JP5610774B2 - Portable engine generator - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a portable engine generator, and more particularly, can switch between three-phase (three-phase three-wire or three-phase four-wire) high-voltage AC output and low-voltage AC output, and at the same time a low-voltage single-phase The present invention relates to a portable engine generator capable of outputting a three-wire AC output.

In a portable engine generator that generates power by driving a synchronous generator with an engine, three-phase (three-phase three-wire type or three-phase four-wire type) high-voltage AC output (for example, 400V) depending on the place of use and load A device that can switch and output a low-voltage AC output (for example, 200 V) is widely used. In addition, since such a portable engine generator is also used as a power source for lighting, a power tool, an office machine, etc., it is the same single-phase three-wire low-voltage AC output as a general household (for example, 100V).
And 200V).

The voltage switching of the three-phase output is performed by switching the connection state of the three-phase coil in the synchronous generator between series and parallel, respectively, and switching to the single-phase output is performed by switching the three-phase output in the synchronous generator. This is done by connecting two of the coils in series. When switching between high voltage and low voltage and switching between three-phase and single-phase in this way, when switching from three-phase to single-phase when the three-phase output is set to high voltage, the single-phase output voltage Becomes a high voltage (for example, 200V and 400V). When a load such as an office machine used with a single-phase 100V is connected in a state where the single-phase output is high in this way, there is a possibility that an accident such as burnout may occur due to the high voltage acting on the load.

Therefore, a high voltage setting detecting means for detecting that the output voltage is set to the high voltage side, and an alarm means for issuing an alarm when detecting that the high voltage setting detecting means is set to the high voltage, And an alarm confirmation input means for inputting that the alarm has been confirmed. When the alarm confirmation input means is operated, the alarm is stopped and output at a high voltage is continued. When the alarm confirmation input means is not operated, power generation is performed. An engine generator that protects a load to be used at a low voltage by lowering the output voltage of the machine, tripping a circuit breaker, or stopping the engine is known (for example, Patent Documents). 1).

JP 2009-81940 A

However, in the engine generator described in Patent Document 1, when operating at a high voltage, the alarm confirmation input means must be operated every time, which is a troublesome extra work at a construction site.

Therefore, the present invention can automatically prevent a high voltage from being output to the output terminal of the single-phase three-wire system when the output of the generator is in a high-voltage state, and a load that is used with a single-phase low voltage. It aims at providing the portable engine generator which can protect.

In order to achieve the above object, a portable engine generator according to the present invention comprises a voltage setting means for switching an output from a synchronous generator driven by an engine to an output terminal plate between a high voltage output and a low voltage output; In a portable engine generator having a single-phase / three-phase setting means for switching between a phase output and a three-phase output, a first detecting that the setting of the single-phase / three-phase setting means is a single-phase output state Detecting means, second detecting means for detecting that the setting of the voltage setting means is in a high voltage output state, the first detecting means detects a single-phase output state, and the second detecting means Output detecting means for stopping output to the output terminal plate when the detecting means detects a high voltage output state is provided.

The synchronous generator in the portable engine generator of the present invention includes a three-phase armature coil Y-connected to a neutral point with a phase difference of 120 degrees, an inner coil whose inner end is connected to the neutral point, and The voltage setting means connects the outer end of the inner coil and the inner end of the outer coil in the synchronous generator. When the inner and outer coils are connected in series, a high-voltage three-phase alternating current is connected from the output end of the armature coil outer end, the inner end of the inner coil and the inner end of the outer coil are connected, and the outer end of the inner coil is connected. And the outer end of the outer coil are connected to each other and the inner and outer coils are connected in parallel to each other to switch to a state in which a low-voltage three-phase alternating current is output from the output end of the armature coil outer end. Single-phase / three-phase setting means The three-phase armature coil neutral point connecting end is connected to the neutral point, and the three-phase four-wire system is formed from the output end of each armature coil outer end and the neutral point. When the neutral point connection end of the first armature coil in the armature coil is connected to the output end of the second armature coil, the output end of the outer end of the first armature coil and the third end The armature coil is switched and set to a state in which a single-phase three-wire system is output from the output end of the outer end of the armature coil and the neutral point.

Furthermore, in the portable engine generator according to the present invention, the first detection means has a first voltage detection provided between a neutral point connection end of the first armature coil and the neutral point. And the second detection means is provided between an inner end of the inner coil and an inner end of the outer coil in an arbitrary one of the three-phase armature coils, or an outer end of the inner coil. A second voltage detection means provided between the outer end of the outer coil and the output stop means trips the circuit breaker when both voltage detection means detect the voltage and become ON. It is characterized by being a circuit breaker trip means.

According to the portable engine generator of the present invention, when the armature coil connection state is set to the single-phase output state, it is possible to automatically prevent a high voltage from being output to the output terminal plate.
A load used at a single-phase low voltage can be reliably protected.

It is a circuit diagram which shows one example of an output part in the portable engine generator of this invention. It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of a connection state when the armature coil of the synchronous generator in a portable engine generator is made into a three-phase high voltage output state. It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of the connection state at the time of a three-phase low voltage output similarly. It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of the connection state at the time of a single phase low voltage output similarly. It is a circuit diagram which shows an example of the connection state at the time of a single phase high voltage output similarly. It is explanatory drawing of the voltage switching terminal block made into the high voltage connection state. It is explanatory drawing of the voltage switching terminal block made into the low voltage connection state. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of a single phase / three phase setting means.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the synchronous generator 11 in the portable engine generator shown in the present embodiment includes a three-phase armature coil 12 of U phase, V phase, and W phase. The inner coil 12a and the outer coil 12b connected to each other are divided into two, and the connection state between the inner coil 12a and the outer coil 12b is connected in series or in parallel with the short-circuit plate 13a of the voltage switching terminal block 13 as voltage setting means. Thus, the output voltage can be switched between a high voltage and a low voltage, and a W-phase armature coil (first armature) is set by a single-phase / three-phase switch 14 which is a single-phase / three-phase setting means. By switching the connection destination of the inner end (neutral point connecting end) Z2 of the coil) to either the neutral point O or the outer end V1 of the V-phase armature coil (second armature coil). Switchable between three-phase four-wire and single-phase three-wire That. The output from the synchronous generator 11 is the voltage switching terminal block 13.
To the output terminals U, V, W of the output terminal plate 16 through the circuit breaker 15.

Further, a first voltage detecting means for detecting whether or not there is a potential difference between the inner end Z2 and the neutral point O between the inner end Z2 and the neutral point O of the W-phase armature coil. A relay RY1 is provided to detect the presence or absence of a potential difference between the outer end V2 and the outer end V1 between the outer end V2 of the inner coil 12a and the outer end V1 of the outer coil 12b in the V-phase armature coil. Second voltage detection means
A relay RY2 is provided, and a protection circuit 17 is provided in which a normally open contact of the first relay RY1, a normally open contact of the second relay RY2, and a breaker trip coil TC for tripping the circuit breaker 15 are connected in series.

Further, between the inner end Z2 of the W-phase armature coil and the neutral point O, the single-phase operation indicator LP1 is connected to the inner end Z2 of the W-phase armature coil and the inner coil of the V-phase armature coil. Outer end V of 12a
3 is provided with a three-phase operation indicator light LP2. In the following description, the three-phase high voltage output is 400 V, the three-phase low voltage output is 200 V, and the single-phase output is 100 V / 2.
It will be described as 00V.

First, as shown in FIG. 8B, the lever of the single-phase / three-phase switch 14 is moved to the three-phase side 14a.
When the short-circuit plate 13a of the voltage switching terminal block 13 is arranged as shown in FIG. 6, the inner coil 12a and the outer coil 12b in each armature coil are connected in series as shown in FIG. It becomes a state. That is, the inner ends X2, Y2 of the inner coil 12a of each phase
, Z2 are connected to the neutral point O, the outer end U2 of the inner coil 12a in the U phase and the inner end X1 of the outer coil 12b are connected, and the outer end V2 and the outer coil of the inner coil 12a in the V phase. The inner end Y1 of 12b is connected, and the outer end W2 of the inner coil 12a in the W phase and the inner end Z1 of the outer coil 12b are connected, so that the inner and outer coils 12a and 12b are connected in series. The outer ends (output ends) U1 of the outer coils 12b
400V three-phase alternating current is generated between V1 and W1, and 400V three-phase alternating current (including O including output terminals R, S, T) is output to the output terminals U, V, W of the output terminal plate 16 via the circuit breaker 15. , N three-phase four-wire AC).

At this time, since no potential difference is generated between the inner end Z2 of the W-phase armature coil and the neutral point O, the first relay RY1 is turned off, and the single-phase operation indicator LP1 is also turned off. Since a potential difference is generated between the outer end V2 of the inner coil 12a and the outer end V1 of the outer coil 12b in the child coil, the second relay RY2 is ON, the inner end Z2 of the W-phase armature coil and the V-phase electric machine. Since a potential difference is also generated between the child coil and the outer end V2 of the inner coil 12a, the three-phase operation indicator LP2 is also turned on. In the protection circuit 17, the normally open contact of the second relay RY2 is closed, but the normally open contact of the first relay RY1 is open, so that the breaker trip coil TC is inactive.

Further, when the short-circuit plate 13a of the voltage switching terminal block 13 is arranged as shown in FIG. 7 in the state where the single-phase / three-phase changeover switch 14 is set to the three-phase side 14a, as shown in FIG. The inner coil 12a and the outer coil 12b are connected in parallel.

That is, the outer end U2 of the inner coil 12a in the U phase and the outer end U1 of the outer coil 12b are connected, the outer end V2 of the inner coil 12a in the V phase and the outer end V1 of the outer coil 12b are connected, and the W phase The outer end W2 of the inner coil 12a and the outer end W1 of the outer coil 12b are connected to each other, and the inner ends X1, Y1, Z1 of the outer coils 12b are connected to the inner coils 1 respectively.
When the state is connected to the neutral point via the inner ends X2, Y2 and Z2 of 2a, the inner and outer coils 12a and 12b are connected in parallel, and the outer ends U1 (U2) of the respective coils are connected.
, V1 (V2), W1 (W2), a 200V three-phase alternating current is generated, and a 200V three-phase alternating current (neutral point O is applied to the output terminals U, V, W of the output terminal plate 16 via the circuit breaker 15. Including output terminal R,
S, T, N three-phase four-wire AC) is output.

At this time, since no potential difference is generated between the inner end Z2 of the W-phase armature coil and the neutral point O, the first relay RY1 is turned off, and the single-phase operation indicator LP1 is also turned off. Since no potential difference is generated between the outer end V2 of the inner coil 12a and the outer end V1 of the outer coil 12b in the child coil, the second relay RY2 is also OFF, the inner end Z2 of the W-phase armature coil and the V-phase electric machine Since a potential difference is generated with the outer end V2 of the inner coil 12a in the child coil, the three-phase operation indicator lamp LP2 is turned on. In the protection circuit 17, since the normally open contacts of the first relay RY1 and the second relay RY2 are both open, the breaker trip coil TC is inactive.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8A, the lever of the single-phase / three-phase switch 14 is moved to the single-phase side 14b.
When the short-circuit plate 13a of the voltage switching terminal block 13 is arranged as shown in FIG. 7, the inner and outer coils 12a and 12b of each phase are connected in parallel as in the low voltage output state as shown in FIG. In addition, the connection destination of the inner end Z2 of the W-phase inner coil 12a is changed from the neutral point O to the outer end V1 of the V-phase outer coil 12b by switching the single-phase / three-phase selector switch 14.
Or it switches to the outer end V2 of the inner coil 12a. At the same time, the output terminal V of the output terminal plate 16 is switched to the state connected to the neutral point O.

Accordingly, the neutral point O, the outer end U1 (U2) of the U-phase coil, and the outer end W of the W-phase coil.
1 (W2), a low-voltage single-phase three-wire AC is generated, and an output terminal V connected to the neutral point O via the circuit breaker 15; an output terminal U connected to the outer end U2 of the U-phase; , A low-pressure single-phase three-wire AC is output from the output terminal W connected to the outer end W2 of the W-phase, and each output terminal U, V, W corresponds to a single-phase three-wire output terminal R, N, T Between the output terminal V and the output terminal U, and
A 100 V single-phase alternating current is output between the output terminal V and the output terminal W, and a 200 V single-phase alternating current is output between the output terminal U and the output terminal W, respectively. Therefore, the portable engine generator shown in this embodiment is used for office use, home use, etc. by setting the connection state of each of the three-phase armature coils 12 of U phase, V phase, and W phase as shown in FIG. It can be used as a power source for general electric equipment.

At this time, since a potential difference is generated between the inner end Z2 of the W-phase armature coil and the neutral point O, the first relay RY1 is turned on. Similarly, the single-phase operation indicator LP1 is also turned on. Since no potential difference is generated between the outer end V2 of the inner coil 12a and the outer end V1 of the outer coil 12b in the child coil, the second relay RY2 is OFF, the inner end Z2 of the W-phase armature coil and the V-phase electric machine. Since no potential difference is generated between the inner coil 12a and the outer end V2 of the child coil, the three-phase operation indicator LP2 is also turned off. In the protection circuit 17, the normally open contact of the first relay RY1 is closed, but since the normally open contact of the second relay RY2 is open, the breaker trip coil TC is inactive.

Here, for some reason, when the short-circuit plate 13a of the voltage switching terminal block 13 is arranged as shown in FIG. 6 and the single-phase / three-phase switch 14 is switched to the single-phase side 14b, each armature coil 12 is switched.
As shown in FIG. 5, the inner and outer coils 12a and 12b of each phase are in a state in which the inner and outer coils 12a and 12b are connected in series, as in the connection state shown in FIG.
Similarly to the connection state shown in FIG. 4, the connection destination of the inner end Z2 of the W-phase coil 12a is connected to the outer end V1 of the V-phase coil 12b.

In this connected state, since the inner and outer coils 12a and 12b are in a high voltage output state connected in series, the neutral point O that outputs a single-phase three-wire system and the outer end U1 of the U-phase outer coil 12b.
And a voltage of 200 V is generated at each of the outer ends W1 of the W-phase outer coil 12b. From the output terminals U, V, and W of the output terminal plate 16, between the output terminals V and U, and A single-phase alternating current of 200 V is output between the output terminal V and the output terminal W, and a single-phase alternating current of 400 V is output between the output terminal U and the output terminal W, respectively.

In this case, when a general electric device for office use, home use, etc. is connected to the output terminal board 16, the single-phase 100V terminals are originally single-phase 200V, and the single-phase 200V terminals are originally single-phase. Since the phase is 400 V, twice the voltage acts on the connected electrical equipment, and there is a risk that the wiring and components will burn out and the electrical equipment will be damaged.

At this time, since a potential difference is generated between the inner end Z2 of the W-phase armature coil and the neutral point O, the first relay RY1 is turned on. Similarly, the single-phase operation indicator LP1 is also turned on. Since a potential difference also occurs between the outer end V2 of the inner coil 12a and the outer end V1 of the outer coil 12b in the child coil, the second relay RY2 is also turned on, and the inner end Z2 of the W-phase armature coil and the V-phase Since no potential difference is generated between the armature coil and the outer end V2 of the inner coil 12a, the three-phase operation indicator lamp LP2 is turned off.

Therefore, in the protection circuit 17, since the normally open contacts of the first relay RY1 and the second relay RY2 are both closed and the breaker trip coil TC is energized, the breaker trip coil TC is activated and the breaker 15 is turned on. Trip. That is, the first relay RY1
And the normally open contact of the second relay RY2 and the breaker trip coil TC for tripping the circuit breaker 15 are arranged in series, and the breaker trips when both the first relay RY1 and the second relay RY2 are turned on. By providing the protection circuit 17 for tripping the circuit breaker 15 by the action of the coil TC, the short-circuit plate 13a of the voltage switching terminal block 13 is arranged as shown in FIG. 6, and the single-phase / three-phase changeover switch 14 is a single-phase. When the arm 14 is switched to the side 14b and the connection state of each armature coil 12 becomes the state shown in FIG. 5, both the first relay RY1 and the second relay RY2 are turned ON to automatically trip the circuit breaker 15. This prevents a single-phase high voltage from being output to the output terminal plate 16.

Further, by providing the protection circuit 17 with a relay circuit for stopping the engine, the engine that drives the synchronous generator 11 when an abnormal state in which a single-phase high voltage is output is obtained. It can be stopped and wasteful consumption of fuel can be prevented. When the engine is stopped and the synchronous generator 11 is stopped, the single-phase operation indicator light LP1 is turned off, and both the operation indicator lights LP1 and LP2 are turned off.

In this way, the voltage switching terminal block 13 is in a state in which the inner and outer coils are connected in series,
In addition, a simple configuration in which relays RY1, RY2 and breaker trip coil TC, which are turned on when the single-phase / three-phase changeover switch 14 is on the single-phase side, are connected in series, is a single-phase 100V. In addition, it is possible to automatically and reliably prevent a high voltage from acting on a load used at 200V.

The first relay RY1 can be provided at any position as long as the potential difference is different between the three-phase connection and the single-phase connection. The second relay RY2 has a potential difference between the series connection and the parallel connection of the inner and outer coils. Any different positions can be provided. For example, the second relay RY2 can be provided between the inner end of the inner coil and the inner end of the outer coil. Each relay R
Y1 and RY2 should be used so that a high voltage is not output to the output terminal plate 16 even for a moment during single-phase output, and the voltage operates until the voltage rises to 100 V after the start of operation of the generator. Preferably, for example, it is desirable to use a semiconductor relay.

Further, the first detection means for detecting that the single-phase three-wire system is in a state of outputting is not limited to the first relay RY1, but detects the switching state of the single-phase / three-phase setting means. For example, the detection means 14c such as a limit switch, a photoelectric switch, a proximity switch, or the like may detect that the lever of the single-phase / three-phase switch 14 is at the position of the single-phase side 14b. Good. Similarly, the second detection means for detecting that the inner and outer coils are connected in series is not limited to the second relay RY2, and the short-circuit plate 13a of the voltage switching terminal block 13 is shown in FIG. The limit switch, photoelectric switch,
You may make it detect with the detection means 13b, such as a proximity switch.

Conversely, it is detected that the lever of the single-phase / three-phase selector switch 14 is in the position of the three-phase side 14a, or that the short-circuit plate 13a of the voltage switching terminal block 13 is in the position shown in FIG. By doing so, it is possible to form a protection circuit similar to the above, and to detect whether the lever of the single-phase / three-phase switch 14 is on the three-phase side 14a or the single-phase side 14b. Both may be provided with detection means, or both may be provided with detection means so as to detect whether the short-circuit plate 13a of the voltage switching terminal block 13 is in the position shown in FIG. 6 or the position shown in FIG. Good. Furthermore, the output stop means may be configured to stop the generator driving engine instead of tripping the circuit breaker.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Synchronous generator, 12 ... Armature coil, 12a ... Inner coil, 12b ... Outer coil,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 13 ... Voltage switching terminal block, 13a ... Short circuit board, 13b ... Detection means, 14 ... Single phase / three phase changeover switch, 14a ... Three phase side, 14b ... Single phase side, 14c ... Detection means, 15 ... Circuit breaker, 16 ... Output terminal board, 17 ... Protection circuit

Claims (1)

Voltage setting means for switching the output from the synchronous generator driven by the engine to the output terminal plate between high voltage output and low voltage output, and single phase / three phase setting means for switching between single phase output and three phase output; In a portable engine generator equipped with
First detection means for detecting that the setting of the single-phase / three-phase setting means is a single-phase output state;
Second detection means for detecting that the setting of the voltage setting means is a high voltage output state;
Output stop means for stopping output to the output terminal plate when the first detection means detects a single-phase output state and the second detection means detects a high voltage output state. ,
The synchronous generator includes a three-phase armature coil Y-connected to a neutral point with a phase difference of 120 degrees, an inner coil whose inner end is connected to the neutral point, and a series or It is divided into outer coils connected in parallel,
The voltage setting means connects the outer end of the inner coil and the inner end of the outer coil in the synchronous generator and connects the inner and outer coils in series. When connecting the inner end of the inner coil and the inner end of the outer coil and connecting the outer end of the inner coil and the outer end of the outer coil to connect the inner and outer coils in parallel, It is set to switch to a state in which low voltage three-phase alternating current is output from the output terminal at the end,
The single-phase / three-phase setting means is configured from three output points at the outer end of each armature coil and the neutral point when a neutral point connection end of a three-phase armature coil is connected to the neutral point. When the phase four-wire system is connected to the output end of the second armature coil when the neutral point connection end of the first armature coil in the three-phase armature coil is connected, the first armature coil Switching to a state in which a single-phase three-wire system is output from each of the output point of the outer end, the output end of the third armature coil, and the neutral point,
The first detection means is first voltage detection means provided between a neutral point connection end of the first armature coil and the neutral point;
The second detection means is provided between the inner end of the inner coil and the inner end of the outer coil in any one armature coil of the three-phase armature coils, or the outer end of the inner coil and the outer coil. A second voltage detecting means provided between the first end and the second end;
The portable engine generator is characterized in that the output stop means is a circuit breaker trip means that operates when both voltage detection means detect a voltage and is turned ON to trip the circuit breaker. .

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