JP5653738B2 - High carbon steel wire manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus thereof - Google Patents
High carbon steel wire manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 93
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 60
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- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 22
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
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Description
本発明は、高炭素鋼線の製造方法およびその製造装置に関し、詳しくは、環境負荷低減型の高強力、かつ、高延性を有する高炭素鋼線の製造方法およびその製造装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a high carbon steel wire and a manufacturing apparatus therefor, and more particularly to a method for manufacturing a high carbon steel wire having high environmental impact reduction type and high ductility, and a manufacturing apparatus therefor.
タイヤの補強材であるスチールコードや高圧ホース等に用いられるホースワイヤ、精密切断に用いられるソーワイヤ等の伸線加工により高強度化される製品は、乾式伸線とパテンティング熱処理とが繰り返して施され、最終的に湿式伸線により所定の歪みが加えられて加工硬化することにより製造される。近年においては、乾式伸線技術の向上や原材料である高炭素鋼線材の品質向上により乾式伸線限界が向上した結果、中間熱処理を省略したプロセスが標準となりつつあり、生産性向上とコスト低減が図られている。 Products that are strengthened by wire drawing, such as steel cords that are used as tire reinforcements, hose wires used for high-pressure hoses, and saw wires used for precision cutting, are repeatedly subjected to dry wire drawing and patenting heat treatment. Finally, a predetermined strain is applied by wet wire drawing, and it is manufactured by work hardening. In recent years, as a result of improvements in dry wire drawing technology and improvements in the quality of high carbon steel wire, which is a raw material, the limit of dry wire drawing has improved. It is illustrated.
乾式伸線限界を向上させるためには、鋼線の時効を抑制することが重要であることから、これまでは鋼線の温度上昇を抑えるための研究や技術開発が盛んに行われてきた。すなわち、潤滑の適正化や鋼線冷却技術の開発である。例えば、特許文献１では、発熱した鋼線を直接冷却するための手法が提案されている。また、特許文献２においては、ダイス通過直後の鋼線温度と各パス減面率および総減面率からなる式が提案され、鋼線の脆化を防止するための製造方法が開示されている。 In order to improve the dry drawing limit, it is important to suppress the aging of the steel wire, so far, research and technological development for suppressing the temperature rise of the steel wire have been actively conducted. That is, optimization of lubrication and development of steel wire cooling technology. For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a method for directly cooling a heated steel wire. Moreover, in patent document 2, the formula which consists of the steel wire temperature immediately after die | dye passage, each pass surface reduction rate, and a total surface reduction rate is proposed, and the manufacturing method for preventing embrittlement of a steel wire is disclosed. .
特許文献１や特許文献２に記載された発熱抑制技術および鋼線の冷却技術により、現在は、乾式伸線、パテンティング熱処理、めっき処理、湿式伸線といった比較的簡略化されたプロセスで、高強度かつ高延性の鋼線の製造が可能となった。例えば、素材として線径５．５ｍｍの線材を用いる場合、上記プロセスにて、引張り強さが３０００ＭＰａを越え、かつ、延性も優れる線径０．１５〜０．４ｍｍ程度の鋼線が量産製造されている。 Due to the heat generation suppression technology and the steel wire cooling technology described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, at present, a relatively simplified process such as dry wire drawing, patenting heat treatment, plating treatment, wet wire drawing, It became possible to produce steel wires with high strength and high ductility. For example, when a wire rod having a wire diameter of 5.5 mm is used as a material, a steel wire having a wire diameter of about 0.15 to 0.4 mm having a tensile strength exceeding 3000 MPa and excellent ductility is mass-produced and manufactured in the above process. ing.
しかしながら、鋼線に対する更なる高強度化や細径化の要求、更なる省エネルギー化やプロセスのコンパクト化等、より一層の技術革新が求められている。このような要求に対する乾式伸線工程とパテンティング熱処理工程の２つの工程における技術課題としては、以下の４点に集約される。 However, further technological innovations are required, such as demands for further strengthening and diameter reduction of steel wires, further energy saving and process miniaturization. The technical problems in the two processes of the dry wire drawing process and the patenting heat treatment process to meet such requirements are summarized in the following four points.
（１）鋼線の細径化のためには、乾式伸線でより細くまで加工を行うことが必要となるが、時効脆化による伸線限界のために乾式伸線での加工量には限界がある。したがって、鋼線をより細径化するためには、中間パテンティング処理が必要とならざるを得ない。 (1) In order to reduce the diameter of the steel wire, it is necessary to process it to a thinner one by dry drawing, but due to the limit of drawing due to aging embrittlement, the amount of processing by dry drawing is There is a limit. Therefore, in order to further reduce the diameter of the steel wire, an intermediate patenting process must be performed.
（２）伸線加工による鋼線の脆化を抑えて伸線限界を向上させるため、もしくは線速を上げて生産性向上を図ろうとすると、冷却能のより強い冷却ドラムが必要になるなど、設備の大型化や投資の大型化および生産性に対する課題も浮き彫りになっている。 (2) In order to suppress the embrittlement of the steel wire by wire drawing and improve the wire drawing limit, or to increase the productivity by increasing the wire speed, a cooling drum with higher cooling capacity is required. Challenges to increased equipment and investment, and productivity are also highlighted.
（３）伸線加工工程とパテンティング熱処理工程とは、処理線速が大きく異なるため、工程の連続化が極めて難しく、工程間の在庫管理やハンドリングの手間といった課題が生じる。 (3) Since the wire drawing process and the patenting heat treatment process are greatly different from each other in processing wire speed, it is extremely difficult to continue the process, and problems such as inventory management and handling labor between processes arise.
（４）伸線加工工程、パテンティング熱処理工程とも、エネルギー多消費型プロセスであるが、更なる省エネルギー化を図るには現在のプロセスの延長線上では限界がある。 (4) Both the wire drawing process and the patenting heat treatment process are energy intensive processes, but there are limits to the extension of the current process in order to further save energy.
このような課題に対し、例えば特許文献３では、上記課題の（１）、（３）に着目し、加工熱処理を行って、加工工程と熱処理工程を同時に行う方法が提案されている。また、特許文献４では、伸線加工時に生じた加工発熱を積極的に利用し、その後の熱処理工程へつなげて加工工程と熱処理工程を連続化させる技術が提案されている。 For such a problem, for example, Patent Document 3 proposes a method of performing the processing heat treatment and performing the processing step and the heat treatment step at the same time, paying attention to the above problems (1) and (3). Further, Patent Document 4 proposes a technique of making positive use of processing heat generated at the time of wire drawing and connecting the subsequent heat treatment process to a continuous heat treatment process.
しかしながら、上記（１）〜（４）の課題に対する対応として、これまでも様々な角度からの検討はなされているが、全ての課題を解消するような製造方法の提案はなされていないのが現状である。また、特許文献４に記載されている上記熱処理はＰＣ鋼材を対象にした３００〜４００℃のブルーイング処理に留まっており、高強度、高延性を有する鋼線を製造することはできない。 However, as a response to the above problems (1) to (4), studies have been made from various angles so far, but there is no proposal of a manufacturing method that solves all the problems. It is. Moreover, the said heat processing described in patent document 4 is staying at 300-400 degreeC blueing process for PC steel materials, and cannot manufacture the steel wire which has high intensity | strength and high ductility.
そこで、本発明の目的は、加工工程で生じる塑性加工発熱および摩擦発熱を積極的に利用することにより、加工工程と熱処理工程とを連続化させると共に、外部から加えるエネルギーを著しく低減させることのできる環境負荷低減型の高強力、かつ、高延性を有する高炭素鋼線の製造方法およびその製造方法を提供することにある。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to continuously use the plastic processing heat generation and friction heat generation generated in the processing step, thereby making it possible to continuously reduce the energy applied from the outside while continuing the processing step and the heat treatment step. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a high carbon steel wire having a high environmental strength and a high strength and high ductility, and a method for producing the same.
本発明者らは上記課題を解消するために鋭意検討した結果、（ｉ）加工歪みが一定以下であれば時効脆化による断線が生じない、（ｉｉ）加工による発熱を積極的に利用することにより加熱工程の負荷を大幅に低減できる、（ｉｉｉ）さらに続く加工工程を適切な温度範囲と適切な加工歪み範囲に制御することにより、従来別工程で処理せざるを得なかった加工工程と熱処理工程を連続化させると共に、外部から加えるエネルギーを著しく低減させることのできる、との知見を得、かかる知見に基づきさらに鋭意検討した結果、上記課題を解消できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have found that (i) disconnection due to aging embrittlement does not occur if the processing strain is below a certain level, and (ii) positive use of heat generated by processing. (Iii) By controlling the subsequent processing steps to an appropriate temperature range and an appropriate processing strain range, processing steps and heat treatment that had to be processed in separate steps in the past As a result of further intensive investigation based on the knowledge that the process can be continued and energy applied from the outside can be remarkably reduced, it was found that the above problems can be solved, and the present invention has been completed. It was.
すなわち、本発明の高炭素鋼線の製造方法は、炭素を０．６５〜１．０質量％含有する高炭素鋼線材に対し、加工歪みεが１．５以下の加工を施し、加工発熱により鋼線温度を２００〜４５０℃の範囲に上昇させ、次いで、連続的に加熱装置を用いて鋼線温度を８００〜９５０℃の範囲に上昇させた後、６８０〜７５０℃の温度範囲で加工歪みεを０．６７〜２．０の範囲にて加工を加えることを特徴とするものである。ここで、加工歪みεとは、加工を加える前の鋼線線径をＤ０、加工を加えた後の鋼線の線径をＤ１としたとき、下記式、
ε＝２×ｌｎ（Ｄ０／Ｄ１）
で表わされる値である。
That is, according to the method for producing a high carbon steel wire of the present invention, a high carbon steel wire containing 0.65 to 1.0% by mass of carbon is subjected to processing with a processing strain ε of 1.5 or less. The steel wire temperature is raised to the range of 200 to 450 ° C., and then the steel wire temperature is continuously raised to the range of 800 to 950 ° C. using a heating device, and then the working strain is in the temperature range of 680 to 750 ° C. Processing is performed in the range of ε in the range of 0.67 to 2.0. Here, the processing strain ε is the following formula when the steel wire diameter before processing is D0 and the diameter of the steel wire after processing is D1:
ε = 2 × ln (D0 / D1)
It is a value represented by.
本発明においては、前記６８０〜７５０℃の温度範囲における加工処理終了後、５５０℃までの冷却速度が、１００℃／ｓｅｃ．以下であることが好ましい。
In the present invention, after the processing in the temperature range of 680 to 750 ° C., the cooling rate to 550 ° C. is 100 ° C./sec. The following is preferable.
また、本発明の高炭素鋼線材の製造装置は、加工発熱により鋼線温度を上昇させるための加工装置と、鋼線温度をさらに上昇させるための加熱装置と、該加熱装置の後段において、６００〜７５０℃の温度範囲で加工歪みεを０．５〜２．０の範囲にて加工を加えるための加工装置と、を連続して備えてなることを特徴とするものである。 In addition, the high carbon steel wire manufacturing apparatus of the present invention includes a processing device for increasing the steel wire temperature by processing heat generation, a heating device for further increasing the steel wire temperature, and a subsequent stage of the heating device. And a processing device for applying a processing strain in the range of 0.5 to 2.0 in a temperature range of ˜750 ° C.
本発明においては、前記６００〜７５０℃の温度範囲で加工を加えるための加工装置の後段に、５５０℃までの冷却速度を１００℃／ｓｅｃ．以下に抑制することのできる保温機構を備えた装置を備えてなることが好ましい。 In the present invention, a cooling rate up to 550 ° C. is set to 100 ° C./sec. After the processing apparatus for applying processing in the temperature range of 600 to 750 ° C. It is preferable to provide an apparatus equipped with a heat retention mechanism that can be suppressed below.
本発明によれば、環境負荷低減型の高強力、かつ、高延性を有する高炭素鋼線材の製造方法およびその製造装置を提供することができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the manufacturing method of the high carbon steel wire which has a high environmental strength reduction type | mold high strength and high ductility, and its manufacturing apparatus can be provided.
以下、本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。
本発明に用いる高炭素鋼線材の炭素含有量は０．６５〜１．０質量％、好適には０．７０〜０．８５質量％である。これは、スチールコード、ホースワイヤおよびソーワイヤなどの用途に要求されるワイヤ強度と延性を確保するためであり、強度確保の面から０．６５質量％以上必要である。０．６５質量％未満であると初析フェライトが生成しやすくなるため、伸線性も劣化する。一方、炭素含有量が１．０質量％より多いと、初析セメンタイトの生成が避けられず、これにより伸線性を著しく劣化させることになる。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
The carbon content of the high carbon steel wire used in the present invention is 0.65 to 1.0% by mass, preferably 0.70 to 0.85% by mass. This is for securing the wire strength and ductility required for applications such as steel cords, hose wires, and saw wires, and is required to be 0.65% by mass or more from the standpoint of securing the strength. If it is less than 0.65% by mass, pro-eutectoid ferrite is likely to be formed, so that the wire drawing property is also deteriorated. On the other hand, when the carbon content is more than 1.0% by mass, the formation of proeutectoid cementite is unavoidable, thereby remarkably degrading the drawability.
以下、環境面、生産面の課題を解決し、かつ後に続く湿式伸線工程での伸線加工性を具備するために必要な鋼線を得るための製造方法について以下に詳述する。 Hereinafter, a manufacturing method for obtaining steel wires necessary for solving environmental and production problems and for providing wire drawing workability in the subsequent wet drawing step will be described in detail below.
本発明の高炭素鋼線材の製造方法では、まず、炭素を０．６５〜１．０質量％含有する高炭素鋼線材に対して加工歪みεが１．５以下の加工を施す。これにより、鋼線の線径を細くしつつ、塑性加工発熱および摩擦発熱により鋼線温度を上昇させる。加工歪みεが１．５を超えると、時効脆化による断線等の問題が生じてしまう。好適には０．５〜１．３である。加工方法は、伸線、圧延など、所定の減面ができる加工方法であれば、その方法は問わない。しかしながら、伸線加工の場合は、潤滑剤が十分に潤滑性能を発揮できる温度範囲が限定されるので、乾式潤滑剤を使用しない圧延加工が望ましい。なお、加工歪みεの下限に関しては、以下に詳述する鋼線温度までの上昇が得られる範囲で決定されるが、特に制限はされない。 In the method for producing a high carbon steel wire according to the present invention, first, a high carbon steel wire containing 0.65 to 1.0% by mass of carbon is processed with a processing strain ε of 1.5 or less. Thereby, the steel wire temperature is raised by plastic working heat generation and friction heat generation while reducing the wire diameter of the steel wire. When the processing strain ε exceeds 1.5, problems such as disconnection due to aging embrittlement occur. Preferably it is 0.5-1.3. The processing method is not limited as long as it is a processing method capable of performing a predetermined surface reduction, such as wire drawing and rolling. However, in the case of wire drawing, since the temperature range in which the lubricant can sufficiently exhibit the lubricating performance is limited, rolling without using a dry lubricant is desirable. Note that the lower limit of the processing strain ε is determined within a range in which an increase to the steel wire temperature described in detail below is obtained, but is not particularly limited.
本発明においては、上記加工による塑性加工発熱および摩擦発熱で、鋼線温度を２００〜４５０℃、好適には２５０〜４００℃まで上昇させる。鋼線温度が２００℃未満では、後に連続的に続く加熱工程において有効な熱の利用ができない。一方、４５０℃を超えると、設備負荷の増大等により、断線や圧延ロール・ダイス割れ等の発生が懸念される。また、鋼線温度がこの温度範囲になるように加工歪みεを制御することにより、冷却ドラム等の冷却設備が不要となり設備の大型化を回避することができる。 In the present invention, the steel wire temperature is raised to 200 to 450 ° C., preferably 250 to 400 ° C. by plastic working heat generation and friction heat generation by the above processing. When the steel wire temperature is less than 200 ° C., it is not possible to use heat effectively in the subsequent heating process. On the other hand, when the temperature exceeds 450 ° C., there is a concern about the occurrence of disconnection, rolling rolls, die cracks, etc. due to an increase in equipment load. Further, by controlling the processing strain ε so that the steel wire temperature falls within this temperature range, a cooling facility such as a cooling drum is not necessary, and an increase in size of the facility can be avoided.
次に、本発明においては、加工発熱により上昇した鋼線温度を積極的に利用し、その後加熱装置を用いて、さらに鋼線温度を８００〜９５０℃、好適には８８０〜９３０℃の範囲に上昇させる。加工の際の発熱を有効に利用することにより、パテンティング熱処理の省エネルギー化を図ることができる。鋼線温度が８００℃未満では金属組織を完全にオーステナイト化できないため、最終的に得られる金属組織が狙いとするものでなくなる。具体的には、セメンタイトの球状化等が生じるので、湿式伸線性を確保できない。一方、９５０℃を越えると結晶粒の成長が著しくなり、やはり湿式伸線性の確保が困難となる。 Next, in the present invention, the steel wire temperature increased due to the heat generated by the processing is positively used, and then the steel wire temperature is further set in the range of 800 to 950 ° C, preferably 880 to 930 ° C, using a heating device. Raise. By effectively using the heat generated during processing, it is possible to save energy in the patenting heat treatment. If the steel wire temperature is less than 800 ° C., the metal structure cannot be completely austenitized, so that the finally obtained metal structure is not aimed. Specifically, cementite spheroidization or the like occurs, so that wet drawing cannot be ensured. On the other hand, when the temperature exceeds 950 ° C., the growth of crystal grains becomes remarkable, and it becomes difficult to ensure wet wire drawing.
その後、本発明においては、６００〜７５０℃の温度範囲で加工歪みεを０．５〜２．０の範囲にて加工を加える。加工温度も湿式伸線性を確保して鋼線の強度・延性を所望のものにするための金属組織の制御条件として極めて重要な条件のひとつである。加工温度が６００℃未満であると、初析フェライトの成長が顕著となることや、加工中におけるパーライト変態などでラメラ配向の良好なパーライト組織を得ることができない。さらに、パーライトブロック径が混粒となるなどで望ましくない金属組織が生じる。一方、７５０℃を越える温度での加工は、パーライト変態の促進効果が小さくなり加工後に変態を生じるまでの時間が長くなることから、ラインの長大化や生産性の悪化などを招く。好適には６８０〜７３０℃である。なお、この場合の加工を加える方法も、何ら制限されるものではない。しかしながら、この温度範囲で所望の形状を得るための方法としては、圧延加工が望ましい。 Thereafter, in the present invention, processing is performed in a temperature range of 600 to 750 ° C. with a processing strain ε of 0.5 to 2.0. The processing temperature is also one of the extremely important conditions as a control condition of the metal structure in order to secure the wet drawability and make the steel wire have the desired strength and ductility. When the processing temperature is less than 600 ° C., the growth of pro-eutectoid ferrite becomes remarkable, and a pearlite structure having a good lamellar orientation cannot be obtained due to pearlite transformation during processing. Furthermore, an undesirable metal structure is generated due to the mixed pearlite block diameter. On the other hand, processing at a temperature exceeding 750 ° C. reduces the effect of promoting pearlite transformation and increases the time until transformation occurs after processing, leading to an increase in line length and productivity. Preferably it is 680-730 degreeC. In addition, the method of adding the processing in this case is not limited at all. However, as a method for obtaining a desired shape in this temperature range, rolling is desirable.
また、上記６００〜７５０℃の温度範囲で加える加工歪みεは、０．５〜２．０の範囲とする必要がある。加工歪みεの増加はパーライトブロック径を微細化させ伸線加工性を向上させると共に、パーライト変態の促進効果を大きくする効果がある。また、鋼線の細径化のためにはここでの加工歪みεを確保する必要がある。こうした効果は加工歪みεが０．５以上で顕著となって現れるため、下限値を０．５とする。一方、加工歪みεが大きすぎると、多段加工にせざるを得ず、段数が多くなるにしたがい温度制御が極めて困難となること、高温での過度な細径化は断線等のリスクが高まること等により、加工歪みεの上限は２．０とする。好適には０．８〜１．６である。 Further, the processing strain ε applied in the temperature range of 600 to 750 ° C. needs to be in the range of 0.5 to 2.0. The increase in the processing strain ε has the effect of increasing the effect of promoting the pearlite transformation while reducing the diameter of the pearlite block and improving the wire drawing workability. Further, in order to reduce the diameter of the steel wire, it is necessary to ensure the processing strain ε here. Since such an effect becomes prominent when the processing strain ε is 0.5 or more, the lower limit is set to 0.5. On the other hand, if the processing strain ε is too large, multi-step processing is unavoidable, and as the number of steps increases, temperature control becomes extremely difficult, and excessive thinning at high temperatures increases the risk of disconnection, etc. Therefore, the upper limit of the processing strain ε is set to 2.0. Preferably it is 0.8-1.6.
本発明においては、上記６００〜７５０℃の温度範囲における加工処理後、５５０℃までの冷却速度は、１００℃／ｓｅｃ．以下であることが好ましい。加工終了後の鋼線温度の冷却速度は、パーライト変態を鋼線内で均一に生じさせ、ラメラの配向性を向上させるために、上限を１００℃／ｓｅｃ．とすることが好ましい。１００℃／ｓｅｃ．以下であれば、線径、鋼材によらず、均一なパーライト組織を得ることが可能である。 In the present invention, after the processing in the temperature range of 600 to 750 ° C., the cooling rate to 550 ° C. is 100 ° C./sec. The following is preferable. The cooling rate of the steel wire temperature after completion of the processing is such that the pearlite transformation is uniformly generated in the steel wire and the upper limit is 100 ° C./sec. It is preferable that 100 ° C./sec. If it is below, it is possible to obtain a uniform pearlite structure regardless of the wire diameter and the steel material.
本発明の高炭素鋼線材の製造方法は、炭素を０．６５〜１．０質量％含有する高炭素鋼線材に対し、加工歪みεが１．５以下の加工を施し鋼線温度を２００〜４５０℃の範囲に上昇させ、次いで、連続的に加熱装置を用いて鋼線温度を８００〜９５０℃の範囲に上昇させた後、６００〜７５０℃の温度範囲で加工歪みεを０．５〜２．０の範囲で加工を加えることが重要であり、これにより本発明の上記高炭素鋼線材を得ることができる。これ以外の工程における処理方法や処理条件等については、所望に応じ、常法に従い適宜行うことができる。 The manufacturing method of the high carbon steel wire rod of the present invention performs processing with a processing strain ε of 1.5 or less on a high carbon steel wire rod containing 0.65 to 1.0% by mass of carbon, and the steel wire temperature is 200 to 200 ° C. After raising the steel wire temperature to a range of 800 to 950 ° C. using a heating device continuously, the processing strain ε is increased to 0.5 to 600 ° C. in the temperature range of 600 to 750 ° C. It is important to add processing within the range of 2.0, whereby the high carbon steel wire of the present invention can be obtained. About the processing method in other processes, processing conditions, etc., it can carry out suitably according to a conventional method if desired.
次に、本発明の高炭素鋼線材の製造装置について説明する。
本発明の高炭素鋼線材の製造装置は、加工発熱により鋼線温度を上昇させるための加工装置と、鋼線温度をさらに上昇させるための加熱装置と、該加熱装置の後段において、６００〜７５０℃の温度範囲で加工歪みεを０．５〜２．０の範囲にて加工を加えるための加工装置と、を連続して備えてなる。このような構成とすることで、加工工程で生じる塑性加工発熱および摩擦発熱を積極的に利用することができ、加工工程と熱処理工程とを連続化させると共に、外部から加えるエネルギーを著しく低減させることができる。
Next, the manufacturing apparatus of the high carbon steel wire material of this invention is demonstrated.
An apparatus for producing a high carbon steel wire rod according to the present invention includes a processing device for raising the steel wire temperature by processing heat generation, a heating device for further raising the steel wire temperature, and a subsequent stage of the heating device, 600 to 750. And a processing device for applying a processing strain ε in the temperature range of 0.5 to 2.0 in a temperature range of ° C. By adopting such a configuration, plastic working heat and frictional heat generated in the processing process can be used positively, and the processing process and the heat treatment process can be made continuous and the energy applied from the outside can be significantly reduced. Can do.
本発明の高炭素鋼線材の製造装置に用いる加工発熱により鋼線温度を上昇させるための加工装置としては、加工歪みεが１．５以下の加工を施し鋼線温度を２００〜４５０℃の範囲に上昇させることができるものであれば特に制限はないが、上述のように、伸線加工の場合は、潤滑剤が十分に潤滑性能を発揮できる温度範囲が限定されるので、乾式潤滑剤を使用しない圧延加工が望ましい。したがって、マイクロミルのような連続圧延機を好適に用いることができる。 As a processing apparatus for raising the steel wire temperature by processing heat generation used in the high carbon steel wire manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, a processing strain ε of 1.5 or less is applied and the steel wire temperature is in the range of 200 to 450 ° C. However, as described above, in the case of wire drawing, the temperature range in which the lubricant can sufficiently exhibit the lubricating performance is limited. Rolling that is not used is desirable. Therefore, a continuous rolling mill such as a micro mill can be used preferably.
本発明の高炭素鋼線材の製造装置に用いる鋼線温度をさらに上昇させるための加熱装置としては、鋼線温度を８００〜９５０℃の範囲に上昇させることができるものであれば、特に制限はない。例えば、高周波誘電加熱装置や通電加熱装置を用いることができる。 As a heating device for further increasing the steel wire temperature used in the high carbon steel wire production apparatus of the present invention, there is no particular limitation as long as the steel wire temperature can be increased to a range of 800 to 950 ° C. Absent. For example, a high frequency dielectric heating device or an electric heating device can be used.
本発明の高炭素鋼線材の製造装置に用いる６００〜７５０℃の温度範囲で加工歪みεを０．５〜２．０の範囲にて加工を加えるための加工装置としては、この温度範囲で所望の形状を得られるように加工可能なものであれば特に制限はない。例えば、マイクロミルのような連続圧延機を好適に用いることができる。 As a processing apparatus for applying a processing strain ε in the range of 0.5 to 2.0 in the temperature range of 600 to 750 ° C. used in the high carbon steel wire manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, it is desirable in this temperature range. There is no particular limitation as long as it can be processed to obtain the shape. For example, a continuous rolling mill such as a micro mill can be preferably used.
本発明においては、６００〜７５０℃の温度範囲における加工処理後、５５０℃までの冷却速度は、１００℃／ｓｅｃ．以下に抑制することのできる保温機構を備えた装置を有することが好ましい。保温手段としては、例えば、高周波誘電加熱装置や通電加熱装置を用いることができる。 In the present invention, after processing in the temperature range of 600 to 750 ° C., the cooling rate to 550 ° C. is 100 ° C./sec. It is preferable to have the apparatus provided with the heat retention mechanism which can be suppressed below. As the heat retaining means, for example, a high frequency dielectric heating device or an electric heating device can be used.
以下、本発明を実施例を用いてより詳細に説明する。
＜実施例１〜５および比較例１〜８＞
高炭素鋼線材として、直径５．５ｍｍの共析鋼線材を用いた。化学成分は、炭素：０．８１質量％、ケイ素：０．１９質量％、マンガン：０．４９質量％、リン：０．００４質量％、硫黄：０．００４質量％、ニッケル：０．０１質量％、クロム：０．０２質量％、銅：０．０１質量％、窒素：０．００２８質量％、残余が鉄である。この線材に対して、下記表１〜３に示す条件で加工熱処理を加え、線径２．０〜１．１ｍｍの鋼線を製造した。ここで、鋼線の温度を上昇させるための加工を加工１、加熱後の鋼線の加工を加工２とした。加工１における加工歪みεと加工後鋼線温度、加熱処理における鋼線温度、および加工２における加工温度と加工歪みεをパラメータとして変動させた。加工１、加工２とも、圧延加工とし、加熱処理は高周波誘導加熱により行った。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
<Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-8>
As a high carbon steel wire, a eutectoid steel wire having a diameter of 5.5 mm was used. Chemical components: carbon: 0.81% by mass, silicon: 0.19% by mass, manganese: 0.49% by mass, phosphorus: 0.004% by mass, sulfur: 0.004% by mass, nickel: 0.01% by mass %, Chromium: 0.02 mass%, copper: 0.01 mass%, nitrogen: 0.0028 mass%, and the balance is iron. The wire rod was subjected to thermomechanical treatment under the conditions shown in Tables 1 to 3 to produce a steel wire having a wire diameter of 2.0 to 1.1 mm. Here, the processing for raising the temperature of the steel wire was referred to as processing 1, and the processing of the steel wire after heating was referred to as processing 2. The processing strain ε and post-processing steel wire temperature in processing 1, the steel wire temperature in heat treatment, and the processing temperature and processing strain ε in processing 2 were varied as parameters. Both processing 1 and processing 2 were rolling, and the heat treatment was performed by high frequency induction heating.
加熱処理の際の電力量を測定して、鋼線温度３０℃から加熱処理をした場合との電力量の差異より省エネルギー率を算出した。省エネルギー率１０％以上を目標とした。結果を表１〜３に併記する。また、表１〜３の製造条件により製造した鋼線の品質評価は、得られた鋼線に対し伸線歪み３．５の湿式伸線を行い、得られた鋼線の物性を評価することにより行った。引張強度は３０００ＭＰａ以上、捻り回数は２０回以上を目標とした。得られた結果を表１〜３に併記する。 The amount of power during the heat treatment was measured, and the energy saving rate was calculated from the difference in the amount of power from the case where the heat treatment was performed from a steel wire temperature of 30 ° C. The target was an energy saving rate of 10% or more. The results are shown in Tables 1-3. Moreover, quality evaluation of the steel wire manufactured on the manufacturing conditions of Tables 1-3 performs wet wire drawing of the wire drawing distortion 3.5 with respect to the obtained steel wire, and evaluates the physical property of the obtained steel wire. It went by. The tensile strength was set to 3000 MPa or more, and the number of twists was set to 20 times or more. The obtained results are also shown in Tables 1-3.
以上、詳述してきたように、本発明は、加工工程で生じる塑性加工発熱および摩擦発熱を積極的に利用することにより、加工工程と熱処理工程とを連続化させることが可能となり、かつ、外部から加えるエネルギーを著しく低減させることのできる環境負荷低減型の高強力・高延性を有する高炭素鋼線材の製造方法および製造設備であり、実用上益するところ大である。 As described above in detail, the present invention makes it possible to continue the processing step and the heat treatment step by positively utilizing the plastic processing heat generation and frictional heat generation generated in the processing step, and externally. This is a method and equipment for producing a high carbon steel wire rod having high strength and high ductility, which can significantly reduce the energy applied from the environment, and has great practical advantages.
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