JP5559838B2 - 金属錯体を含むキャリア阻止層を有する有機発光デバイス - Google Patents
金属錯体を含むキャリア阻止層を有する有機発光デバイス Download PDFInfo
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Description
Mは金属原子であり、
XはN又はCX’(式中、X’はH、C1〜C20アルキル、C2〜C40モノ−もしくはポリアルケニル、C2〜C40モノ−もしくはポリアルキニル、C3〜C8シクロアルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、アラルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、又はハロである)であり、
AはCH、CX’、N、P、P(=O)、アリール又はヘテロアリールであり、
R1及びR2はそれぞれ独立に、H、C1〜C20アルキル、C2〜C40アルケニル、C2〜C40アルキニル、C3〜C8シクロアルキル、アリール、アラルキル、又はハロであり、又は
R1及びR2は、これらが結合している炭素原子と共に、連結して縮合したC3〜C8シクロアルキル又はアリール基を形成し、
R3はH、C1〜C20アルキル、C2〜C40アルケニル、C2〜C40アルキニル、C3〜C8シクロアルキル、アリール、アラルキル、又はハロであり、
nは1〜5である]
を含む少なくとも1つの阻止層を含む発光デバイスを提供する。いくつかの実施形態では、MはAl又はGaである。他の実施形態では、R1とR2は結合して縮合フェニル基を形成する。他の実施形態ではAはNである。
Mは金属原子であり、
XはN又はCX’(式中、X’はH、C1〜C20アルキル、C2〜C40モノ−もしくはポリアルケニル、C2〜C40モノ−もしくはポリアルキニル、C3〜C8シクロアルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、アラルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、又はハロである)であり、
AはCH、CX’、N、P、P(=O)、アリール又はヘテロアリールであり、
R1及びR2はそれぞれ独立に、H、C1〜C20アルキル、C2〜C40アルケニル、C2〜C40アルキニル、C3〜C8シクロアルキル、アリール、アラルキル、もしくはハロであり、又は
R1及びR2は、これらを結合している炭素原子と共に、連結して縮合したC3〜C8シクロアルキル又はアリール基を形成し、
R3はH、C1〜C20アルキル、C2〜C40アルケニル、C2〜C40アルキニル、C3〜C8シクロアルキル、アリール、アラルキル、又はハロであり、
nは1〜5である]
の金属錯体が含まれる。
Mは金属原子であり、
XはN又はCX’(式中、X’はH、C1〜C20アルキル、C2〜C40モノ−もしくはポリアルケニル、C2〜C40モノ−もしくはポリアルキニル、C3〜C8シクロアルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、アラルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、又はハロである)であり、
R1及びR2はそれぞれ独立に、H、C1〜C20アルキル、C2〜C40アルケニル、C2〜C40アルキニル、C3〜C8シクロアルキル、アリール、アラルキル、もしくはハロであり、又は
R1及びR2は、これらを結合している炭素原子と共に、連結して縮合したC3〜C8シクロアルキル又はアリール基を形成し、
R3はH、C1〜C20アルキル、C2〜C40アルケニル、C2〜C40アルキニル、C3〜C8シクロアルキル、アリール、アラルキル、又はハロである]
を有していてよい。
以下の表はUPSに基づくHOMOエネルギー、キャリアギャップ(サイクリックボルタンメトリー)及びLUMOエネルギーを示す。吸収バンドエッジも示す。すべての錯体が完全に可逆的な酸化及び還元波を有している。錯体の構造を図1に示す。
Synlett、1999年、第1巻、45頁(その全体を参照により本明細書に援用する。)により、化合物、2−(4,6−ジフルオロフェニル)ピリジンを、Pd(OAc)2/PPh3触媒及びK2CO3塩基を用いて1,2−ジメトキシエタン中で4,6−ジフルオロフェニルボロン酸(Frontier Chemical)と2−ブロモピリジン(Aldrich)とを鈴木カップリングさせて調製した。
Ir(acac)3を、グリセロール中の6当量の2−(4,6−ジフルオロフェニル)ピリジンで、不活性ガス雰囲気下、180℃で16時間処理した。室温に冷却後、粗生成物を沈殿させるために反応混合物に水を加えた。減圧下で溶媒を除去し、粗製黄色生成物をメタノールで洗浄した。シリカ:ジクロロメタンカラムを用いて粗生成物をフラッシュクロマトグラフィーにかけ、溶媒を蒸発させ乾燥した後、高純度の黄色のfac−トリス(2−(4,6−ジフルオロフェニル)ピリジナート−N,C2’)イリジウム(III)生成物を約75%の収率で得た。
IrCl3−H2O又は他の任意のIr(III)種を含むすべての手順を不活性ガス中で実施した。IrCl3・nH2Oと4当量の2−(4,6−ジフルオロフェニル)ピリジンの2−エトキシエタノール中の混合物を130℃で16時間加熱した。水を加えて、続いてろ過しメタノールで洗浄して、生成物を単離し90%の収率を得た。
錯体[(2−(4,6−ジフルオロフェニル)ピリジル)2IrCl]2を2当量のピコリン酸と一緒に、不活性ガス下で1,2−ジクロロエタン中で還流させながら、16時間処理した。室温に冷却後、溶媒を減圧下で除去し、黄色の粗生成物をメタノールで洗浄し、すべての未反応ピコリン酸を除去した。シリカ:ジクロロメタンカラムを用いて、粗生成物をフラッシュクロマトグラフィーにかけ、溶媒を蒸発させ乾燥した後、高純度の黄色生成物を75%の収率で得た。
ピロール−2−カルボキシアルデヒド(1.430g、15ミリモル、100mL)のメタノール溶液を、トリス(2−アミノエチル)アミン(0.720g、5ミリモル、10mL)のメタノール溶液に加えて、配位子[(((ピロール−2−イル)メチリデン)アミノ)エチル]アミンを調製した。得られた黄色の溶液を室温で30分間撹拌した。硝酸ガリウム(III)水和物(1.280g、5ミリモル、150mL)のメタノール溶液をその配位子溶液に加え、室温で30分間撹拌した。溶液をろ過し、結晶化が起きるまで環境温度で静置した。次いで粗製物質を235℃で昇華させた。
ワイドギャップマトリックス中にドープされたFIrpicからなる正孔阻止層を含むデバイスを作製した。これらのドープされた層は、高純度のIr錯体からできている層より少ないIr錯体を含有し、また長期安定性の利点を有している。この方法の詳細を以下に示す。
FIrpicでドープされたOPCOTを含む正孔阻止材料を有するデバイス、及び従来の正孔阻止材料を有する比較デバイスの、効率と作動電圧を以下の表にまとめる。
Claims (12)
- 次式:
[式中、
Mは金属原子であり、
XはN又はCX’(式中、X’はH、C1〜C20アルキル、C2〜C40モノ−もしくはポリアルケニル、C2〜C40モノ−もしくはポリアルキニル、C3〜C8シクロアルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、アラルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、又はハロである)であり、
AはCH、CX’、N、P、P(=O)、アリール又はヘテロアリールであり、
R1及びR2はそれぞれ独立に、H、C1〜C20アルキル、C2〜C40アルケニル、C2〜C40アルキニル、C3〜C8シクロアルキル、アリール、アラルキル、若しくはハロであり、又はR1及びR2は、これらが結合している炭素原子と共に、連結して縮合したC3〜C8シクロアルキル又はアリール基を形成し、
R3はH、C1〜C20アルキル、C2〜C40アルケニル、C2〜C40アルキニル、C3〜C8シクロアルキル、アリール、アラルキル、又はハロであり、
nは1〜5である]
の化合物を含む少なくとも1つの電子阻止層を含む発光デバイス。 - MがAl又はGaである請求項1に記載の発光デバイス。
- R1とR2が結合して縮合フェニル基を形成している請求項1又は2に記載の発光デバイス。
- AがNである請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の発光デバイス。
- 発光層と電子阻止層を含む発光デバイスであって、前記層のそれぞれが陽極側と陰極側を有し、前記発光層の前記陽極側が前記電子阻止層の前記陰極側と接触しており、前記電子阻止層が、前記発光層のLUMOエネルギーレベルより高いLUMOエネルギーレベルを有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の発光デバイス。
- 前記電子阻止層が、前記発光層のHOMOエネルギーレベルより200meV低いHOMOエネルギーレベルを有する請求項5に記載の発光デバイス。
- 前記発光層が、発光材料でドープされたホスト材料を含む請求項5に記載の発光デバイス。
- 前記金属錯体のHOMOエネルギーレベルが、前記発光層のHOMOエネルギーレベルより200meV低い請求項5に記載の発光デバイス。
- 発光デバイス中で正孔を発光層に閉じ込める方法であって、前記発光層が陽極側と陰極側を含み、前記デバイスが前記発光層の前記陰極側に隣接した阻止層を含み、前記阻止層が、前記発光層のHOMOエネルギーレベルより低いHOMOエネルギーレベルを有しかつワイドバンド・ギャップ有機マトリックス中にドープされた少なくとも1種の六配位遷移金属錯体を含み、前記デバイスに電圧を印加することを含む、方法。
- 発光デバイス中で電子を発光層に閉じ込める方法であって、前記発光層が陽極側と陰極側を含み、前記デバイスが前記発光層の前記陽極側に隣接した阻止層を含み、前記阻止層が、前記発光層のLUMOエネルギーレベルより高いLUMOエネルギーレベルを有しかつワイドバンド・ギャップ有機マトリックス中にドープされた少なくとも1種の金属錯体を含み、前記デバイスに電圧を印加することを含む方法であって、前記金属錯体が、次式:
[式中、
Mは金属原子であり、
XはN又はCX’(式中、X’はH、C 1 〜C 20 アルキル、C 2 〜C 40 モノ−もしくはポリアルケニル、C 2 〜C 40 モノ−もしくはポリアルキニル、C 3 〜C 8 シクロアルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、アラルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、又はハロである)であり、
AはCH、CX’、N、P、P(=O)、アリール又はヘテロアリールであり、
R 1 及びR 2 はそれぞれ独立に、H、C 1 〜C 20 アルキル、C 2 〜C 40 アルケニル、C 2 〜C 40 アルキニル、C 3 〜C 8 シクロアルキル、アリール、アラルキル、若しくはハロであり、又はR 1 及びR 2 は、これらが結合している炭素原子と共に、連結して縮合したC 3 〜C 8 シクロアルキル又はアリール基を形成し、
R 3 はH、C 1 〜C 20 アルキル、C 2 〜C 40 アルケニル、C 2 〜C 40 アルキニル、C 3 〜C 8 シクロアルキル、アリール、アラルキル、又はハロであり、
nは1〜5である]
の化合物である、方法。 - 発光デバイスを作製する方法であって、電子阻止層を発光層の陽極側に隣接させて堆積させることを含み、前記電子阻止層が次式:
[式中、
Mは金属原子であり、
XはN又はCX’(式中、X’はH、C1〜C20アルキル、C2〜C40モノ−もしくはポリアルケニル、C2〜C40モノ−もしくはポリアルキニル、C3〜C8シクロアルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、アラルキル、ヘテロアラルキル、又はハロである)であり、
AはCH、CX’、N、P、P(=O)、アリール又はヘテロアリールであり、
R1及びR2はそれぞれ独立に、H、C1〜C20アルキル、C2〜C40アルケニル、C2〜C40アルキニル、C3〜C8シクロアルキル、アリール、アラルキル、もしくはハロであり、又は
R1及びR2は、これらが結合している炭素原子と共に、連結して縮合したC3〜C8シクロアルキル又はアリール基を形成し、
R3はH、C1〜C20アルキル、C2〜C40アルケニル、C2〜C40アルキニル、C3〜C8シクロアルキル、アリール、アラルキル、又はハロであり、
nは1〜5である]
の化合物を含む方法。 - 前記化合物がGa(pma)3である請求項11に記載の方法。
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2002
- 2002-08-23 EP EP10177764.7A patent/EP2256838B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-23 US US10/226,674 patent/US7022421B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| US20030068528A1 (en) | 2003-04-10 |
| AU2002329813A1 (en) | 2003-03-18 |
| JP2005502165A (ja) | 2005-01-20 |
| KR20040070171A (ko) | 2004-08-06 |
| JP2009117853A (ja) | 2009-05-28 |
| EP1421827B1 (en) | 2012-02-22 |
| WO2003022007A1 (en) | 2003-03-13 |
| CN100505377C (zh) | 2009-06-24 |
| KR100917347B1 (ko) | 2009-09-16 |
| ATE546844T1 (de) | 2012-03-15 |
| EP2256838B1 (en) | 2018-12-12 |
| EP1421827A4 (en) | 2008-04-23 |
| JP2012165022A (ja) | 2012-08-30 |
| EP2555274B1 (en) | 2020-06-24 |
| JP5053246B2 (ja) | 2012-10-17 |
| WO2003022007A8 (en) | 2005-07-14 |
| EP1421827A1 (en) | 2004-05-26 |
| US20060134465A1 (en) | 2006-06-22 |
| US7022421B2 (en) | 2006-04-04 |
| EP2555274A1 (en) | 2013-02-06 |
| CN1669361A (zh) | 2005-09-14 |
| JP4268041B2 (ja) | 2009-05-27 |
| US7261954B2 (en) | 2007-08-28 |
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