JP5525274B2 - Air conditioner for parked aircraft - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an air conditioner for a parking aircraft that is suitable for use in a cold region and uses outside air as a cold heat source.

When the aircraft is on the ground, such as a parking lot, it is necessary to cool the aircraft cabin and the equipment mounted inside the aircraft. As this cooling means, the outside air is cooled by an air conditioner and this cooling air is supplied to the aircraft. Yes.
In this type of air conditioner, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a cooler (evaporator) that constitutes a part of a vapor compression refrigeration apparatus is disposed in a hollow casing, and the blower is placed in the casing. Outside air is introduced, the introduced outside air is cooled by the cooler, and the cooled outside air is supplied to the parked aircraft.

  In a vapor compression refrigeration system, refrigerant gas is compressed by a compressor, the refrigerant gas at high pressure is liquefied by cooling with a condenser, and the liquefied refrigerant liquid is brought into a low-pressure gas-liquid mixed state through an expansion valve. The liquid mixture fluid is heat-exchanged with the outside air by a cooler (evaporator) to take out latent heat of evaporation from the outside air and cool the outside air.

  In order to efficiently supply the outside air to the parked aircraft, it is necessary to use a pressurized push-in type blower, introduce the outside air into the casing at a high pressure of 1,000 mmaq or more, and supply the air to the parked aircraft. However, when the outside air is increased in pressure, compression heat is generated, and the outside air is heated to 10 ° C. or more and reaches the cooler. For this reason, the cooling capacity of the vapor compression refrigeration apparatus may itself cause the outside air not to be sufficiently cooled.

  In Patent Document 2, in the air conditioner equipped with the above-described vapor compression refrigeration apparatus, a precooler is provided between the pressure-injection blower and the cooler of the vapor compression refrigeration apparatus in order to solve such a problem. An air conditioner is disclosed. Refrigerant is supplied to the precooler and the cooler via a branch passage branched from a common refrigerant circulation passage and an expansion valve interposed in the branch passage. Thus, cooling efficiency is improved by cooling outside air twice with a precooler and a cooler.

  Patent Document 3 discloses an air conditioner that includes an air cooler that is supplied with cold water from a local piping shared with an airport building and the like, and a precooler that is supplied with cooling water that has exchanged heat with outside air using an evaporative cooler. Is disclosed. The evaporative cooler includes a packing layer disposed in the intake air passage, a sprinkler for spraying water to be cooled on the packing, and a water tank for storing cooling water dropped from the packing layer. When outside air passes through the packed bed, it comes into gas-liquid contact with the water to be cooled sprinkled from the watering device, and latent heat and sensible heat are released to the outside air with partial evaporation of the water to be cooled, thereby The water is cooled. After this water to be cooled is temporarily stored in the water tank, it is supplied to the precooler.

JP 2008-39208 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-232929 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 03-63428

Since the air conditioner disclosed in Patent Document 2 is provided with a precooler and a cooler, two refrigerant circulation systems for supplying the refrigerant from the vapor compression refrigeration system to the precooler and the cooler are required, and the apparatus is complicated and expensive. There is a problem of becoming.
The air conditioner disclosed in Patent Document 3 requires cold water to be supplied to the air cooler and also requires water to be cooled to exchange heat with the outside air. Therefore, when the air conditioner is in a cold region, particularly in a cold region where the air temperature is below freezing point, there is a problem that the cold water or the water to be cooled freezes and the air conditioner cannot be operated.

  Therefore, in view of the problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to realize an air conditioner for a parked aircraft that can be operated in a cold region where the temperature is below freezing while the device configuration is simple and low cost.

In order to solve such a problem, the air conditioner for aircraft of the present invention is
A first blower that introduces air into the casing, and a vapor compression refrigeration device that constitutes a refrigeration cycle and cools the air discharged from the blower, and cooling air cooled by the vapor compression refrigeration device In the air-conditioning system for parked aircraft that was supplied to the parked aircraft,
A precooler comprising a heat absorption part of a heat exchange pipe through which brine circulates is disposed upstream of the air flow formed in the casing, and a part of the vapor compression refrigeration apparatus is disposed downstream of the precooler. Arrange the constituent evaporator,
A housing is provided in the casing, a second blower for introducing outside air into the housing, and a heat dissipating part of the heat exchange pipe facing the outside airflow formed in the housing, It is configured to cool the brine flowing through the heat radiating section with an air flow,
Further, the housing is composed of a first floor part and a first floor part and a second floor part partitioned through a partition wall,
The first blower, the casing, and the vapor compression refrigeration apparatus are disposed on the first floor portion, a part of the side wall of the second floor portion of the housing is disposed on the inside of the heat radiating portion of the heat exchange pipe, and A heat exchange pipe constituting the condenser is disposed outside the heat radiating portion, and a ventilation space is formed between these heat exchange pipes,
The second blower is provided on the ceiling wall of the second floor portion .

In the air conditioner of the present invention, since the outside air introduced into the casing is precooled by the precooler using the outside air as a cooling heat source, it is possible to increase the cooling capacity of the outside air and simplify the configuration of the precooler and Low cost.
Parked aircraft require cooling even in winter for maintenance. In winter or cold regions, the cooling effect of the brine by the low temperature outside air can be improved, so that the cooling effect of the precooler can be enhanced. Therefore, depending on the case, it becomes possible to supply outside air to the parked aircraft only by cooling only the precooler, and the required power of the air conditioner can be saved.

  In addition, since the heat exchange part of the heat exchange pipe constituting the precooler is arranged inside the housing attached to the casing so as to exchange heat with the external air flow, heat exchange between the external air and the heat radiation part The area can be taken large enough. Therefore, the heat exchange efficiency between the external airflow and the heat radiating portion can be improved, and the pressure loss of the external airflow can be reduced, so that the required power of the second blower can be reduced.

  In the apparatus of the present invention, a condenser constituting a part of the vapor compression refrigeration apparatus is disposed so as to face an external airflow formed in the housing, and the refrigerant flowing through the condenser is cooled by the external airflow. It is good to configure. As a result, a special cold heat source is not required as a cold heat source for the condenser, and cooling water is not used as the cold heat source for the condenser. Therefore, the configuration of the vapor compression refrigeration apparatus can be simplified, and the air conditioning apparatus can be operated even in winter or cold regions where the temperature is below freezing.

As described above, since the first blower , the casing, and the vapor compression refrigeration apparatus are arranged on the first floor portion, a large space for introducing outside air can be taken on the second floor portion. Therefore, the pressure loss of the outside air can be reduced, the required power of the second blower can be reduced, and the heat exchange efficiency between the heat radiating section and the condenser and the outside air can be improved.
Moreover, since the condenser which needs the cooling effect by external air from the heat radiating portion is arranged outside the heat radiating portion, the cooling effect of the condenser can be sufficiently obtained.

In the apparatus of the present invention, a three-way valve is provided in a heat exchange pipe through which brine circulates, and a bypass pipe line is connected to the three-way valve, and a part of the brine is branched into the bypass path to flow through the heat absorption part. It is good to comprise so that the flow volume of may be adjusted.
Thereby, the flow rate of the brine flowing through the heat dissipating part can be adjusted with a simple configuration. Therefore, the temperature of the cooling air supplied to the parked aircraft can be adjusted by adjusting the cooling effect in the heat radiating section.

  In the apparatus of the present invention, if an antifreeze is used as the brine, there is no possibility that the brine will freeze even in cold regions. Therefore, stable operation is possible even in cold regions.

  According to the apparatus of the present invention, the apparatus includes a blower that introduces air into the casing, and a vapor compression refrigeration apparatus that constitutes a refrigeration cycle and cools air discharged from the blower, and is cooled by the vapor compression refrigeration apparatus. In a parked aircraft air conditioner that supplies cooled air to the parked aircraft, a precooler consisting of a heat exchange part of a heat exchange pipe in which brine circulates upstream of the air flow formed in the casing And a second blower for disposing an evaporator constituting a part of the vapor compression refrigeration apparatus downstream of the precooler, providing a housing in the casing, and introducing outside air into the housing; Since the heat exchange pipe is provided with a heat radiating portion facing the external air flow formed in the housing, and the brine flowing through the heat radiating portion is cooled by the external air flow, the cooling source of the precooler Is unnecessary , The apparatus can be configured to simplify and cost.

  Especially in cold districts, the cooling effect of the precooler can be improved by the low-temperature outside air, so the cooling load of the vapor compression refrigeration system can be reduced, and the operation of the vapor compression refrigeration system is no longer necessary in winter. Can be saved significantly. Moreover, since the heat radiating part of the heat exchange pipe constituting the precooler is provided inside the housing provided alongside the casing, a wide space for heat exchange with the external airflow can be taken. Therefore, the pressure loss of the external airflow can be reduced, and the heat exchange efficiency between the external airflow and the heat radiating portion can be improved.

It is a top view (sectional view which meets an AA line in Drawing 2) concerning one embodiment of the device of the present invention. It is a perspective view concerning the embodiment.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the component parts described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to that unless otherwise specified.

  An embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. It is assumed that the air conditioning apparatus 10 for parked aircraft according to the present embodiment is installed in a cold region where the temperature is below freezing. As shown in FIG. 2, the air conditioning apparatus 10 for a parking aircraft is configured by housing each device in a rectangular parallelepiped housing 12. The housing 12 has a two-story structure having a partition floor 14 between the first floor part 1F and the second floor part 2F. FIG. 1 is a plan view of the first floor portion 1F.

  In FIG. 1, a hollow casing 16 is provided on the floor surface of the first floor portion 1F, and a high static pressure blower 18 is attached to one end of the casing. The high static pressure blower 18 is driven by a drive motor 20, and an opening 22 is provided in the partition wall of the housing 12 facing the air suction port 19, and the outside air a is sucked from the opening 22.

In the casing 16, a heat absorption unit 304 of the precooler 30 and evaporators 404 a and 404 b of the vapor compression refrigeration apparatus 40 are disposed in order from the upstream side in the flow direction of the outside air a.
The heat absorbing unit 304 and radiators 306a and 306b described later are configured by heat exchange tubes in which brine b made of antifreeze circulates. As shown in FIG. 2, the heat radiating portions 306a and 302b are configured by heat exchange tubes provided on the side walls of the second floor portion 2F.

  The heat absorption part 304 and the heat radiation parts 306a and 306b are connected by a brine circulation path 302. The brine circulation path 302 is provided with a brine pump 308, a three-way valve 310, and a bypass path 312 that bypasses part of the brine b to the three-way valve 310. By adjusting the brine flow rate passing through the bypass line 312, the brine flow rate passing through the heat absorbing unit 304 can be adjusted. Thereby, the cooling effect of the outside air a by the heat absorption part 304 can be adjusted.

  The brine circulation path 302 branches into two branch paths 302a and 302b on the downstream side of the brine pump 308. One branch path 302a is connected to the heat radiating section 306a, and the other branch path 302b is connected to the heat radiating section 306b. ing.

  The vapor compression refrigeration apparatus 40 includes a compressor 406 driven by a drive motor 408 in a refrigerant circulation path 402, and evaporators 404a and 404b provided in two stages in the casing 16 along the flow direction of the outside air a. The high-pressure receiver 410, the expansion valves 412a and 412b, and the condensers 414a and 414b are interposed. The refrigerant circulation path 402 is branched into two branch paths 402a and 402b by a high-pressure receiver 410. An expansion valve 412a is interposed in one branch path 402a, and an expansion valve 412b is interposed in the other branch path 402b. It is disguised.

  On the downstream side of the compressor 406, the refrigerant circulation path 402 is branched into two branch paths 402c and 402d. The branch path 402c is connected to one condenser 414a, and the branch path 402d is connected to the other condenser 414b.

  The air-conditioning outside air b whose temperature has been adjusted in the casing 16 is sent to the duct 24 and the hose 28 connected to the duct 24. A damper 26 is provided in the duct 24, and the flow rate of the air-conditioning outside air b can be adjusted by the damper 26. The hose 28 is connected to the parked aircraft P, and supplies air-conditioned outside air b from the hose 28 to the parked aircraft P.

  In FIG. 2, openings 50 a and 50 b are provided on the side walls facing each other in the second floor portion 2 </ b> F of the housing 12. A large number of flat fins 52 are arranged in the openings 50 a and 50 b in a direction perpendicular to the opening surface, and a gap d is formed between the fins 52. The condensers 414 a and 414 b are configured by a single meandering heat exchange tube disposed through the fins 52. The heat exchange pipe constituting the condenser 414a is connected to the branch path 402c, and the heat exchange pipe constituting the condenser 414b is connected to the branch path 402d.

A heat radiating portion 306a is formed inside the condenser 414a. The heat dissipating part 306a is composed of a single meandering heat exchange tube disposed through the fins 52. The heat exchange pipe is arranged in parallel with the heat exchange pipe constituting the condenser 414a. Inside the condenser 414b, a heat radiation part 306b is formed with the same configuration as the heat radiation part 306a. The heat dissipation part 306a is connected to the branch path 302a, and the heat dissipation part 306b is connected to the branch path 302b.
Eight circular openings 54 are provided on the ceiling surface of the second floor portion 2F of the housing 12, and an exhaust fan 56 is provided in each opening 54. A ventilation space S is formed inside the second floor portion 2F.

In such a configuration, the exhaust fan 56 is operated, the outside air e is introduced into the ventilation space S from the gap d, and the introduced outside air e is discharged from the opening 54, thereby forming an outside air flow in the ventilation space S. Thus, the refrigerant r flowing through the condensers 414a and 414b of the vapor compression refrigeration apparatus 40 is cooled and condensed by the outside air e, and the brine b flowing through the heat radiation portions 306a and 306b is cooled by the outside air e. The brine b cooled by the heat radiating units 306a and 306b is sent to the heat absorbing unit 304, and the outside air a introduced into the casing 16 is cooled by the high static pressure blower 18.
Note that the heat sinks 306a and 306b, the brine b flowing through, and the refrigerant r flowing through the condensers 414a and 414b are configured to face each other.

  When the high static pressure blower 18 is operated and the outside air a is introduced into the casing 16, the introduced outside air a is compressed and becomes high temperature. The high temperature outside air a is first pre-cooled by the heat absorbing unit 304. Next, the precooled outside air a is further cooled by the evaporators 404a and 404b of the vapor compression refrigeration apparatus 40. The cooled air-conditioning outside air b is supplied to the parked aircraft P via the duct 24 and the hose 28.

  In summer, the outside air a introduced into the casing 16 by the high static pressure blower 18 is compressed and becomes considerably hot. In the present embodiment, the high temperature outside air a is pre-cooled by the heat absorbing section 304 and then further cooled by the evaporators 404a and 404b, so that the cooling effect can be improved, and even the high temperature outside air a can be parked. The temperature can be set to a temperature necessary for cooling the devices mounted on the aircraft P.

  Even in the winter, air-conditioning is required for the parked aircraft P for maintenance. In winter, when the temperature does not reach below freezing point, pre-cooling by the heat absorption unit 304 and cooling by the evaporators 404a and 404b are used in combination. When the temperature falls below the freezing point, the cooling effect of the brine b by the outside air e in the heat radiating portions 306a and 306b is large, so that the outside air a can be cooled only by the heat absorbing portion 304. At this time, the cooling effect can be adjusted by operating the three-way valve 310 and adjusting the flow rate of the brine b circulating to the heat absorbing unit 304.

According to the present embodiment, as a cooling means for cooling the outside air a, the precooling device 30 using the outside air e as a cold heat source and the vapor compression refrigeration device 40 are provided, and the outside air a is precooled by the precooler 30. Therefore, a sufficient cooling effect can be obtained. Further, since the pre-cooling device 30 uses the outside air e as a cooling source, no special cooling means is required, so that the required power of the air-conditioning device 10 can be saved.
In particular, when the temperature falls below freezing in the winter, the outside air a can be cooled by operating only the precooling device 30, so that the required power of the air conditioner 10 can be greatly reduced.

  In addition, since the components of the air conditioner 10 are arranged on the first floor portion 1F of the housing 12 and the ventilation space S that forms the external airflow is widened on the second floor portion 2F, the outside air e and the heat radiating portion of the precooling device 30 The efficiency of heat exchange with 306a and 306b can be improved, the pressure loss of the outside air e can be reduced, and the required power of the exhaust fan 56 can be reduced.

  Further, since the refrigerant r flowing through the condensers 414a and 414b of the vapor compression refrigeration apparatus 40 is also cooled by the outside air e, it is not necessary to provide a special cooling means for the condenser, and the equipment cost can be reduced. . Thus, since the cooling water is not used as the cooling means for the condenser, the vapor compression refrigeration apparatus 40 can be operated even when the temperature is below freezing.

Furthermore, the condensers 414a and 414b are disposed outside the side wall of the second floor portion 2F, and the heat radiating portions 306a and 306b are disposed inside the condensers 414a and 414b. The cooling effect of the refrigerant r that needs to be cooled can be improved.
In addition, since the brine b flowing through the heat radiating section and the refrigerant r flowing through the condenser are used as opposing flows, the cooling effect can be made uniform between the upstream side and the downstream side.

In addition, since the three-way valve 310 and the bypass passage 312 are provided in the brine circulation path 302 and the three-way valve 310 is operated, the flow rate of the brine b flowing through the heat absorbing unit 304 can be adjusted. Temperature adjustment is possible.
Moreover, since the antifreeze is used as the brine b, the air conditioner 10 can be stably operated even in the cold season where the temperature is below freezing.

    According to the present invention, when supplying cooled air-conditioned air to a parked aircraft, it is possible to realize an air-conditioning apparatus that has good cooling efficiency, low equipment costs, and can reduce required power, particularly in cold regions.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Air-conditioner for parking aircraft 12 Housing 14 Partition floor 16 Casing 18 High static pressure blower 19 Air inlet 20, 408 Drive motor 22, 50a, 50b, 54 Opening 24 Duct 26 Damper 28 Hose 30 Pre-cooling device 302 Brine circulation path 302a 302b Branch path 304 Heat absorption section 306a, 306b Heat radiation section 308 Brine pump 310 Three-way valve 312 Bypass path 40 Vapor compression refrigeration system 402 Refrigerant circulation path 402a, 402b, 402c, 402d Branch path 404a, 404b Evaporator 406 Compressor 410 High pressure Liquid receiver 412a, 412b Expansion valve 414a, 414b Condenser 52 Fin 56 Exhaust fan a, e Outside air b Brine c Air-conditioning outside air d Gap S Ventilation space

Claims (4)

A first blower that introduces air into the casing, and a vapor compression refrigeration device that constitutes a refrigeration cycle and cools the air discharged from the blower, and cooling air cooled by the vapor compression refrigeration device In the air-conditioning system for parked aircraft that was supplied to the parked aircraft,
A precooler comprising a heat absorption part of a heat exchange pipe through which brine circulates is disposed upstream of the air flow formed in the casing, and a part of the vapor compression refrigeration apparatus is disposed downstream of the precooler. Arrange the constituent evaporator,
A housing is provided in the casing, a second blower for introducing outside air into the housing, and a heat dissipating part of the heat exchange pipe facing the outside airflow formed in the housing, It is configured to cool the brine flowing through the heat radiating section with an air flow,
Further, the housing is composed of a first floor part and a first floor part and a second floor part partitioned through a partition wall,
The first blower, the casing, and the vapor compression refrigeration apparatus are disposed on the first floor portion, a part of the side wall of the second floor portion of the housing is disposed on the inside of the heat radiating portion of the heat exchange pipe, and A heat exchange pipe constituting the condenser is disposed outside the heat radiating portion, and a ventilation space is formed between these heat exchange pipes,
A parking aircraft air conditioner characterized in that the second blower is provided on the ceiling wall of the second floor portion .   A condenser constituting a part of the vapor compression refrigeration apparatus is disposed so as to face an external airflow formed in the housing, and the external airflow is configured to cool the refrigerant flowing through the condenser. The air conditioning system for parked aircraft according to claim 1.   A three-way valve is provided in the heat exchange pipe through which the brine circulates, and a bypass pipe is connected to the three-way valve, and a part of the brine is branched into the bypass path to adjust the flow rate of the brine flowing through the heat absorption part. The air conditioner for parking aircraft according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioner is configured to do so. The air conditioning apparatus for parked aircraft according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the brine is antifreeze.

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