JP5628581B2 - Smoke-proof tape - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a smoke-proof tape that closes a partition wall gap such as an opening / closing door in a building at the initial stage of a fire to prevent smoke from diffusing in the building. In particular, the present invention relates to a smoke-proof tape suitable for being disposed in a gap between a door body periphery of a wing-type opening / closing door and a door frame. The partition gap includes an elevator gap and the like.

  There exists patent document 1 etc. as a prior art document which concerns on the above smoke-proof tapes.

  Patent Document 1 proposes a smoke-proof tape having the following outline (see summary). 1 to 3 of Patent Document 1 are referred to as FIGS. 1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings of the present application.

  “We will provide a smoke-proof sheet that does not hinder the opening and closing of the door during normal times and can reliably prevent the leakage (diffusion) of smoke by closing the gap between the door frame and the door in the event of a fire.” The problem is that “smoke generated in the event of a fire is provided in the gap H between the door frame 2 installed in the opening of the building and the door 1 supported by the door frame 2 so that the opening can be freely opened and closed. Is a smoke-proof tape for preventing diffusion through the foam-type smoke-proof layer 6 including a foam material that expands and expands due to heat in the event of a fire, and is integrally laminated on one surface 6a of the foam-type smoke-proof layer 6 It is formed with the surface film 7 that has been made.

  In the figure, “1a” is “door outer peripheral surface”, “2a” is “door frame inner peripheral surface”, and 8 is “back film”.

JP 2009-209607 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a smoke-proof tape having a novel configuration capable of more effectively solving the same problem as in Patent Document 1.

  That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a smoke-proof tape that can effectively prevent the diffusion of fire smoke in a building even at the initial stage of a fire.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have made extensive efforts for development, and as a result, have come up with a smoke-proof tape having the following configuration.

A smoke-proof tape that is attached to the gap between the walls of a building such as an open / close door and thermally expands in the direction of the gap in the event of a fire to close the gap between the walls.
A powder or paste-like thermal expansion agent is approximately evenly filled into a belt-like bag body having a flat cross section,
The thermal expansion agent comprises a gas generant composition;
The gas generant composition comprises a water-soluble carbonate (including hydrogen salt), a higher fatty acid, and water as essential components, and the higher fatty acid reacts with the carbonate to inflate the strip bag. It is characterized by generating gas.

  As shown in the examples described later, it expands even at a temperature of 100 ° C. or lower (usually around 80 ° C.), and can effectively close a partition gap such as an opening / closing door. For this reason, it is possible to effectively prevent the diffusion of fire smoke at the initial stage of the fire.

FIG. 2 is a citation diagram of FIG. Similarly, it is a citation diagram of FIG. It is a quote figure of FIG. 3 similarly. (A)-(D) are the notch partial perspective views which show the various forms of the smoke-proof tape of this invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the smoke-proof test apparatus used by this invention. It is a test slit closing rate / partition wall front-back pressure difference conversion graph figure in the test apparatus of FIG. It is a temperature-pressure difference / time graph figure which shows the result of Example 1 in a smoke prevention test. FIG. 6 is a temperature / pressure difference / time graph showing the result of Comparative Example 1 as well. FIG. 6 is a temperature / pressure difference / time graph showing the result of Comparative Example 2 as well.

  Hereinafter, the smoke-proof tape of this invention is demonstrated.

  It is assumed that the tape is a smoke-proof tape that is attached to a partition wall gap of a building such as an open / close door and thermally expands in the direction of the gap in the event of a fire to close the gap of the building such as the open / close door.

  Various forms of the smoke-proof tapes 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D, 11E, and 11F in the present invention are shown in FIG.

  Powder-like or paste-like thermal expansion agent 12 is filled substantially evenly in belt-like bag bodies 13A, 13B, 13C, 13D, 13E, and 13F having a flat cross section.

  Here, the form of the belt-like bag body is not limited to a single cylinder shape such as 13A, and as shown in 13B, partial partition portions 13b are alternately provided at a predetermined pitch, or as shown in 13C, a full width partition portion at a predetermined pitch. The thing provided with 13c may be used. When the partition portions 13b and 13c are formed partially or with the full width, uneven distribution of the filled thermal expansion agent in the belt-like bag body is difficult to occur. As shown to 13D, 13E, and 13F, it is good also as a bag body which formed the pleats (folding) 13d, 13e, and 13f on both sides or one side, and also the upper surface (expansion direction). When pleats are formed on the side or upper surface, it becomes easier to expand in the height direction (gap closing direction).

  The material for forming the belt-like bag body is not particularly limited as long as it is thin and flexible. For example, a plastic rubber (elastomer) film, a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, etc. can be mentioned. For example, in the case of a soft polyethylene film, a film having a thickness of 20 to 200 μm is used.

  The thermal expansion agent includes a gas generant composition. The gas generant composition comprises a water-soluble carbonate (including hydrogen salt), a higher fatty acid, and water as essential components, and an inflating gas that inflates the belt-like bag body by a reaction between the higher fatty acid and the carbonate. Is generated. The combination of the higher fatty acid and the carbonate starts the reaction at a temperature (45 ° C.) or more slightly lower than the lower limit of the initial outflow smoke temperature (operation temperature of the fire alarm equipment).

  In addition, in the “Ministerial Ordinance for Establishing Technical Standards Related to Sensors and Transmitters for Fire Alarm Equipment”, the nominal operating temperature of the constant temperature sensor is 60 to 150 ° C, and in practice it may be set to 60 to 80 ° C. Many. Therefore, as described above, the reaction start temperature is set to a temperature (45 ° C.) slightly lower than the initial outflow smoke temperature (operation temperature of the fire alarm facility). If the temperature is lower than 45 ° C, the reaction starts at the temperature of the closed room that is not cooled in summer, and the smoke-proof tape may expand.

  Here, the ratio (composition) of carbonate: higher fatty acid: water is 0.05 to 20 mol (preferably 0.15 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.3 to 5 mol) of the higher fatty acid with respect to 1 mol of carbonate, 0.5 to 30 parts by mass (preferably 0.7 to 12 parts by mass) with respect to 1 part by mass of carbonate.

  If the molar ratio of the higher fatty acid to the carbonate is too low or too high, or if the mass ratio of water is too low or too high, the production efficiency of the expansion gas is poor.

  The presence of water is necessary to enable a substantial catalytic reaction between the carbonate and the higher fatty acid.

  The carbonate may be an alkaline earth metal salt, but the alkali metal salt is more reactive with higher fatty acids. Of the alkali metal salts, sodium salts, potassium salts and the like have versatility. Further, the carbonate is better in the generation of carbon dioxide gas than the bicarbonate.

  As the higher fatty acid, those having 12 or more carbon atoms and capable of melting at a temperature consistent with the above reaction start temperature, 45 ° C. or more, and further 50 ° C. or more are desirable. The higher fatty acid diffuses in water and the contact reaction with the carbonate is further promoted. Further, the upper limit of the melting temperature of the higher fatty acid is 95 ° C. or lower, desirably 90 ° C. or lower. If the melting temperature is too high, the reaction will not be promoted even if the temperature is high at the time of the fire, and it will be difficult to achieve the smoke-proofing action at the time of the fire.

  Since higher fatty acids having 12 or more carbon atoms are substantially insoluble in water at room temperature (25 ° C.), diffusion in water is promoted by melting, and higher fatty acid alkali salts are soluble in water. When the melting temperature is reached, the gas generation reaction proceeds rapidly.

  Table 1 shows the molecular weight (in parentheses) and melting point of higher fatty acids (10 to 30 carbon atoms), partly in the presence of higher fatty acids, potassium hydrogen carbonate and water (three-component mass ratio = 1: 1: 1; mol). The reaction (gas generation) time in which the test was performed by reacting at a specified temperature (80 ° C. and 35 ° C.) is shown.

ガス生成剤組成物50ｇを40μｍポリエチレン袋（1000ｍｍ×30ｍｍ；フィルム厚40μｍ）に充填し80℃雰囲気（火元流出煙温度を想定）および35℃（室温を想定）に置き、前者は0.5分毎に、後者は24時間毎に、袋が膨らみ始める時間を確認して、ガス発生時間とした。

Fill a 40μm polyethylene bag (1000mm x 30mm; film thickness 40μm) with 50g of the gas generant composition and place it in 80 ° C atmosphere (assuming fire source smoke temperature) and 35 ° C (assuming room temperature). In the latter case, the gas generation time was determined every 24 hours by checking the time when the bag started to inflate.

  From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that a melting point of 60 ° C. or higher is more desirable for a stable reaction. In particular, a linear saturated fatty acid having an aliphatic carbon number of 16 to 22 and a melting point of 60 to 80 ° C. is desirable.

  In an atmosphere of 35 ° C., myristic acid showed gas generation (bulging of the bag) after 48 hours, but palmitic acid and stearic acid did not generate gas (bulging of the bag) even after 96 hours.

  Usually, higher fatty acids are water-insoluble or substantially water-insoluble and become water-soluble by becoming an alkali metal salt.

  The gas generant composition may further contain a water-soluble polymer. The uneven distribution of the composition in the band-shaped bag is less likely to occur. The blending amount of the water-soluble polymer is 0.005 to 0.1 part by mass (desirably 0.01 to 0.05 part by mass) with respect to 1 part by mass of water.

  As the water-soluble polymer, cellulose ether (HEC, CMC, etc.), cellulose ester, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylene oxide, polyacrylic acid, etc. can be used.

  The thermal expansion agent may further contain a flame retardant. As the flame retardant, expansive graphite and / or phosphoric acid flame retardant is desirable. These flame retardants have an effect of assisting thermal expansion in the smoke-proof tape and flame-retardant the thermal expander (provides self-extinguishing properties to the expanded smoke-proof tape). As the phosphoric acid-based flame retardant, ammonium polyphosphate, various phosphate esters, tricresyl phosphate (TCP), triphenylene phosphate (TPP), trixylene phosphate (TXP), and the like can be used.

  Next, the usage mode of the smoke-proof tape of this embodiment is the same as that of the conventional smoke-proof tape.

  That is, it is attached to the outer periphery of the door body or the inner periphery of the door frame via an adhesive / adhesive tape (double-sided tape). Alternatively, it may be fitted and attached to a grooved steel screwed to the outer periphery of the door body or the inner periphery of the door frame.

  The smoke-proof tape of this embodiment attached in this way exhibits excellent smoke-proof properties as shown in the examples described later.

  Hereinafter, in order to confirm the effect of the smoke-proof tape of this invention, about the Example, the smoke-proof test done with the comparative example is demonstrated.

  The smoke prevention test was performed by the following method using the following smoke prevention test apparatus.

<Smokeproof test equipment>
As shown in FIG. 5, the test apparatus has a partition wall in the center, one is a furnace chamber equipped with an electric heater and the other is an exhaust chamber, an air hole on the furnace chamber side, and an exhaust hole on the exhaust chamber side. The test box is formed on the front wall and blower is sucked from the exhaust hole. Temperature and pressure sensors are arranged at each position in the test box.

  At the center height of the partition wall, a slit with a width of 750 mm is provided, and angle steel (40 × 40 × 4t) is attached to the top and bottom of the slit to form a test slit having a height of about 6.7 mm. Yes.

  Then, the relationship between the pressure difference before and after the partition and the slit closing rate was measured in advance to obtain a closing rate / pressure difference conversion graph (FIG. 6).

<Smoke prevention test method>
In each example, a thermal expansion agent (composition) having a formulation shown in Table 2 was used, and each test piece was prepared by filling each amount shown in a polyethylene bag (1000 mm × 30 mm; film thickness 40 μm).

  And each test piece of an Example is cut | judged and stuck to 750 mm in the center position of one angle steel (lower side in the example) in FIG. 5, or each comparative example of the mixing | blending prescription shown in Table 2 is shown. A paint film having a width of 5 mm, a thickness of 1.5 mm, and a length of 750 mm was formed as each specimen.

  And after energizing the electric heater of a test device, while measuring each temperature of a furnace, airflow, and the surface, the pressure difference before and behind a partition was measured, and the slit closing rate was calculated | required by FIG.

  The results of Example 1 are shown in FIG. 7, and the results of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are shown in FIGS.

  In Example 1 of the present invention, it was confirmed that high closure (closing rate of 90% or more: pressure difference of 75 Pa or more) can be achieved in a very short time (600 s: within 10 minutes).

  From FIG. 7, in Example 1, gas generation started 2 minutes after the energization of the electric heater (airflow (smoke) temperature 60 ° C.), and a closing rate of 90% or more (pressure difference: 75 Pa) was achieved in 4 minutes. I understand that.

  From FIGS. 8 and 9, each comparative example 1 and 2 can achieve only a low closing (closing rate of less than 70%: pressure difference of around 10 Pa) and a long time (1500 s (25 minutes)) Before and after) I understand that I need it.

  That is, in FIG. 8 (Comparative Example 1), foaming started to increase after the airflow temperature was around 80 ° C. (900 s: 15 min after energization), and the pressure difference after the airflow temperature became around 90 ° C. (1500 s: 25 min after energization). (About 11 Pa) does not increase, indicating that the closure rate remains less than 70%.

  Moreover, in FIG. 9 (Comparative Example 2), the air flow temperature is about 80 ° C. (900 s after energization: 15 min), and foaming begins to increase. After the air flow temperature reaches about 90 ° C. (1500 s: 25 min after energization), the pressure difference (About 9 Pa) does not increase, indicating that the closure rate remains less than 70%.

  From the above, it can be seen that even if an attempt is made to close the partition gap with a paint containing microcapsules in the paint, effective expansion in the closing direction is not formed at the temperature of fire smoke, and it is difficult to achieve effective closing.

11A, 11B, 11C, 11D, 11E, 11F ... smoke-proof tape 12 ... thermal expansion agent 13A, 13B, 13C, 13D, 13E, 13F ... belt-like bag 13b ... partial partition 13c ..Full width partitions 13d, 13e, 13f ... pleats

Claims (6)

A smoke-proof tape that is attached to a partition gap such as an open / close door in a building and thermally expands in the direction of the gap in the event of a fire to close the partition gap,
A powder or paste-like thermal expansion agent is approximately evenly filled into a belt-like bag body having a flat cross section,
The thermal expansion agent comprises a gas generant composition;
The gas generant composition contains water-soluble carbonate (including hydrogen salt), a higher fatty acid, and water as essential components, and the higher fatty acid reacts with the carbonate to inflate the belt-shaped bag. A smoke-proof tape, which generates an expanding gas.   The carbonate according to claim 1, wherein the carbonate is an alkali carbonate (including an alkali hydrogen carbonate), and the higher fatty acid has 12 or more carbon atoms and exhibits a melting temperature of 45 to 95 ° C. Smokeproof tape.   The composition of the gas generant composition is 0.05 to 20 mol of the higher fatty acid with respect to 1 mol of the carbonate, and 0.5 to 30 parts by mass of the water with respect to 1 part by mass of the carbonate. The smoke-proof tape according to claim 1 or 2.   The gas generant composition further contains a water-soluble polymer, and the amount of the water-soluble polymer is 0.005 to 0.1 parts by mass with respect to 1 part by mass of the water. The smoke-proof tape according to claim 3.   The smoke-proof tape according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the belt-like bag body includes a partition portion having a full width or a partial width at a predetermined pitch. The smoke-proof tape according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the belt-like bag body has pleats (folds).

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