JP5487927B2 - Production monitoring system for middle water and tap water - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a monitoring system for collecting middle fresh water and / or clean water by collecting environmental fresh water such as rainwater.

  Various systems for collecting and purifying rainwater have been developed.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a rainwater utilization system that purifies by connecting a rainwater extraction path in the middle of a water discharge path that collects and discharges rainwater that falls in a wide area such as a park. .

  Patent Document 2 discloses a rainwater recovery processing device that collects rainwater that has fallen on a roof or the like, drops it into a lower water storage tank, and purifies it.

  Further, Patent Document 3 discloses a composite device that collects rainwater from each house and supplies waste water generated in the area in combination with middle water and hot water heated there.

  Patent Document 4 discloses an apparatus that collects and purifies rainwater, rivers, ponds, domestic wastewater, and the like to produce intermediate water or clean water.

  These devices are provided with a water level sensor, but are not particularly provided with a production monitoring system.

JP-A-2005-350867 JP-A-10-216734 JP 2002-206765 A JP-A-9-23496

  By the way, in an apparatus for producing clean water or middle water from environmental fresh water such as rainwater, organisms such as algae and microorganisms are likely to propagate in pipes and storage tanks, which causes a problem in the production of fresh water and middle water. On the other hand, reverse osmosis membranes are used for desalination of seawater. The present inventors are considering using this reverse osmosis membrane for purification of rainwater and the like. In seawater desalination, the electrical conductivity changes greatly when the membrane breaks, and this can be easily detected. However, since rainwater originally has low electrical conductivity, even if this is measured, the change in electrical conductivity due to breakage is small, and detection is not easy.

  As a result of various studies to develop means capable of easily and reliably detecting these troubles in the use of environmental fresh water such as rainwater, the present inventors have focused on the amount of sterilant used. In other words, residual sterilizing agents such as sodium hypochlorite are used for treated water in order to sterilize and maintain water quality, but this sterilizing agent is used when water is highly contaminated. Increase. Therefore, the amount of the sterilant used is traced, and it is determined that an abnormality has occurred when a certain level is exceeded.

The present invention has been made based on such an idea, and in a system for collecting environmental fresh water to produce intermediate water and / or clean water, means for measuring the amount of treated water per unit time ; means for measuring the amount per unit time of the chlorine sterilization agent added in sterilization process, means for measuring the residual chlorine concentration in the treated water in the treated water storage tank is provided, the unit amount of treated water by measuring these The present invention provides a production monitoring system for middle water and / or clean water that determines the amount of use of a chlorinated sterilant and determines that an abnormal situation has occurred when the amount of use exceeds a certain value.

  By this invention, generation | occurrence | production of the abnormal condition at the time of manufacturing clean water or middle water from environmental fresh water, such as rainwater, can be detected reliably, and clean water or middle water can be manufactured stably.

It is a systematic diagram which shows the manufacture flow of the clean water and middle water explaining an example of the monitoring system of this invention. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the usage-amount of the chlorine-type sterilizer per unit treated water amount, and a residual chlorine concentration about normal water and dirty water. It is a systematic diagram which shows the flow which collects and purifies rainwater.

  The environmental fresh water to which the present invention is applied is rain water, river water, lake water, and the like.

  Rainwater used in the present invention is collected from the roof of each door, the road surface, and the like. The water collecting means is not particularly limited, and rainwater that falls on the roof of each door or road surface may be collected in a rainwater storage tank using a drainage channel or piping, and a relay storage tank may be provided between them. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, a rainwater tank may be provided in each door, and a part of the rainwater tank may be used for irrigation in each door, and the remainder may be collected.

  The collected rainwater may produce only clean water or only middle water. Methods for producing clean water and medium water are described in the aforementioned patent documents.

  When producing both middle water and clean water from the collected rainwater, it is necessary to select an optimum method according to the influent water quality and the required treated water quality. Usually, the purpose of using middle water is toilet water and irrigation water, so the required water quality is not so severe. To give a typical example in Japan, pH value: 5.8 to 8.6, odor: not abnormal, appearance: almost colorless and transparent, Escherichia coli: not detected, turbidity: 2 degrees or less (however, toilet flush water There is no standard for turbidity.) Residual chlorine standard. Free residual chlorine remains at 0.1 ppm (0.4 ppm for bound residual chlorine).

  When rainwater is used as inflow water, filtration with a microfilter (MF) membrane and chlorine sterilization can satisfy the required water quality in most cases. In addition, aggregation treatment, precipitation treatment, pH adjustment, ion exchange, reverse osmosis membrane method, ozone treatment method, ultraviolet irradiation method, activated carbon adsorption method and the like are used in appropriate combination.

  Although the method of the said patent document may be used for the method of manufacturing clean water from middle water, a reverse osmosis membrane process can also be utilized for manufacture of clean water. At that time, the ratio of middle water and drinking water is determined according to local requirements.

The reverse osmosis membrane device may be a known device, and the operating conditions are the quality of the raw water of the reverse osmosis method, the required water quality of treated water as the treated water, and the concentrated water in the reverse osmosis membrane treatment that is the basis of the present invention. Can be determined from the satisfactory water quality conditions. Depending on the type of membrane used in the case of seawater desalination, the recovery rate is about 60% and the concentration rate is about 2.5 times. The reason why the recovery rate and concentration rate are limited is that when the concentration rate is further increased, the concentration of the stock solution increases, the normal osmotic pressure increases, and the pressurization pressure required for reverse osmosis membrane treatment increases. However, this is due to the fact that the power efficiency is increased, the concentration of the stock solution is increased, and there is a concern about the adhesion of the membrane occluding substance to the membrane surface. However, when raw water obtained from rainwater treatment is used as raw water, the salt concentration is very small, so operation at a very high recovery rate and downsizing of the equipment are possible compared to seawater desalination. become. For example, for this reason, there is an advantage that a reverse osmosis membrane of a kind that can remove chemical components such as bacteria, viruses, and agricultural chemicals can be used instead of a small salt rejection rate.

  The permeated liquid of the reverse osmosis membrane is sterilized by adding chlorine or the like, and additionally supplied with minerals if necessary, as drinking water.

On the other hand, the concentrate is returned to the middle water line. The return destination may be any of the upstream side of the intermediate water treatment, the intermediate water treatment, the intermediate water storage tank after the intermediate water treatment, or the intermediate water supply line from the intermediate water storage tank. The return to the upstream side of the intermediate water treatment has the advantage that the water quality is completely satisfactory as the intermediate water because it is diluted even if the concentration rate is very high and further subjected to the intermediate water treatment. It can also be returned to the middle water treatment stage, especially upstream of the sterilization treatment. Even in this case, there is a merit that the dilution effect by other medium water is obtained, and the influence of the returned concentrated liquid on the quality of the medium water is negligible. There is no need to increase the size of the processing apparatus upstream from the sterilization process because it does not affect the advantage of reliably supplying high-volume water and the upstream process from the sterilization process. The return to the middle water storage tank after the middle water treatment is not particularly problematic because it is diluted with a large amount of middle water. In this case, since the return to the downstream side of the sterilizer, as the residual chlorine concentration in the medium water貯層becomes a predetermined value, adjusting the addition amount of the chlorine-based sterilization agent in the sterilization apparatus do it. As a method for adjusting the amount of the chlorine-based sterilization agents, water quality, when the amount of water is stable, can be determined empirically, further residual chlorine concentration measuring device provided in the gray water storage tank, You can also adjust from that value. If necessary, a chlorine-based sterilant can be introduced into the middle water storage tank. On the other hand, since returning to the middle water supply line may locally increase the concentration, quality control of the concentrate may be required.

In the present invention, such a system for producing a medium water and / or water supply, means for measuring the amount of treated water per unit time, per unit time of the chlorine sterilization agent added in sterilization step Means for measuring the addition amount and means for measuring the residual chlorine concentration of the treated water in the treated water storage tank are provided.

  As a means for measuring the amount of treated water, for example, a flow meter (flow meter) can be provided in the middle of a pipe to obtain a flow rate per unit time, or a water level meter (liquid level meter) can measure a decrease in water level. . The measurement position may be anywhere on the processing line.

In sterilization process, it means for measuring the amount of chlorine-based sterilization agent added also determine the amount of decrease in the liquid level per unit time water gauge in the tank of the chlorine-based sterilization agent (level gauge) provided or, middle anemometer supply line from the tank of the chlorine sterilization agent asking for flow rate per unit time provided (flowmeter), or the flow rate and operating time of the pump of the supply pump chlorine sterilization agent or obtained from the news it can be used of a type capable of recording the integrated supply amount to the supply pump itself chlorine sterilization agent.

  The means for measuring the residual chlorine concentration in the treated water storage tank, i.e., the water supply tank or the middle water storage tank, may be provided with a residual chlorine concentration meter in the treated water storage tank.

The amount of chlorine sterilization agent per unit amount of water treated, since the residual chlorine concentration in the treated water is so adjusted as to be the set value, by the above-described measurement, per unit of treated water chlorine sterilization agent The amount used can be determined.

Then, it is to determine that an abnormal situation has occurred when the amount of the chlorine-based sterilization agent per unit amount of treated water exceeds a predetermined value. This constant value measures the fluctuation range of the usage amount during normal operation, and for example, determines that an abnormal situation has occurred when the usage amount exceeds, for example, 1.5 times the fluctuation range during normal operation. In the present invention, the monitoring system automatically determines that an abnormal situation has occurred.

The determination of the occurrence of the abnormal state, not only the amount of the chlorine-based sterilization agents, electric conductivity and pH be measured, they can also be comprehensively determined. For example, if the electrical conductivity also increases, it is determined that the reverse osmosis membrane is broken, and if the electrical conductivity does not change, it is determined that there is a high probability of biogeneration. The pH does not vary greatly during the treatment process. If this value fluctuates greatly, it is determined that there is a high possibility of abnormality in the pH adjusting device including the pH measuring device or the pH adjusting drug adding device.

  And when these abnormal situations occur, it copes according to each. In the case of a reverse osmosis membrane break, the membrane is exchanged. In order to cope with these, it is preferable to provide a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane devices and treated water systems so that they can be switched.

  A monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The rainwater collected as shown in FIG. 3 is sent from the storage tank to the middle water treatment apparatus, where the treatment is performed in an optimum manner according to the inflow water quality and the required treatment water quality. When rainwater is used as inflow water, filtration with an MF membrane and chlorine sterilization can satisfy the required water quality in most cases. In addition, aggregation treatment, precipitation treatment, pH adjustment, ion exchange, reverse osmosis membrane method, ozone treatment method, ultraviolet irradiation method, activated carbon adsorption method and the like are used in appropriate combination.

The water that has been treated with middle water was added to the sodium hypochlorite solution tank connected to the sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution tank in the middle of the pipe. Measure with Middle water to which sodium hypochlorite has been added is placed in a middle water storage tank, where the residual chlorine concentration is measured with a residual chlorine concentration meter, and the amount used is controlled so that the residual chlorine concentration becomes constant. In this way, the amount of sodium hypochlorite used per unit amount of intermediate water in the intermediate water storage tank is determined. The amount of sodium hypochlorite used per unit treated water amount is different between normal water and dirty water, as schematically shown in FIG. Therefore, this amount of use is obtained continuously or intermittently to obtain a fluctuation range, and it is determined that an abnormal situation has occurred when the amount of use per unit treated water amount exceeds, for example, 1.5 times the normal amount. . Sodium hypochlorite demand per unit processing water quantity, water quality, since but also depended on water temperature, amount of time normally grasped continuously, in particular, in a short period of several weeks from minutes What is necessary is just to detect the big change of.

  In Fig. 1, drinking water treatment is carried out by extracting a part from the middle water storage tank. Similarly, the amount of sodium hypochlorite added and residual chlorine concentration are measured, and the occurrence of abnormal situations is similarly detected. to decide.

  Since the system of the present invention can reliably detect the occurrence of an abnormal situation in the production of clean water or middle water from environmental fresh water, it can be used for their production.

Claims (4)

A system for producing in water and / or clean water environment freshwater and water collecting means for measuring the amount of treated water per unit time, the amount per unit time of the chlorine sterilization agent added in sterilization step means for measuring, treated water is provided with means for measuring the residual chlorine concentration in the treated water in the reservoir, they determine the amount of chlorine-based sterilizing agents have enough skilled unit amount of treated water by measuring, the amount used is constant A production monitoring system for middle water and / or clean water that determines that an abnormal situation has occurred when the value is exceeded . The monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the environmental fresh water is rainwater . Furthermore, the monitoring system of Claim 1 which also measures the electrical conductivity of environmental freshwater, middle water, and / or clean water . Furthermore, the monitoring system of Claim 1 or 3 which also measures the pH of environmental freshwater, middle water, and / or clean water .

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