JP5528978B2 - Suction device and suction vehicle equipped with the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a suction device that sucks an object to be sucked into a receiver tank by negative pressure, and a suction wheel equipped with the suction device.

  In the past, there has been known a suction vehicle that uses negative pressure to collect and collect sludge and muddy water collection objects such as sludge collection work in sewers, manholes and gutters on roads, and sludge collection work at water treatment plants. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). In this suction vehicle, the air in the receiver tank is reduced to a negative pressure by a blower driven by the rotational power of the engine of the vehicle via a PTO (power take-off device).

  In such a suction wheel, when the rotating object is sucked and collected in the receiver tank, first, the blower is rotationally driven through the PTO with the engine speed as the idle speed. At this time, the suction force increases as the degree of vacuum in the receiver tank increases and as the air volume of the blower increases, so a manual accelerator that sets the engine speed is set so that the desired degree of vacuum and air volume can be obtained. By rotating, the electronic governor is adjusted to increase the engine speed (blower speed) to a predetermined speed.

  By the way, such adjustment of the degree of vacuum in the receiver tank requires an operator to operate the manual accelerator while checking the degree of vacuum in the receiver tank with a pressure gauge, and is high after adjustment at the beginning of work. It remains fixed at the number of revolutions. However, if the rotational speed of the engine remains high during the operation, problems occur in terms of engine fuel cost and noise.

  For example, in Patent Document 2, when a vacuum pressure is generated in a tank, the pressure sensor detects a vacuum pressure and generates a detection signal, and is connected to the pressure sensor and controls the injection device based on the detection signal of the pressure sensor. A sludge suction device is described that includes a control mechanism, and when the sludge is sucked, the engine and blower are sped up by the injection device, and when the sludge is not sucked, the engine is sped down by the injection device. . In this sludge suction device, the pressure sensor is provided in a pipe or tank connecting the blower and the tank.

JP 2007-92733 A JP 2010-37807 A

  In the sludge suction device described in Patent Document 2, the pressure sensor is provided in a pipe or a tank connecting the blower and the tank. However, it is extremely difficult to remodel these pipes and the tank to provide the pressure sensor. .

  In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a suction device capable of reducing fuel consumption during suction work and a suction wheel equipped with the suction device by simple modification.

  The suction device according to the present invention measures a receiver tank that collects an object to be collected, a blower for decompressing air in the receiver tank, an engine that is connected to the blower and rotationally drives the blower, and measures the pressure in the receiver tank. A coupled meter, a pressure sensor branched to an air pipe leading to the coupled meter, and an accelerator control device that controls the number of revolutions of the engine in accordance with the pressure detected by the pressure sensor. .

  According to the present invention, since the pressure sensor is provided by branching to the air pipe leading to the compound meter for measuring the pressure in the receiver tank, it can be simply modified. In this suction device, the rotational speed of the blower can be controlled by controlling the rotational speed of the engine in accordance with the pressure detected by the pressure sensor, and the fuel consumption during the suction operation can be reduced.

  The suction device of the present invention has a manual accelerator for setting the engine speed, and a selector switch for switching between manual control and automatic control of the engine speed. When the pressure detected by the pressure sensor is a negative pressure lower than a predetermined negative pressure, the engine speed is set to the idle speed, and the pressure detected by the pressure sensor is a negative pressure higher than the predetermined negative pressure. In the case of pressure, it is desirable that the engine speed be increased or decreased below the speed set by the manual accelerator according to the pressure.

  As a result, when the engine speed is set by the manual accelerator and the changeover switch is switched to automatic control, the engine speed is idle when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor is a negative pressure lower than a predetermined negative pressure. The number of revolutions becomes the fuel consumption. Then, the suction operation is started, and when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor becomes a negative pressure higher than a predetermined negative pressure, the engine speed is increased or decreased according to the pressure, so that the negative pressure and the air volume necessary for the suction are increased. Can be obtained. Further, since the engine speed at this time is increased or decreased below the speed set by the manual accelerator, the engine does not rotate more than necessary, and wasteful fuel consumption is prevented.

  In addition, the suction device of the present invention preferably has an operation panel including a compound meter, a pressure sensor, a manual accelerator, a changeover switch, and an accelerator control device. As a result, the engine speed can be set by the manual accelerator while looking at the compound gauge on the operation panel, and the automatic control of the engine speed can be started by switching the changeover switch.

  The accelerator control device preferably controls the engine speed by outputting the same voltage as the throttle sensor to the engine control device that electronically controls the engine. As a result, it is only necessary to connect the voltage output of the accelerator control device to the engine control device, so there is no need to modify the engine control device.

(1) A receiver tank that collects an object to be collected, a blower for decompressing air in the receiver tank, an engine that is connected to the blower and rotationally drives the blower, and a coupled meter that measures the pressure in the receiver tank And an accelerator control device that controls the number of revolutions of the engine according to the pressure detected by the pressure sensor. It is possible to reduce the fuel consumption during the suction operation and to reduce the fuel cost.

(2) It has a manual accelerator for setting the engine speed, and a selector switch for switching between manual control and automatic control of the engine speed, and the accelerator control device has the selector switch switched to automatic control and pressure When the pressure detected by the sensor is a negative pressure lower than a predetermined negative pressure, the engine speed is set to the idle speed, and when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor is a negative pressure higher than the predetermined negative pressure, the pressure is Accordingly, the engine speed is increased or decreased below the speed set by the manual accelerator, so that when the negative pressure is lower than the predetermined negative pressure, the engine speed becomes the idle speed and fuel consumption is reduced. Only when the volume is reduced and the engine is at a high negative pressure, the engine speed is increased or decreased according to the pressure, and the negative pressure and air volume required for suction can be obtained, eliminating unnecessary fuel consumption. Ri, it is possible to reduce the fuel cost. Further, since the engine speed at this time is increased or decreased below the speed set by the manual accelerator, the engine does not rotate more than necessary, and further wasteful fuel consumption is prevented.

(3) By having an operation panel with a built-in compound meter, pressure sensor, manual accelerator, changeover switch and accelerator control device, the engine speed is set and switched by the manual accelerator while looking at the compound meter on the operation panel. The switch can be switched to start the automatic control of the engine speed, and the operability is good.

(4) Since the accelerator control device controls the engine speed by outputting the same voltage as the throttle sensor to the engine control device that electronically controls the engine, the voltage output of the accelerator control device is Since it only needs to be connected to the engine control device, there is no need to modify the engine control device.

It is a side view of the suction wheel in the embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the suction wheel of FIG. It is an air system diagram of the suction device mounted in the suction wheel of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the engine speed control system of the suction vehicle of FIG. It is a figure which shows a part of electric circuit of the suction wheel of FIG. It is a flowchart of engine speed control. It is the figure which compared the time chart of an engine speed, Comprising: (a) is a suction wheel in embodiment of this invention, (b) is a figure which respectively shows the conventional suction wheel.

  1 is a side view of a suction wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the suction wheel of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an air system diagram of a suction device mounted on the suction wheel of FIG.

  1 and 2, the suction wheel 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a vehicle 10 and a suction device 20 mounted on the vehicle 10. The vehicle 10 includes a cab 11 and a chassis frame 12. An engine 30 (see FIG. 4), a drive shaft (not shown), wheels 13 and a PTO (power take-out device) 14 (see FIG. 4) are attached to the chassis frame 12.

  The sub frame 21 mounted on the chassis frame 12 extends in the front-rear direction of the vehicle 10. The suction device 20 includes the subframe 21 and is configured by each device mounted on the subframe 21. A receiver tank 22 as a primary catcher that collects a collection target object is installed at the rear portion of the subframe 21. In the present specification, the cab 11 side of the vehicle 10 is the front side, the receiver tank 22 side is the rear side, the right side of the vehicle 10 from the receiver tank 22 side toward the cab 11 side is the right side, and the left side is the left side. To do.

  The receiver tank 22 includes a main body 22a having an opening at the rear end, and a tailgate 22b for opening and closing the opening at the rear end. The tailgate 22b is pivotally supported by the upper rear end portion of the main body 22a via a hinge pin 22c so as to be rotatable. An open / close cylinder 22d is disposed between the main body 22a and the tailgate 22b. The tailgate 22b opens and closes the rear end opening of the main body 22a by expanding and contracting the open / close cylinder 22d.

  An air pipe 50 (see FIG. 3) is connected to the upper portion of the main body 22a of the receiver tank 22. On the lower side of the tailgate 22b, there are provided a suction port 22e with an opening / closing valve that serves as a suction port for the collection object and a discharge port 22f with an opening / closing valve that serves as a discharge port for the collection object.

  The receiver tank 22 is pivotally supported with respect to the subframe 21 via a tilting pin 22g so as to be tiltable. A tilt cylinder 22 h is disposed between the subframe 21 and the receiver tank 22. By operating the tilting cylinder 22h to extend and contract, the receiver tank 22 is raised or tilted around the tilting pin 22g. In addition, in order to respond | correspond to the rotation operation | movement of the receiver tank 22, the one part is comprised with flexible materials, such as a flexible hose.

  The front portion of the subframe 21 includes a cyclone dust collector 23 as a secondary and tertiary integrated catcher, a cyclone dust collector 24 as a quaternary catcher, and a blower 25 for increasing and reducing the pressure of air in the receiver tank 22. And silencers 26 and 27 are arranged. The cyclone dust collectors 23 and 24 are provided on a common catcher tank 28. In the catcher tank 28, the cyclone dust collector 23 side and the cyclone dust collector 24 side are separated by a partition wall (not shown). The blower 25 is rotationally driven by the engine through the PTO 14 described above. An operation panel 29 described later is provided on the left side of the subframe 21.

Next, the air system of the suction device 20 will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the exhaust port 22 j of the receiver tank 22 and the intake port 23 a of the cyclone dust collector 23 are connected by an air pipe 50. A valve 61 is provided in the middle of the air pipe 50.

  An air pipe 52 is connected to the exhaust port 23 b of the cyclone type dust collector 23. The tip of the air pipe 52 is connected to the air inlet 25 a of the blower 25. The silencer 27 is provided in the middle of the air pipe 52. On the other hand, an air pipe 53 is connected to the exhaust port 25 b of the blower 25. The tip of the air pipe 53 is connected to the silencer 26.

  An air pipe 54 provided with a valve 62 in the middle is connected to one exhaust port 26 a of the silencer 26. The tip of the air pipe 54 is connected between the valve 61 of the air pipe 50 and the exhaust port 22j of the receiver tank 22. An air pipe 55 provided with a valve 63 in the middle is connected to another exhaust port 26b of the silencer 26. The tip of the air pipe 55 is connected to the intake port 24 a of the cyclone type dust collector 24. Another exhaust port 26 c of the silencer 26 is released to the atmosphere through a relief valve 64.

  The exhaust port 24b of the cyclone type dust collector 24 is open to the atmosphere. A pipe 56 that bypasses the air pipe 52 is connected to the air inlet 24 c of the cyclone type dust collector 24. A load release valve 65 is provided in the middle of this piping.

  Next, the engine speed control system of the suction wheel 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 is a block diagram showing an engine speed control system of the suction wheel 1 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is an air system diagram for pressure measurement.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the suction wheel 1 includes an electronic governor 31 that adjusts the rotational speed of the engine 30, and an ECU (engine) that electronically controls the engine 30 by sending a control voltage to the electronic governor 31. Control unit) 32. As described above, the accelerator control device 33, the pressure sensor 34, the accelerator knob 35, the accelerator sensor 36, and the mode switching toggle switch shown in FIG. 4 are provided in the operation panel 29 provided on the left side of the sub-frame 21 of the suction wheel 1. 37 and an auto accelerator lamp 37a are provided. In addition, a coupled meter 38 and a tachometer 39 are provided in the operation panel 29 as shown in FIG.

  The compound meter 38 measures the pressure (positive and negative gauge pressure) in the receiver tank 22 and is used for measuring the pressure drawn from the middle of the air pipe 54 connecting the receiver tank 22 and the blower 25. It is connected to an air pipe 40 (see FIG. 5). As shown in FIG. 5, the pressure sensor 34 is branched from the branch pipe 41 provided in the middle of the air pipe 40 through the air pipe 42. The pressure sensor 34 turns on the contact output when the detected pressure is a negative pressure lower than a predetermined negative pressure (for example, a negative pressure lower than −20 kPa), and a negative pressure higher than the predetermined negative pressure ( For example, when the negative pressure is a negative pressure higher than −20 kPa, a voltage corresponding to the height of the negative pressure is output. Further, an air tank 43 for absorbing a sudden pressure fluctuation is provided in the middle of the air pipe 40 and between the branch pipe 41 and the air pipe 54. The air tank 43 is provided with a drain valve 44.

  The accelerator control device 33 outputs the same voltage as the chassis side throttle sensor (hereinafter referred to as “throttle voltage”) to the ECU 32 according to the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 34, thereby The number of revolutions is controlled. The chassis side throttle sensor outputs a throttle voltage corresponding to the amount of depression of the accelerator pedal of the suction wheel 1, and the ECU 32 normally controls the engine 30 according to the throttle voltage input from the chassis side throttle sensor. Is.

  The accelerator knob 35 is a manual accelerator for manually setting the rotational speed of the engine 30. The accelerator sensor 36 outputs a voltage corresponding to the operation amount of the accelerator knob 35, and the accelerator control device 33 outputs a throttle voltage corresponding to the voltage input from the accelerator sensor 36 to the ECU 32. The mode switching toggle switch 37 is a switching switch for switching between manual control and automatic control of the rotational speed of the engine 30. The auto accelerator lamp 37a is an LED lamp that is turned on when automatic control is selected by the mode switching toggle switch 37.

  In the suction wheel 1 having the above-described configuration, when the collection target object is sucked and collected in the receiver tank 22 by the suction device 20, the air in the receiver tank 22 is decompressed and passed through a suction hose (not shown) connected to the suction port 22e with the opening / closing valve. The collection object is sucked into the receiver tank 22 from the outside. At this time, in the suction device 20 in the present embodiment, the engine speed is controlled by the following procedure. FIG. 6 is a flowchart of engine speed control.

  First, the power source of the accelerator control device 33 is off (S100), the engine 30 of the suction wheel 1 is turned on, the key switch (SW) 30a is on (S101), and the power source of the accelerator control device 33 is on. (S102). Next, when the ON signal of the PTO 14 is input (S103), when the mode switching toggle switch 37 is in the normal mode (S104), the rotational speed of the engine 30 can be increased or decreased by operating the accelerator knob 35 (S104). S105, S106).

  The accelerator control device 33 outputs a throttle voltage corresponding to the voltage input from the accelerator sensor 36 to the ECU 32 (S106). As a result, a control voltage is sent from the ECU 32 to the electronic governor 31, and the rotational speed of the engine 30 is adjusted.

  On the other hand, the mode switching toggle switch 37 is switched to the auto accelerator mode (S104), and the contact output of the pressure sensor 34 is turned on (as described above, the negative pressure is lower than the predetermined negative pressure (for example, the negative pressure is lower than −20 kPa). When on (when the pressure is low) (S107), the accelerator controller 33 outputs a throttle voltage to the ECU 32 so that the rotational speed of the engine 30 becomes the idle rotational speed (S108).

  Then, when the suction operation is started and the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 34 becomes a negative pressure higher than the predetermined negative pressure (for example, a negative pressure higher than −20 kPa), the contact output of the pressure sensor 34 is output. Is turned off (S107), and a voltage corresponding to the height of the negative pressure is output from the pressure sensor 34 (S109). The accelerator control device 33 outputs a throttle voltage corresponding to the voltage input from the pressure sensor 34 to the ECU 32 (S110). As a result, a control voltage is sent from the ECU 32 to the electronic governor 31, and the rotational speed of the engine 30 is increased or decreased according to the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 34. Then, the control of the accelerator control device 33 is turned off by the off signal of the PTO 14 (S111).

  It should be noted that the accelerator control device 33 does not exceed the engine speed set by the accelerator knob 35 even when the negative pressure increases. That is, the accelerator control device 33 outputs a throttle voltage to the ECU 32 so as to increase / decrease below the rotation speed of the engine 30 set by the accelerator knob 35. In addition, the accelerator control device 33 is configured to output a throttle voltage so as not to exceed the maximum number of rotations of the engine 30 regardless of the operation amount of the accelerator knob 35.

  As described above, in the suction wheel 1 according to the present embodiment, the receiver tank 22 that collects the collection target, the blower 25 that decompresses the air in the receiver tank 22, and the blower 25 that is connected to the blower 25 rotates. The engine 30 to be driven, the coupled meter 38 for measuring the pressure in the receiver tank 22, the pressure sensor 34 provided to be branched to the air pipe 54 leading to the coupled meter 38, and the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 34 Accordingly, the suction device 20 having the accelerator control device 33 that controls the rotational speed of the engine 30 according to the above can reduce the fuel consumption during the suction operation by simple modification, and the fuel cost can be reduced.

  Further, in the suction device 20, when the negative pressure is lower than a predetermined negative pressure, the pressure of the engine 30 is reduced only when the rotational speed of the engine 30 becomes the idle rotational speed and the fuel consumption is reduced, resulting in a high negative pressure. Accordingly, the number of revolutions of the engine 30 increases and decreases, and a negative pressure necessary for suction is obtained. Therefore, useless fuel consumption is eliminated, and fuel cost can be reduced. Further, since the rotational speed of the engine 30 at this time is increased or decreased below the rotational speed set by the accelerator knob 35, the engine 30 does not rotate more than necessary, and further wasteful fuel consumption is prevented. .

  FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams comparing time charts of the engine speed, in which FIG. 7A shows a suction wheel in the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7B shows a conventional suction wheel. As shown in FIG. 7 (a), in the case of the suction wheel 1 in the embodiment of the present invention, after setting the number of revolutions by the accelerator knob 35, when the mode switching toggle switch 37 is switched to the auto accelerator mode, the engine revolution number is changed. When the engine speed is reduced to the idle speed and the suction operation is started, the engine speed increases or decreases between the idle speed and the set speed according to the load (negative pressure). For example, when the load increases (when the negative pressure increases), the engine speed increases, and when the load decreases (when the negative pressure decreases), the engine speed decreases.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7 (b), in the case of a conventional suction wheel, the engine speed at the time of the suction operation is constant at the set high speed, so that preparation, standby, not performing the suction work, Fuel is wasted at all stages of tidying up. Therefore, comparing (a) and (b) of FIG. 7, the engine speed of the shaded portion of FIG. 7 (a) is lower than the fixed engine speed of FIG. The amount of consumption is reduced, and the fuel cost can be reduced accordingly.

  In the suction wheel 1 according to the present embodiment, the operation panel 29 includes the compound gauge 38, the pressure sensor 34, the accelerator knob 35, the mode switching toggle switch 37, and the auto accelerator lamp 37a. While looking at the total 38, the speed of the engine 30 can be set by the accelerator knob 35, and the mode switching toggle switch 37 can be switched to start the automatic control of the engine speed. In addition, since the pressure sensor 34 is protected from wind and rain in the operation panel 29 together with the compound meter 38, malfunction is prevented and durability is improved.

  Further, in the suction wheel 1 in this embodiment, the accelerator control device 33 controls the rotation speed of the engine 30 by outputting a voltage similar to that of the chassis side throttle sensor to the ECU 32 that electronically controls the engine 30. Therefore, since it is only necessary to connect the voltage output of the accelerator control device 33 to the ECU 32, it is not necessary to modify the ECU 32, and the suction device 20 capable of reducing the fuel consumption during the suction operation at a low cost is provided. The mounted suction wheel 1 can be provided.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is useful as a suction device capable of reducing fuel consumption during suction work and a suction wheel equipped with the suction device.

1 Suction Wheel 10 Vehicle 11 Cab 12 Chassis Frame 13 Wheel 14 PTO
20 Suction Device 21 Subframe 22 Receiver Tank 22a Main Body 22b Tail Gate 23, 24 Cyclone Dust Collector 25 Blower 26, 27 Silencer 28 Catcher Tank 29 Operation Panel 30 Engine 30a Key Switch 31 Electronic Governer 32 ECU
33 accelerator control device 34 pressure sensor 35 accelerator knob 36 accelerator sensor 37 mode switching toggle switch 37a auto accelerator lamp 38 compound meter 39 tachometer 40, 42 air piping 41 branch pipe 43 air tank 44 drain valve 50, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56 Air piping 51 Bypass pipe 60 Electric ball valve 61, 62, 63 Valve 64 Relief valve 65 Load release valve

Claims (4)

A receiver tank for collecting the collection object;
A blower for decompressing the air in the receiver tank;
An engine coupled to the blower for rotationally driving the blower;
An electronic governor for adjusting the rotational speed of the engine;
An engine control device for electronically controlling the engine by sending a control voltage to the electronic governor in accordance with a throttle voltage input from a throttle sensor;
A compound meter for measuring the pressure in the receiver tank;
A pressure sensor provided in a branching manner in the air piping leading to the compound meter;
A suction device having an accelerator control device for controlling the engine speed by outputting a throttle voltage similar to that of the throttle sensor to the engine control device in accordance with a pressure detected by the pressure sensor. A manual accelerator for setting the engine speed;
A changeover switch for switching between manual control and automatic control of the engine speed;
In the accelerator control device, when the changeover switch is switched to automatic control and the pressure detected by the pressure sensor is a negative pressure lower than a predetermined negative pressure, the engine speed is set as an idle speed, 2. The engine according to claim 1, wherein when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor is a negative pressure higher than a predetermined negative pressure, the engine speed is increased or decreased below the speed set by the manual accelerator according to the pressure. Suction device.   The suction device according to claim 2, further comprising an operation panel including the compound meter, a pressure sensor, a manual accelerator, a changeover switch, and an accelerator control device. Suction wheel which suction device is mounted according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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