JP5631972B2 - Solid stabilizer, steel material for solid stabilizer, and method for producing solid stabilizer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a solid stabilizer that ensures stability during vehicle travel, a steel material for a solid stabilizer, and a method for manufacturing the solid stabilizer.

  The stabilizer connects between suspension arms on both sides in the vehicle width direction of the vehicle. The stabilizer is suppressing the roll at the time of vehicle travel. The stabilizer includes a solid stabilizer manufactured from a solid steel material and a hollow stabilizer manufactured from a hollow steel material. In recent years, hollow stabilizers are often used to reduce vehicle weight. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an electric resistance welded steel pipe for a hollow stabilizer, and Patent Document 2 discloses a method for manufacturing a hollow stabilizer.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-11009 JP-A-2005-76047

  However, compared to a hollow stabilizer, a solid stabilizer tends to ensure a desired strength. Moreover, the manufacturing cost is low. For this reason, although the demand for hollow stabilizers has increased, solid stabilizers are still often used. The structure of these two types of stabilizers is different in that they are hollow and solid. For this reason, naturally the characteristic requested | required of steel materials also differs. The difference will be specifically described below.

  The manufacturing method of a stabilizer has a forming process, a quenching process, and a tempering process. In the forming step, the steel material is subjected to a bending process in order to make the steel material into a stabilizer shape. Here, in the case of a steel material for a hollow stabilizer, the radial center portion is a cavity. For this reason, the resistance to bending deformation is inherently small. Therefore, it is easy to bend. On the other hand, in the case of a steel material for solid stabilizers, the steel material is packed up to the center in the radial direction. For this reason, the resistance to bending deformation is inherently large. Therefore, it is difficult to bend and the spring back also becomes large. Therefore, when manufacturing a solid stabilizer, the required level for the springback is higher than when manufacturing a hollow stabilizer. Further, in the case of a solid stabilizer, the required strength is higher than that in the case of a hollow stabilizer, so that the springback also becomes large due to the influence.

  Therefore, when manufacturing a hollow stabilizer, the springback did not increase to the extent that it would be a problem. However, when manufacturing a solid stabilizer, it is necessary to select materials etc. in consideration of the amount of springback. There is.

  In the quenching process, the steel material after bending is subjected to quenching. Here, in the case of a hollow stabilizer, the radial center is a cavity. For this reason, high hardenability is not requested | required of steel materials. On the other hand, in the case of a solid stabilizer, the steel material is packed up to the center in the radial direction. For this reason, hardenability sufficient for hardening to a radial direction center part is requested | required of steel materials.

  In the case of a hollow stabilizer, the radial center is a cavity. For this reason, the shrinkage difference (cooling rate difference) between the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface is small during the rapid cooling in the quenching step. Therefore, burning cracks are unlikely to occur. On the other hand, in the case of a solid stabilizer, the steel material is packed up to the center in the radial direction. For this reason, the shrinkage difference (cooling speed difference) between the outer peripheral surface and the radial center is large during the rapid cooling in the quenching process. Therefore, burning cracks are likely to occur. Thus, compared with the steel material for hollow stabilizers, in the case of the steel material for solid stabilizers, it is hard to generate a fire crack, that is, high resistance to fire cracking compared with the steel material for hollow stabilizers.

  Furthermore, as described above, the solid stabilizer is easier to ensure the desired strength than the hollow stabilizer. For this reason, solid stabilizers are often used in vehicles that require high strength. However, when trying to increase the strength, the content of C, etc., which is effective for increasing the strength, is increased, which leads to a decrease in the bending workability and anti-cracking resistance, and therefore compared with a hollow stabilizer. When trying to manufacture a solid stabilizer having excellent strength, there is a problem that even if the technology used in the hollow stabilizer is directly converted into a solid stabilizer, the intended characteristics cannot be obtained.

  As explained above, even if the steel material for the hollow stabilizer is directly converted to the steel material for the solid stabilizer, the properties required for both are completely different. Not all the requirements can be met.

  The solid stabilizer, the steel material for solid stabilizers, and the manufacturing method of the solid stabilizer of the present invention have been completed in view of the above problems. The present invention provides a solid stabilizer, a solid stabilizer steel material, and a medium that are excellent in strength without causing the above-mentioned problems when producing a solid stabilizer in terms of bending workability, hardenability, and fire cracking resistance. It aims at providing the manufacturing method of an actual stabilizer.

(1) In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the solid stabilizer of the present invention is a solid stabilizer produced by cold forming, quenching, and tempering a steel material for solid stabilizer, Steel material for actual stabilizers is mass%, C: 0.24 to 0.40%, Si: 0.15 to 0.40%, Mn: 0.50 to 1.20%, P: 0.03% or less Cr: 0.30% or less, Ti: 0.01-0.03%, B: 0.0010-0.0030%, satisfying the conditions of the following formula (1) and formula (2) , The balance consists of Fe and inevitable impurities, the hardness of the central portion in the radial direction after tempering is 400 HV or more, and the martensite ratio in the central portion in the radial direction after tempering is 80% or more. .
1.24 <(2C + 0.1Si + 0.4Mn + 0.4Cr) × {1+ (1.5B−300B ² ) × 240} <1.7 Formula (1)
(Si / C) <1.5 Formula (2)

  (2) Preferably, in the configuration of (1), the lower limit value of C is 0.25%, the upper limit value of Mn is 1.00%, and the lower limit value of the formula (1) is 1 .4 is better.

( 3 ) Preferably, in the configuration of (1) or ( 2) above, after the tempering, the tensile strength is 1200 MPa or more, the 0.2% proof stress is 1100 MPa or more, and the impact value at room temperature is 70 J / cm ² or more. It is better to have a configuration of According to this configuration, a solid stabilizer having both high strength and high toughness can be obtained.

( 4 ) Moreover, in order to solve the said subject, the steel materials for solid stabilizers of this invention are the mass%, C: 0.24-0.40%, Si: 0.15-0.40%, Mn: 0.50 to 1.20%, P: 0.03% or less, Cr: 0.30% or less, Ti: 0.01 to 0.03%, B: 0.0010 to 0.0030%, The conditions of the following formulas (1) and (2) are satisfied, the balance is made of Fe and inevitable impurities, and is rolled at a heating temperature of 1000 ° C. or less during finish rolling, and the hardness after rolling is 200 HV or less. It is characterized by being.
1.24 <(2C + 0.1Si + 0.4Mn + 0.4Cr) × {1+ (1.5B−300B ² ) × 240} <1.7 Formula (1)
(Si / C) <1.5 Formula (2)

( 5 ) Preferably, in the configuration of ( 4 ) above, the lower limit value of C is 0.25%, the upper limit value of Mn is 1.00%, and the lower limit value of the formula (1) is 1 .4 is better.

( 6 ) Moreover, in order to solve the said subject, the manufacturing method of the solid stabilizer of this invention is the mass%, C: 0.24-0.40%, Si: 0.15-0.40%, Mn : 0.50 to 1.20%, P: 0.03% or less, Cr: 0.30% or less, Ti: 0.01 to 0.03%, B: 0.0010 to 0.0030% The conditions of the following formulas (1) and (2) are satisfied, the balance is made of Fe and inevitable impurities, and is rolled at a heating temperature of 1000 ° C. or less during finish rolling, and the hardness after rolling is 200 HV or less. The solid stabilizer steel is a forming process in which bending is performed cold, the solid stabilizer steel after forming is quenched, and the solid stabilizer steel after quenching is tempered. And a tempering step for applying
1.24 <(2C + 0.1Si + 0.4Mn + 0.4Cr) × {1+ (1.5B−300B ² ) × 240} <1.7 Formula (1)
(Si / C) <1.5 Formula (2)

( 7 ) Preferably, in the configuration of ( 6 ) above, the lower limit value of C is 0.25%, the upper limit value of Mn is 1.00%, and the lower limit value of the formula (1) is 1 .4 is better.

  The steel material for solid stabilizer of the present invention can obtain performance satisfying mechanical properties such as strength and toughness while ensuring necessary hardenability, fire cracking resistance and bending workability by optimizing the components. . Compared to conventional steel, each of bending workability, fire cracking resistance, and mechanical properties does not necessarily have a level of performance that is clearly superior, but conventional steel requires some characteristics. Even if the level is satisfied, the required level of some other characteristics may not be satisfied. On the other hand, the most important feature of the present invention is that the optimum product design is designed to satisfy all the required characteristics. is there.

It is a perspective view of the solid stabilizer used as one embodiment of the present invention.

  Embodiments of a solid stabilizer, a steel material for a solid stabilizer, and a method for manufacturing a solid stabilizer will be described below.

<Steel material for solid stabilizer>
[Content of each component constituting steel material for solid stabilizer]
First, the content of each component constituting the solid stabilizer steel will be described.

(C)
C is an indispensable component for ensuring the strength required as a solid stabilizer after quenching and tempering. The reason why the C content is 0.24% by mass (hereinafter abbreviated as “%” where appropriate) is because the strength of the solid stabilizer decreases when it is less than 0.24%. Moreover, it is because the hardenability of the steel material for solid stabilizers becomes low. For the same reason, the C content is preferably set to 0.25% or more. The reason why the C content is set to 0.40% or less is that when 0.40% is exceeded, the resistance to fire cracking of the steel material for solid stabilizer is lowered. Moreover, it is because the toughness after tempering falls. Moreover, it is because the hardness of the steel material for solid stabilizers after finish rolling (before cold forming) increases, and bending workability during cold forming decreases.

(Si)
Si acts as a deoxidizer during melting. The reason why the Si content is set to 0.15% or more is that when it is less than 0.15%, the hardenability of the solid stabilizer steel is lowered. Moreover, it is because the intensity | strength of a solid stabilizer falls. The reason why the Si content is set to 0.40% or less is that when it exceeds 0.40%, the fire cracking resistance of the solid stabilizer steel material is lowered. Moreover, it is because the hardness of the steel material for solid stabilizers after finish rolling (before cold forming) increases, and bending workability during cold forming decreases.

(Mn)
Mn is added in order to improve the hardenability of the solid stabilizer steel. The reason why the Mn content is 0.50% or more is that when it is less than 0.50%, the hardenability of the solid steel for stabilizer becomes low. Moreover, it is because the intensity | strength of a solid stabilizer falls. The reason why the Mn content is 1.20% or less is that when it exceeds 1.20%, the fire cracking resistance of the solid stabilizer steel is lowered. Moreover, it is because the hardness of the steel material for solid stabilizers after finish rolling (before cold forming) increases, and bending workability during cold forming decreases. For the same reason, the content of Mn is preferably 1.00% or less.

(P)
The content of P is preferably as small as possible. The reason why the P content is 0.03% or less is that when it exceeds 0.03%, the toughness after tempering decreases.

(Cr)
Cr, like Mn, is added to improve the hardenability of the solid stabilizer steel. The reason why the Cr content is set to 0.30% or less is that when 0.30% is exceeded, the fire cracking resistance of the steel material for solid stabilizers is lowered. Moreover, it is because the hardness of the steel material for solid stabilizers after finish rolling (before cold forming) increases, and bending workability during cold forming decreases.

(B)
B, like Mn and Cr, has the effect of improving the hardenability of the solid stabilizer steel. Further, B has an effect of improving the grain boundary strength. The reason why the B content is set to 0.0010% or more is that when it is less than 0.0010%, the hardenability of the steel material for the solid stabilizer is lowered. Moreover, it is because the intensity | strength of a solid stabilizer falls. The content of B is made 0.0030% or less because the additive effect of B (hardenability improving effect, strength improving effect) gradually saturates as the additive amount increases, so it exceeds 0.0030%. This is because even if B is added, the effect is saturated. In view of this point, also in the formula (1) to be described later, a secondary term is set for the B content in addition to the primary term.

(Ti)
B is easy to combine with N in the steel. If B is combined with N to form BN, the effect of adding B cannot be obtained. Therefore, by adding Ti and generating TiN between Ti and N, the effect of adding B is ensured.

  The reason why the Ti content is 0.01% or more is that when the Ti content is less than 0.01%, it is difficult to ensure the B addition effect. The reason why the Ti content is set to 0.03% or less is that when it exceeds 0.03%, coarse TiN is easily generated and toughness is reduced.

  In addition, the solid stabilizer steel material of the present invention contains, in addition to the above-mentioned components, an amount of Al (about 0.040% or less) necessary for deoxidation treatment, which is an essential step in the production of steel, as impurities. You may do it.

[Formula (1)]
Next, equation (1) will be described. Formula (1) is an empirical formula obtained by multivariate analysis of experimental data. When the content of each component is set so as to conform to the formula (1), the hardenability and the fire cracking resistance of the solid steel for stabilizer can be optimized.

  The numerical value obtained by substituting the content of each component (% value, for example, 0.25 if 0.25%) into the formula (1) is over 1.24. In this case, the hardenability is insufficient for use as a solid stabilizer, and it becomes difficult to secure a martensite ratio of 80% or more to the radial center after quenching, resulting in a decrease in the strength of the solid stabilizer. Because. For the same reason, it is preferable that the numerical value of the formula (1) exceeds 1.4. In addition, the numerical value obtained by substituting the content of each component into the formula (1) is less than 1.7 when it is 1.7 or more. This is because, in the case of manufacturing a solid stabilizer that is prone to the occurrence of cracks, there is a possibility that it is impossible to completely prevent burning cracks. Thus, by using the formula (1), it is possible to ensure hardenability and anti-cracking resistance without problems in the production of a solid stabilizer.

[Formula (2)]
Next, equation (2) will be described. Equation (2) is an empirical equation obtained by multivariate analysis of experimental data. When the contents of Si and C are set so as to conform to the formula (2), the hardness of the surface of the steel material for solid stabilizer can be optimized.

  The reason why the numerical value of the formula (2) is set to be less than 1.5 is that when the value is 1.5 or more, the amount of Si with respect to C increases and decarburization is facilitated. That is, the strength of the surface of the solid stabilizer is lower than the hardness inside the solid stabilizer. As described above, by using the expression (2), it is possible to suppress a decrease in the strength of the surface of the solid stabilizer.

[Heating temperature, hardness after rolling]
The reason why the heating temperature during finish rolling is set to 1000 ° C. or less is that when it exceeds 1000 ° C., the hardness after rolling increases, and the bending workability of the solid stabilizer steel material in the cold state decreases. Specifically, there is a problem that the spring back becomes large and the variation in shape after bending becomes large. The reason why the hardness after rolling is 200 HV or less is that if it is 200 HV or less, the spring back during bending can be suppressed to a target value or less.

<Solid stabilizer>
About the content of each component of the steel material for stabilizers which is a raw material of a solid stabilizer, Formula (1), Formula (2), it is as having mentioned above.

  In FIG. 1, the perspective view of the solid stabilizer used as one Embodiment of this invention is shown. As shown in FIG. 1, the solid stabilizer 1 has a U shape as a whole. The solid stabilizer 1 includes a torsion part 10 and a pair of arm parts 11. The torsion part 10 extends in the vehicle width direction. The pair of arm parts 11 are connected to both axial ends of the torsion part 10. A pair of rings 12 are fixed by caulking near both ends of the torsion unit 10 in the vehicle width direction. A pair of bushes 13 are provided around the pair of rings 12 on the outer side in the vehicle width direction. The bush 13 is fixed to a vehicle body (not shown). Eyepieces 110 are arranged at the tips of the pair of arm parts 11, respectively. Each of the pair of eyeballs 110 is connected to a suspension arm (not shown).

[Hardness after tempering, martensite ratio]
Hardness after tempering, the part to judge the martensite ratio in the central part in the radial direction is a solid stabilizer, it is necessary to make the structure tempered to the central part in the radial direction, hardenability is insufficient This is because the central portion in the radial direction becomes a non-baked structure and the hardness decreases. Therefore, if a structure and hardness having no problem are obtained in the central portion in the radial direction, naturally, a portion other than the central portion in the radial direction of the surface can secure a martensite ratio of 80% or more.

  The reason why the hardness of the central portion in the radial direction after tempering is set to 400 HV or more is to secure the same or superior strength as compared with the conventional hollow stabilizer in the present invention. This is because there is a shortage. Similarly, the reason why the martensite ratio in the central portion in the radial direction after tempering is 80% or more is that when it is less than 80%, the intended strength cannot be obtained.

[Tensile strength, 0.2% proof stress, impact value]
The tensile strength is 1200 MPa or more, the 0.2% proof stress is 1100 MPa or more, and the impact value at room temperature is 70 J / cm ² or more. When the tensile strength is below these lower limits, the high strength required for a solid stabilizer This is because it is difficult to achieve both high toughness.

  In other words, solid stabilizers are often used in vehicles that require high strength and high toughness as compared to hollow stabilizers. For this reason, when it falls below these lower limits, it may be impossible to clear the strict requirements for the solid stabilizer.

<Method for manufacturing solid stabilizer>
The manufacturing method of a solid stabilizer has a forming process, a quenching process, and a tempering process. In the forming process, the solid stabilizer steel material after finish rolling is subjected to cold bending. And the shape of the solid stabilizer which is preparation object is provided to the steel material for solid stabilizers. In the quenching process, the solid stabilizer steel is first heated to austenite the structure, and then rapidly cooled to a hard martensite structure. In the subsequent tempering process, the toughness of the solid stabilizer steel is improved.

  The content of each component of the solid stabilizer steel material, the formulas (1) and (2), the heating temperature during finish rolling, and the hardness after finish rolling are as described above.

<Others>
The embodiment of the solid stabilizer, the steel material for the solid stabilizer, and the method for producing the solid stabilizer has been described above. However, the embodiment is not particularly limited to the above embodiment. Various modifications and improvements that can be made by those skilled in the art are also possible.

  For example, the heating method in the quenching step of the manufacturing method of the solid stabilizer is not particularly limited, but it can be heated by furnace heating, electric heating, or the like. In addition, the quenching refrigerant in the quenching step is not particularly limited, but water, a polymer solution, or the like can be used. Moreover, the temperature pattern of the heating and cooling in a hardening process and a tempering process is not specifically limited. Moreover, the bending process in a formation process is not specifically limited. For example, it is possible to perform bending using an NC bender or a bending die in the cold.

  Hereinafter, evaluation tests on the stabilizer and the steel material for the stabilizer related to the fire cracking resistance, the cold bending workability, the strength, the durability, and the toughness will be described.

<Sample manufacturing method>
First, the manufacturing method of a sample (Example 1-8, the stabilizer of Comparative Examples 1-7, 9-13) is demonstrated. The sample manufacturing method includes a hot forging process, a forming process, a quenching process, a tempering process, and a finishing process.

  In the hot forging process, first, the steel material was cut into a predetermined length. Next, both axial ends of the cut steel material were heated, hot forged, and holes were drilled. In this way, as shown in FIG. 1, a pair of eyeball portions 110 were formed at both axial ends of the steel material.

  In the forming process, the steel material was cold-bent. Specifically, the steel material was curved in a U shape. Thus, as shown in FIG. 1, the torsion part 10 and the pair of arm parts 11 were formed.

  In the quenching process, first, a pair of eyeball portions 110 made of steel were clamped. Subsequently, it heated to quenching temperature 970 degreeC by supplying with electricity between a pair of eyeball parts 110, and carrying out energization heating. Then, the steel was quenched with water.

  In the tempering step, the steel material was heated again and gradually cooled. In addition, the maximum temperature (tempering temperature) at the time of heating was adjusted with the goal that the hardness of the steel material in the radial direction after tempering was 420 HV. However, in Comparative Example 10 described later, the hardness after the quenching process increased only to 320 HV. For this reason, it is judged that it is impossible to adjust to 420 HV in the tempering step, and if tempering is performed, the hardness may further decrease and the difference from the target value may further increase. No tempering was performed. Moreover, about Example 7, in the finishing process, the coating process performed by heating steel materials also served as the tempering process. The coating temperature, that is, the tempering temperature was 200 ° C.

  In the finishing process, first, the shape of the steel material is finely adjusted, then the surface is subjected to shot peening treatment, then the surface is coated, and finally a pair of rings 12 are caulked and fixed to the torsion part 10 as shown in FIG. . In this way, a sample was manufactured.

  Comparative Example 8 is a sample for evaluating the difference in easiness of fire cracking between a hollow case and a solid case. For Comparative Example 8, only the evaluation of fire cracking resistance was performed. The evaluation method will be described later.

<Sample composition>
Next, the composition of the sample will be described. In Table 1, the data regarding the components of Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-13, production conditions, and evaluation items (fire cracking resistance, cold bending workability, strength, durability, toughness) are shown.

Those outside the numerical ranges of the components and characteristics specified in the claims are marked with “*”. In addition, characteristics that are not specified in the claims and that are remarkably inferior are indicated by “#”.

  Hereinafter, features of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 13 will be briefly described. Examples 1 to 8 are solid stabilizers of the present invention. In Comparative Example 1, C exceeds the upper limit value with respect to the composition range of the present invention. In Comparative Example 2, Cr exceeds the upper limit with respect to the composition range of the present invention. Moreover, the numerical value of Formula (1) is over the upper limit with respect to the composition range of this invention. In Comparative Example 3, Si exceeds the upper limit with respect to the composition range of the present invention. In Comparative Example 4, the numerical value of the formula (1) exceeds the upper limit value with respect to the composition range of the present invention. In Comparative Example 5, Ti exceeds the upper limit with respect to the composition range of the present invention. In Comparative Example 6, the numerical value of the formula (1) is lower than the lower limit value with respect to the composition range of the present invention. Moreover, the comparative example 6 is a solid stabilizer manufactured using the same material as the steel material conventionally used for hollow stabilizers. In Comparative Example 7, Mn exceeds the upper limit value with respect to the composition range of the present invention. Moreover, the numerical value of Formula (1) is over the upper limit with respect to the composition range of this invention. Comparative Example 7 is a solid stabilizer made of the same steel material as the base steel pipe C in Table 1 of Patent Document 2. That is, the steel material substantially the same as the steel material currently disclosed by patent document 2 for hollow stabilizers is prepared, and the solid stabilizer is manufactured from the steel material. The comparative example 8 will be described later. In Comparative Example 9, C is below the lower limit with respect to the composition range of the present invention. Moreover, the numerical value of Formula (2) exceeds the upper limit with respect to the composition range of the present invention. In Comparative Example 10, Ti and B are lower than the lower limit values with respect to the composition range of the present invention. Moreover, the numerical value of Formula (1) is less than a lower limit with respect to the composition range of this invention. Comparative Example 10 is a solid stabilizer made of steel corresponding to JIS carbon steel S33C. In Comparative Example 11, C and Cr exceed the upper limit values with respect to the composition range of the present invention. Moreover, Ti and B are less than a lower limit with respect to the composition range of the present invention. Moreover, the numerical value of Formula (1) is over the upper limit with respect to the composition range of this invention. Comparative Example 11 is a solid stabilizer made of steel corresponding to JIS spring steel SUP9. Comparative Example 12 is a solid stabilizer made of the same steel as Example 1. The heating temperature during finish rolling of the steel material exceeds the upper limit of the present invention. Comparative Example 13 is a solid stabilizer made of the same steel as Example 3. The heating temperature during finish rolling of the steel material exceeds the upper limit of the present invention.

  In addition, although not described in Table 1, since all the steel materials used as an Example are deoxidizing, they contain a small amount (0.010 to 0.035%) of Al. Moreover, although not described in Table 1, the P content of all the steel materials used as examples is 0.03% or less.

<Evaluation items and evaluation methods>
Next, evaluation items and evaluation methods will be described with reference to Table 1. For Comparative Example 8, only the fire cracking resistance was evaluated.

[Fire crack resistance]
Thirty test pieces (with a diameter of 26 mm, a length of 100 mm, and a depth of 1 mm) cut out from the steel material after finish rolling were used for evaluation of fire cracking resistance. That is, 30 test pieces were used for each sample. In Comparative Example 8, 30 test pieces having a diameter of 26 mm, a length of 100 mm, a V notch having a depth of 1 mm, and a radial thickness of 4 mm were used.

  The 30 test pieces were first held at a quenching temperature of 970 ° C. for 30 minutes and then cooled with water. The test piece after water cooling was observed, and the case where even one crack could be confirmed was evaluated as “X”, and the case where all thirty cracks could not be confirmed was evaluated as “◯”.

  The reason why the V-notch was added to the test piece was that the cracking problem was originally caused only in a part of the mass production, and it was not a problem that occurred frequently. Because there is no. In addition, the actual occurrence of fire cracks is often caused by cracks such as fine wrinkles, and even in such cases, it is required not to cause fire cracks.

[Cold bending workability]
(Hardness after rolling)
The hardness of the steel material after rolling was evaluated by the Vickers hardness (JIS Z 2244 HV10) of a test piece cut out from the steel material after finish rolling.

(Springback)
Cold bending workability was evaluated by springback. This is because, as described above, when the spring back is increased, there is a problem that the variation in shape after bending increases.

  The spring back includes the bender head rotation angle (design angle between the torsion part 10 and the arm part 11) of the NC bender when bending the steel material, and the torsion part 10 and the arm part 11 after actual bending. The ratio was calculated using the ratio of the actual angle to the actual angle (= actual angle / design angle).

  Specifically, the spring back amount when a solid stabilizer is manufactured using Comparative Example 6 which is a representative example of a steel material for a hollow stabilizer that has been conventionally used is R01, and a JIS spring that has been conventionally used. The spring back amount of Comparative Example 11 corresponding to the most average component of the steel material SUP9 was R02, and the average value of R01 and R02 was R0. The springback amount of each sample is R1, and R1 / R0, which is a ratio with R0, is shown in Table 1.

  As described above, since the variation after bending becomes larger as the springback becomes larger, this value was evaluated as a target value of 1.0 or less. This is less than the average value of the springback amount of each of the steel materials for the hollow stabilizer represented by the comparative example 6 and the steel material for spring SUP9 of JIS represented by the comparative example 11 from the past actual production data. This is because, if the amount of spring back can be suppressed, it is understood that the bending can be suppressed to less than a problem-free variation during the production of the solid stabilizer.

[Strength]
(Surface hardness)
The surface hardness of the stabilizer was evaluated by the Vickers hardness (JIS Z 2244 HV10) of a test piece cut out from the stabilizer.

(Hardness)
The hardness of the stabilizer was evaluated by the Vickers hardness (JIS Z 2244 HV10) of the test piece cut out from the stabilizer.

(Martensite rate)
The martensite ratio was evaluated by observing the structure of the center part in the radial direction of the test piece cut out from the stabilizer with an optical microscope (× 400 times).

(0.2% yield strength)
The 0.2% proof stress is the same as the tensile strength described later. A tensile test (JIS Z 2241) is performed on the test piece cut out from the stabilizer (No. 14A test piece JIS Z 2201), and the permanent strain at unloading. Was evaluated based on the stress of 0.2%.

(Tensile strength)
The tensile strength was evaluated by conducting a tensile test (JIS Z 2241) on a test piece (14A test piece JIS Z 2201) cut out from the stabilizer.

[durability]
Durability was evaluated by a durability test performed on the stabilizer. As shown in FIG. 1, the diameter of the stabilizer 1 is 26 mm. The distance between the pair of bushes 13 is 490 mm. The interval between the pair of eyeballs 110 is 820 mm.

  In the durability test, first, the pair of bushes 13 was fixed to a jig (not shown). Next, the pair of eyeballs 110 were alternately vibrated in the opposite directions. The frequency of excitation was 2 Hz. The excitation stroke (between bottom dead center and top dead center) was 70 mm. Durability was evaluated by the number of repetitions until cracking occurred in the stabilizer.

[Toughness]
Toughness was evaluated by performing a Charpy impact test (JIS Z 2242) at 20 ° C. on a test piece cut out from a stabilizer (JIS No. 2 mmU notch test piece).

<Test results>
Next, test results will be described with reference to Table 1. According to Examples 1 to 8, satisfactory evaluation results were obtained for all the evaluation items for the steel material and the stabilizer.

  On the other hand, according to Comparative Examples 1 to 13, although satisfactory evaluation results may be obtained depending on the evaluation items, satisfactory evaluation results were not obtained for all evaluation items. Briefly, in the case of Comparative Example 1, the cold bending workability was low. Moreover, the toughness was low. In the case of the comparative example 2, the burning crack generate | occur | produced. In the case of Comparative Example 3, the cold bending workability was low. In the case of the comparative example 4, the burning crack generate | occur | produced. In the case of Comparative Example 5, the spring back was large. Moreover, the toughness was low. In the case of Comparative Example 6, the martensite ratio was low. Moreover, 0.2% yield strength was low. Moreover, durability was low. In the case of Comparative Example 7, burn cracking occurred. Moreover, the hardness after rolling was high and the cold bending workability was low. In the case of Comparative Example 9, the 0.2% proof stress was low. Moreover, durability was low. In the case of Comparative Example 10, the strength (hardness, martensite ratio, 0.2% proof stress, tensile strength) was low. Moreover, durability and toughness were low. In the case of Comparative Example 11, the hardness after rolling was high and the cold bending workability was low. Moreover, the toughness was low. In the case of Comparative Example 12, the hardness after rolling was high and the cold bending workability was low. In the case of Comparative Example 13, the hardness after rolling was high and the cold bending workability was low.

  Among the Comparative Examples 1 to 13, Comparative Example 6 is a solid stabilizer manufactured using a steel material used for a hollow stabilizer. From this, it was found that satisfactory evaluation results could not be obtained for all evaluation items even if the steel material for hollow stabilizers was used as it was for solid stabilizers.

  For the evaluation of the fire cracking resistance of Comparative Example 8, a hollow test piece using the same steel material as that of Comparative Example 7 was prepared. As a result of the evaluation, a solid crack was generated in the comparative example 7, whereas no crack was generated in the hollow comparative example 8. From this, it was found that, even when used for hollow stabilizers, there are cases where no burning cracks occur, but when used for solid stabilizers, there are cases where burning cracks may occur. In the present invention, as described above, the solid stabilizer is designed in consideration of the point that the solid stabilizer is more likely to cause cracking as compared to the hollow stabilizer, so that the cracking does not occur while satisfying the strength characteristics as described above. Designed, the effect is very significant when producing solid stabilizers.

  1: solid stabilizer, 10: torsion part, 11: arm part, 12: ring, 13: bush, 110: eyeball part.

Claims (7)

A solid stabilizer manufactured by cold forming, quenching, and tempering a steel material for a solid stabilizer,
The steel material for solid stabilizers is mass%, C: 0.24 to 0.40%, Si: 0.15 to 0.40%, Mn: 0.50 to 1.20%, P: 0.03. %: Cr: 0.30% or less, Ti: 0.01-0.03%, B: 0.0010-0.0030%, satisfying the conditions of the following formulas (1) and (2) And the balance consists of Fe and inevitable impurities,
A solid stabilizer characterized in that the hardness of the central portion in the radial direction after tempering is 400 HV or more, and the martensite ratio in the central portion in the radial direction after tempering is 80% or more.
1.24 <(2C + 0.1Si + 0.4Mn + 0.4Cr) × {1+ (1.5B−300B ² ) × 240} <1.7 Formula (1)
(Si / C) <1.5 Formula (2)   2. The solid stabilizer according to claim 1, wherein the lower limit value of C is 0.25%, the upper limit value of Mn is 1.00%, and the lower limit value of the formula (1) is 1.4.   After the tempering, the tensile strength is 1200 MPa or more, the 0.2% proof stress is 1100 MPa or more, and the impact value at room temperature is 70 J / cm. ² The solid stabilizer according to claim 1 or 2, which is as described above.   In mass%, C: 0.24 to 0.40%, Si: 0.15 to 0.40%, Mn: 0.50 to 1.20%, P: 0.03% or less, Cr: 0.30 % Or less, Ti: 0.01 to 0.03%, B: 0.0010 to 0.0030%,
  The conditions of the following formula (1) and formula (2) are satisfied,
  The balance consists of Fe and inevitable impurities,
  A solid stabilizer steel material that is rolled at a heating temperature of 1000 ° C. or less during finish rolling, and has a hardness after rolling of 200 HV or less.
  1.24 <(2C + 0.1Si + 0.4Mn + 0.4Cr) × {1+ (1.5B−300B ² ) × 240} <1.7 Formula (1)
  (Si / C) <1.5 Formula (2)   The lower limit value of the C is 0.25%, the upper limit value of the Mn is 1.00%, and the lower limit value of the formula (1) is 1.4. Steel material.   In mass%, C: 0.24 to 0.40%, Si: 0.15 to 0.40%, Mn: 0.50 to 1.20%, P: 0.03% or less, Cr: 0.30 % Or less, Ti: 0.01 to 0.03%, B: 0.0010 to 0.0030%,
  The conditions of the following formula (1) and formula (2) are satisfied,
  The balance consists of Fe and inevitable impurities,
  At the time of finish rolling, a steel material for a solid stabilizer that is rolled at a heating temperature of 1000 ° C. or less and whose hardness after rolling is 200 HV or less,
A molding process for cold bending;
  A quenching step of quenching the solid stabilizer steel after molding; and
  A tempering step of tempering the solid stabilizer steel after quenching;
A method of manufacturing a solid stabilizer having
  1.24 <(2C + 0.1Si + 0.4Mn + 0.4Cr) × {1+ (1.5B−300B ² ) × 240} <1.7 Formula (1)
  (Si / C) <1.5 Formula (2)   The lower limit value of the C is 0.25%, the upper limit value of the Mn is 1.00%, and the lower limit value of the formula (1) is 1.4. Production method.

Images