JP5620009B2 - Renewable energy generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a renewable energy power generation device that generates electric power from renewable energy. Here, the renewable energy type power generation device is a power generation device using renewable energy such as wind, tidal current, ocean current, river flow, etc., for example, wind power generation device, tidal current power generation device, ocean current power generation device, river current power generation device, etc. Can be mentioned.

  In recent years, from the viewpoint of conservation of the global environment, wind power generators using wind power and renewable energy power generators including power generators using tidal currents, ocean currents, or river currents have been widely used. In the regenerative energy type power generation device, the kinetic energy of wind, tidal current, ocean current or river current is converted into the rotational energy of the rotor, and the rotational energy of the rotor is converted into electric power by the generator.

Such a renewable energy type power generator has a nacelle that is rotatably supported at the upper end of the tower. In the nacelle, for example, a rotating shaft that rotates together with the blade and the hub, and a device such as a power transmission mechanism that transmits the rotation of the rotating shaft to the generator are arranged.
For example, Patent Documents 1 to 7 disclose a nacelle structure including a plurality of units. Patent Documents 5 to 7 also disclose a nacelle structure having a nacelle base plate attached to a tower via a yaw bearing and a frame provided so as to surround equipment accommodated in the nacelle.

European Patent Application No. 2375066 US Patent Application Publication No. 2011/0097202 International Publication No. 2011-117005 International Publication No. 2011/051272 European Patent Application No. 2196668 European Patent Application No. 2317137 International Publication No. 1997/03288

By the way, the nacelle of the regenerative energy type power generation apparatus is required not only to support the own weight of the equipment accommodated in the nacelle but also to be rigid enough to withstand loads of various components transmitted from the regenerative energy source to the rotating shaft. In particular, in recent years, the size of the renewable energy type power generation device has been increased, and the load transmitted from the rotating shaft to the nacelle tends to increase. Therefore, it is desired to improve the rigidity of the nacelle. On the other hand, reducing the weight of the nacelle not only reduces the manufacturing cost of the nacelle, but also facilitates the design of the tower, leading to a reduction in the manufacturing cost of the entire regenerative energy power generator.
Therefore, it is required to ensure the rigidity of the nacelle and reduce the weight.

In this regard, the wind power generators described in Patent Documents 1 to 7 cannot be said to have sufficient measures for achieving both the rigidity and weight reduction of the nacelle.
For example, in the wind power generator described in Patent Document 7, a configuration in which a rotating shaft and a gear box (speed increaser) are installed on a nacelle base plate directly supported by a tower is disclosed. However, this wind power generator uses a gear box as a power transmission mechanism, and the load of the rotating shaft is transmitted to the generator through the gear box, so that the area of the nacelle for supporting the generator is also high. Rigidity is required. For this reason, there is a limit to reducing the weight of the entire nacelle.

  An object of at least one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a regenerative energy type power generator that can reduce the weight of a nacelle while maintaining rigidity capable of withstanding the loads of various components transmitted from a regenerative energy source to a rotating shaft. And

  A renewable energy type power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention is a renewable energy type power generation device that generates power using renewable energy, and includes a tower, at least one blade, and the at least one blade. An attached hub, a rotating shaft connected to the hub, a nacelle base plate attached to the tower, and a common base plate formed separately from the nacelle base plate and supported by the nacelle base plate Including a nacelle, a main bearing that rotatably supports the rotating shaft on the nacelle base plate, a hydraulic pump that is attached to the rotating shaft and generates pressure oil by rotation of the rotating shaft, and from the hydraulic pump A hydraulic motor driven by the pressure oil; and a generator driven by the hydraulic motor, and the common base plate includes the hydraulic motor and a front Generator is placed.

In the above regenerative energy type power generation device, since the common base plate on which the hydraulic motor and the generator are installed is provided separately from the nacelle base plate on which the rotating shaft is supported via the main bearing, the weight of the entire nacelle Mitigation is possible. That is, since the shaft system on the hydraulic motor side (the output shaft of the hydraulic motor) is separated from the shaft system on the hydraulic pump side including the rotating shaft, the loads of various components transmitted from the regenerative energy source to the rotating shaft are the main bearing and It is transmitted to the tower via the nacelle base plate and not transmitted to the shaft system on the hydraulic motor side. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the weight of the common base plate and the structural part that supports the common base plate to the nacelle base plate, and the weight of the entire nacelle without impairing the rigidity that can withstand the loads of various components transmitted from the regenerative energy source to the rotating shaft. Reduction can be achieved.
When both the hydraulic motor and generator are mounted on the same plate (common base plate), a moment in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the output shaft of the hydraulic motor acts on the common base plate from the hydraulic motor, and the output A moment in the same direction as the rotational direction of the shaft acts on the common base plate from the generator. Since the opposite moments acting on the common base plate from each of the hydraulic motor and the generator cancel each other, the load acting on the common base plate and the structural part supporting the common base plate on the nacelle base plate is mainly used for the hydraulic motor and the power generator. Only the weight of the machine. This makes it possible to reduce the weight of the common base plate and the structural portion that supports the common base plate on the nacelle base plate, and further reduce the weight of the nacelle as a whole.

In some embodiments, the regenerative energy type power generating device includes a yaw deck attached to extend laterally from the nacelle base plate, and a yaw bearing interposed between the tower and the nacelle base plate. And a yaw drive mechanism that is disposed on the yaw deck and rotates the nacelle base plate in the yaw direction with respect to the tower, and the common base plate is disposed at a higher position than the yaw deck, A first level on which the yaw drive mechanism is installed and a second level on which at least the hydraulic motor and the generator are installed are located above the first level by the yaw deck and the common base plate, respectively. It may be formed.
Generally, the yaw drive mechanism is disposed in the vicinity of the yaw bearing. On the other hand, since the hydraulic motor is connected to the hydraulic pump by piping, the degree of freedom of arrangement of the hydraulic motor and the generator is relatively high. Therefore, by arranging the common base plate on which the hydraulic motor and the generator are placed at a higher position than the yaw deck on which the yaw drive mechanism is arranged, the space in the nacelle can be used effectively.

In some embodiments, the nacelle may have a multi-layer structure including the first layer and the second layer, and may further include a nacelle frame attached to the nacelle base plate.
As described above, the nacelle has a multi-hierarchy structure, so that the space in the nacelle can be used effectively, and the multi-hierarchy structure can be easily realized by attaching the nacelle frame to the nacelle base plate.

In some embodiments, the nacelle base plate extends along a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the rotating shaft, a horizontal plate portion extending in the horizontal direction, a wall portion provided on the horizontal plate portion, and the rotating shaft. And a rib extending between a pair of inner wall surfaces of the wall portion opposed to each other with the rotating shaft interposed therebetween, wherein the rib is surrounded by the horizontal plate portion, the wall portion, and the rib. An opening may be provided for accessing the device.
Thus, by forming the maintenance space inside the nacelle base plate, the operator enters the maintenance space from the opening for accessing the maintenance space, and the yaw bearing or nacelle located below the nacelle base plate Maintenance of equipment such as a main bearing attached to the upper part of the base plate can be easily performed.

In some embodiments, the nacelle may further include a side nacelle frame that is attached to the nacelle base plate and forms a maintenance space for the rotary shaft on a side of the rotary shaft.
Thus, the maintenance space for the rotating shaft can be easily maintained by forming the space for maintenance on the side of the rotating shaft by the side nacelle frame. Further, since the side nacelle frame is configured separately from the nacelle base plate, the load from the rotating shaft is not directly transmitted to the side nacelle frame. Therefore, the side nacelle frame is not required to be as rigid as the nacelle base plate, and can be reduced in weight.

In some embodiments, the brake disc fixed by joint fastening with the hub and the rotating shaft, and a bearing box that houses the main bearing are attached, and a brake pad is pressed against the brake disc to the rotating shaft. The brake mechanism further includes a brake caliper that applies a braking force, and the nacelle is attached to the nacelle base plate so as to extend further forward than the brake disk, thereby forming a maintenance space for the brake mechanism. A forward nacelle frame may be included.
Hereinafter, the front means the hub side in the axial direction of the rotary shaft extending from the hub toward the hydraulic pump, and the rear means the hydraulic pump side.
In the above regenerative energy type power generator, the brake mechanism is located at the front end of the nacelle, so that it is difficult for an operator to access from the nacelle base plate during maintenance of the brake mechanism. Therefore, by attaching the front nacelle frame extending forward of the brake disc to the nacelle base plate, a maintenance space for the brake mechanism is formed, and the brake mechanism can be easily maintained.

In some embodiments, the nacelle includes a rear nacelle frame attached to the nacelle base plate so as to extend rearward of the nacelle, and the rear nacelle frame is formed behind the nacelle base plate by bolts. It may be fastened to the flange surface.
In this case, the nacelle may include a rear floor plate supported by the rear nacelle frame and forming a rear floor in the nacelle.
In this way, by fastening the rear nacelle frame to the flange surface formed behind the nacelle base plate and forming a space behind the nacelle by the rear nacelle frame and the rear floor, various devices can be arranged behind the nacelle. It becomes possible. Further, since the rear nacelle frame is formed separately from the nacelle base plate, the load from the rotating shaft is not directly transmitted to the rear nacelle frame. For this reason, the rear nacelle frame is not required to be as rigid as the nacelle base plate, and can be reduced in weight.

In some embodiments, the main bearing includes a pair of a front bearing and a rear bearing disposed between the hub and the hydraulic pump, and the front bearing close to the hub and the hydraulic pump. It further includes a connection frame that connects the rear bearing on the near side, and the connection frame is attached to the nacelle base plate. The front bearing and the rear bearing are bearings such as an inner ring, an outer ring, and a rolling element, respectively. Part, and a bearing housing.
The front bearing and the rear bearing that pivotally support the rotating shaft are each supported by the nacelle base plate from below and are connected to each other by a connecting frame. Therefore, since the bearing box of each bearing is restrained by the nacelle base plate and the connecting frame, concentricity between the bearings can be maintained.

In some embodiments, the connection frame may include a crane attachment for raising and lowering the equipment housed in the nacelle.
The connecting frame is supported on the nacelle base plate via the main bearing. Usually, the main bearing and nacelle base plate are designed to have high rigidity to support the rotating shaft. Therefore, by attaching a crane to the connection frame, even a heavy equipment can be moved up and down.

In some embodiments, the nacelle may be configured such that a ceiling above the nacelle base plate can be opened.
Thus, by opening the ceiling above the nacelle base plate, it becomes possible to easily carry the equipment accommodated in the nacelle during installation, disassembly, or maintenance of the regenerative energy power generation device. For example, when the equipment is hung and moved by a crane attached to the connecting frame, the crane can be easily attached to the connecting frame by opening the ceiling, and the equipment can be moved between the nacelle and the outside. It becomes possible. In particular, even a large device such as a hydraulic pump or a generator provided on the nacelle base plate can be moved.

In some embodiments, the ceiling may be provided with at least one opening that is used for maintenance of equipment housed in the nacelle and communicates with the outside.
Thereby, at the time of the maintenance of the equipment accommodated in the nacelle, the equipment can be moved between the inside of the nacelle and the outside through the opening.
In some embodiments, the ceiling is provided with at least one opening and at least one cover for closing the opening, and the at least one cover is a device that is accommodated in the nacelle. It may be configured to be slidable so that the at least one opening is opened when the crane is moved up and down by a crane.
Thus, by providing a slidable cover in the opening, the opening can be easily opened and closed even in a large-scale renewable energy power generation device.

In some embodiments, the top surface of the nacelle may be provided with at least one access deck accessible by a helicopter.
In a renewable energy power generation apparatus in which a nacelle is attached to the upper end of a tower, equipment may be carried into and out of the nacelle using a helicopter. Therefore, by providing an access deck on the upper surface of the nacelle, it is possible to easily carry in and out the equipment. For example, it is also possible to suspend the device with the helicopter hovered, place it on the deck on the top of the nacelle, and carry the device into the nacelle through the opening on the ceiling of the nacelle.

In some embodiments, the nacelle may further include at least one cooling duct attached to a rear portion of the nacelle far from the hub, and the cooling duct may be supported by the nacelle frame.
There are a plurality of heat generation sources such as hydraulic pumps and generators in the nacelle. Therefore, by providing the cooling duct, the heat generated from the heat generation source can be released to the outside of the nacelle. In addition, since equipment such as a main bearing of a rotating shaft and a hydraulic pump are installed in front to the center of the nacelle, the cooling duct can be supported by the nacelle frame at the rear of the nacelle, thereby preventing the nacelle from becoming large. .

In some embodiments, the nacelle is attached to the nacelle base plate so as to cover at least a nacelle frame that supports the common base plate, and a device that is fastened to the nacelle frame and accommodated in the nacelle. And a nacelle cover disposed on the surface.
Thus, by attaching the common base plate and the nacelle cover to the nacelle frame, the degree of freedom of arrangement is improved as compared with the case of directly attaching to the nacelle base plate.

In some embodiments, the nacelle cover may be formed of one or more materials selected from the group consisting of fiber reinforced plastic, aluminum, and aluminum alloys.
Thereby, the weight reduction of a nacelle cover can be achieved.

In some embodiments, the nacelle base plate may be formed by casting.
Thereby, even a nacelle base plate having a complicated shape can be manufactured with high rigidity.

In some embodiments, the nacelle frame may be formed of mold steel.
Thereby, it is also possible to support a heavy device by the nacelle frame.

According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, since the common base plate on which the hydraulic motor and the generator are installed is provided separately from the nacelle base plate on which the rotating shaft is supported via the main bearing, the entire nacelle As a result, the weight can be reduced.
Also, by mounting both the hydraulic motor and the generator on the same plate (common base plate), the opposite moments acting on the common base plate from each of the hydraulic motor and generator cancel each other, It is possible to reduce the weight of the structural part that supports the base plate and the common base plate on the nacelle base plate, and it is possible to further reduce the weight of the entire nacelle.

It is a figure which shows the outline of the whole structure of the wind power generator which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the structural example inside the nacelle of the wind power generator which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the structural example of the nacelle baseplate in one Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the structural example inside the nacelle of the wind power generator which concerns on one Embodiment. It is sectional drawing along the AA line in FIG. It is a side view which shows the structural example inside the nacelle of the wind power generator which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a figure explaining the moment which acts on a common baseplate. It is a figure which shows the detailed structure of a brake disc periphery. It is a perspective view of the nacelle which attached the nacelle cover. It is a perspective view of the nacelle which attached the crane.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified, and are merely illustrative examples. Only.

  In the following embodiments, a wind power generator will be described as an example of a renewable energy power generator. However, the present invention can also be applied to other renewable energy power generation devices such as tidal current power generation devices, ocean current power generation devices, and river current power generation devices.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of the overall configuration of a wind turbine generator according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration example inside the nacelle of the wind turbine generator according to the embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the wind turbine generator 1 includes a rotor 3 composed of blades 2 and a hub 4, a rotating shaft 6 connected to the hub 4 of the rotor 3, a generator 16 that generates electric power, and rotation. And a hydraulic transmission 10 that transmits the rotational energy of the shaft 6 to the generator 16.
The hub 4 is covered with a hub cover 5. Further, at least the rotary shaft 6 and the hydraulic transmission 10 are accommodated in a nacelle 40 installed on a tower 8 that is erected on the ocean or on the ground.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the nacelle 40 is formed separately from the nacelle base plate 42 attached to the tower 8 and the nacelle base plate 42, and is supported by the nacelle base plate 42. Including. A main bearing that rotatably supports the rotary shaft 6 is attached to the nacelle base plate 42. On the other hand, the hydraulic motor 14 and the generator 16 are placed on the common base plate 46.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the nacelle base plate 42 is supported by the tower 8 so as to be rotatable in the yaw direction with respect to the tower 8. In one embodiment, the yaw bearing 20 is interposed between the tower 8 and the nacelle base plate 42. The yaw bearing 20 includes an outer ring 22 fixed to the tower 8 side, an inner ring 24 fixed to the nacelle base plate 42, and a rolling element 23 disposed between the outer ring 22 and the inner ring 24. A ring gear 27 is provided on the tower 8, and a pinion gear 26 that meshes with the ring gear 27 is provided on the nacelle base plate 42. A yaw motor 25 is attached to the pinion gear 26. Therefore, when the yaw motor 25 is driven to rotate the pinion gear 26, the nacelle base plate 42 supported by the tower 8 via the yaw bearing 20 is rotated.

The main bearing attached to the nacelle base plate 42 may have the following configuration.
In one embodiment, the main bearing includes a front bearing 32 and a rear bearing 34 that are attached to a rotating shaft. The front bearing 32 and the rear bearing 34 each include a bearing portion such as an inner ring, an outer ring, and a rolling element, and a bearing box. In addition, although the figure illustrated the main bearing including the front bearing 32 and the rear bearing 34, the number of bearings is not specifically limited, At least one should just exist.
The front bearing 32 and the rear bearing 34 may be connected to each other by a connecting frame 35 as shown in FIG. The connecting frame 35 is provided above the rotating shaft 6 and connects the upper portions of the bearings 32 and 34 to each other, and a pair of supporting the connecting plate portions 36 on the nacelle base plate 42 on both sides of the rotating shaft 6. The support part 37 may be included. Thereby, the upper part of each bearing 32 and 34 can be connected by the connection board part 36, and it can contribute to concentric maintenance between each bearing 32 and 34. FIG. Further, the connecting frame 35 may have a crane attachment portion 80. A crane used for moving the equipment accommodated in the nacelle 40 is attached to the crane attachment portion 80. Thereby, even when attaching a crane to the crane attachment part 80, the load of a crane can be supported by the nacelle baseplate 42 via the support part 37. FIG.
In addition, the crane attaching part 80 may be comprised so that the jib of a crane can be fixed using arbitrary fastening members. The crane installation will be described in detail later.

Here, the hydraulic transmission 10 disposed in the nacelle 40 will be described.
In one embodiment, the hydraulic transmission 10 includes a hydraulic pump 12 attached to the rotating shaft 6 and a hydraulic motor connected to the hydraulic pump 12 via a high pressure oil line 13 and a low pressure oil line 15 as shown in FIG. 14 and the like. The hydraulic pump 12 is driven by the rotary shaft 6 to increase the pressure of the hydraulic oil and generate high-pressure hydraulic oil (pressure oil). The outlet of the hydraulic pump 12 is connected to the inlet of the hydraulic motor 14 via the high pressure oil line 13. Therefore, the pressure oil generated by the hydraulic pump 12 is supplied to the hydraulic motor 14 via the high-pressure oil line 13, and the hydraulic motor 14 is driven by this pressure oil. The low-pressure hydraulic oil that has been worked by the hydraulic motor 14 is returned again to the hydraulic pump 12 via the low-pressure oil line 15 provided between the outlet of the hydraulic motor 14 and the inlet of the hydraulic pump 12. The output shaft of the hydraulic motor 14 is connected to the rotating shaft of the generator 16, and the rotation of the hydraulic motor 14 is input to the generator 16.
In addition, the number of the hydraulic pump 12, the hydraulic motor 14, and the generator 16 is not specifically limited, Each should just be at least one.

  The hydraulic pump 12 is attached to the end of the rotating shaft 6 supported by the nacelle base plate 42 via a main bearing. Further, the hydraulic pump 12 may be supported on the nacelle base plate 42 by a torque support (not shown). In this case, the torque support may be configured to apply a reaction torque from the rotary shaft 6 to the hydraulic pump 12 while allowing the displacement of the hydraulic pump 12 and to support the hydraulic pump 12 on the nacelle base plate 42.

  The output shaft 17 of the hydraulic motor 14 is connected to the generator 16, and the hydraulic motor 14 and the generator 16 are mounted on the common base plate 46 in a state of being connected via the output shaft 17. The common base plate 46 is formed separately from the nacelle base plate 42 and is supported by the nacelle base plate 42 via the nacelle frame 44. The common base plate 46 is supported by the tower 8 via the nacelle base plate 42, and the common base plate 46 and the tower 8 are not directly connected. The common base plate 46 may be supported by the nacelle base plate 42 through at least one of an elastic member and a damper mechanism. Thereby, the vibration at the time of the drive of the hydraulic motor 14 and the generator 16 can be attenuate | damped, and these can be stably supported to the nacelle 40 side.

According to the wind power generator 1, the common base plate 46 on which the hydraulic motor 14 and the generator 16 are installed is provided separately from the nacelle base plate 42 on which the rotary shaft 6 is supported via the main bearing. The weight of the nacelle 40 as a whole can be reduced.
As shown in FIG. 2, when the rotor 3 rotates by receiving wind, the moment Mx around the axial direction of the rotary shaft 6 and the moment My around the direction perpendicular to the axial direction from the rotor 3 to the rotary shaft 6. , Mz (the central axes of the moments My, Mz are vertical), the load Fx in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 6 and the loads Fy, Fz in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction (the directions of the loads Fy, Fz are vertical). ) Acts. Of these loads (including moments), only the moment Mx around the axial direction of the rotary shaft 6 is basically recovered as energy by the hydraulic transmission 10. Therefore, loads of other components are transmitted to the tower 8 through the rotating shaft 6. At this time, since the shaft system on the hydraulic motor 14 side (the output shaft 17 of the hydraulic motor 14) is separated from the shaft system on the hydraulic pump side including the rotating shaft 6, loads of various components transmitted from the wind to the rotating shaft 6. Is transmitted to the tower 8 via the main bearing and the nacelle base plate 42 and is not transmitted to the shaft system on the hydraulic motor 14 side. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the weight of the common base plate 46 and the structural portion (for example, the nacelle frame 44 described later) that supports the common base plate 46 on the nacelle base plate 42, and withstand the loads of various components transmitted from the wind to the rotating shaft 6. The weight of the nacelle 40 as a whole can be reduced without impairing the obtained rigidity. That is, unlike the nacelle base plate 42 included in the transmission path of the load component (including the moment) other than the moment Mx from the rotary shaft 6 to the tower 8, the common base plate 46 and the nacelle frame not included in the transmission path. 44 and the like may be less rigid than the nacelle base plate 42, and therefore the common base plate 46 and the nacelle frame 44 can be reduced in weight.
As shown in FIG. 7, when both the hydraulic motor 14 and the generator 16 are mounted on the same plate (common base plate), the moment M in the direction opposite to the rotation direction R of the output shaft 17 of the hydraulic motor 14 is obtained. _M along with acting on the common base plate 46 from the hydraulic motor 14, the rotation direction R in the same direction of the moment M _G of the output shaft 17 is applied to the common base plate 46 from the generator 16. Opposite direction of the moment M _M acting on the common base plate 46 from each of the hydraulic motor 14 and the generator _16, since M _G cancel each other, to support the common base plate 46 and the common base plate 46 in the nacelle base plate 42 structure The load acting on the portion is mainly only the own weight of the hydraulic motor 14 and the generator 16. This makes it possible to reduce the weight of the common base plate 46 and the structural portion that supports the common base plate 46 on the nacelle base plate 42 (for example, the nacelle frame 44 described later), and further reduces the weight of the nacelle 40 as a whole. It becomes possible.

Next, a detailed configuration example of the nacelle 40 will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration example of a nacelle base plate according to an embodiment. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a configuration example inside the nacelle of the wind turbine generator according to the embodiment. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG. 6 is a side view showing a configuration example inside the nacelle of the wind turbine generator according to the embodiment.

  In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the nacelle 40 is connected to the nacelle base plate 42 via the nacelle frame 44, the nacelle base plate 42 that supports the main bearing, the nacelle frame 44 fixed to the nacelle base plate 42, and the nacelle frame 44. A common base plate 46 to be supported and a nacelle cover 41 which is attached to the nacelle frame 44 and covers equipment in the nacelle 40 are included. The nacelle base plate 42 may be made of a casting such as spheroidal graphite cast iron or tough cast iron. The nacelle frame 44 may be formed of, for example, mold steel. The nacelle cover 41 may be formed of, for example, one or more materials selected from the group consisting of fiber reinforced plastic, aluminum, and aluminum alloys.

As shown in FIG. 3, the nacelle base plate 42 includes a horizontal plate portion 420 extending in the horizontal direction, a wall portion 424 erected on the horizontal plate portion 420, and a pair of opposed inner wall surfaces of the wall portion 424. A rib 426 extending in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 6 may be included.
A concave portion 422 is provided in a portion of the wall portion 424 of the nacelle base plate 42 on the hub 4 side, and a lower portion of the front bearing 32 (specifically, a bearing box of the front bearing 32) is engaged with the concave portion 422. It is like that. Similarly, the rib 426 is provided with a recess 423, and the lower portion of the rear bearing 34 (specifically, the bearing box of the rear bearing 34) is engaged with the recess 423. As shown in FIG. 2, the bearings 32 and 34 engaged with the recesses 423 and 427 are fastened to the nacelle base plate 42 (the upper surface of the wall portion 424) on both sides of the bearings 32 and 34.

  A maintenance space surrounded by the horizontal plate portion 420, the wall portion 424, and the rib 426 is formed inside the nacelle 40. The rib 426 is provided with at least one opening 427, and the operator can access the maintenance space through the opening 427. In this way, by providing a maintenance space in the nacelle base plate 42, maintenance of equipment such as the yaw bearing 20 positioned below the nacelle base plate 42 and the main bearing attached to the upper portion of the nacelle base plate 46 is facilitated. You can do it. Note that the wall 424 may be provided with an opening 425 through which an operator passes.

A horizontal plate 420 may be provided with a base plate opening 429 along the inner periphery of the wall 424. The base plate opening 429 may be blocked by a nacelle deck plate (not shown) used as a scaffold for workers when performing maintenance on the equipment in the nacelle.
Further, the horizontal plate portion 420 may have a yaw deck 421 projecting outward along the side wall portions of the wall portion 424 located on both sides of the nacelle base plate 42, that is, on both sides of the rotating shaft 6. In this case, the yaw deck 421 is provided with a holding hole 420a for holding the yaw motor 25 shown in FIG.

  Further, the nacelle base plate 42 may be provided with a flange to which a nacelle frame 44 described later is fastened. For example, a pair of wall portions 424 and 424 located on both sides of the rotating shaft 6 are provided with side flanges 43a, a rear side wall portion 424 is provided with a rear flange 43b, and a hub side wall portion 424 is provided with a side flange 43a. Is provided with a front flange 43c (see FIG. 5).

Next, a configuration example of the nacelle frame 44 attached to the nacelle base plate 42 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 4 to 6.
In one embodiment, the nacelle frame 44 includes a side nacelle frame 45 attached to the side of the nacelle base plate 42, a rear nacelle frame 47 extending rearward of the nacelle base plate 42, and a front of the nacelle base plate 42. It may include a front nacelle frame 49 to which it is attached.

  The side nacelle frame 45 is fastened to a side flange 43a (see FIG. 3) provided on the wall portion 424 of the nacelle base plate 42 by a fastening member such as a bolt. The side nacelle frame 45 extends upward from the side of the nacelle base plate 42. The side nacelle frame 45 may be configured to form a maintenance space for the rotary shaft 6 on the side of the rotary shaft 6. Thereby, the maintenance of the rotating shaft 6 can be easily performed. Further, since the side nacelle frame 45 is configured separately from the nacelle base plate 42, the load from the rotating shaft 6 is not directly transmitted to the side nacelle frame 45. Therefore, the side nacelle frame 45 is not required to be as rigid as the nacelle base plate 42 and can be reduced in weight.

Further, a common base plate 46 on which the hydraulic motor 14 and the generator 16 are installed may be attached to the side nacelle frame 45.
At this time, the common base plate 46 may be disposed higher than the yaw deck 421. That is, the first level is formed by the yaw deck 421 on which the yaw motor 25 is arranged, and the second level is formed above the first level by the common base plate 46 on which the hydraulic motor 14 and the generator 16 are placed. As described above, the common base plate 46 on which the hydraulic motor 14 and the generator 16 are placed is disposed at a higher position than the yaw deck 421 on which the yaw motor 25 is disposed. The space inside can be used effectively.

  Further, the nacelle frame 44 may be configured to form a multi-layer structure including the first layer and the second layer described above. As described above, the multi-layered structure of the nacelle 40 can effectively use the space in the nacelle 40, and the multi-layered structure can be easily realized by attaching the nacelle frame 44 to the nacelle base plate 42. Become.

  The rear nacelle frame 47 is fastened to the rear flange 43b (see FIGS. 3 and 5) of the nacelle base plate 42 by a fastening member such as a bolt. A rear floor plate 47 a is attached to the rear nacelle frame 47. A rear floor is formed on the rear side of the nacelle 40 by the rear nacelle frame 47 and the rear floor plate 47a. Thus, by forming a space behind the nacelle by the rear nacelle frame 47 and the rear floor plate 47a, various devices can be arranged behind the nacelle. Further, since the rear nacelle frame 47 is formed separately from the nacelle base plate 42, the load from the rotary shaft 6 is not directly transmitted to the rear nacelle frame 47. For this reason, the rear nacelle frame 47 is not required to be as rigid as the nacelle base plate 42 and can be reduced in weight.

  At this time, a nacelle frame 44 extending in the vertical direction from the rear floor plate 47 a may be provided, and the equipment base plate 48 may be attached to the nacelle frame 44. Various devices housed in the nacelle 40 are installed on the device base plate 48. As described above, by forming the rear space of the nacelle 40 with the multi-layer structure by the device base plate 48, the space in the nacelle 40 can be effectively used when arranging the devices in the nacelle 40. Examples of the equipment installed on the equipment base plate 48 include a hydraulic tank, an accumulator, a cooling water supply unit, and the like.

  The front nacelle frame 49 is fastened to a front flange (see FIG. 5) provided in front of the nacelle base plate 42 by a fastening member such as a bolt. The front nacelle frame 49 forms a maintenance space for the brake mechanism. For the purpose of supporting the weight of the front nacelle frame 49, a beam 49a for connecting the front nacelle frame 49 to the nacelle base plate 42 may be provided.

Here, a configuration example of the brake mechanism will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a detailed structure around the brake mechanism.
In one embodiment, the brake mechanism includes a brake disc 50 and a brake caliper 54.
The brake disc 50 includes a fastened portion 51 that is fastened together with the hub 4 and the flange 6a by a bolt 59, an intermediate portion 52 that is bent from the fastened portion 51 and extends toward the front bearing 32, And a disk portion 53 provided at an end portion of the intermediate portion 52. The front bearing 32 includes a bearing body 32a and a bearing box 32b.
The brake caliper 54 applies a braking force to the rotating shaft 6 by pressing the brake pad 55 against the brake disc 50 attached to the bearing housing 32 b via the support member 56.

  Since the brake mechanism having the above-described configuration is located at the front end of the nacelle 40, it is difficult for an operator to access from the nacelle base plate 42 during maintenance of the brake mechanism. Therefore, by attaching the front nacelle frame 49 extending forward from the brake disk 30 to the nacelle base plate 42, a maintenance space for the brake mechanism is formed, and the brake mechanism can be easily maintained.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the nacelle with the nacelle cover attached.
In one embodiment, the nacelle 40 may be configured such that the ceiling above the nacelle base plate 42 can be opened. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, at least one opening 412 is provided on the upper surface of the nacelle cover 41, and at least one slide plate is provided corresponding to the opening 412. The figure illustrates a case where three slide plates 414a to 414c are provided. By sliding the slide plates 414a to 414c, the ceiling above the nacelle base plate 42 can be opened. Thereby, the apparatus accommodated in the nacelle 40 can be easily transported during installation, disassembly, or maintenance of the wind turbine generator 1. For example, when the equipment is hung and moved by a crane attached to the connection frame 35, the ceiling of the nacelle 40 is opened to facilitate attachment of the crane to the connection frame 35, and between the inside of the nacelle 40 and the outside. It is also possible to move the equipment. In particular, even large equipment such as the hydraulic pump 12 and the generator 16 provided on the nacelle base plate 42 can be moved.

  Further, at least one access deck 90 that can be accessed by a helicopter may be provided on the upper surface of the nacelle 40. Thus, by providing the access deck 90 on the upper surface of the nacelle 40, it becomes possible to easily carry in and carry out the equipment. For example, the device can be hung with the helicopter hovered and temporarily placed on the deck 90 on the top surface of the nacelle 40, and the device can be carried into the nacelle 40 from the ceiling opening 412 of the nacelle 40 by a crane or the like.

Further, at least one cooling duct 70 may be provided in the rear portion of the nacelle 40 on the side far from the hub 4. The cooling duct 70 may be supported by the nacelle frame 44. A filter 72 may be attached to the inlet and outlet of the cooling duct 70.
A plurality of heat generation sources such as a hydraulic pump and a generator exist in the nacelle 40. Therefore, the heat generated from the heat generation source can be released to the outside of the nacelle 40 by providing the cooling duct 70. Further, since equipment such as the main bearing of the rotary shaft 6 and the hydraulic pump 12 is installed in the front to the center of the nacelle, the cooling duct 70 is supported by the nacelle frame 44 at the rear of the nacelle, thereby increasing the size of the nacelle 40. Can be prevented.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a nacelle with a crane attached thereto.
In one embodiment, the connection frame 35 may have an attachment portion 80 of a crane 82 for raising and lowering the device 64 accommodated in the nacelle 40. In this case, the jib of the crane 82 is fixed to the crane attaching part 80 using arbitrary fastening members. The jib of the crane 82 may be rotated around the crane attachment portion 80. For example, during the maintenance of the equipment, the slide plates 414 a and 414 b on the ceiling of the nacelle 40 are slid to open the opening 412, and the crane 82 is attached to the crane attachment portion 80. And the apparatus 64 in the nacelle 40 is lifted with the crane 82, and it carries out outside. Thus, the crane 82 can be used to move the device 64 in the nacelle 40.
Since the connecting frame 35 is supported by the nacelle base plate 42 via the main bearing, the main bearing and the nacelle base plate 42 are usually designed to have high rigidity to support the rotating shaft 6. Therefore, by attaching the crane 80 to the connection frame 35, even a heavy equipment can be moved up and down.

As described above, in some embodiments, the common base plate 46 on which the hydraulic motor 14 and the generator 16 are installed separately from the nacelle base plate 42 on which the rotary shaft 6 is supported via the main bearing. Therefore, the weight of the nacelle 40 as a whole can be reduced.
Further, by mounting both the hydraulic motor 14 and the generator 16 on the same plate (common base plate 46), the opposite moment acting on the common base plate 46 from each of the hydraulic motor 14 and the generator 16 is reduced. Since they cancel each other, the common base plate 46 and the structural portion that supports the common base plate 46 on the nacelle base plate 42 can be reduced in weight, and the weight of the nacelle 40 as a whole can be further reduced.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described in detail, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to this, In the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, various improvement and deformation | transformation may be performed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wind power generator 2 Blade 3 Rotor 4 Hub 5 Hub cover 6 Rotating shaft 6a Flange 8 Tower 10 Hydraulic transmission 12 Hydraulic pump 13 High pressure oil line 14 Hydraulic motor 15 Low pressure oil line 16 Generator 17 Output shaft 20 Yaw bearing 22 Outer ring 23 Rolling element 24 Inner ring 25 Yaw motor 26 Pinion gear 27 Ring gear 32 Front bearing 32a Bearing body 32b Bearing box 34 Rear bearing 35 Connection frame 36 Connection plate part 37 Support part 40 Nasser 41 Nasser cover 42 Nasser base plate 43a Side flange 43b Rear flange 43c Front Flange 44 Nacelle frame 45 Side nacelle frame 46 Common base plate 47 Rear nacelle frame 47a Rear floor plate 48 Rear nacelle frame 48a Equipment base plate 49 Front nacelle frame 49a Beam 50 Brake mechanism 51 Fastened part 52 Intermediate part 53 Disk part 54 Brake caliper 55 Brake pad 56 Support member 59 Bolt 60, 62, 64 Equipment 70 Cooling duct 72 Filter 80 Crane mounting part 82 Crane 90 Access deck 410 Nacelle cover body 412 Openings 414a to 514c Slide plate 420 Horizontal flat plate portion 420a Holding hole 421 Yaw deck 422, 423 Recess 424 Wall portion 426 Rib 427 Opening 429 Base plate opening

Claims (19)

A regenerative energy power generation device that generates power using renewable energy,
Tower and
At least one blade,
A hub with at least one blade attached thereto;
A rotating shaft coupled to the hub;
A nacelle base plate attached to the tower, and a nacelle including a common base plate formed separately from the nacelle base plate and supported by the nacelle base plate;
A main bearing that rotatably supports the rotating shaft on the nacelle base plate;
A hydraulic pump attached to the rotating shaft and generating pressure oil by rotation of the rotating shaft;
A hydraulic motor driven by the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump;
A generator driven by the hydraulic motor,
The regenerative energy type power generator, wherein the hydraulic motor and the generator are mounted on the common base plate. A yaw deck attached so as to extend laterally from the nacelle base plate;
A yaw bearing interposed between the tower and the nacelle base plate;
A yaw drive mechanism that is disposed on the yaw deck and rotates the nacelle base plate in the yaw direction with respect to the tower;
The common base plate is disposed higher than the yaw deck,
A first level where the yaw drive mechanism is installed and a second level which is located above the first level and where at least the hydraulic motor and the generator are installed are respectively the yaw deck and the common base plate. The regenerative energy type power generator according to claim 1, wherein   The regenerative energy type according to claim 2, wherein the nacelle has a multi-layer structure including the first hierarchy and the second hierarchy, and further includes a nacelle frame attached to the nacelle base plate. Power generation device. The nacelle base plate sandwiches the rotary shaft along a horizontal plate portion extending in a horizontal direction, a wall portion provided on the horizontal plate portion, and a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the rotary shaft. A rib extending between a pair of inner wall surfaces of the opposing wall portions,
The regenerative energy power generator according to claim 1, wherein the rib is provided with an opening for accessing a maintenance space surrounded by the horizontal plate portion, the wall portion, and the rib. .   2. The regenerative energy type according to claim 1, wherein the nacelle further includes a side nacelle frame attached to the nacelle base plate and forming a space for maintenance of the rotary shaft on a side of the rotary shaft. Power generation device. A brake disc fixed by fastening together with the hub and the rotating shaft, and a brake caliper attached to a bearing box that houses the main bearing, and presses a brake pad against the brake disc to apply a braking force to the rotating shaft. A brake mechanism including
The said nacelle is attached to the said nacelle base plate so that it may extend ahead rather than the said brake disc, and contains the front nacelle frame which forms the space for the maintenance of the said brake mechanism. Renewable energy generator. The nacelle includes a rear nacelle frame attached to the nacelle base plate so as to extend rearward of the nacelle,
The regenerative energy type power generator according to claim 1, wherein the rear nacelle frame is fastened to a flange surface formed behind the nacelle base plate by a bolt.   The regenerative energy type power generator according to claim 7, wherein the nacelle includes a rear floor plate supported by the rear nacelle frame to form a rear floor in the nacelle. The main bearing includes a pair of front bearings and rear bearings disposed between the hub and the hydraulic pump,
A connecting frame that connects the front bearing close to the hub and the rear bearing close to the hydraulic pump;
The regenerative energy type power generator according to claim 1, wherein the connection frame is attached to the nacelle base plate.   The regenerative energy type power generator according to claim 9, wherein the connection frame has a crane mounting portion for raising and lowering equipment accommodated in the nacelle.   The regenerative energy power generator according to claim 1, wherein the nacelle is configured such that a ceiling above the nacelle base plate can be opened.   The regenerative energy generator according to claim 11, wherein the ceiling is provided with at least one opening that is used for maintenance of equipment housed in the nacelle and communicates with the outside. The ceiling is provided with at least one opening and at least one cover for closing the opening,
The at least one cover is configured to be slidable so that the at least one opening is opened when the equipment accommodated in the nacelle is lifted and lowered by a crane. Renewable energy generator.   The regenerative energy type power generator according to claim 1, wherein at least one access deck accessible by a helicopter is provided on an upper surface of the nacelle. Further comprising at least one cooling duct attached to the rear portion of the nacelle on the side far from the hub;
The regenerative energy generator according to claim 3, wherein the cooling duct is supported by the nacelle frame.   The nacelle is attached to the nacelle base plate and supports at least the common base plate, and a nacelle cover fastened to the nacelle frame and disposed so as to cover the equipment accommodated in the nacelle; The regenerative energy type power generator according to claim 1, further comprising:   The regenerative energy type power generator according to claim 16, wherein the nacelle cover is made of one or more materials selected from the group consisting of fiber reinforced plastic, aluminum, and aluminum alloy.   The regenerative energy type power generator according to claim 1, wherein the nacelle base plate is formed by casting. The regenerative energy type power generator according to claim 1, wherein the nacelle frame is made of mold steel.

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