JP5566838B2 - Tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention particularly relates to a tunnel excavator used in a lining method by ECL (Extruded Concrete Lining).

  A mud pressure shield excavator or the like is well known as a tunnel excavator employing the ECL lining method (see Patent Document 1). This is to excavate the ground with a cutter head provided on the front surface of the cylindrical excavator body, and cover the inner wall surface of the tunnel that has been dug with an inner mold frame at a predetermined interval. Concrete is placed by direct placement (place-in-place) by appropriately placing reinforcing bars between the inner wall surface, etc., and lining is performed after curing and hardening. Such a lining method is generally referred to as an ECL or direct-concrete concrete method.

  In the mud pressure shield excavator as described above, a ring-shaped wife mold (device) for closing the space between the inner wall surface of the tunnel and the inner mold is provided, and through the wife mold, the ring mold While concrete is cast, the wife form frame can be slid in the front-rear direction (longitudinal direction of the tunnel) through the expansion and contraction of the wife form frame jack.

JP 2001-173387 A JP 2008-184664 A Japanese Patent No. 4037420

  However, in the mud pressure shield excavator described above, the outer diameter of the cutter head is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the excavator body, or after excavation by a copy cutter, the inner wall of the tunnel is excavated. If there is a slight gap between the outer peripheral surface of the machine body, the concrete placed between the inner formwork and the inner wall of the tunnel through the end formwork will turn to the cutter head side through the gap. In other words, there is a problem that the cutter head and the hood of the excavator body are consolidated.

  In other words, when concrete is consolidated to the cutter head or the hood of the excavator body, the rotational torque of the cutter head increases when the cutter head is activated and rotated, and the current value of the cutter head becomes excessive and the cutter head is The bad effect that it becomes impossible to rotate occurs. In addition, the propulsion thrust also increased, leading to a decrease in excavation speed, which was a factor in extending the construction period.

  The above-mentioned problems are not limited to the concrete of the lining method by ECL, but can be similarly applied to the backfilling injection material of the lining method by segment. Also, Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 disclose techniques for preventing the excavation earth and sand from adhering to the cutter head and the chamber of the excavator body. It is impossible to apply to.

  In view of this, the present invention can prevent the solidified matter (foreign matter) such as concrete or backfilling injection material that has turned around to the cutter head side from being solidified to the cutter head or the hood of the excavator body by simple means. An object is to provide a tunnel excavator that can be used.

In order to achieve such an object, a tunnel excavator according to the present invention includes:
In the tunnel excavator that excavates while rotating the cutter head equipped at the front of the excavator body,
The rear portion of the cutter head, arranged a retractable cleaning rod,
When the cleaning rod is extended, it enters the gap between the back of the cutter head and the tip of the hood, and can remove the solidified material attached to the back of the cutter head and the tip of the hood under the rotation of the cutter head. It is characterized by that.

Also,
The cleaning rod is attached to the back surface of the cutter head so as to be able to appear and retract.

Also,
The cleaning rod also serves as a copy cutter.

  According to the tunnel excavator according to the present invention, the back of the cutter head and the hood can be obtained by a simple means of rotating the cutter head by projecting a cleaning rod into the gap between the back surface of the cutter head and the hood tip of the excavator body. The solidified substance adhering to the front end of the two is removed, and both parts are completely cut off.

  As a result, adverse effects such as the cutter head becoming unable to rotate due to the solidified material adhering to the back surface of the cutter head or the tip of the hood are avoided, and the delay in the construction period is avoided without lowering the excavation speed. The

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic block diagram of the mud pressure type shield excavator which shows Example 1 of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the mud pressure shield excavator which shows Example 2 of this invention. It is each cross-sectional view of the cleaning stick | rod which shows Example 3 of this invention.

  Hereinafter, a tunnel excavator according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a mud pressure shield excavator showing Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  The tunnel excavator described in this embodiment is a mud pressure shield excavation that builds a tunnel while stabilizing the face by filling the chamber with excavated earth and sand and maintaining the inside of the chamber at a predetermined pressure. Machine.

  In this mud pressure shield excavator, as shown in FIG. 1, the excavator main body 11 has a front barrel 12 and a rear barrel 13 which are formed in a cylindrical shape having substantially the same diameter, and are connected to each other by a connecting shaft 14 so as to be bent right and left. It can be bent by a plurality of middle folding jacks 15 installed between them. A rotating ring 16 is rotatably supported on the front portion of the front barrel 12, and a cutter head 18 is connected to the rotating ring 16 via a connecting beam 17.

  The cutter head 18 is configured such that a plurality of cutter spokes 19 are arranged radially from the center portion, and the respective front end portions are connected by an outer peripheral ring 20. A fishtail cutter 21 is attached to the center of the cutter head 18, while a plurality of cutter bits 22 are attached to both sides of each cutter pork 19 along the longitudinal direction thereof. A copy cutter 23a and a rescue bit 23b for excavation are provided at the tip so as to be able to appear and disappear.

  A ring gear 24 is fixed to the rear portion of the rotary ring 16, and a plurality of cutter turning motors (drive means) 25 are attached to the front body 12 of the excavator body 11. The drive gears 26 are meshed with the ring gear 24, respectively. Accordingly, when the cutter turning motor 25 is driven to drive the drive gear 26 to rotate, the cutter head 18 can be rotated via the ring gear 24, the rotating ring 16, and the connecting beam 17.

  In the present embodiment, the cleaning rod 55 is disposed at one place (or a plurality of places) of the rear outer peripheral portion of the cutter head 18 (strictly, the rear wall 19a of the cutter pork 19). The cleaning rod 55 is composed of a hydraulic actuator provided with a piston rod 55b that can extend and retract from the head portion 55a. The head portion 55a penetrates the rear wall 19a of the cutter spoke 19 and the rear wall of the cutter spoke 19 by the bracket 56. 19a is fixed to the inner surface.

  When the piston rod 55b extends, the cleaning rod 55 has a hood 12a integrally formed with the front body 12 and the front end 12 of the front end of the piston rod at the front end of the cutter head 18 (strictly, the outer surface of the rear wall 19a of the cutter spoke 19). When the cutter head 18 rotates, the solid matter adhered to the rear surface of the cutter head 18 (strictly, the outer surface of the rear wall 19a of the cutter pork 19) or the tip of the hood 12a is removed. It is removed, and the back surface of the cutter head 18 and the tip of the hood 12a are completely cut off.

  The consolidated object has a peripheral wall (inner wall surface of the tunnel) of the natural ground G after the outer diameter of the cutter head 18 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the excavator main body 11 or after excavation by the copy cutter 23a. When a slight gap is generated between the excavator main body 11 and the outer peripheral surface, the excavator main body 11 is driven into the concrete placement space E between the inner mold S and the surrounding wall of the natural ground G through the wife mold 46 described later. Thus, the concrete wraps around the cutter head 18 through the gap.

  In addition, a bulkhead 27 is provided at the front portion of the front cylinder 12 so as to be located behind the cutter head 18, and a chamber 28 is formed between the cutter head 18 and the bulkhead 27 for filling excavated earth and sand. Yes. A plurality of fixed stirring rods 29 project from the front side of the bulkhead 27, while a plurality of swirling stirring rods 30 project from the rear surface side of the cutter head 18.

  A part of the fixed stirring rod 29 is provided with a not-shown mud-material injection port for injecting a mud-material into the excavated sediment in the chamber 28 and a not-shown chemical solution injection for injecting a chemical solution (consolidated material). A tube is provided. In the excavator main body 11, a screw conveyor 33 for carrying the excavated earth and sand to the outside is disposed, and the front portion is inclined downward to penetrate the bulkhead 27 and open into the chamber 28. ing.

  A ring garter 34 is fixed to the rear cylinder 13 of the excavator body 11 along the inner peripheral surface thereof, and a plurality of shield jacks (propulsion jacks) 35 are arranged on the ring garter 34 in the circumferential direction of the rear cylinder 13. The excavator body 11 can be advanced by the reaction force by extending the shield jack 35 rearward and pressing the spreader 36 against the existing inner formwork (formwork) S. .

  A plurality of inner molds S are assembled in a ring shape in the circumferential direction with a predetermined interval on the inner wall surface of the tunnel (the peripheral wall of the natural ground G). The concrete is placed by direct placement (place-in-place) by a concrete placement device described later in the space (concrete placement space E) between the peripheral wall of the inner mold S and the outer peripheral surface of the inner mold S assembled in a ring shape, A tunnel is built. Further, the inner mold S is assembled in a plurality of stages in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.

  In addition, a swivel ring 38 is supported on the ring gutter 34 so as to be able to swivel along the circumferential direction of the inner wall surface of the tunnel, and can be driven and swiveled by a drive motor (not shown). An inner mold assembly apparatus 39 is provided. Further, a pair of left and right columns 40 are fixed to the ring gutter 34, and a substantially horizontal frame 41 is extended rearward from the column 40, and this frame 41 assists in assembling the inner formwork S. A pair of front and rear shape holding devices 42 are mounted so as to be movable in the front-rear direction.

  Further, a plurality of transfer carts (not shown) are connected to the rear end of the gantry 41, and an inner mold release device for removing the inner mold S at the rear stage, and the inner mold release device are connected to these transfer carts. A hoist that transports the inner mold form S that has been removed in step 1 to the front of the tunnel, a power unit of a concrete placing device, and the like are mounted.

  Furthermore, between the rear trunk (skin plate) 13 and the inner mold S, there is a ring-shaped wife mold 46 that forms a concrete placement space E between the inner mold S and the peripheral wall of the natural ground G. In addition to being disposed, a plurality of wife form jacks 47 are arranged in parallel along the circumferential direction, and the head base end portion passes through the ring gutter 34 and is connected to the inner peripheral portion of the rear barrel 13. On the other hand, the tip end of the rod is connected to the end form frame 46. A rubber seal member 48 (see FIG. 2) is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the end form frame 46 along the circumferential direction, and a metal brush seal 49 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the end form frame 46. It is mounted along the circumferential direction.

  Accordingly, the ring-shaped wife mold frame 46 can be moved back and forth by expanding and contracting the wife mold jack 47. At this time, the seal member 48 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the rear barrel 13, and the brush By pressing the seal 49 against the outer peripheral surface of the existing inner mold S assembled in a ring shape, it is possible to prevent water from entering the excavator body 11.

  A plurality of concrete placement pipes 50 are inserted into the end form frame 46 at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction toward the rear of the excavation direction, and the concrete placement pipes 50 are used for switching the blocking valve device 60. Thus, communication with a concrete placement pipe (hose: concrete placement line) 51 is possible. These concrete placement pipes 51 are communicated with a concrete supply source via the power unit on the transport carriage described above.

  Therefore, under the state where the concrete placement pipe 50 and the concrete placement pipe 51 are communicated with each other by the closing valve device 60, the ready-mixed concrete fed from the concrete supply source is connected to the concrete placement pipe 51 and the concrete placement pipe 50. It passes through the concrete placement space E described above. At this time, in the concrete placement space E, the concrete placement pipes 50 are sequentially placed in the circumferential direction.

  Further, a concrete placing device is constituted by the inner form S, the end form 46, the concrete placing pipe 50, the concrete placing pipe 51, the closing valve device 60 and the like.

  Next, tunnel excavation work by the mud pressure shield excavator of the above-described embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, while rotating the cutter head 18 by the cutter turning motor 25, the plurality of shield jacks 35 are extended to press the spreader 36 against the existing inner form S, and the reaction force causes the excavator body 11 to move. Move forward. Then, each cutter bit 22 of the cutter head 18 excavates the front ground, and excavated earth and sand are taken into the chamber 28 from between the respective cut porks 19 and are carried out by the screw conveyor 33 to the outside.

  In the inner formwork assembly apparatus 39, the inner formwork S carried into the tunnel is grasped and moved along the inner wall surface of the tunnel, and the grasped inner formwork S is fixed at a predetermined position in a ring shape. Assemble. At this time, the front shape holding device 42 corrects the inner mold frame S to a normal assembly position while avoiding interference with the inner mold frame assembling device 39, and the rear shape holding device 42 is assembled in a ring shape. The inner mold S is corrected to be a perfect circle.

  In parallel with the assembly of the inner formwork S by the inner formwork assembling apparatus 39, the concrete placement space between the peripheral wall of the excavation ground G and the outer peripheral surface of the existing inner formwork S by the concrete placement apparatus described above. E is placed with ready-mixed concrete. Thereafter, when a predetermined time elapses, the concrete is cured and hardened, and the tunnel structure is firmly constructed.

  Further, when the excavator body 11 is propelled, the inner mold S is assembled and assembled. That is, when a predetermined time elapses after the ready-mixed concrete is continuously poured into the concrete placing space E, the concrete is gradually cured and hardened. Therefore, the inner mold S on the rear stage corresponding to the cured and hardened concrete is removed (demolded) by an inner mold demolding device (not shown), and transported to the front of the tunnel by a hoist (not shown) to assemble the inner mold. It is used for new assembly by the device 39.

  On the other hand, when the mud pressure shield excavator is stopped by inspection or the like, the placement of ready-mixed concrete into the concrete placement space E by the concrete placement device is stopped. Thereafter, the concrete placing line is appropriately washed with high-pressure washing water.

  In this embodiment, a cleaning rod 55 is disposed at one location on the outer periphery of the back surface of the cutter head 18 (strictly, the rear wall 19a of the cutter pork 19).

  Accordingly, when the mud pressure shield excavator is stopped, the concrete placement space E passes through a slight gap formed between the peripheral wall of the natural ground G (the inner wall surface of the tunnel) and the outer peripheral surface of the excavator body 11. The concrete placed on the cutter head 18 turns around to the cutter head 18 side, adheres to the back surface of the cutter head 18 (strictly, the rear wall 19a of the cutter pork 19) and the tip of the hood 12a, and then is consolidated. The piston rod 55b of the bar 55 is extended so that the tip of the rod 55 enters the gap C between the back surface of the cutter head 18 (strictly, the outer surface of the rear wall 19a of the cutter pork 19) and the tip of the hood 12a. The cutter head 18 may be rotated in this state.

  As a result, the concrete that has been solidified by adhering to the rear surface of the cutter head 18 (strictly, the outer surface of the rear wall 19a of the cutter pork 19) or the front end of the hood 12a at the front end of the piston rod 55b of the cleaning rod 55 is obtained. As a result, the rear surface of the cutter head 18 and the tip of the hood 12a are completely cut off.

  As a result, the cutter head 18 is made non-rotatable by the solidified concrete by a simple means of projecting the cleaning rod 55 into the gap between the back surface of the cutter head 18 and the tip of the hood 12a and rotating the cutter head 13. In addition to avoiding the negative effects such as this, there is no decrease in the excavating speed of the excavator body 11 and the delay of the construction period is avoided.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a mud pressure shield excavator showing Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

  This is an example in which the mounting position of the cleaning rod 55 in the first embodiment is changed from the back side of the cutter head 13 (strictly, the rear wall 19a of the cutter pork 19) to the bulk head 27 side. In the illustrated example, with the piston rod 55b oriented toward the gap C between the back surface of the cutter head 18 (strictly speaking, the outer surface of the rear wall 19a of the cutter pork 19) and the tip of the hood 12a, the head portion 55a is The bulkhead 27 is obliquely penetrated and attached by a bracket 57. Since the other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, the same members and parts as those in FIG.

  Also in this embodiment, the same actions and effects as those in Embodiment 1 can be obtained.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of each of the cleaning bars showing Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

  This is an example in which the cleaning rod 55 in the first embodiment is attached to the back surface of the cutter head 18 (strictly, the rear wall 19a of the cutter pork 19) so as to be able to appear and retract. That is, FIG. 3 (a) shows a cleaning rod attached to a movable case 58b that can be projected and retracted in the front-rear direction of the excavator body 11 (see FIG. 1) with respect to a fixed case 58a protruding on the outer surface side of the rear wall 19a of the cutter pork 19. 3B is movable so that the excavator main body 11 (see FIG. 1) can protrude and retract with respect to the fixed case 59a recessed on the inner surface of the rear wall 19a of the cutter pork 19. In this example, the cleaning rod 55 is accommodated and supported in the case 59b, and the durability of the cleaning rod 55 exposed to excavated earth and sand in the chamber 28 is improved. In addition, 58a1 in (a) of FIG. 3 is an entrance / exit hole, such as excavated earth and sand.

  In the case of FIG. 3B, since the cleaning rod 55 is located inside the cutter pork 19 in the retracted state of the movable case 59b, the copy cutter 23a (see FIG. 1) can also be used. is there. Conversely, the jack of the conventional copy cutter 23a can be tilted so that the cleaning rod 55 can also be used.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but instead of the tunnel excavator used for the ECL lining method (consolidated material is concrete), the segment lining method (consolidated material is backfilled and injected) You may apply to the tunnel excavator used for material.

  The tunnel excavator according to the present invention can be applied not only to a mud pressure shield excavator but also to a mud shield excavator, a mechanical shield excavator, a tunnel boring machine (TBM), and the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Excavator main body 12 Front trunk 12a Hood part 13 Rear trunk 14 Connection shaft 15 Folding jack 16 Rotating ring 17 Connection beam 18 Cutter head 19 Cutter pork 19a Rear wall 20 Outer ring 21 Fishtail cutter 22 Cutter bit 23a Copy cutter 23b Rescue Bit 24 Ring gear 25 Cutter turning motor 26 Drive gear 27 Bulk head 28 Chamber 29 Fixed stirring rod 30 Swirling stirring rod 33 Screw conveyor 34 Ring garter 35 Shield jack 36 Spreader 38 Turning ring 39 Inner frame assembly device 40 Support column 41 Mounting base 42 shape holding device 46 wife form frame 47 wife form frame jack 48 seal member 49 brush seal 50 concrete placing pipe 51 concrete placing pipe 55 cleaning rod 55a head part 5 b piston rod 56 and 57 brackets 58a, 59a fixed case 58b, 59b movable case 60 stop valve device

Claims (3)

In the tunnel excavator that excavates while rotating the cutter head equipped at the front of the excavator body,
The rear portion of the cutter head, arranged a retractable cleaning rod,
When the cleaning rod is extended, it enters the gap between the back of the cutter head and the tip of the hood, and can remove the solidified material attached to the back of the cutter head and the tip of the hood under the rotation of the cutter head. A tunnel excavator characterized by that.   The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning bar is attached to a back surface of the cutter head so as to appear and retract. The tunnel excavator according to claim 2 , wherein the cleaning bar also serves as a copy cutter.

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