JP5571016B2 - Power generation equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a power generation facility with higher power generation efficiency than before.

  Generally, in a nuclear power generation facility, in a boiling water reactor (BWR), steam generated in a reactor pressure vessel, and in a pressurized water reactor (PWR) in a steam generator (SG), a high pressure turbine and a low pressure turbine are generated. The power is generated by rotating the turbine blades. At that time, in the reactor pressure vessel or the steam generator, steam is generated by heating water (coolant) in the reactor core or the heat transfer tube, and rises as a two-phase flow of water and steam.

  A steam separator is installed at the top of the core or heat transfer tube, and a steam dryer is installed at the top. First, in a steam / water separator, steam and water are separated using centrifugal force, water falls by gravity, and steam rises and is led to a steam dryer. In the steam dryer, corrugated plates are arranged in parallel, and a zigzag meandering passage is formed by clamping a spacer between the corrugated plates. The steam that has been centrifuged in the meandering passage by a steam separator Is introduced. In the steam dryer, when the steam meanders, water having a large mass is blown outward by an inertial force and collected in a pocket (drain pocket) opened toward the upstream.

  Thus, the two-phase flow of water and steam passes through a device that separates moisture from steam, such as a steam separator and a steam dryer, so that at the reactor pressure vessel or steam generator outlet, The steam is not mixed with water droplets (for example, a wetness of 0.1% or less), and is led to the high-pressure turbine side in the subsequent stage.

  In general, a high-pressure turbine or a low-pressure turbine has a single stage with a combination of a stationary blade (nozzle) and a moving blade, and is configured in multiple stages. The steam flowing in from the turbine inlet passes through the nozzle and becomes a jet, hits the moving blade, and rotates the moving blade. At this time, the heat energy of the steam is converted into kinetic energy through the nozzle, and the jet is collided with the moving blades and converted into work.

  Worked steam loses energy and falls below the saturation temperature. This condenses and produces water droplets. This is called wetness. Since wetting is a loss that reduces the efficiency of the turbine, it is called a wetting loss. Wet loss includes “braking loss” that reduces the rotational force by collision of water droplets with the blade, and “acceleration loss” that uses the kinetic energy of steam to accelerate the velocity of the water droplets. There is a “loss due to pumping action”, which is a loss of work that the moving blades make into waterdrops when the water drops move to the outer peripheral side by the pumping action.

  In addition, there is a problem that erosion occurs when water droplets collide with the blade surface. Therefore, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-159302 (Patent Document 1), a device for providing a moisture separation groove on a turbine blade and capturing and removing water droplets adhering thereto is provided. ing.

  On the other hand, before the steam flowing out from the high-pressure turbine flows into the low-pressure turbine, water droplets (wetness) generated in the high-pressure turbine are removed, and steam with high pressure and temperature is extracted from the high-pressure turbine or reactor, and the heat is removed. It can be used to increase the temperature. When only water droplet removal is performed, a moisture separator is used. When heating is performed in addition to water droplet removal, a moisture separation heater (MSR) is used. This varies from plant to plant. In the moisture separator or the moisture separator heater, the water droplet removal of the steam is carried out by causing the wet steam to flow between the corrugated plates and causing the water droplets to collide with the plate in the same manner as the steam dryer.

JP 11-159302 A

  However, it is difficult to remove all water droplets in the moisture separation groove provided on the rotor blade of the turbine. Wetness (water droplets) in the steam results in wetting loss in the turbine, reducing efficiency. In order to increase the efficiency, it is important to remove dampness (water droplets) in the steam. In addition, since the steam that has passed through the moisture separator or moisture separation heater flows into the low-pressure turbine side, removal of water droplets in the steam at the moisture separator or moisture separation heater is also effective for increasing the efficiency. It is.

  Moreover, since the output of the turbine is determined by the enthalpy difference between the inlet and outlet steam, it is desired that the inlet steam temperature be high to increase the output. For example, in a nuclear power generation facility, dry out of the surface of the fuel cladding tube is not allowed, so it cannot be made superheated steam, and the plant output cannot be increased by using superheated steam. If the steam can be changed to superheated steam after the surface of the fuel cladding tube, the steam temperature at the high-pressure turbine inlet can be increased, which is effective for increasing the output.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a power generation facility having higher power generation efficiency than the conventional one.

In order to solve the above-described problem, a power generation facility according to an embodiment of the present invention is a power generation facility that generates power by driving a steam turbine with steam. A window that transmits electromagnetic waves to the inside of a structure that forms a path through which steam flows, and the electromagnetic waves that transmit from the windows to the inside of the structure. An electromagnetic wave reflector to be reflected, and the electromagnetic wave irradiated toward the window from an electromagnetic wave generator attached to the outside of the structure is guided through the window to the inside of the structure. The steam in the structure is heated by being reflected by the electromagnetic wave reflector provided inside .

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a power generation facility with higher power generation efficiency than before.

Schematic which showed the main steam system of the nuclear power generation equipment which is an example of the power generation equipment which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which showed the steam turbine of the power generation equipment which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a steam turbine, (b) is the II line | wire shown by (a). Sectional drawing which shows the cross section of. The cross-sectional view of the steam turbine of the power generation equipment which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The cross-sectional view of the steam turbine of the power generation equipment which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the moisture separation heater of the power generation equipment which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. Schematic which showed the steam dryer of the power generation equipment which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing explaining the to-be-heated object (steam in main steam system piping) of the power generation equipment which concerns on the 6th Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing explaining the to-be-heated object (water droplet in main steam system piping) of the power generation equipment which concerns on the 6th Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing explaining the to-be-heated object (structure) of the power generation equipment which concerns on the 7th Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, power generation equipment according to embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a main steam system of a nuclear power generation facility 10 which is an example of a power generation facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  A nuclear power generation facility 10 shown in FIG. 1 as an example of a nuclear power generation facility generates steam by thermal energy generated by a fission reaction in a reactor pressure vessel 12, and the generated steam is transferred from a reactor containment vessel to a main steam system. For example, the gas is supplied to the turbine side including the high-pressure turbine 14 and the low-pressure turbine 15 through the pipe 13.

  A moisture separator / heater (MSR) 16 is provided between the high-pressure turbine 14 and the low-pressure turbine 15, and the moisture separator / heater 16 generates water droplets generated when steam works in the high-pressure turbine 14. (Wet) is removed, and the steam is heated from the high-pressure turbine 14 or the reactor using heat of steam having a high pressure and temperature. The steam that has worked in the high-pressure turbine 14 and the low-pressure turbine 15 is returned to water in the condenser 17, and this water is supplied to the reactor containment vessel by a feed water pump 19 installed in a feed water pipe 18 connected to the reactor containment vessel. Sent.

  The nuclear power generation facility 10 is at least any one of steam, water in steam (two-phase flow of water and steam), and a structure constituting the main steam system of the nuclear power generation facility 10 (structure forming a path through which steam flows). Steam turbines such as the high-pressure turbine 14 and the low-pressure turbine 15 can prevent the generation of water droplets by directly or indirectly heating them or evaporate the water droplets contained in the steam (two-phase flow of water and steam). The power generation efficiency is increased by causing at least one of the loss reduction and the output increase.

  Next, the nuclear power generation facility 10 (10A to 10G) that is an example of the power generation facility according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. The nuclear power generation facilities 10A to 10G shown in FIGS. 2 to 9 are examples, and the nuclear power generation facilities 10A to 10G according to the embodiments are not necessarily limited to the illustrated examples. is not.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing steam turbines (high pressure turbine and low pressure turbine) 14 and 15 of the first nuclear power generation facility 10A which is an example of the power generation facility according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 2 (a) is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing a longitudinal section on one side (upper side) with respect to the rotating shaft 21 of the steam turbines 14 and 15, and FIG. 2 (b) is a line I-I shown in FIG. 2 (a). It is sectional drawing (II sectional drawing) which shows the cross section (II sectional).

  In the steam turbines 14 and 15 of the first nuclear power generation facility 10A, the stage where the combination of the moving blades 22 and the stationary blades (nozzles) 23 is one stage is configured in a plurality of stages, for example, three stages. The steam S that has flowed in from 24 travels downstream while expanding, and rotates the rotor blades 22 of each stage attached to the turbine shaft 25. For this reason, the steam S is deprived of energy by the rotation of the rotor blade 22, the temperature is lowered, and condensation occurs to generate water droplets. Some plants use superheated steam at the turbine inlet 24, while others use saturated steam, that is, steam containing wetness (wet steam).

  Therefore, in the first nuclear power generation facility 10 </ b> A, the electromagnetic wave 28 is generated by, for example, a plurality of electromagnetic wave generators 27 installed outside the casing 26, and the generated electromagnetic wave 28 is generated from the window 29 provided in the casing 26 through the steam turbine 14. , 15 and the steam S flowing inside the steam turbines 14, 15 is heated in a non-contact manner. By heating the steam S, the steam S is prevented from condensing, or water droplets generated by expanding the condensed steam S are evaporated.

  There are several methods for non-contact heating using the electromagnetic wave 28, and the type (wavelength) of the electromagnetic wave 28 differs depending on the heating method employed. For example, if a dielectric heating method in which the vapor S is heated by dielectric heating is adopted, the electromagnetic wave 28 is in a frequency band (so-called high frequency band such as a microwave) that can be heated by dielectric heating, or a far infrared heating method using far infrared rays is used. If it is adopted, it becomes a far-infrared electromagnetic wave 28.

  In the first nuclear power generation facility 10A configured in this manner, the steam S flowing inside the steam turbines 14 and 15 is prevented from condensing, or water droplets generated by expanding the condensed steam are evaporated. Water droplets can be reduced as compared with the prior art. This is because the water loss collides with the moving blade 22 to reduce the dampening loss such as the braking loss that reduces the rotational force and the acceleration loss that uses the kinetic energy of the steam S to accelerate the speed of the water droplet. Leading to a rise.

  Further, in the first nuclear power generation facility 10A, at least part of the water droplets in the conventional nuclear power generation facility can be used as steam by the steam turbines 14 and 15, and thus the steam flow rate increases. Furthermore, the temperature of the steam itself is increased by heating the steam S in the steam turbines 14 and 15. Since the turbine output is determined by the enthalpy difference between the turbine inlet 24 and the turbine outlet, if at least one of the steam flow rate and the steam temperature increases, the turbine output increases and the power generation efficiency increases.

  On the other hand, the first nuclear power generation facility 10A prevents the steam S flowing inside the steam turbines 14 and 15 from condensing, or expands the condensed steam to evaporate the generated water droplets. Since there are fewer water drops in 15 than before, erosion (erosion) can be suppressed.

  According to the first nuclear power generation facility 10A, the wet loss in the steam turbines 14 and 15 can be reduced and higher power generation efficiency can be realized than in the conventional power generation facility. Moreover, since the flow rate increase and temperature rise of the steam S in the steam turbines 14 and 15 occur as compared with the conventional power generation equipment, the turbine output increases and higher power generation efficiency can be realized.

  The first nuclear power generation facility 10A shown in FIG. 2 is an example of the configuration, and for example, the configuration including the high-pressure turbine 14 and the low-pressure turbine 15 is shown in FIG. It should be. The irradiation of the electromagnetic wave 28 is not necessarily performed by the plurality of steam turbines 14 and 15, and may be performed by at least one of the steam turbines 14 and 15. Furthermore, at least one electromagnetic wave generator 27 may be installed in the circumferential direction in the II cross section shown in FIG.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the steam turbines 14 and 15 of the second nuclear power generation facility 10B that is an example of the power generation facility according to the second embodiment of the present invention, that is, a view corresponding to FIG. is there.

  The second nuclear power generation facility 10 </ b> B has an electromagnetic wave generator 27 to the steam turbines 14, 15 on the surface of the turbine shaft 25 of the steam turbines 14, 15 and the inner surface of the casing 26 with respect to the first nuclear power generation facility 10 </ b> A. The difference is that an electromagnetic wave reflection plate 31 for reflecting the electromagnetic wave 28 irradiated to the inside is further provided. Therefore, in the description of the present embodiment, the difference will be mainly described, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

  In the second nuclear power generation facility 10 </ b> B, the electromagnetic wave 28 radiated into the steam turbines 14, 15 from the electromagnetic wave generator 27 installed outside the casing 26 is reflected inside the steam turbines 14, 15 (casing 26). Are repeated on the surface of the turbine shaft 25 of the steam turbines 14 and 15 and the inner surface of the casing 26 so that, for example, gold, silver, copper, aluminum, nickel, etc. An electromagnetic wave reflector 31 that is an example of an electromagnetic wave reflector made of a material such as a ceramic or a film having a property of reflecting the electromagnetic wave 28 and that is formed in a plate shape is installed.

  The electromagnetic wave 28 applied to the inside of the steam turbines 14 and 15 from the electromagnetic wave generator 27 is first reflected by the electromagnetic wave reflection plate 31 installed on the surface of the turbine shaft 25, and then installed on the inner surface of the casing 26. Reflected by the electromagnetic wave reflecting plate 31, and then reflected by the electromagnetic wave reflecting plate 31 such that it is reflected by the electromagnetic wave reflecting plate 31 installed on the surface of the turbine shaft 25. spread. Therefore, in the second nuclear power generation facility 10B, the energy of the electromagnetic wave 28 generated from the first nuclear power generation facility 10A can be used effectively, and the steam S in the steam turbines 14 and 15 can be efficiently heated. Can do.

  According to the second nuclear power generation facility 10B, in addition to having the same effect as the first nuclear power generation facility 10A, the electromagnetic wave 28 irradiated from the electromagnetic wave generator 27 to the inside of the steam turbines 14 and 15 is generated. Since the electromagnetic wave reflector 31 installed inside the steam turbines 14 and 15 moves in the circumferential direction while being repeatedly reflected and spreads over a wide range, the number of electromagnetic waves is smaller than that of the electromagnetic wave generator 27 of the first nuclear power generation facility 10A. Even with the generator 27, the steam S can be heated in the same manner as the first nuclear power generation facility 10A. In other words, the second nuclear power generation facility 10B can heat the steam S in the steam turbines 14 and 15 more efficiently than the first nuclear power generation facility 10A.

  In the second nuclear power generation facility 10B, in the second nuclear power generation facility 10B shown in FIG. 3, there is one electromagnetic wave generator 27 installed, but the number is not necessarily limited to one, and two You may install more. Moreover, although the electromagnetic wave reflecting plate 31 is illustrated as a flat plate shape, the mounting surface may be a curved surface having a curvature corresponding to the mounting location, or may be formed as a curved plate having a curvature corresponding to the mounting location. Of course, the electromagnetic wave reflection surface may be a curved surface. Also, install the electromagnetic wave reflector without changing the steam flow path by cutting the mounting part and placing the electromagnetic reflector in place, or by placing it on the mounting part by plating if it is gold or silver etc. Is also possible.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the steam turbines 14 and 15 of the third nuclear power generation facility 10C that is an example of the power generation facility according to the third embodiment of the present invention, that is, a view corresponding to FIG. is there.

  10 C of 3rd nuclear power generation equipment is the tip of the window 29 provided in the steam turbines 14 and 15 seeing from the electromagnetic wave generator 27 with respect to 10 A of 1st nuclear power generation equipment, ie, the inner surface of the casing 26, and window The difference is that an electromagnetic wave absorber 35 is further installed at the position 29. Therefore, in the description of the present embodiment, the difference will be mainly described, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

  In the third nuclear power generation facility 10 </ b> C, an electromagnetic wave absorber 35 having excellent heat resistance characteristics made of, for example, ceramics, heat resistant glass, heat resistant resin, or the like is further installed on the inner surface of the casing 26 and at the position of the window 29. The electromagnetic wave generator 26 installed outside the casing 26 irradiates the electromagnetic waves 28 into the steam turbines 14 and 15 to cause the electromagnetic wave absorber 35 to absorb the energy of the electromagnetic waves 28. Since the energy of the electromagnetic wave 28 incident on the electromagnetic wave absorber 35 is converted into thermal energy (Joule heat) and absorbed, the electromagnetic wave absorber 35 is heated and heats the vapor S flowing around.

  Since the electromagnetic wave absorber 35 is installed inside the casing 26, heat resistance that can withstand the temperature of the steam S is required. The amount of heat generated by the electromagnetic wave absorber 35 is mainly caused by dielectric loss. Since the dielectric loss is proportional to the dielectric constant, if a material having a high dielectric constant is selected, the amount of heat generated by the electromagnetic wave 28 is increased. be able to. In consideration of these, the electromagnetic wave absorber 35 is preferably made of a material having excellent heat resistance such as ceramics, heat-resistant glass, heat-resistant resin, etc., and particularly made of a material having a higher dielectric constant. The selection is preferable in that the steam S can be efficiently heated.

  According to the third nuclear power generation facility 10C, in addition to being able to achieve the same effects as the first nuclear power generation facility 10A, the third nuclear power generation facility 10C is more effective than the first nuclear power generation facility 10A. The energy of the electromagnetic wave 28 generated by the electromagnetic wave generator 27 can be used effectively, and the steam S in the steam turbines 14 and 15 can be heated more efficiently than the first nuclear power generation facility 10A. This is because the dielectric material has better energy absorption efficiency of the electromagnetic wave 28 than the vapor S and droplets (water droplets), and can be converted into thermal energy to further increase the temperature of the dielectric.

  In the third nuclear power generation facility 10C, in the third nuclear power generation facility 10C shown in FIG. 4, there are three electromagnetic wave generators 27 installed, but the number is not necessarily limited to three, and at least one It only has to be installed. Further, the installation position of the electromagnetic wave absorber 35 is described as the position of the window 29 on the inner surface of the casing 26, but the installation position of the electromagnetic wave absorber 35 is not necessarily the inner surface of the casing 26 and the position of the window 29. Not necessarily. For example, the installation location is arbitrary as long as the electromagnetic wave 28 transmitted from the window 29 can be absorbed inside the steam turbines 14 and 15 such as the surface of the turbine shaft 25. Further, for example, an electromagnetic wave reflector 31 may be disposed on the turbine shaft 25, and the electromagnetic wave absorber 35 may be disposed at a point where the electromagnetic wave 28 is reflected.

[Fourth Embodiment]
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the moisture separator 16 of the fourth nuclear power generation facility 10D which is an example of the power generation facility according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

  The fourth nuclear power generation facility 10 </ b> D is different from the first nuclear power generation facility 10 </ b> A in that the steam S flowing inside the moisture separation heater 16 is heated. Therefore, in the description of the present embodiment, the difference will be mainly described, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

  In the fourth nuclear power generation facility 10D, the steam S flowing from the inlet of the moisture separator / heater (MSR) 16 is the steam S after working in the high-pressure turbine 14, and thus becomes wet steam with water droplets. In consideration of this, the steam S is heated by the electromagnetic wave 28 in a non-contact manner to reduce moisture contained in the steam S, thereby realizing higher power generation efficiency.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the moisture separator / heater (MSR) 16 of the fourth nuclear power generation facility 10D includes a moisture separator 43 in the lower half region within the fuselage 41 and a heater separator in the upper half region. Each of the heat pipes 45 is arranged, a plurality of steam inlet pipes 46 are installed at the bottom of the body 41, and a steam outlet pipe 47 is installed at the top of the body 41. Further, a steam inlet plate 48 is installed on the inner side of the bottom of the body 41 in the vicinity where the steam inlet pipe 46 is installed.

  On the other hand, an electromagnetic wave generator 27 that irradiates the body 41 with an electromagnetic wave 28 for heating the steam S flowing into the body 41 from the steam inlet pipe 46 in a non-contact manner is installed on the outer surface of the moisture separation heater 16. The electromagnetic wave 28 irradiated from the electromagnetic wave generator 27 and transmitted through the window 29 and guided into the body 41 is connected between the moisture separator 43 and the body 41 by the steam inlet plate 48 from the steam inlet pipe 46. The steam S introduced into the space is heated without contact. Thereafter, the heated steam S is sequentially guided to the outside of the moisture separator 43 and the heat transfer tube 45, and the moisture is further separated by the moisture separator 43 and heated by the heat transfer tube 45.

  According to the fourth nuclear power generation facility 10D, the steam S having a lower moisture content and higher temperature than the conventional power generation facility can be supplied to the subsequent stage side of the moisture separation heater 16, so the moisture separation heater 16 Wet loss in the steam turbine installed in the subsequent stage is reduced, and higher power generation efficiency can be realized. Moreover, since the flow rate increase and temperature rise of the steam S in the steam turbine 14 occur compared to the conventional power generation equipment, the turbine output increases and higher power generation efficiency can be realized.

  In the fourth nuclear power generation facility 10D shown in FIG. 5, there is one electromagnetic wave generator 27 installed on the outer surface of the moisture separator / heater 16, but it is not always necessary to be at least one. It is sufficient if the above is installed. Moreover, you may provide the electromagnetic wave reflector 31 or the electromagnetic wave absorber 35 inside the trunk | drum 41 of the moisture separation heater 16, as needed.

[Fifth Embodiment]
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a steam dryer 52 of a fifth nuclear power generation facility 10E which is an example of the power generation facility according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

  The fifth nuclear power generation facility 10E is different from the first nuclear power generation facility 10A in that it is configured to heat the steam S flowing inside the steam dryer 52. Therefore, in the description of the present embodiment, the difference will be mainly described, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

  In general, in a nuclear reactor, a steam-water separator 51 that separates steam and water from generated steam (two-phase flow of water and steam), and steam that has flowed out of the steam-water separator 51 are introduced to wet the steam. A steam dryer 52 that removes moisture is provided, and the steam from which moisture has been removed by the steam dryer 52 is sent to the high-pressure turbine 14. For example, a nuclear reactor of a fifth nuclear power generation facility 10E shown as an example in FIG. 6 has a boiling water type in which a reactor pressure vessel 12 in which a steam separator 51 and a steam dryer 52 are housed is a steam generator. A nuclear reactor (BWR).

  In the fifth nuclear power generation facility 10E, since the steam flowing out from the steam separator 51 is the wet steam S mixed with water droplets, the electromagnetic wave generator 27 installed outside the reactor pressure vessel 12 in the wet steam S. The steam S is heated by irradiating the electromagnetic wave 28 generated in step 1.

  In the fifth nuclear power generation facility 10E, for example, a window 29 is provided on a part of the upper surface of the reactor pressure vessel 12 and the upper surface of the steam dryer 52, and the electromagnetic wave 28 is transmitted from the window 29 provided in the reactor pressure vessel 12. To be supplied to the inside of the reactor pressure vessel 12. The electromagnetic wave 28 supplied to the inside of the reactor pressure vessel 12 is transmitted through the window 29 provided on the upper surface of the steam dryer 52 and heats the steam S flowing inside the steam dryer 52.

  According to the fifth nuclear power generation facility 10E, by heating the wet steam S flowing out from the steam separator 51, water droplets contained in the steam S can be evaporated, and the temperature of the steam S is increased. be able to. Therefore, the steam temperature at the inlet of the steam turbine can be made higher than before, and higher power generation efficiency than that of the conventional power generation equipment can be realized.

  Note that the fifth nuclear power generation facility 10E employs a configuration in which the electromagnetic wave 28 is irradiated from above, but it is not always necessary to irradiate from above. For example, it flows out from the steam separator 51 and flows into the steam dryer 52. It is good also as a structure which irradiates the electromagnetic waves 28 from the side so that the vapor | steam S before or just after inflow can be heated. Moreover, you may provide the electromagnetic wave reflector 31 or the electromagnetic wave absorber 35 inside the reactor pressure vessel 12 or the steam dryer 52 as needed.

  Furthermore, the configuration of the nuclear reactor of the fifth nuclear power generation facility 10E shown in FIG. 6 is an example of a BWR, but the fifth nuclear power generation facility 10E is not limited to the BWR, and has a steam generation unit. Applicable to general power generation facilities. For example, when it is applied to a pressurized water reactor (PWR), if it is applied to a steam generator as a PWR steam generator instead of a reactor pressure vessel 12 as a BWR steam generator, the steam in the steam generator It can be configured to heat S.

[Sixth Embodiment]
FIGS. 7 and 8 are explanatory diagrams for explaining a heating target of a sixth nuclear power generation facility 10F which is an example of a power generation facility according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a case where the steam S flowing in the steam pipe 13 is a steam S included in the steam S flowing in the main steam pipe 13.

  The sixth nuclear power generation facility 10F is different from the first nuclear power generation facility 10A in that the steam S flowing in the main steam pipe 13 is heated. Therefore, in the description of the present embodiment, the difference will be mainly described, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

  In general, the nuclear power generation facility 10 has a steam pipe from the reactor pressure vessel 12 or the steam generator to the inlet of the low-pressure turbine 15, that is, a main steam pipe 13. Piping from the reactor or steam generator reactor pressure vessel 12 or the outlet of the steam generator to the inlet of the high-pressure turbine 14, piping from the outlet of the high-pressure turbine 14 to the inlet of the moisture separator heater 16, and moisture separation heating It is divided into piping from the outlet of the vessel 16 to the inlet of the low-pressure turbine 15. The sixth nuclear power generation facility 10F is configured to heat at least one of the steam S flowing inside and the water droplet 54 contained in the steam S as a heating target in any of these pipes.

  In the sixth nuclear power generation facility 10F, the electromagnetic wave 28 generated by the electromagnetic wave generator 27 installed outside the main steam pipe 13 is transmitted from the window 29 provided in the main steam pipe 13 to the inside of the main steam pipe 13; For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the steam S flowing inside the main steam pipe 13 is heated. Thus, the steam temperature of the steam S can be raised by heating the steam S flowing inside the main steam pipe 13. Moreover, if the temperature of the vapor | steam S becomes more than saturation temperature, the water droplet 54 mixed in the vapor | steam S can also be evaporated.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8, it is also possible to heat the water droplets 54 contained in the steam S flowing inside the main steam pipe 13 as an object to be heated. Which is to be heated can be adjusted by selecting the frequency of the electromagnetic wave 28 that is easily absorbed by the heated object.

  When the water droplet 54 is a target to be heated, the density of the water droplets 54 is significantly higher than the density of the steam S. Therefore, compared with the case where the target to be heated is the steam S, the absorption rate of electromagnetic wave energy is increased. Less energy is required to generate 28. That is, when the water droplet 54 is a target to be heated, the water droplet 54 can be efficiently removed by evaporation as compared with the case where the target to be heated is steam S. Thus, by heating the water droplets 54 contained in the steam S flowing inside the main steam pipe 13, the water droplets 54 mixed in the steam S can be evaporated.

  According to the sixth nuclear power generation facility 10 </ b> F, the steam S flowing inside the main steam pipe 13 and the water droplet 54 contained in the steam S are heated, thereby increasing the steam temperature of the steam S inside the main steam pipe 13. Can be made. Moreover, if the temperature of the vapor | steam S becomes more than saturation temperature, the water droplet 54 mixed in the vapor | steam S can also be evaporated. Therefore, the wet loss in the steam turbines 14 and 15 is reduced as compared with the conventional power generation equipment, and higher power generation efficiency can be realized. Moreover, since the flow rate increase and temperature rise of the steam S in the steam turbines 14 and 15 occur as compared with the conventional power generation equipment, the turbine output increases and higher power generation efficiency can be realized.

  In addition, you may provide the electromagnetic wave reflector 31 or the electromagnetic wave absorber 35 in the inside of the main steam piping 13 as needed.

[Seventh Embodiment]
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a heating target (structure) of a seventh nuclear power generation facility 10G which is an example of the power generation facility according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

  The seventh nuclear power generation facility 10G constitutes the main steam system of the nuclear power generation facility, for example, the reactor pressure vessel 12, the main steam system piping 13, the steam turbines 14 and 15, and the moisture separation heater (or moisture separation). The structure 60 such as 16) is heated, so that the structure 60 and the steam S flowing around the structure 60 or the water droplets 54 contained in the steam S are indirectly heated.

  Since the structure 60 has a higher density than the object to be heated such as the steam S and the water droplet 54 according to the above-described embodiment, the energy absorption rate of the electromagnetic wave 28 is high. Therefore, the structure 60 can be heated by efficiently absorbing the electromagnetic wave energy. The object to be heated in the seventh nuclear power generation facility 10G is not limited to the existing structure 60, and another structure may be newly provided.

  Note that, when the structure 60 is to be heated, unlike the steam S or the water droplets 54 contained in the steam S, it is not always necessary to perform heating in a non-contact manner, so a method of heating by directly contacting a heat source is adopted. You can also.

  As described above, according to the nuclear power generation facility 10 (10A to 10G) according to the embodiment of the present invention, the main steam system steam S, the water droplet 54 included in the steam S (two-phase flow of water and steam), and the nuclear power generation facility. The generation of water droplets 54 in the steam S is prevented by directly or indirectly heating at least one of the structures 60 constituting the main steam system of 10 (10A to 10G), or the steam S (water and steam The water droplets 54 contained in the two-phase flow) are evaporated, and higher power generation efficiency can be realized with respect to the conventional power generation equipment.

  In addition, although some embodiment of this invention was described, these embodiment is shown as an example and is not intending limiting the range of invention. For example, the nuclear reactor shown in FIG. 1 is an example of a boiling water reactor (BWR). However, the reactor is not limited to a boiling water reactor (BWR), but also a pressurized water reactor (PWR). Applicable. The power generation facility 10 shown in FIG. 1 is a nuclear power generation facility, but is not limited to a nuclear power generation facility, and can be applied to various power generation facilities that generate power by rotating a turbine with steam (so-called steam power generation).

  These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

10 Nuclear power generation facilities (power generation facilities)
12 Reactor pressure vessel 13 Main steam system piping 14 High-pressure turbine 15 Low-pressure turbine 16 Moisture separation heater (MSR)
17 Condenser 18 Water Supply Pipe 19 Water Supply Pump 21 Rotating Shaft 22 Rotor Blade 23 Stator Blade (Nozzle)
24 turbine inlet 25 turbine shaft 26 casing 27 electromagnetic wave generator 28 electromagnetic wave 29 window 31 electromagnetic wave reflector (electromagnetic wave reflector)
35 Electromagnetic wave absorber 41 Body 43 Moisture separator 45 Heat transfer pipe 46 Steam inlet pipe 47 Steam outlet pipe 48 Steam inlet plate 51 Steam / water separator 52 Steam dryer 54 Water drop 60 Structure

Claims (9)

In a power generation facility that generates power by driving a steam turbine with steam,
A window that transmits electromagnetic waves to the inside of a structure that constitutes a path through which steam flows before the steam turbine installed at the end of the steam turbine that supplies the steam to perform work ;
Providing an electromagnetic wave reflector that reflects the electromagnetic wave transmitted from the window to the inside of the structure inside the structure;
The electromagnetic wave reflector provided inside the structure by guiding the electromagnetic wave irradiated toward the window from the electromagnetic wave generator attached to the outside of the structure through the window and guiding the electromagnetic wave inside the structure. The power generation equipment is configured to heat the steam in the structure by reflecting the light . The structure is the steam turbine, and the steam flowing through the steam turbine by transmitting electromagnetic waves irradiated to the steam turbine from the window provided in at least one of the steam turbines to the inside of the steam turbine. The power generation facility according to claim 1, wherein the generator is configured to be heated. The electromagnetic wave reflector includes a first electromagnetic wave reflector provided on a surface of a turbine shaft of the steam turbine with a reflection surface facing a casing side of the steam turbine, an inner surface of the casing, and a reflection surface of the steam turbine. The power generation facility according to claim 2 , comprising: a second electromagnetic wave reflector provided toward the turbine shaft side of the turbine . The structure is a main steam pipe, and an electromagnetic wave irradiated to the main steam pipe from the window provided in at least a part of the main steam pipe is transmitted to the inside of the main steam pipe so that the inside of the main steam pipe power generation equipment according to claim 1, characterized by being configured to heat the steam flowing. The structure is a moisture separator or a moisture separator heater, and the moisture separator or the moisture separator heating from the window provided in at least a part of the moisture separator or the moisture separator heater. It is configured to transmit the electromagnetic wave irradiated to the inside of the moisture separator or moisture separation heater to heat the steam flowing in the moisture separator or moisture separation heater. The power generation facility according to claim 1 . The structure is a steam generating unit that generates the steam, and transmits electromagnetic waves applied to the steam generating unit through the window provided in at least a part of the steam generating unit to the inside of the steam generating unit. power generation equipment according to claim 1, characterized by being configured to heat the steam flowing in the steam generation portion Te. Any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the electromagnetic wave is transmitted into the interior of the structure from the window is illuminated provided further electromagnetic wave absorber to be absorbed in the interior of the structure to the structure The power generation facility according to item 1. The power generation facility according to claim 7 , wherein an inside of the structure provided with the electromagnetic wave absorber is an inner surface of a casing of the steam turbine . The power generation facility according to claim 2, wherein when the steam is a two-phase flow in which steam and water droplets are mixed, the water droplets of the two-phase flow are to be heated.

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