JP5489433B2 - Steel structure joining method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a steel structure used when, for example, the joining of a backing plate is performed from one side when a backing plate is reinforced by reinforcing the outside surface of a steel structure having a box-shaped cross section such as a chord material of a truss beam. The present invention relates to an object joining method and apparatus.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the truss structure beam used for a bridge or the like is composed of an upper chord material 1, a lower chord material 2, and an abdominal material 3.

  In recent years, the earthquake resistance of buildings such as bridges has been a problem, and it is required to have a structure for improving the earthquake resistance, and reinforcement work has been performed for that purpose.

  Among the truss beams as shown in FIG. 7, the lower chord member 2 is shown in FIG. 8 which is an enlarged view of a portion C in FIG. 7 and in FIG. 9 which is a DD cross section in FIG. The material 2 has a box shape in cross section, and as shown in the figure, a plate 4 is provided outside each of the four surfaces, and the plate 4 is attached with a number of bolts (mainly high strength bolts) 5. Reinforcing has been done.

  When the box-shaped string material 2 is reinforced, if there is a space for an operator to enter the box-shaped string material 2, the string is matched to the bolt insertion hole provided in advance in the backing plate 4 in the field. After drilling a bolt insertion hole in the material 2, an operator inside the box passes the bolt 5 through the bolt insertion hole of the string material 2 and the bolt insertion hole of the backing plate 4 in this order, and hits the tip of the bolt 5. When protruding to the outside of the plate 4, another worker outside the plate 4 can reinforce the bolt 5 by screwing a nut onto the bolt 5 via a washer and bolting the plate 4. It is.

  However, in a narrow situation where a person cannot enter the inside of the string material 2, the bolt 5 cannot be passed outwardly from the inside of the box. When the reinforcement is performed, the bolt 5 is inserted into the bolt insertion hole of the backing plate 4 and the bolt insertion hole of the string member 2 from the outside, and the head of the bolt is locked inside the string member 2. The single side construction is such that the nut is tightened outside the plate 4.

  The following one-side bolts have been proposed as bolts used for such single-sided reinforcement work.

  FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b) show a one-side construction method using an example of a conventional one-side bolt. At the joint between a steel column 6 made of a square pipe-shaped steel pipe and a steel beam 7 made of H-shaped steel, A hole 8 is provided. The locking bolt 9 is configured such that the bolt head 10 has a flat shape corresponding to the long hole 8 so that it can be inserted into the long hole 8. After the locking bolt 9 is inserted into the steel column 6 through the bolt head 10 through the long hole 8 from the steel beam 7 side, the locking bolt 9 is rotated 90 degrees to provide the long hole 8. The bolt head 10 is locked to the joint portion, and then the nut 11 is screwed into the locking bolt 9 from the steel beam 7 side and tightened, whereby the joint portion of the steel column 6 and the steel beam 7 is bolted. It is made to stop (for example, refer patent document 1).

  FIGS. 11A and 11B show a conventional one-side construction method using another one-side bolt. A core pin (bolt including a shaft portion 13b having a head portion 13a, a screw portion 13c, a reduced diameter portion 13d, and a pin tail 13e. Member) 13, a valve sleeve (expansion sleeve) 14 fitted to the core pin 13, a grip sleeve 15, a shear washer 16 and a bearing washer 17, and a nut member 18 screwed into the screw portion 13 c of the core pin 13. The constructed one-side bolt 12 is used. As shown in FIG. 11 (a), when reinforcing another plate member 21 against the plate member 20 attached along the concrete 19, first, the hole 22 formed in the plate members 20 and 21. From the outside of the plate member 21, the one-side bolt 12 is inserted into the hole portion 23 formed in the concrete 19 with the head portion 13 a first. Next, as shown in FIG. 11B, the nut member 18 is fastened from the outside using a dedicated electric tool. As a result, the core pin 13 is pulled up, and the valve sleeve 14 is deformed in the hole 23 having the enlarged diameter, and the valve head 14a is formed on the back surface side of the plate member 20 on the back side. Since the shearing washer 16 is sheared and the axial force introduction is started, the pin tail 13e is broken from the reduced diameter portion 13d when the predetermined axial force is generated, and the fastening is completed. (See, for example, Patent Document 2).

JP-A-5-287807 Japanese Patent No. 3840474

  However, in the case of a one-side bolt used for one-side construction as shown in FIG. 10, the locking bolt 9 is not a high-strength bolt, and the tightening force is weak, and the steel structure as shown in FIGS. It cannot be applied as a bolt used for reinforcing a string material as an object.

  In addition, it is necessary to open a long hole in the joint, and it takes a lot of man-hours to open the long hole, and because it is a special thing that flatten the bolt head of the locking bolt, the production cost increases, There are problems such as.

  On the other hand, the one-side bolt provided with the valve sleeve 14 shown in FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b) is a special bolt. At the time of fastening, the valve sleeve 14 is deformed to form the valve head 14a. Therefore, it is not possible to take the procedure of 100% final fastening after the primary fastening. It will be. For this reason, when the new plate member 21 is tightened to the old plate member 20, if there is a gap between the two plate members 20, 21, one of the two is fixed when tightening at two places at a certain interval. After tightening, there is a problem that a predetermined axial force that the one tightening portion is loosened when the other is finally tightened, and it is necessary to perform processing so that the skins of the plate members are matched. Further, when a hole is formed in the old plate member 20 from the outside by a drill or the like at the site, a burr may remain on the back surface side of the plate member 20, and when this burr remains, the valve sleeve 14 is deformed and the valve When the head 14 a is formed and the valve head 14 a is locked to the back surface of the plate member 20, the head 14 a cannot be brought into close contact due to burrs, a predetermined axial force does not enter, and an electric motor dedicated for fastening the nut member 18 is used. Since a tool is required and the valve sleeve 14 is deformed, it takes a long time to complete the fastening, and the valve sleeve 14 is deformed to form the valve head 14a. Since the bare metal is exposed, there are problems such as rust prevention.

  Therefore, the present invention can easily insert the bolt from the inside to the outside of the joint portion without using a special bolt in order to eliminate various problems such as using the conventionally proposed one-side bolt. We provide a bolt device for single-sided construction of steel structure joints using bolts that can be tightened in the order of primary tightening → final tightening and that are not affected by burrs and that can shorten the tightening time. It is something to try.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention provides a bolt insertion hole for bolt joining in a joint portion where a steel plate material is overlapped and joined to a plate material constituting a steel structure, and the bolt insertion hole is provided. An elliptical plate shape having a width dimension that can be passed and a length dimension that is larger than the inner diameter of the bolt insertion hole, and a hole portion through which the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt passes in the center portion and a shaft portion of the high-strength bolt are provided. A plate-shaped hole having a hole communicating with an obliquely passing hole so that the posture can be changed between a state perpendicular to the shaft part of the high-strength bolt and an oblique state . Using a washer, the head of the high-strength bolt and the washer fitted into the high-strength bolt and in an inclined state are passed from one side of the plate joint to the other side of the plate joint through the bolt insertion hole. After that, pull the high-strength bolt to one side of the plate joint. The plate-shaped washer and the perpendicular state with respect to high-strength bolts, so as to lock the high-strength bolts the head through said seat gold on the other side of the plate member joint, the shaft of high-strength bolts A method for joining steel structures in which nuts are fastened and joined, and a bolt insertion hole for bolt joining is provided in a joint where steel plate materials are overlapped and joined to plate materials constituting the steel structure. A high-strength bolt having a head smaller than the inner diameter of the bolt insertion hole, a width dimension capable of passing through the bolt insertion hole, and an elliptical plate shape having a length dimension larger than the inner diameter of the bolt insertion hole. And a hole in which the hole portion through which the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt is passed and the hole portion through which the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt is passed obliquely are connected to the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt. So that the posture can be changed between a right angle state and an oblique state. And when the washer is inclined with respect to the high strength bolt, the bolt insertion hole can pass through the bolt insertion hole and at a right angle to the high strength bolt. The head of the high strength bolt and the washer fitted to the high strength bolt are inserted into the bolt insertion hole from one side of the plate joint and are positioned on the other side of the plate joint. Thus, the steel structure joining apparatus is characterized in that the head of the high-strength bolt is locked to the other surface side of the plate material joining portion via a plate-shaped washer.

In the above apparatus, the washer so as engaged between the back side of the head and sheet material engaged thereby with high-strength bolt shank of high strength bolts, the bolt insertion hole of the plate member joint the washer The guide member for positioning is provided.

  In the above configuration, a ring-shaped guide member having an outer diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the bolt insertion hole and an inner diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt is inserted into the bolt insertion. It is set as the structure made to fit in the axial part of the high strength volt | bolt inserted in the hole, and to be provided in a bolt insertion hole.

According to the present invention, the following excellent effects are exhibited.
(1) A bolt insertion hole for bolt connection is provided in a joint portion where a steel plate is overlapped and joined to a plate material constituting a steel structure, and the width dimension through which the bolt insertion hole can pass and the bolt insertion hole The hole portion through which the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt passes diagonally and the hole portion through which the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt passes obliquely are communicated with each other. A plate-shaped washer that has a hole and is capable of changing the posture between a state perpendicular to the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt and an oblique state. And the washer fitted to the high-strength bolt and in an oblique state are positioned from one side of the plate joint to the other side of the plate joint through the bolt insertion hole, and then the high strength the high strength bolt the shaped washer while pulling the bolt to one side of the plate member joint Steel that is in a state of being perpendicular to the steel plate so that the head portion of the high-strength bolt is locked to the other side surface of the plate material joint portion through the washer, and the nut portion is fastened to the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt to be joined. Since it is as a joining method and apparatus for a structure, a general-purpose high-strength bolt can be easily inserted from one surface side and can be locked to the other surface side of the plate material joining portion that joins the heads of the high-strength bolt. Thereby, the joining part of board | plate materials can be joined easily and firmly, without using a special volt | bolt.
(2) According to the above (1), the procedure of performing the primary fastening after the primary fastening at the time of joining becomes possible, and even if there is some skin clearance between the plate materials, the fastening can be sufficiently performed.
(3) Since the head of the bolt can be locked to the other side of the plate joint by simply passing the washer with the bolt through the bolt insertion hole with an angled washer, the bolt can be set with a one-touch operation, and the nut from one side Therefore, the fastening operation can be performed in a short time.
(4) When a bolt insertion hole is provided in the plate material, even if a burr occurs on the back side of the plate material, the burr is inserted into the bolt insertion hole when the bolt head is locked to the back side of the plate material via the plate-shaped washer. It can be pushed between the bolt and the bolt and is not affected by burrs.
(5) By providing the washer with a guide member for positioning the washer in the bolt insertion hole of the plate material joint, the guide member is provided in the bolt insertion hole when the washer is placed along the plate material. Therefore, the high-strength bolt inserted through the washer can be reliably positioned in the bolt insertion hole.
(6) A ring-shaped guide member having an outer diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the bolt insertion hole and an inner diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the shaft portion of the high strength bolt is inserted into the bolt insertion hole. The high strength bolt can be easily positioned by being fitted to the shaft portion of the high strength bolt and provided in the bolt insertion hole.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 show an embodiment of the present invention. The plate material on each surface of the chord member 2 as a steel structure to be reinforced with the truss beam shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is made of steel. Similar to the case where the plate 4 as the plate material is applied and reinforced by bolting, the steel plate 4 is stacked on the plate material on each surface of the box-shaped string material 2 as the steel structure. The case where it arrange | positions and it uses it for the thing which made the bolt 4 penetrate the board | plate material of the string material 2 from one side used as the surface side, and fastened the nut is demonstrated.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the outer surface of the plate member 2a of each surface of the string member 2 as a steel structure having a box-shaped cross section and a size incapable of entering the internal space is provided for reinforcement. Inserting bolts for fastening with bolts and nuts to plate member joints at a plurality of locations where the plate members (batting plates) 4 are brought into contact with each other so as to overlap each other and the plate member 4 serving as the backing plate and the plate member 2a serving as the reinforcing material are joined. The hole 24 is provided in such a size that the head of the bolt used for fastening can be inserted, and the head of the bolt is passed through the bolt head from one side that becomes the surface using the bolt insertion hole 24. The nut is fastened on the front surface side by engaging with the back surface side which is the opposite surface through the washer.

  For this purpose, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, a high-strength bolt 25 having a head 25 a having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the bolt insertion hole 24, and the high-strength bolt 25 after passing through the bolt insertion hole 24. Has a special hole-shaped washer 26 that can be hooked and locked to the plate material 2a at the plate material joint at the back side of the bolt insertion hole 24, and the washer 26 is locked to the back side of the bolt insertion hole 24. When the high-strength bolt 25 is inserted into the bolt insertion hole 24 from one side, the washer 27 for tightening and the nut 28 can be attached to the high-strength bolt 25 from one side. .

  More specifically, the special hole-shaped washer 26 has a required thickness dimension so as to have sufficient strength, and a hole portion through which the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt 25 passes in the center portion and the high-strength bolt 25. It has a hole 26a that communicates with a hole that passes through the shaft at an angle, and the posture of the washer 26 is freely changed between a right angle state and an oblique state with respect to the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt 25. It is made to be able to.

  Further, the washer 26 has an elliptical shape having a width dimension capable of passing through the bolt insertion hole 24 and a length dimension larger than the inner diameter of the bolt insertion hole 24.

  When performing single-sided construction in which the plate material joining portion to be joined by superimposing the plate material 4 on the plate material 2a is joined from one side which is one side, first, a special hole shape is formed in the shaft portion of the high strength bolt 25 used for joining. After passing through the hole 26a of the washer 26, the washer 26 is inclined to the shaft portion of the high strength bolt 25 as shown in FIG.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the plate member 4 and the plate member 2 a are penetrated from the outside of the plate member 4 with the head 25 a of the high-strength bolt 25 inside, that is, the tip side, with the washer 26 inclined. It passes through the bolt insertion hole 24. At this time, the washer 26 has a width dimension equal to or slightly smaller than the inner diameter dimension of the bolt insertion hole 24, and the head 25 a of the high strength bolt 25 has an outer diameter smaller than that of the bolt insertion hole 24. Because of the dimensions, the high-strength bolt 25 and the washer 26 can pass through the bolt insertion hole 24 without hindrance.

  When the head portion 25a of the high-strength bolt 25 and the washer 26 inclined are passed through the bolt insertion hole 24 from the outside of the plate material 4 to the inside of the plate material 2a, the high-strength bolt 25 protruding to the outside of the plate material 4 While moving the high-strength bolt 25 while gripping the shaft portion of the metal plate, the washer 26, which has entered the inside of the plate material 2a in an oblique state, is displaced along the plate material 2a (in a vertical state in FIG. 5). To.

  In this way, when the washer 26 is placed along the inner surface of the plate member 2a and locked to the back side of the bolt insertion hole 24, that is, the bolt insertion hole 24 portion of the plate member 2a, the high strength bolt 25 is moved to the outside of the plate member 2a. Since the washer 27 is fitted to the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt 25 from one side that is the outside of the plate member 4, the nut 28 is secured to the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt 25. And the nut 28 is tightened. Thereby, the plate material 4 can be joined to the plate material 2 a at the position of the bolt insertion hole 24.

  For each bolt insertion hole 24, as shown in FIG. 5, the head 25 a and the washer 26 of the high-strength bolt 25 are sequentially passed from the one side which is the outside of the plate 4 to the inside of the plate 2 a, and then the washer 26. Is engaged with the back surface side of the plate material 2a, and in this state, the washer 27 and the nut 28 are attached to the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt 25 by the operation from the one surface side. Can be easily joined by operation.

  In the present invention, as described above, the head of the high-strength bolt 25 can be easily attached to the inner side of the plate member 2a by passing the washer 26 to the opposite side in an inclined state from one side and locking the washer 26. Since the bolt insertion hole 24 is formed in the plate material 2a from the direction of the plate material 4 with a drill or the like in the field, a burr is generated on the back surface side of the plate material 2a. However, since the burr can be pressed by the washer 26 and absorbed by the gap between the bolt insertion hole 24 and the high-strength bolt 25, the risk of hindering fastening can be reduced. Further, a washer 27 that is passed through the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt 25 is brought into contact with the outer surface of the plate member 4 on one side, and the bolt insertion hole 24 is closed by being fastened with a nut 28, thereby airtight. Can keep sex.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, as a reinforcement of a box-shaped string material 2 as a steel structure, a backing plate 4 is provided on one surface of the string material 2. However, the steel structure joints can be applied to all places where one side is installed where the other side cannot be reached, especially with large diameter holes. It can be applied to the joint, and when the washer 26 is placed at a right angle with respect to the high strength bolt 25, the washer 26 is fitted into the shaft portion of the high strength bolt 25 in the central hole of the washer 26. And the high-strength bolt 25 are in a positional relationship, and the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt 25 is positioned at the center of the washer 26. Therefore, in the above embodiment, the washer 26 can be correctly positioned in the bolt insertion hole 24 of the plate member 2a by positioning the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt 25 at the center of the bolt insertion hole 24. However, by providing the guide member on one side of the washer 26, the washer 26 can be more reliably positioned on the back surface of the plate member 2a. FIG. 6A shows an example in which a guide member 29 is provided by locally providing projections on one side of a washer 26 so as to be scattered in the circumferential direction. As another example, FIG. 6B shows a guide member 30 in which protrusions are made continuous in a certain length in the circumferential direction. In this way, each guide member 29, 30 is engaged along the edge of the bolt insertion hole 24, so that positioning to the bolt insertion hole 24 can be performed smoothly. Positioning can be performed easily. Further, as shown in FIG. 6C, when the head portion 25a and the washer 26 of the high strength bolt 25 are positioned in the back side of the plate member 2a through the bolt insertion hole 24, the shaft portion of the high strength bolt 25 is provided. A ring-shaped (or donut-shaped) guide member 31 having an outer diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the bolt insertion hole 24 and an inner diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt 25 is fitted. Then, by inserting the bolt into the bolt insertion hole 24, it is possible to guide the positioning of the high-strength bolt 25, and the guide members 29 and 30 are provided on the washer 26 as used in FIGS. The high-strength bolt 25 has been described as a bolt that can be easily guided, but a hexagonal bolt may be used depending on the state of the fastening portion of the joint portion between the plate members, and other books It is of course that various changes and modifications may be made within the scope not departing from the Ming gist.

It is the schematic which shows one Embodiment of the joining method and apparatus of the steel structure of this invention. It is an enlarged view of the A section of FIG. It is a BB arrow line view of FIG. The washer used for this invention is shown, (A) is a top view, (B) is a cut side view of (A). It is a figure which shows the state at the time of joining by this invention. FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which (A) shows an example in which a guide member for positioning in a bolt insertion hole of a plate material is locally provided on one side of a washer, and (B) shows a guide member in the circumferential direction. The figure which shows the example provided so that it may follow, (c) is a figure which shows the example which fits the axial part of a high strength bolt, and made it guide the positioning of a high strength bolt. It is the schematic of the truss beam used by the bridge etc. It is an enlarged view of the C section of FIG. It is DD expanded sectional drawing of FIG. It shows an example in which a conventional steel column and steel beam joint is fastened with a one-side bolt. (A) shows a state in which the bolt is inserted into a long hole, (B) shows the bolt at 90 degrees. It is a figure which shows the state rotated and fastened with a nut. The example which joins a plate member to a plate member with another conventional one side bolt is shown, (A) is a state figure before fastening, and (B) is a state figure after fastening.

Explanation of symbols

2 String material 2a Plate material 4 Catch plate (plate material)
24 bolt insertion hole 25 high strength bolt 25a head 26 washer 26a hole 29 guide member 30 guide member 31 guide member

Claims (4)

A bolt insertion hole for bolt joining is provided in a joint portion where a steel plate material is overlapped and joined to a plate material constituting a steel structure, and the width dimension that can pass through the bolt insertion hole and the inner diameter of the bolt insertion hole A hole in which the hole portion through which the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt is passed and the hole portion through which the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt is obliquely communicated are formed in the center portion. And using a plate-shaped washer that is capable of changing the posture between a state perpendicular to the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt and an oblique state, and the head of the high-strength bolt And a washer fitted into the high-strength bolt and in an oblique state is positioned from one side surface of the plate material joint portion through the bolt insertion hole to the other side surface of the plate material joint portion, and then the high strength bolt is attached to the plate material. while pulling the one side of the joint to the high power bolt the shaped washer A steel structure in which the head of the high-strength bolt is locked to the other side of the plate material joint portion via the washer, and the nut portion is fastened to the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt to join them. Joining method. A high strength bolt having a head portion smaller than the inner diameter of the bolt insertion hole, provided with a bolt insertion hole for bolt joining penetrating in a joint portion where the steel plate material is overlapped and joined to the plate material constituting the steel structure; An elliptical plate shape having a width dimension that can pass through the bolt insertion hole and a length dimension that is larger than the inner diameter of the bolt insertion hole, and a hole section through which the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt passes in the center section; It has a hole that communicates with the hole portion through which the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt is obliquely passed, and the posture can be changed between a state perpendicular to the shaft portion of the high-strength bolt and an oblique state. When the washer is inclined with respect to the high-strength bolt, the washer is allowed to pass through the bolt insertion hole and at a right angle with respect to the high-strength bolt. When it becomes impossible to pass through the bolt insertion hole, The head of the high-strength bolt and the washer fitted to the high-strength bolt are inserted into the bolt insertion hole from one side of the plate joint and are positioned on the other side of the plate joint. A steel structure joining apparatus characterized by having a structure in which the other side surface of the plate material joining portion is locked via a plate-like washer.   In order to position the washer in the bolt insertion hole of the plate material joint portion on the washer that is fitted to the shaft portion of the high strength bolt and locked between the head portion of the high strength bolt and the back side of the plate material The steel structure joining apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the guide member is provided.   A high strength in which a ring-shaped guide member having an outer diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the bolt insertion hole and an inner diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the shaft portion of the high strength bolt is inserted into the bolt insertion hole. The steel structure joining apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the steel structure is fitted to a bolt shaft and provided in a bolt insertion hole.

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