 10,. Are fixed so as to be positioned in the same straight line. Moreover, the rotating shaft 2, the support plates 3a to 3d, the support rods 4,... Are made of an aluminum material.

  The screen 6 is composed of a resin net having a plurality of meshes. Further, the screen 6 is provided concentrically with the rotating shaft 2 with the upper end portion of the inner peripheral surface 6 a supported by the support rods 4 of the rotating shaft 2. Further, the screen 6 has an outer diameter slightly smaller than the width dimension of the water intake 51 to be described later, and a part (substantially half) of the outer peripheral surface 6b is disposed so as to protrude toward the main water channel Wa. That is, the rotating body 1 is rotated in the clockwise direction by the water flow C of the main water channel Wa when a part (substantially half) of the outer peripheral surface 6b of the screen 6 projects into the main water channel Wa.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 1, in the top portion 60 b of the outer peripheral surface 6 b of the screen 6 protruding into the main water channel Wa, an upward flow Ca is generated toward the top portion 60 b in the arc surface 61 b located on the upstream side. In the circular arc surface 62b located on the downstream side, a downward flow Cb is generated from the top portion 60b toward the side wall 51a on the downstream side of the water intake 51. Then, the upward flow Ca and the downward flow Cb are continuous, thereby generating a water flow that causes the dust X to flow down to the dam 50 side.

  Further, the screen 6 is provided with a plurality of stoppers 7 at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface 6a. The stoppers 7,... Are for restricting the rotation of the blades 10,.

  The blade 10 includes a first bent piece 10a, a second bent piece 10b, and a support shaft 11. The first bent piece 10a and the second bent piece 10b are bent so as to have an L shape in plan view. For example, it is preferable to use ready-made angle steel. The support shaft 11 is inserted through the first bent piece 10a, one end of which penetrates the peripheral edge of the uppermost support plate 3a, and is fixed to the peripheral end surfaces of the plurality of lower support plates 3b, 3c, 3d. The other end side is inserted into the parts 5,... And is rotatably supported. The first bent piece 10 a is fixed only to the other end side of the support shaft 11 and is not on the entire support shaft 11. This is because, when the blades 10 are fixed to the entire support shaft 11, the water flow C is easily received and the rotational performance is improved, but the amount of water to the hydroelectric power plant is not secured. Further, as shown in FIG. 3A, the blade 10 is disposed so that the L-shaped groove-like portion 100 a faces the water flow C so as to receive the water flow C of the main waterway Wa. And the blade | wing 10 contact | abuts the stopper 7 with the contact part 12 of the blade | wing 10 because the L-shaped groove-shaped part 100a receives the water flow C, and the state is maintained. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), when the protruding portion 100 b on the opposite side of the groove-like portion 100 a of the blade 10 is rotated to a position where it receives the water flow C, the contact portion 12 of the blade 10 is moved to the stopper 7. And the water flow C passes through the screen 6. Such movement of the blade 10 allows the rotating body 1 to rotate clockwise with the water flow C. The blades 10 are arranged on the inner peripheral surface 6a of the screen 6, but may be arranged on the outer peripheral surface 6b of the screen 6. It is preferable to arrange on the peripheral surface 6a.

  Next, the usage mode will be described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b). The rotating body 1 is supported upright by being arranged at the intake 51 of the branch water channel Wb so that a part (substantially half) of the outer peripheral surface 6b of the screen 6 of the rotating body 1 protrudes into the main water channel Wa. The rotating shaft 2 is rotated in the clockwise direction by the water flow C of the main water channel Wa around the rotation shaft 2. Further, as the rotating body 1 is rotated by the water flow C of the main waterway Wa, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 1, the dust X comes into contact with the arc surface 61b on the upstream side of the screen 6 protruding into the main waterway Wa, As shown by the chain line in FIG. 1, the dust X is received on the dam 50 side, and the dust X flowing down does not stay in the intake 51 of the branch water channel Wb.

  And as shown to Fig.4 (a), the debris X which flowed down to the dam 50 side flows down from the site | part of the dam 50 where the uppermost corner drop 500 was extracted. Or as shown in FIG.4 (b), it will flow down over the dam 50 by the water increase by rainwater etc. As shown in FIG.

  Thus, according to 1st Embodiment, the rotary body 1 is installed in the water intake 51 of the branch waterway Wb so that the rotating shaft 2 may be supported upright, and the screen 6 is concentric with the rotating shaft 2. Since a part of the outer peripheral surface 6b of the screen 6 protrudes toward the main water channel Wa, the rotating body 1 is rotated by the water flow C of the main water channel Wa. Further, since the dust X abutting against the screen 6 is received by the dam 50 side, the dust X does not adhere to the screen 6 and the screen 6 is not manually or mechanically cleaned. That is, the dust X in the main water channel Wa can be naturally removed by the water flow C and the rotation of the rotating body 1. That is, by allowing the dust X in the main waterway Wa to flow down to the dam 50 side with the water flow C and the rotating body 1, a constant amount of water for the hydroelectric power plant can be secured at all times. In addition, fish such as cormorants and wild girls never get into the branch waterway Wb.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a dust removing device according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 denote the same or corresponding parts, and description of these parts is omitted. 1 is different from FIG. 1 in that a scraper 20, a water shielding part 21, and an extension part 22 are provided.

  The scraper 20 is formed on the downstream side wall 51a forming the water intake 51 so as to extend in a tangential direction with respect to the arcuate surface 62b on the downstream side of the screen 6 protruding toward the main water channel Wa side. Further, the side wall 51a on the downstream side of the water intake 51 is set back from the main water channel Wa so that the tip of the scraper 20 is positioned at the center of the rotary shaft 2. Then, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 5, the dust X received by the scraper 20 between the arc surface 62 b on the downstream side of the screen 6 and the side wall 51 a on the downstream side of the water intake 51 is shown in FIG. As indicated by the one-dot chain line in FIG.

  The water shielding portion 21 is formed on the side wall 51b on the upstream side of the water intake 51 so as to surround the arc surface 61b on the upstream side of the screen 6 protruding toward the main water channel Wa. If it demonstrates concretely, the water-impervious part 21 is provided with the 1st water-impervious part 21a and the 2nd water-impervious part 21b. The first water-impervious portion 21 a is formed to extend in an orthogonal direction from the end of the side wall 51 b on the upstream side of the water intake 51 to the water flow in the main water channel. The second impermeable portion 21b is formed to extend from the end of the first impermeable portion 21a to the dam 50 side. And the 1st water-impervious part 21a and the 2nd water-impervious part 21b form the right angle, and all are extended in the tangential direction with respect to the outer peripheral surface 6b of the screen 6. FIG. By doing so, the circular arc surface 61b located on the upstream side of the screen 6 is surrounded by the first water shielding portion 21a and the second water shielding portion 21b, and may be affected by the water flow C of the main waterway Wa. Disappear. On the other hand, only the arc surface 62b on the downstream side of the screen 6 protruding toward the main water channel Wa appears on the main water channel Wa. In other words, the circular arc surface 62b on the downstream side of the screen 6 is effectively used while the dust X is prevented from accumulating on the circular arc surface 61b on the upstream side of the screen 6. That is, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 5, the dust X flowing down from the upstream side of the main water channel Wa is received by the circular arc surface 62b on the downstream side of the screen 6 and shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. Moreover, it becomes easy to flow down toward the dam 50 side. That is, the dust X does not stay between the arc surface 62b on the downstream side of the screen 6 projecting toward the main water channel Wa side and the side wall 51a on the downstream side of the water intake 51, and a constant amount of water is always kept in the branch water channel Wb. It can be secured.

  The extending portion 22 is formed to be slightly inclined at the distal end portion of the water shielding portion 21 so that the dust X can flow over the top portion 60b of the outer peripheral surface 6b of the screen 6 protruding toward the main water channel Wa. Specifically, the circular arc surface 62b on the downstream side of the outer peripheral surface 6b of the screen 6 protrudes toward the main waterway Wa side so as to protrude toward the main waterway Wa side, and to protrude toward the main waterway Wa side. The tip of the water-impervious portion 21 is formed with a slight inclination. And by the extension part 22, the direction of the water flow C of the main water channel Wa from the upstream to the downstream becomes a water flow toward the dam 50 side beyond the top 60b of the outer peripheral surface 6b of the screen 6 protruding to the main water channel Wa side, It is possible to further prevent the dust X from staying at the intake 51.

  Next, the usage mode will be described. Since the rotating body 1 is arranged at the intake 51 of the branch water channel Wb so as to protrude to the main water channel Wa slightly larger than half of the outer peripheral surface 6b of the screen 6 of the rotating body 1, the rotating body 1 is supported upright. 2 is rotated in the clockwise direction by the water flow C of the main water channel Wa, with the rotation center at 2. Further, since the rotating body 1 is rotated by the water flow C of the main water channel Wa, the dust X comes into contact with only the arc surface 62b located on the downstream side of the screen 6 and is received by the dam 50 side. The dust X to be collected does not stay in the water intake 51 of the branch water channel Wb. Therefore, a constant amount of water in the branch water channel Wb can always be secured.

  Thus, according to 2nd Embodiment, since the circular arc surface 61b located in the upstream of the screen 6 is enclosed by the water-impervious part 21 formed in the side wall 51b of the upstream of the water intake 51, the dust X The circular arc surface 62b located on the downstream side of the screen 6 contributing to the flow down is effectively utilized. Further, the dust X abutting against the circular arc surface 62b located on the downstream side of the screen 6 is forcibly separated by the scraper 20 formed on the side wall 51a on the downstream side of the water intake 51, so that the dust X becomes the dam 50. It becomes easier to flow down to the side. Further, the extension portion 22 formed at the tip of the water-impervious portion 21 changes the water flow C of the main water channel Wa from the upstream side to the downstream side into a flow that flows down to the dam 50 side beyond the screen 6. Therefore, the flow of the dust X to the dam 50 side is promoted. Furthermore, during a flood, dust flowing down from the upstream does not collect in the water intake 51, and a constant amount of water can always be taken from the water intake 51.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various change can be made.

  For example, in the case of the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, an annular floating body 30 may be fixed to the lower end portion of the screen 6. In this case, the load applied to the screen 6 is reduced by the floating body 30, and the load applied to the rotary shaft 2 through the screen 6 can be reduced. Therefore, the rotating body 1 can be smoothly rotated, and the water flow can be converted into a rotational force without waste. Further, the present invention is not limited to the annular floating body 30, and a plurality of rod-shaped floating bodies are arranged in the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface 6 a or the outer peripheral surface 6 b of the screen 6 so as to secure the amount of water for the hydroelectric power plant. May be.

  Moreover, in the case of the said embodiment, although the dam 50 was made to flow over and it was made to flow down further downstream, the side edge of the dam 50 adjacent to the side wall which forms a part of dam 50, ie, this waterway Wa, was carried out. As shown in FIG. 7, the portion 50a may be provided with a gate 40 for opening and closing the upper portion of the side end portion 50a. In this case, the upper end of the dam 50 is opened by the gate 40, so that the dust X accumulated in the dam 50 can flow down to the downstream side as necessary. That is, the water area including the intake 51 and the dam 50 can be cleaned.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Rotating body, 2 ... Rotating shaft, 6 ... Screen, 10 ... Blade, 20 ... Scraper, 21 ... Water shielding part, 22 ... Extension part, 30 ... Floating body, 40 ... Gate, 50 ... Dam, 51 ... Water intake 51a: Side wall on the downstream side of the water intake 51, 51b: Side wall on the upstream side of the water intake 51, 61b: Arc surface on the upstream side of the screen 6, 62b: Arc surface on the downstream side of the screen 6, Wa: Main water channel, Wb ... Branch waterway, X ... Waste

Claims (5)

In the dust removal device installed at the intake of the branch waterway branched from the main waterway upstream from the dam provided in the main waterway, and flowing down the dust to flow into the branch waterway from the water intake to the dam side,
A rotating body having a rotating shaft supported upright and a cylindrical screen provided concentrically with the rotating shaft;
Wherein the screen, than the width of the intake a small Sai outer diameter has an outer diameter which does not flow into the dust to the branch water passage side, a portion of the outer peripheral surface is arranged to project the water channel side,
A plurality of blades are arranged outside or inside the screen,
A water-impervious portion formed on a side wall on the upstream side of the intake port, the water-impervious portion formed so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the screen located on the upstream side of the main water channel. Dust removal device characterized. The dust removing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a floating body is attached to the screen. A scraper attached to the side wall of the lower stream side of the intake, or claim 1 and having a scraper which is formed so as to extend in the tangential direction relative to the outer peripheral surface of the screen positioned on dam side 2. A dust removing device according to 2. Dust so that the top portion of the outer peripheral surface of the screen that projects the water channel side can overflow, claims, characterized in that provided in the intake port extending part and inclined obliquely to the tip portion of the water-impervious portions are formed Item 4. The dust removing device according to any one of Items 1 to 3 . The dust collected downstream by the screen is provided at a water intake near the dam having a gate that opens and closes part of the dam so as not to stay in the dam on the downstream side of the screen. The dust removing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 .

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