JP5554504B2 - Waste volume reduction device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a volume reduction technique for waste containing harmful substances, for example, waste materials such as inorganic heat insulating materials generated from nuclear facilities, waste containing asbestos, etc. It is.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a device for reducing the volume of waste materials such as inorganic heat insulating materials generated from nuclear facilities, a device for reducing the volume of crushed waste and enclosing it in a drum can is known.
For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a conveyor for transferring a drum can between a standby position and a working position, a pallet installed on the conveyor so as to receive the bottom of the drum can, and an upper portion of the drum can at the working position. A plurality of vertically moving cylinders, a frame supporting the cylinders, a plate attached to the lower end of each cylinder, and a storage bag with a check valve accommodated in a drum can, An apparatus is disclosed in which volume reduction processing is performed by lowering one or more of the cylinders after being stored in the storage bag in a drum can and discharging air from the storage bag.
Patent Document 2 discloses a device for crushing and reducing the volume of the heat-retaining material before crushing, putting the waste material in a cylinder, compressing it with a press head, reducing the volume, and storing the bag in a bag. ing.

JP 2000-59893 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-323798

However, all of the apparatuses are large-sized apparatuses having apparatuses such as a “conveyor”, a “pallet”, a “cylinder”, and a “press”, and it cannot be said that workability is good.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a novel waste volume reduction device and a waste volume reduction method by solving the problems of conventional devices.

In order to achieve the above object, the first invention is a waste for reducing the volume of radioactive waste, asbestos-containing waste, or waste that may be radioactive waste or asbestos-containing waste as a volume reduction target. It is a volume reduction device, and the volume reduction object enclosed in the packing material is input as it is, and the volume reduction object is packed by an operation from outside the space without directly contacting the space where the volume reduction object is inserted. A charging section for extracting from the material, a compression / volume reduction section for compressing / reducing the volume reduction object with a compressor, a bagging section for bagging the volume reduction object compressed / reduced with a bagging machine, A conveyor system is provided between the charging unit and the compression / volume reduction unit, and between the compression / volume reduction unit and the bagging unit, and a series of systems from the charging unit to the bagging unit are in a sealed / negative pressure state. with some, such components constituting a volume reduction device is capable of transportation and movement is divided and separated It is waste volume reduction device according to claim being standing freely connected.
A second invention is Rutotomoni includes a crushing unit for crushing the volume reduction object with crusher during the compression and compacting unit and the input unit, the crushing unit in place between the insertion portion and the compression and volume reduction unit and A waste volume reducing device comprising a conveyor-type transfer device between compression and volume reducing portions .
A third invention is the waste volume reducing device characterized in that a magnet is provided in the charging portion.

The present invention has the following effects.
(1) The waste volume reducing device according to the present invention includes an “input part”, “compression / volume reduction part”, “packing part” (or “input part”, “crushing part”, and “compression / volume reduction part”. ”And“ packing part ”) are integrally connected, so that the volume reduction processing of waste can be continuously processed.
(2) In the waste volume reducing device according to the present invention, since the series of systems from the “input part” to the “packing part” is in a sealed / negative pressure state, the volume reduction object may come into contact with the outside air. In addition, the volume reduction of waste can be performed safely and reliably (the risk of contamination around the device is extremely low).
(3) Especially, since the “loading part” and “packing part” are maintained in a negative pressure state (with a dust collector), the input / extraction doors are opened to input / extract waste. However, dust does not scatter.
(4) Since the structure of the waste volume reduction device is simple and does not include heavy equipment (equipment) in the configuration, the volume reduction device can be reduced in size and weight.
(5) Constitution of the waste volume reduction device Since each part (device) is connected so as to be freely assembled, it can be divided and moved for each part (device), and the transportation and installation of the device becomes extremely easy.
(6) Since the waste volume reduction device has a small electric capacity, no special power supply facility is required.
(7) By providing a magnet (magnet) in the charging part, it is possible to remove iron scraps and the like other than the volume reduction object contained in the packing material.

The schematic diagram which shows the waste volume reduction apparatus which concerns on this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the waste volume reduction method which concerns on this invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a waste volume reducing device according to the present invention.
The waste volume reducing device 10 is a device for reducing the volume of waste containing harmful substances or waste that may contain harmful substances as a volume reduction target. Its structure consists of "input part", "crushing part (crusher)", "compression / volume reduction part (compressor)", "packing part (bagging machine)", "screw conveyor" and "dust collector". They are integrally connected. In this embodiment, an inorganic heat insulating material (hereinafter referred to as “heat insulating material”) generated from a nuclear facility or the like will be described as a waste to be reduced in volume.

  First, the charging unit 20 is a charging destination of the heat insulating material 70. With the heat insulating material 70 being packed in the packing material 71, the door 21 of the input unit 20 is opened, and the heat input material 70 is input into the input unit 20 from the input port 22 provided on the side surface. Then, after the door 21 is closed, the introduced heat insulating material 70 is unpacked in the input portion 20 and divided into a heat insulating material 70 and a packing material 71.

  At this time, since the inside of the charging unit 20 is a sealed space and is controlled to a negative pressure state by the dust collector 60, the dust of the heat insulating material 70 is not scattered outside the charging unit 20, and safety is maintained. . Further, the work of unpacking the heat insulating material 70 is performed by using a glove-like working means 23 and a viewing window 24 that extend into the input portion 20 provided in the input portion 20 and a space (input portion) where the heat insulating material 70 is input. 20) and is performed by an operation from outside the space.

In addition, in the insertion part 20, it is good to provide a magnet (magnet) in the bottom plate part (illustration omitted). In some cases, the packing material 71 is mixed with iron scraps and the like together with the heat insulating material 70. For this reason, by providing a magnet in the charging unit 20, it is possible to remove iron scraps and the like that obstruct the volume reduction process when the heat insulating material 70 is unpacked in the charging unit 20.
In addition, a device for collecting the unpacked packing material 71 may be attached to the input unit 20 (not shown). For example, a structure in which the used packaging material 71 is collected by attaching a plastic bag for bag collection to the lower portion of the loading port 22 of the loading unit 20 can be considered.

  A lower portion of the charging unit 20 is a crushing unit 25, and a crusher (not shown) is arranged. By this crusher, the heat insulating material 70 put in the charging unit 20 is crushed and can be efficiently compressed by the next compressor. Therefore, the crushing process by the crusher is unnecessary if the waste to be reduced in volume can be efficiently compressed only by the compressor. Since the charging unit 20 and the crushing unit 25 are sealed spaces and are controlled to a negative pressure state by the dust collector 60, the dust of the heat insulating material 70 is not scattered outside the charging unit 20 and the crushing unit 25 even by the crushing operation. Safety is maintained.

The heat insulating material 70 crushed in the crushing unit 25 is conveyed to the compression / volume reduction unit 30 by a conveyor-type conveyance device 50 such as a screw conveyor, and is compressed / reduced by a compressor (not shown). In the compressor, the heat insulating material 70 is compressed / reduced using a known means such as a roller. Since this compression / volume reduction part 30 is also a sealed space and is controlled to a negative pressure state by the dust collector 60, the dust of the heat insulating material 70 is not scattered outside the compression / volume reduction part 30 even by the compression work, and is safe. Sex is preserved.

The heat insulating material 70 compressed / reduced in the compression / volume reduction unit 30 is conveyed to the bagging unit 40 by the conveyor-type transfer device 50 and is packed by the bagging machine. Since the inside of the bagging unit 40 is controlled to a negative pressure state by the dust collector 60, the compressed and reduced heat retaining material 70 is only packed into the packing material 72 swelled by the negative pressure state. It does not scatter outside and safety is maintained. The heat insulating material 70 (calcium silicate plate) treated in this way is reduced in volume to about 1/4 before the treatment and packed. Further, if the waste is made of rock wool, the volume is reduced to about 1/10 of that before the treatment and the bag is packed.

The waste volume reducing device 10 having the above-described structure is composed of each of the “input section”, “crushing section”, “compression / volume reduction section”, “packing section”, “conveyor type transporter” and the like. Since the “dust collector” is integrally connected, volume reduction processing of the volume reduction object can be performed continuously.
In addition, because the series of systems from the “loading unit” to the “packing unit” is in a sealed and negative pressure state, the volume reduction target is not exposed to the outside air, and the volume reduction processing of waste is safe and reliable. (There is very little risk of contamination around the equipment).
In addition, when transporting (moving) or when not in use, each component can be divided and separated, and since each device is small and lightweight, work efficiency is high and transport and movement are extremely easy. Yes, easy to store and manage.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a waste volume reducing method according to the present invention.
The waste volume reducing method according to the present invention is a process shown in FIGS.
FIG. 2 (a) shows an input process in which the volume reduction object packed in the input part that is the input destination of the volume reduction object is input and the volume reduction object is taken out.
FIG. 2B is a crushing step for crushing the volume reduction object that has been input to the input unit.
FIG. 2C shows a compression / volume reduction process in which the volume reduction object crushed in the crushing section is compressed / volume- reduced.
FIG. 2D shows a bagging process for bagging the volume reduction object compressed by the compression / volume reduction unit.
If the crushing step in FIG. 2 (b) is unnecessary depending on the material of the volume reduction object to be volume-reduced, the compression in FIG. 2 (c) is performed after the charging step in FIG. 2 (a). ・ You may be in the volume reduction process.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be widely used as a waste volume reduction technique for reducing the volume of waste containing hazardous substances or the possibility of containing hazardous substances as volume reduction objects. Examples of the volume reduction object include the following.
(1) Radioactive waste (2) Asbestos-containing waste (3) Others

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Waste volume reduction apparatus 20 Input part 21 Door 22 Input port 23 Working means 24 Viewing window 25 Crushing part 30 Compression and volume reduction part 40 Packing part 50 Conveyor type conveyance machine 60 Dust collector 70 Thermal insulation material (volume reduction object) 71 Packing material 72 Packing material

Claims (3)

A waste volume reduction device for reducing the volume of radioactive waste or asbestos-containing waste or waste that may be radioactive waste or asbestos-containing waste as a volume reduction target,
An input unit that directly inputs the volume reduction object enclosed in the packaging material and removes the volume reduction object from the packaging material by an operation from outside the space without directly contacting the space into which the volume reduction object is charged, A compression / volume reduction unit that compresses and reduces the volume to be reduced with a compressor, a bagging unit that packs a volume reduction object that has been compressed and reduced by a bagging machine, and a charging unit and compression / volume reduction. A conveyor-type transport device between the parts and between the compression / volume reduction part and the bagging part ,
A series of systems from the charging unit to the bagging unit are in a hermetically sealed / negative pressure state, and each part constituting the volume reducing device is assembled and connected so that it can be divided and separated for transportation and movement. Waste volume reduction device characterized by It includes a crushing unit for crushing the volume reduction object with crusher during the compression and compacting unit and the input unit Rutotomoni, the crushing part and the compression and volume reduction unit in place between the insertion portion and the compression and volume reduction unit The waste volume reducing device according to claim 1 , further comprising a conveyor type conveying device therebetween.   The waste volume reducing device according to claim 1, wherein a magnet is provided in the charging portion.

Images