JP5540182B2 - Edge finishing tool and edge finishing method using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention belongs to a technical field related to an edge finishing tool using an electrolytic action and a polishing action, and a method for the same.

  When cutting or perforating a metal material or a resin material, burrs are generated as a cutting residual material of the member on the cut surface or the edge of the perforation outlet. If this burr remains, for example, in the inner diameter portion of the pipe, the fluid flow may be hindered, resulting in trouble with the equipment. In recent years, in particular, for high-precision precision parts, there has been a demand for technology for removing the burrs (commonly called “deburring”) and improving processing accuracy.

  Conventional deburring methods include a manual grinding method using a general grindstone or a file, and a method of removing with a grindstone body or a polishing belt body molded to a predetermined specification (for example, Patent Document 1). Alternatively, there is a shot blasting method (for example, Patent Document 2) performed by colliding a fine particle called a projection material.

  However, in any of these methods, the edge portion other than the burrs or the treated surface thereof becomes non-uniform at the same time as the removal of burrs, or the shape of the grindstone is transferred, resulting in machining. For this reason, although finishing time is required, it is difficult to control the chamfer dimension and to perform precise edge finishing, and there is a problem that it cannot be finished cleanly.

  In addition, the edge deburring method in normal drilling may be performed by reciprocating the polishing tool inserted from the opening. At that time, the burr is bent in the opposite direction without falling off. In many cases, secondary burrs called remained. Therefore, when deburring, there is a method (for example, Patent Documents 3, 4, and 5) in which a predetermined width is obliquely cut along the edge of the edge (so-called “chamfering”). More than a few minutes had to be removed, and it was not possible to finish with a sharp edge with a small edge radius of curvature (higher right angle), and it was tilted at right angles to the rotation axis. Although there are structures with cutting blades fixed to two surfaces in the same direction, the surface roughness increases because of the processing with the cutting blades, and smoother polishing is not possible. If burr occurs, it will be short-circuited when energized, and it will not be possible to use the electrolytic action together and it will not be possible to reliably remove burr, so these tools are used for corner (corner) machining. Sharp edge It was not suitable for raising.

  Furthermore, in addition to the deburring method by mechanical contact as described above, an electrolytic deburring method (for example, Patent Document 6) for the purpose of performing finer deburring and a smoother finish. An intended electropolishing apparatus (for example, Patent Document 7) is disclosed. In these electrolytic treatment methods, a predetermined shape electrode (-pole side) is placed close to the work piece (+ pole side) in the electrolyte solution in a non-contact state or in an insulating state to electrically melt the metal surface. It is a method to do.

  However, the deburring method using this electrolytic action is effective in a wide range of planes, but in a complicated shape including orthogonal corners, a high current part and a low current part are inevitably produced, and after processing The surface was inevitably uneven. For this reason, it was insufficient for high-definition edge finishing.

JP 2000-317794 A JP2000-127043 2-66901 JP-A-7-96403 JP 9-285909 A JP-A-62-251014 JP2008-264929

  As described above, the conventional deburring tools and methods have the following problems.

  Deburring by grinding with a grinding wheel has a problem that edge portions other than the burrs and the processing surface thereof are non-uniform at the same time, and the shape of the grinding stone is transferred to cause machining.

  Further, in the deburring polishing from one side of the surface sandwiching the edge, there is a problem that a slight amount of burr occurs, and complicated processing is required for complete removal.

  Furthermore, in order to avoid this burr, a chamfering process is possible, but there is also a problem that the chamfering width becomes larger than the burr root width, and it is difficult to finish in a sharp state with a small edge curvature radius.

  Furthermore, in Paris removal polishing by electrolytic action, the edges and protrusions that protrude sharply compared to the flat surface treatment inevitably generate high current portions and low current portions, and the surface after treatment is inevitable. Had occurred. For this reason, there existed a subject that it was inadequate for the finishing of a high-definition edge.

  In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes an edge finishing tool according to the present invention and an edge finishing method using the same as means for solving these problems.

  The present invention has the following configuration in order to solve the above-described problems.

  That is, it forms the appearance of a rotating body having two types of rotating surfaces that rotate coaxially, and the intersection angle between the buses of the two types of rotating surfaces is made to coincide with the ridge angle of the edge of the workpiece. In addition, the polishing tools are arranged at different phase positions on the respective rotating surfaces, and at least one side of these polishing tools is arranged so as to exceed the edge when contacting the edge. .

  Moreover, in addition to the process by the mechanical or physical contact by such a structure, the said 2 types of polishing tools are each arrange | positioned with electrical insulation supposing using an electrolytic action together.

  These polishing tools are arranged through elastic means such as a rubber material, an elastic resin material, and a flexible spring material.

  In particular, when the edge is a right angle, each rotation plane is configured with an intersection angle between the buses as a right angle.

  In addition, in order to smoothly perform the electrolytic action, a liquid reservoir portion of the electrolytic solution is formed on the rotating base, and a pipe line penetrating through the rotating body for continuously supplying the electrolytic solution to the vicinity of the polishing tool from here The supply port is formed at an appropriate position.

  Furthermore, the number of polishing tools disposed on each rotating surface is not limited to one, and a plurality of polishing tools may be disposed at axially symmetric positions.

  Thus, the edge finish polishing method, in the configuration from claim 2, is energized with the edge finishing tool as the negative electrode and the workpiece as the positive electrode, and the electrolyte is infiltrated into the position to be polished, The edge finishing process is performed by simultaneously or alternately performing a mechanical contact polishing action and an electropolishing action.

  By taking the above-described configuration of the present invention, the following excellent effects can be achieved.

  According to the configuration of the first aspect, by disposing the polishing tool on each of the two types of rotating surfaces while shifting the phase, it is possible to perform processing on both sides of the edge by fixed position rotation and reciprocate in the axial direction. By doing so, it is possible to effectively and efficiently remove secondary burrs called Paris and burr generated at the edge portion. In addition, since at least one side of the polishing tool is disposed at a position exceeding the edge when contacting the edge, this and the arrangement shifted in phase combine with each other so that the sharp shape with a small curvature radius can be obtained without transferring the shape of the edge. Can be finished. Therefore, sharp finishing of the edge can be performed in a shorter time and more efficiently than the conventional method in the case of performing the same processing.

  In addition, when performing general electrolytic processing, since a passive film is formed on the surface of the work piece where it is difficult for electricity to flow, electrolysis concentrates on the edge portion, and only the edge portion is rounded. However, by adding the configuration of claim 2, since the electrolytic processing is performed while rubbing with a polishing tool, the processing can be performed before the passive film is formed on the surface. As a result, electrolytic processing can be performed on the area rubbed with the polishing tool, so that electrolysis does not concentrate on the edge portion, and a sharp edge can be finished.

  By interposing an elastic means in the polishing tool according to claim 3, it is possible to eliminate uncertainties of deburring due to the process of electrolytic polishing and to perform finer deburring processing and smooth planar processing. And can be finished efficiently.

  According to the structure of Claim 4, the process of the opening edge which carried out the drilling process can be performed at a right angle to a deburring. Details will be described in the description of Examples below.

  Furthermore, according to the structure of Claim 5, an electrolyte solution can be appropriately supplied to a process position and an electrolysis can be performed more effectively with few electrolyte solutions.

  According to the configuration described in claim 6, since a plurality are arranged at an axially symmetric position on one rotational surface, in addition to effective processing, the rotational contact pressure is kept constant by preventing the rotational shaft from wobbling. There is an effect that can be.

  By adopting the construction method described in claims 7 and 8, it is possible to achieve efficient and effective processing of edge deburring and polishing supported by the above-described effects.

It is the perspective view which looked up and showed the external appearance form of the present Example tool. It is the perspective view which stared and showed the external appearance form of the present Example tool. It is a bottom view of a present Example tool. It is a top view which shows the example of the elastic means of the polishing tool of a present Example tool. It is a partial cross section figure which showed the state which inserted the present Example tool in the drilling object of a process target. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which the tool of this embodiment is inserted into a drilling target to be processed in a state rotated by 90 degrees from the state of FIG. 3. It is a perspective view which shows the application example of a present Example tool. It is a perspective view which shows the other example of a form of a present Example tool, and its application example.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1 and 2 show the appearance of an edge finishing tool (hereinafter abbreviated as “tool of the present application”) as an embodiment of the invention according to the present application (hereinafter referred to as “this embodiment”). It is the shown perspective view. As shown in the drawing, the external form of the present application tool is a rotating body. The rotating body Ta is formed of a conductive material, and has a rotating base 1 formed in a columnar shape (a columnar shape in this embodiment) with a comparative major axis, and a central portion on one end side of the rotating base 1 ( It has a comparatively small-diameter shaft column 2 (in the present embodiment, a cylindrical shape) that protrudes from the shaft core in the axial extension direction, and the other end side (upper side in the drawing) has a rotational force of an external drive source such as a motor. Is formed.

  Here, the rotation surface 11 (abbreviated as “base rotation surface”) on the shaft column body 2 side (lower side in the drawing) of the rotation base 1 and the rotation that becomes the side peripheral surface of the shaft column body 2. The surface 21 (abbreviated as “axial column rotation surface”) means two rotation surfaces defined in the claims.

  In this embodiment, the bus mr of the base rotation surface 11 is set perpendicular to the rotation axis C, and the bus ma of the shaft column rotation surface 21 is parallel to the rotation axis C. The crossing angle θ between the buses mr and ma is 90 degrees, which are orthogonal.

  A cutout portion 12 having a predetermined width is formed on the base rotation surface 11 so that the vicinity of the base of the shaft column 2 is retracted from the base rotation surface 11. Further, a bowl-like liquid reservoir 13 for temporarily storing the electrolyte to be used is formed on the end surface (the upper surface in the drawing) of the rotary base 1 on the opposite side of the notch 12. Furthermore, the rotary base 1 is formed with a conduit 14 (two in the embodiment) that leads from the liquid reservoir 13 to the notch 12.

  In addition, the supply port 15 of this pipe line 14 is not limited to the bottom part of the notch part 12, and you may make it arrange | position an appropriate number in the appropriate location of the base rotation surface 11. FIG.

  Next, the arrangement of the polishing tool, which is one of the main components of the present invention, will be described.

  The polishing tool is disposed on each of the two types of rotating surfaces described above, and includes a polishing tool 4 (abbreviated as “base polishing tool”) disposed on the base rotating surface 11 and a shaft. It comprises a polishing tool 5 (abbreviated as “axial column polishing tool”) disposed on the column rotating surface 21. The base polishing tool 4 and the axial column polishing tool 5 are intended for physical contact with the workpiece O by surface contact or line contact. As the polishing members 41 and 51 that are in direct contact with the workpiece O, an existing polishing material such as a planar or linear surface file or a grindstone may be appropriately selected and set according to the processing specifications. Further, these polishing members 41 and 51 are elastic means 42 and 52 such as an elastic material such as a rubber material, a leaf spring or a cantilevered spring material in order to give elasticity when contacting the processing surface (polishing surface). (For example, the specification shown in FIG. 4). Further, the arrangement of these polishing tools 4 and 5 is attached in an electrically insulated state from the respective rotating surfaces 11 and 21. As a result, the rotating body Ta formed of the conductive material and the polishing members 41 and 51 are electrically insulative. As a result, even if the rotating body Ta is energized in the electrolytic action described later, the polishing members 41 and 51 are not conducted, and the workpiece O formed of a conductive material (metal material) is energized as a counter electrode. Also, a short circuit between the rotating body Ta and the workpiece O is avoided.

  Moreover, the positional relationship on the rotation of the base polishing tool 4 and the axial column polishing tool 5 is arranged to have a different phase. That is, both polishing tools 4 and 5 rotate synchronously on the same axis, but in this embodiment, the period is set to be shifted by 90 degrees. A plurality of polishing tools 4 and 5 on each rotating surface are arranged at axially symmetric positions while maintaining different phases. In the present embodiment shown in the figure, two pieces are arranged at positions facing each other across the axis.

  Furthermore, the arrangement of the shaft column polishing tool 5 on the shaft column rotating surface 21 is not in contact with at least the intersection position x between the base rotating surface 11 and the shaft column rotating surface 21 (in fact, since there is a notch 12). ) To the axial extension direction (downward in the drawing) along the axis. This is so that the base polishing tool 4 and the shaft column polishing tool 5 are brought into contact with both surfaces sandwiching the edge e without moving the rotary body Ta in the same cycle. However, since the phases are different, the edges e are not simultaneously touched.

  Further, at least one side of each of the polishing tools 4 and 5 (in this embodiment, the axial column polishing tool 5) is disposed so as to exceed the edge e when contacting the surface sandwiching the edge e. In other words, the shaft column polishing tool 5 is disposed below from the position where the horizontal polishing position of the base polishing tool 4 which is the horizontal position in the drawing, or a position slightly extended above this position.

  Next, the operation of the tool according to the present embodiment having the above-described configuration and the construction method thereof will be described in the case where the workpiece O is applied to the edge e cut and drilled with a drill or the like.

  First, an external rotational driving means (not shown) such as a motor is directly connected to the input shaft 3 of the rotating body Ta or linked by a belt, a gear or the like to transmit the rotational force. The rotational speed of the rotating body Ta at this time is set to about 10 times / second. In this state, the shaft column body 2 constituting the rotating body Ta is inserted into the drilled hole h of the workpiece by moving in the vertical direction (axial direction) on the drawing, and the shaft column polishing tool 5 is attached to the inner surface of the drilled h. Polishing is performed in contact with (see FIG. 5). Since this axial column grinder 5 is attached via elastic means 52 such as rubber or a spring, it rotates in contact with a constant pressing force, and the inner surface side which is one side of both surfaces constituting the edge e together with the removal of the burr b Will be polished.

  Further, it is inserted into the perforation h, and the base polishing tool 4 is brought into rotational contact with the burr b formed at the edge e of the perforation h to be removed and polished. At this time, the burr b may not be completely removed but may cause burr burr on the inner surface side, but this will be removed by rotational contact with the axial column polishing tool 5.

  By repeating this up and down movement of the rotating body Ta an appropriate number of times, the fine burr generated by one processing of the edge e can be completely removed. In addition, since polishing is also performed, the radius of curvature of the edge e can be reduced, and a sharp edge e having a smaller surface roughness and a smoother surface can be obtained. In the present embodiment, processing with an edge e curvature radius of 11 μm and a surface roughness of 1.3 μm Rz (maximum height) is possible.

  Further, the workpiece O is energized with the positive electrode side and the rotating body Ta as the negative electrode side, and the electrolyte stored in the liquid reservoir 13 of the rotating body Ta is supplied from the supply port 15 through the conduit 14. It is supplied to the polishing tools 4 and 5 and infiltrated. Thereby, the fine edge e can be melted and removed completely by electrolytic action, and the smoothness can be further improved.

  The reason why the polishing tools 4 and 5 are arranged in an electrically insulated state in the above-described configuration is to use this electrolytic action. That is, the physical contact polishing action by the polishing tools 4 and 5 and the electropolishing action by energization are used in combination by providing the opposite electrodes to the workpiece O and the rotating body Ta made of a metal material and energizing them. This makes it possible to achieve a more precise finish of the edge e. In other words, the main relatively large burrs b are removed by this physical polishing and electrolytic polishing, and fine burrs and burr (which are rough to the touch by hand) are dissolved by electrolytic action. In addition, the burr b is efficiently and surely removed in a short time, and the edge surface having higher smoothness is finished.

  Moreover, in the said Example, although the case where the axial column body 2 was used for the oral perforation h which fits with a predetermined | prescribed clearance gap was demonstrated, not only this but the polishing tool which concerns on this application was illustrated in FIG. Thus, the present invention can also be applied to the edge e of other forms such as a rectangular parallelepiped Oa and a large-diameter annular body Ob (doughnut-shaped body).

  Furthermore, in the said Example, the base rotation surface 11 and the axial-column rotation surface 21 are comprised by making the intersection angle (theta) of the bus | baths of a rotation surface into 90 degree | times. In other words, in the above-described embodiment, the edge e having a right angle is an object to be processed. Therefore, the rotary base 1 is formed in a disk shape in which the base rotary surface 11 is a flat surface. You may form in the truncated cone (or truncated cone) in which the base rotation surface 11 becomes a curved surface. With this configuration, it is possible to finish the edge e (corner portion) of the columnar body Oc having a polygonal cross section (a pentagon in the drawing) as shown in FIG. In this case, the intersection angle θ between the two kinds of buses mr and ma is in an obtuse angle range (90 ° <θ <180 °). When the intersecting angle θ is an acute angle range (0 ° <θ <90 °), the position of the tip of the pin-like body having a tip having a conical tip is determined in the positional relationship between the two types of rotating surfaces 11 and 21. Although it can be applied to the polishing finish, it cannot be applied to a continuous linear edge e.

  The edge finishing tool according to this application uses precision equipment, hydraulic systems, transportation equipment, food-related parts, difficult-to-cut materials, etc. that can impair the function and safety even with fine burrs that have strict quality standards. It can be widely used in jet engines, nuclear power generation, chemical plant equipment that is difficult to deburr, and industries that process complex shapes, microscopic parts, and so on.

Ta Rotating body 1 Rotating base 11 Base rotating surface mr Bus (~ of base rotating surface)
12 Notch 2 Axis column body 21 Axis column rotation surface ma Busbar (~ of axis column rotation surface)
θ Intersection angle between bus lines 3 Input shaft 4 Base polishing tool 41 Polishing member 42 Elastic means 5 Axle column polishing tool 51 Polishing member 52 Elastic means O Work piece e Edge h Drilling s Inner circumferential surface b Burr Tb Rotating body in other form Oa cuboid Ob large-diameter annular body Oc columnar body

Claims (8)

  A rotating body provided with two types of rotating surfaces that rotate coaxially, wherein the intersecting angle between the generatrixes of the two types of rotating surfaces coincides with the ridge angle of the edge of the workpiece, and each rotating surface An edge finish characterized by having polishing tools arranged at different phase positions, and at least one side of these polishing tools being positioned so as to exceed the edge when contacting the edge. tool.   The edge finishing tool according to claim 1, wherein each of the polishing tools is disposed with electrical insulation.   The edge finishing tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein either or both of the polishing tools are attached via elastic means.   The edge finishing tool according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the intersection angle between the bus bars and the sandwiching angle between the edges are right angles.   5. The edge finishing tool according to claim 1, wherein a pipe line for supplying an electrolytic solution to the vicinity of the polishing tool is formed so as to penetrate the rotating body.   The edge finishing tool according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, wherein a plurality of polishing tools on each rotating surface are arranged in axisymmetric manner.   Using the edge finishing tool according to claim 1, each polishing tool in which the surfaces sandwiching the edge of the workpiece are arranged at different phase positions and at least at one side exceeding the edge when contacting the edge, An edge finishing method characterized by deburring and polishing the edge by bringing it into contact.   Using the edge finishing tool according to any one of claims 2 to 6, the polishing tool is energized with a negative electrode and a workpiece as a positive electrode, and an electrolytic solution is infiltrated into a position to be polished to make physical contact. An edge finishing method characterized by deburring and polishing an edge by applying a polishing action and an electropolishing action simultaneously or alternately.

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