JP5529062B2 - Water intake equipment in rivers - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is a water storage tank embedded in the river bottom, a filtration unit that is provided around the water storage tank, separates and filters the filtrate from the river water by permeating the river water, and is filtered by the filtration unit. Water intake that collects river water in a water storage tank, a valve body that opens and closes the water collection section, and a control section that controls opening and closing of the valve body, and takes water from the river as industrial water and drinking water Relates to the device.

  Conventionally, it has a bulkhead cylinder that is attached to the bottom of a dam for drinking water, and by excavating the sediment deposited on the bottom of the dam with a drilling tool inside the bulkhead cylinder, Sediment and water are mixed, and gas is sent from the compressor to the bulkhead cylinder through the air pipe. By using the levitation force of this gas, the sand and water are collected from the bulkhead cylinder, There is an earth and sand recovery device that makes it possible to recover the amount of water stored in a dam without lowering the water quality (for example, see Patent Document 1).

JP 2004-183206 A (page 4, FIG. 1)

  However, in the earth and sand collection device described in Patent Document 1, since the equipment for collecting the earth and sand on the lake bottom of the dam is large, installation and removal of the equipment cost a great deal every time the earth and sand are collected. There is a problem that it ends up.

  This invention was made paying attention to such a problem, and it aims at providing the water intake device in the river which can store river water as drinking water without going through maintenance etc. over a long period of time. To do.

In order to solve the above problems, the water intake device in the river of the present invention is
A water tank buried at the bottom of the river, a filtration part that is provided around the water tank and separates and filters the filtrate from the river water by permeating the river water, and a river filtered by the filtration part A water collecting section for storing water in the water storage tank, a valve body for opening and closing the flow of river water from the water collecting section to the water storage tank, and a control section for performing opening and closing control of the valve body,
The control unit closes the valve body, and the filtering unit causes a backwashing action to peel off the filtrate separated from the river water from the filtering unit.
According to this feature, even if the filtrate remains in the filtration unit by filtering the river water in the filtration unit, the control unit closes the valve body and stops storing the river water in the water tank. As a backwashing action, river water can be ejected from the filtration section together with the filtrate, and the ejected filtrate can be flowed downstream of the river by the river flow. It is possible to recover and use the water storage tank for a long time without maintenance.

The water intake device in the river of the present invention,
A detection unit that detects the quality of river water upstream of the water storage tank in the river is provided, and the control unit detects the valve body when the quality of the river water detected by the detection unit exceeds an allowable reference value. It is characterized by blocking.
According to this feature, the control unit detects from the detection unit that the quality of the river water flowing from the upstream of the river exceeds the allowable standard value, so that the water quality has exceeded the allowable standard value in the water tank. The water quality of the river water collected in the water storage tank is maintained at a certain standard by closing the valve body so that river water does not enter and by flowing downstream the river water whose water quality exceeds the allowable standard value due to the river flow. be able to.

The water intake device in the river of the present invention,
The water collecting part is composed of a first water collecting part disposed at an upper part of the water storage tank and a second water collecting part disposed at a side part of the water tank.
According to this feature, by collecting not only river water filtered above the reservoir by the first catchment, but also river water filtered by the side of the reservoir by the second catchment, River water can be efficiently stored in the water tank.

The water intake device in the river of the present invention,
The filtration unit includes an upper sand layer and a lower gravel layer, and the river water is stored in the water storage tank through a plurality of pores arranged at the lower part of the filtration unit. .
According to this feature, river water with good water quality can be stored in the water storage tank by three-stage filtration of the sand layer and gravel layer of the filtration unit and the pores in the water collection unit.

The water intake device in the river of the present invention,
The said water tank is embed | buried upstream from the dam provided in the river, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
According to this feature, since the river water stored in the dam in a state in which earth and sand are mixed is not stored in the storage tank, the river water with good water quality can be stored in the storage tank more reliably.

In an Example, it is the side schematic diagram which shows the positional relationship of the water storage tank and dam in a river. It is a plane schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a water storage tank and a dam in a river. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows a water storage tank and a filtration part. It is AA sectional drawing of the water storage tank and filtration part in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of a water intake apparatus.

  EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION The form for implementing the water intake apparatus in the river which concerns on this invention is demonstrated below based on an Example.

  A water intake device in a river according to an embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. Hereinafter, the left side of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 will be described as the upstream side of the river. Reference numeral 1 in FIG. 1 is a dam 1 provided at a predetermined location of the river 2. The dam 1 forms a dam lake 3 by damming the river 2, and river water is stored in the dam lake 3. The river water stored in this dam lake 3 has a problem of water quality that can be used as drinking water because driftwood, mud, etc. have accumulated on the bottom of the lake for many years, and algae such as crypto-algae have bred. It has become.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the river bottom 4 upstream of the dam lake 3 in the river 2 (see FIG. 3) permeates high quality river water flowing upstream from the dam lake 3. The filtration part 5 for making it filter is provided. Specifically, the filtering unit 5 includes a sand-washed layer 5b composed of fine-grained sand, and a natural stone layer that suppresses the sand particles with natural stone so that the sand particles of the sand-washed layer 5b are not washed away by the water flow of the river 2. 5a, a rough sand layer 5c provided below the sand-washed layer 5b, and composed of sand grains larger than the sand-washed layer 5b, and a sand particle and pebbles provided below the rough sand layer 5c and larger in grain than the rough sand layer 5c And a bead gravel layer 5e provided below the bean gravel layer 5d and mixed with sand grains and pebbles larger in size than the bean gravel layer 5d.

  For this reason, algae and earth and sand mixed in the river water flowing through the river 2 are filtered through the sand washing layer 5b, the rough sand layer 5c, the bean gravel layer 5d, and the boulder gravel layer 5e as the river water permeates the filtration unit 5. As it is separated from river water. In the jade gravel layer 5e, the river water filtered by the filtering unit 5 configured as described above is stored, and the river water is supplied to the water purification plant 6 provided on the downstream side of the river 2. The water tank 7 is buried.

  A first water quality meter 8 for detecting turbidity, chromaticity, odor and the like of river water flowing through the river 2 and detecting rainfall is disposed above the filtering unit 5. In the present invention, upstream of the water tank 7 in the river 2, turbidity, chromaticity, odor and the like of the river water flowing upstream from the water tank 7 in the river 2 are detected and the amount of rain is detected. The 2nd water quality meter 9 (refer FIG. 5) as a detection part is arrange | positioned.

  The inside of the water storage tank 7 is partitioned into a first water storage part 7a and a second water storage part 7b for storing filtered river water. Hereinafter, the 1st water storage part 7a and the 2nd water storage part 7b are mainly demonstrated about the 1st water storage part 7a about the same structure.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a plurality of first water collecting pipes 10 as first water collecting portions in the present invention that collect river water filtered by the filtering portion 5 are arranged on the upper surface of the water storage tank 7. Has been. These first water collecting pipes 10 are formed in a cylindrical shape having a plurality of pores 10 a formed on the peripheral surface, and are connected to an upper portion in the first water storage section 7 a via a water supply pipe 11. The water supply pipe 11 is provided with a first underwater electromagnetic valve 12 as a valve body in the present invention that can select opening and closing of the water supply pipe 11 and an adjustment valve 13 that can adjust the opening degree of the water supply pipe 11.

  For this reason, the water storage tank 7 collects the river water that has permeated the filtration unit 5 from above the water storage tank 7 with the first water collecting pipe 10 while the first submersible electromagnetic valve 12 opens the water supply pipe 11. It is possible to store the filtered river water in the first water reservoir 7a.

  Further, on the outer side of the lower part of the water tank 7, the river water filtered by the filter unit 5 is collected over the entire outer surface of the water tank 7 as the second water collecting part in the present invention. A plurality of second water collecting pipes 14 are arranged. These second water collecting pipes 14 are formed in a cylindrical shape having a plurality of pores 14 a formed on the peripheral surface, and are connected to the lower part in the first water storage part 7 a via the water supply pipe 15. The water supply pipe 15 is provided with a second underwater electromagnetic valve 16 as a valve body in the present invention that can select opening and closing of the water supply pipe 15 and an adjustment valve 17 that can adjust the opening degree of the water supply pipe 15.

  For this reason, the water storage tank 7 collects the river water that has permeated the filtration unit 5 from the side of the water storage tank 7 with the second water collection pipe 14 in a state where the second underwater electromagnetic valve 16 opens the water supply pipe 15. Thus, it is possible to store the filtered river water in the first water storage section 7a. In the water supply pipe 15 in the present embodiment, the check valve 18 prevents the river water stored in the first water storage section 7a from flowing back through the water supply pipe 15 and being discharged from the second water collection pipe 14 into the filtration section 5. Is provided.

  In addition, one end of a water supply pipe 19 is connected in the first water reservoir 7a. On one end side of the water supply pipe 19 disposed in the first water reservoir 7a, there is a third submersible electromagnetic valve 20 that can select the opening and closing of the water supply pipe 19, and an adjustment valve 21 that can adjust the opening of the water supply pipe 19. Is provided. As shown in FIG. 2, the other end of the water supply pipe 19 is connected to the water purification plant 6 provided on the downstream side of the water storage tank 7. One end of an air vent pipe 32 is connected downstream of the third submersible electromagnetic valve 20 and the regulating valve 21 in the water supply pipe 19. The other end of the air vent pipe 32 extends to the upper side of the river 2 through a manhole 25 described later.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, one end of a drain pipe 22 for discharging river water from the first water reservoir 7a is connected to the lowermost portion in the first water reservoir 7a. A drain valve 23 that can open and close the drain pipe 22 by an operator or the like is provided at a predetermined position of the drain pipe 22 outside the water storage tank 7. By operating the drain valve 23, the river water stored in the first water storage section 7a is drained from the other end (not shown) of the drain pipe 22 to the river or the like.

  Further, a water level meter 24 that constantly measures the water level in the first water storage unit 7a is attached to the first water storage unit 7a, and the upper part of the first water storage unit 7a is above the water level of the river. A manhole 25 is provided so as to protrude to the top. The upper end of the manhole 25 is normally closed by a lid (not shown), and the manhole 25 is provided in the drain pipe 22 when a worker or the like performs cleaning and maintenance work in the first water storage portion 7a. After draining the drainage valve 23 and draining the river water in the first water reservoir 7a, it is possible to enter the first water reservoir 7a via the manhole 25 by removing the lid.

  The worker who has entered the first water storage section 7a adjusts the opening of each of the adjustment valves 13, 17, 21 to adjust the first water storage section 7a from the first water collection pipe 10 and the second water collection pipe 14. The amount of river water supplied to the inside and the amount of river water supplied to the water purification plant 6 from the first water storage section 7a can be adjusted as appropriate.

  Next, the water purification plant 6 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the water purification plant 6 includes a water purification tank 26 to which the other end of the water supply pipe 19 described above is connected, and a controller 28 for controlling river water storage in the water storage tank 7 (see FIG. 5). And a management building 27 provided with

  Among these, although not shown in particular, the water purification tank 26 is a sedimentation basin that removes foreign matter that could not be filtered by the filtration unit 5 by precipitating minute foreign matter after chemical injection or stirring in river water. , A filter pond for filtering foreign matter that has grown to a size that can be filtered by chemical injection in the settling pond, and a river water filtered by the filter pond, storing the river water as drinking water, And a distribution reservoir that distributes water to general households.

  A water distribution tank 31 is connected to the water distribution pipe 29 via a bypass pipe 30. The water distribution tank 31 can store drinking water flowing through the water distribution pipe 29 via the bypass pipe 30. For this reason, at the time of the maintenance of the water purification tank 26 and the water distribution pipe 29, the water supply in the water distribution tank 31 is temporarily distributed to the general household, etc., thereby preventing the water outage in the general household. Yes.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the control unit 28 provided in the management building 27 includes each first submersible unit provided in the first water quality meter 8, the second water quality meter 9, the first water storage unit 7 a, and the second water storage unit 7 b. The water level in the first water reservoir 7a or the second water reservoir 7b is connected to the solenoid valve 12, the second submersible solenoid valve 16, the third submersible solenoid valve 20, and the water level gauge 24, respectively. And the first submersible solenoid valve 12, the second submersible solenoid valve 16, and the third submersible solenoid valve 20 according to the water quality of the river water flowing through the river 2 detected by the first water quality meter 8 and the second water quality meter 9. Opening and closing can be controlled.

  Specifically, the control unit 28 releases the first underwater solenoid valve 12, the second underwater solenoid valve 16, and the third underwater solenoid valve 20 to the river water storage and purification plant in the first water storage unit 7a. When the river water is supplied, the first submersible solenoid valve 12, the second submersible solenoid valve 16 and the third submersible solenoid valve 20 on the second reservoir 7b side are closed, and the second reservoir 7b is closed. River water is not stored. Incidentally, the water supply pipe 19 in this embodiment is such that even if the third underwater solenoid valve 20 is closed in this way, air is supplied into the water supply pipe 19 from the air vent pipe 32 whose other end extends above the river 2. By flowing in, it is prevented that a negative pressure is generated in the water supply pipe 19. For this reason, the negative pressure is generated in the water supply pipe 19 so that the water supply pipe 19 is not damaged.

  In this state, when it is detected that the quality of the river water flowing through the river exceeds at least one of the first water quality meter 8 and the second water quality meter 9, the control unit 28 performs the first water quality measurement. The first submersible solenoid valve 12, the second submersible solenoid valve 16, and the third submersible solenoid valve 20 of the water storage section 7a are closed, and the storage of river water in the first water storage section 7a is stopped.

  At this time, the river water once filtered by the filtering unit 5 peels off the residue remaining in the filtering unit 5 from the filtering unit 5 when the river water is filtered. To do. These filtrates are caused to flow downstream by the water flow of the river 2. That is, since the backwashing action acts on the filtration part 5, the filtration capability of the filtration part 5 can be recovered regardless of maintenance. When the water quality of the river water detected by the first water quality meter 8 and the second water quality meter 9 both falls within the allowable reference value, the control unit 28 again returns to the first underwater solenoid valve 12 and the second underwater solenoid. By releasing the valve 16 and the third underwater electromagnetic valve 20, the river water storage in the first water storage section 7a and the water supply to the water purification plant 6 are resumed.

  When the water level meter 24 detects the water level in the first water storage unit 7a as being above a certain level by supplying water to the water purification plant 6 while the river water storage in the first water storage unit 7a is stopped, the control unit 28 Determines that the first water reservoir 7a is full, closes the first underwater solenoid valve 12 and the second underwater solenoid valve 16, stops the storage of river water in the first water reservoir 7a, and supplies water. Continue to supply river water from the pipe 19 to the water treatment plant 6. When the water level gauge 24 detects that the water level in the first water storage unit 7a is below a certain level, the control unit 28 releases the first submersible electromagnetic valve 12 and the second submersible electromagnetic valve 16 to release the first water storage unit 7a. Resume river water storage.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, as described above, the water level gauge 24 detects that the water level in the first water storage section 7a is equal to or higher than a certain level, so that the first submersible electromagnetic valve 12 and the second submersible electromagnetic valve in the first water storage section 7a. Although the valve 16 was closed and the river water storage in the first water storage unit 7a was stopped, the first water storage valve 7a and the second submersible electromagnetic valve 16 in the first water storage unit 7a were closed at the same time as the second water storage unit. River water storage may be switched to the second water storage unit 7b by releasing the first submersible electromagnetic valve 12 and the second submersible electromagnetic valve 16 in 7b.

  In this case, after switching the river water storage to the water storage by the second water storage section 7b, the water supply pipe 19 is opened from the first water storage section 7a by opening the third submersible electromagnetic valve 20 in the first water storage section 7a. River water is supplied to the water purification tank 26 through the water supply. Further, with the first water storage section 7a almost empty, workers and the like enter the first water storage section 7a from the manhole 25 as described above, and perform cleaning and maintenance work in the first water storage section 7a. It can be carried out.

  As described above, in the water intake device in the present embodiment, the control unit 28 closes the first underwater electromagnetic valve 12 and the second underwater electromagnetic valve 16, so that the filtrate separated from the river water is filtered by the filtering unit 5. Since the back-washing action to peel off from the filter unit 5 is caused, even if the filtrate remains in the filter unit 5 by filtering the river water through the filter unit 5, the control unit 28 controls the first underwater solenoid valve 12 and the first submersible solenoid valve 12. (2) By closing the underwater solenoid valve 16 and stopping the river water storage to the first water storage part 7a or the second water storage part 7b, the river water is ejected from the filtration part 5 together with the filtrate as a backwash action. Since the filtered material can be flowed downstream of the river 2 by the water flow of the river 2, the filtration capacity of the river water in the filtration unit 5 is recovered without maintenance, etc., and the water tank 7 is not subjected to maintenance, etc. for a long period of time. Can be used for

  In addition, a second water quality meter 9 that detects the quality of the river water upstream of the water tank 7 in the river 2 is provided, and the control unit 28 allows the water quality of the river water detected by the second water quality meter 9 to be acceptable. If the reference value is exceeded, the first underwater solenoid valve 12 and the second underwater solenoid valve 16 are closed, so the control unit 28 confirms that the quality of the river water flowing from the upstream of the river 2 exceeds the allowable reference value. By detecting from the second water quality meter 9, the first underwater solenoid valve 16 and the second underwater solenoid valve 16 are closed so that river water whose water quality exceeds the permissible reference value does not enter the water tank 7. By flowing the river water whose water quality exceeds the allowable reference value downstream, the quality of the river water collected in the water storage tank 7 can be maintained at a certain standard.

  Moreover, since the water collection part is comprised from the 1st water collection pipe | tube 10 arrange | positioned at the upper part of the water storage tank 7, and the 2nd water collection pipe | tube 14 arrange | positioned at the side part of the water storage tank 7, it is 1st collection. By collecting not only the river water filtered above the water tank 7 by the water pipe 10 but also the river water filtered by the side of the water tank 7 by the second water collecting pipe 14, the water tank 7 can be efficiently collected. River water can be stored.

  The filtration unit 5 is composed of an upper natural stone layer 5a, a washed sand layer 5b, a rough sand layer 5c, a lower bean gravel layer 5d, and a gravel layer 5e, and river water is disposed at the lower part of the filtration unit 5. Since water is stored in the water storage tank 7 through a large number of pores 10a and 14a, the natural stone layer 5a, the sand washing layer 5b, the rough sand layer 5c, the bean gravel layer 5d, the boulder gravel layer 5e, and the first water collecting pipe of the filtration unit 5 River water with good water quality can be stored in the water tank 7 by three-stage filtration of the pores 10a and 14a in the 10 and the second water collecting pipe 14.

  Moreover, since the water tank 7 is buried upstream from the dam 1 provided in the river 2, the river water stored in the dam 1 is stored in the water tank 7 in a state where earth and sand are mixed. Therefore, river water with good water quality can be stored in the water tank 7 more reliably.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and modifications and additions within the scope of the present invention are included in the present invention. It is.

  For example, in the said Example, although the filtration part 5 was comprised from the natural stone layer 5a of the upper part, the sand-washing layer 5b, the rough sand layer 5c, the lower bean gravel layer 5d, and the gravel layer 5e, the water tank 7 is embed | buried. Depending on the turbidity, chromaticity, odor, etc. of the river water of the river 2, the natural stone layer 5a, the sand washing layer 5b, the rough sand layer 5c, the bean gravel layer 5d and the boulder gravel layer 5e constituting the filtration unit 5 are thinner. The filtration capacity of the filtration unit 5 may be adjusted as a layer or a thick layer.

  Moreover, in the said Example, the 1st submersible electromagnetic valve 12 which can select opening and closing of the water supply pipe 11 and the adjustment valve 13 which can adjust the opening degree of the water supply pipe 11 are provided in the water supply pipe 11, and the water supply pipe 15 is provided. A second submersible electromagnetic valve 16 capable of selecting opening / closing of the water supply pipe 15 and an adjustment valve 17 capable of adjusting the opening degree of the water supply pipe 15 are provided, and a third electromagnetic valve capable of selecting opening / closing of the water supply pipe 19 is provided in the water supply pipe 19. 20 and an adjustment valve 21 capable of adjusting the opening degree of the water supply pipe 19 are provided, and the first underwater electromagnetic valve 12, the second underwater electromagnetic valve 17, and the third underwater electromagnetic valve 20 are controlled to be opened and closed by the control unit 28. River water was stored in the water tank 7 and river water was supplied from the water tank 7 to the water purification tank 26. The water pipes 11 and 15 and the water pipe 19 were adjusted with the underwater solenoid valves 12, 16, and 20, respectively. Instead of the valves 13, 17 and 21, the control unit 28 can adjust the opening / closing amount freely. Mounting a reservoir of river water in water tank 7 may be more finely controlled water supply river water into purified water tank 26 from the water tank 7.

  In the embodiment, when it is detected that the quality of the river water flowing through the river exceeds one of the first water quality meter 8 and the second water quality meter 9, the control unit 28 Closes the first submersible solenoid valve 12, the second submersible solenoid valve 16 and the third submersible solenoid valve 20 of each water storage section 7a, 7b, and the residue remaining in the filtration section 5 by the backwashing action is placed downstream of the river 2. However, when the drinking water distributed to the general household is stored in the water distribution tank 31 with a sufficient margin, for example, the water quality detected by the first water quality meter 8 and the second water quality meter 9 Regardless of the amount of water used at night or the like, the third underwater solenoid valve 20 of each of the water storage units 7a, 7b is closed to fill the water storage units 7a, 7b with water. Backwashing action on the filtration tank 5 using river water penetrating into the filtration part 5 which could not be stored. It may be causing.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dam 2 River 4 River bottom 5 Filtration part 5a Natural stone layer 5b Washed sand layer 5c Rough sand layer 5d Bean gravel layer 5e Gravel layer 7 Water tank 9 Second water quality meter (detection part)
10 1st water collecting pipe (1st water collecting part)
10a Pore 12 First submersible solenoid valve (valve)
14 Second water collecting pipe (second water collecting section)
14a Pore 16 Second underwater solenoid valve (valve)
19 Water supply pipe 20 3rd submersible solenoid valve 26 Water purification tank 28 Control part

Claims (5)

A water tank buried at the bottom of the river, a filtration part that is provided around the water tank and separates and filters the filtrate from the river water by permeating the river water, and a river filtered by the filtration part A water collecting section for storing water in the water storage tank, a valve body for opening and closing the flow of river water from the water collecting section to the water storage tank, and a control section for performing opening and closing control of the valve body,
The water intake device in a river, wherein the control unit closes the valve body to cause a backwashing action in which the filtrate separated from the river water is separated from the filter unit in the filter unit.   A detection unit that detects the quality of river water upstream of the water storage tank in the river is provided, and the control unit detects the valve body when the quality of the river water detected by the detection unit exceeds an allowable reference value. The water intake device in a river according to claim 1, wherein the water intake device is closed.   The said water collection part is comprised from the 1st water collection part arrange | positioned at the upper part of the said water tank, and the 2nd water collection part arrange | positioned at the side part of the said water tank. Item 1. A water intake device in a river according to item 1 or 2.   The filtration unit includes an upper sand layer and a lower gravel layer, and the river water is stored in the water storage tank through a plurality of pores arranged at the lower part of the filtration unit. The water intake device in the river according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The water intake apparatus for a river according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the water storage tank is buried upstream of a dam provided in the river.

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