JP5658529B2 - Engine test equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an engine test apparatus , and more particularly to a highly safe engine test apparatus .

  An engine bench is known as a device for testing engine performance (see Patent Document 1). The engine bench is a test device that evaluates whether a developed and manufactured test engine has a predetermined performance. The engine to be tested is attached to a bench test machine (engine bench). The output shaft of the engine is connected to a dynamometer via a torque meter or a tachometer, and the rotational force of the output shaft of the engine is absorbed by this dynamometer. Thereby, a bench test is performed, and the performance of the engine is measured and evaluated.

Patent No. 3028433

  By the way, when a new engine test device is created or when a new engine is newly tested, an unexpected situation may occur in the engine or dynamometer. There was a risk of damage due to rotation. For this reason, in the past, safety was ensured by repeatedly performing preliminary tests, or appropriate control parameters (that is, values that change the characteristics of the controller, such as proportional gains of PI controllers, Integral gain). For this reason, conventionally, there has been a problem that preparation work before the test takes time.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an engine test apparatus that can ensure safety and can easily perform preparatory work before a test.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention of claim 1 is an engine test apparatus comprising a dynamometer for applying a load to an engine to be tested, and a control device for controlling the engine and the dynamometer. Has a controller that outputs a control command value and a real machine part including the engine and the dynamometer, and has a bench model including at least the engine model and the dynamometer, and the control command value is input to the bench model. A simulation unit that inputs and executes a simulation, and the control device determines a control parameter for operating the actual unit based on the result of the simulation, and the actual unit based on the determined control parameter An engine test apparatus characterized by controlling the operation of a part is provided.

  The inventor of the present invention not only models the engine to be tested, but also performs a simulation using a bench model that models the actual machine part of the test apparatus including the engine, thereby reducing the risk of the entire test apparatus. It came to the idea that it can be grasped in advance and safety can be improved. The present invention was made based on such an idea, and the control parameter was determined by executing a simulation using a bench model, and the actual unit was operated based on the control parameter. It is possible to reduce the risk when starting operation of the actual machine part. Further, according to the present invention, since only appropriate control parameters are obtained by simulation, preparation work can be greatly reduced.

The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that, in claim 1, the simulation unit repeatedly executes the simulation while changing the control parameter until the result of the simulation falls within a preset specification range. To do. Thereby, an appropriate control parameter is determined, and the actual machine unit is controlled based on the control parameter. Therefore, the actual machine unit can be operated as specified, and safety can be improved.

A third aspect of the present invention is the control device according to the first or second aspect, wherein the control device includes switching means for switching an output destination of a control command value output from the controller between the simulation unit and the actual unit. The means switches the output destination of the control command value from the simulation unit to the actual machine unit when the control parameter is determined.

  According to the present invention, the control parameter is determined by executing the simulation using the bench model, and the operation of the actual machine unit is controlled based on the control parameter. Risk can be reduced. Further, according to the present invention, since only the simulation is executed, the preparation work can be greatly reduced.

The figure which shows schematic structure of the engine test apparatus to which this invention is applied. Control block diagram of engine test apparatus of the present embodiment Diagram showing an example of a bench model The figure which shows the flow at the time of driving | running the engine test apparatus of this Embodiment The figure which shows the effect | action of the engine test apparatus of this Embodiment. The figure which shows the effect | action of the engine test apparatus of this Embodiment.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of an engine test apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration mainly of an actual machine part of an engine test apparatus 10 to which the present invention is applied.

  The engine test apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 is an apparatus for measuring and evaluating the performance of the engine 12 to be tested. The engine test apparatus 10 mainly includes an engine 12, a dynamometer 14 and the like, a dynamo control unit 16, and an engine control unit 18. , And a control portion including the control device 20 and the like.

  The engine 12 is fixed to a gantry 22 and a combustion chamber (not shown) is provided in the engine 12. An air intake pipe 24 for air suction is connected to the combustion chamber, and an intake flow adjusting throttle 26 is provided in the intake pipe 24. An exhaust pipe 28 is connected to the combustion chamber, and an exhaust gas purification catalyst mounting portion 30 is provided in the exhaust pipe 28.

  The output shaft of the engine 12 is connected to the dynamometer 14 via the shaft member 32. The shaft member 32 is configured by connecting a plurality of shaft members such as a main shaft, and a universal joint 34 is interposed in the connecting portion. A torque meter 36 is attached to the shaft member 32, and the torque is measured by the torque meter 36. In the present embodiment, the torque is measured by the torque meter 36. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the torque may be detected from the output value of the dynamometer 14. In addition to the torque meter 36, a clutch, a transmission, various connecting means, and the like may be inserted depending on the purpose. Further, means for measuring the state of the engine 12 other than the torque (for example, the temperature of the exhaust gas) may be inserted.

  The dynamometer 14 is a device that applies a predetermined load torque to the engine 12, and can set the load torque by varying the current and voltage. As the dynamometer 14, a low inertia dynamometer is preferably used. By using the low inertia dynamometer, a stable output corresponding to a sudden change in the rotational speed from low speed rotation to high speed rotation can be obtained.

  A dynamometer control unit 16 is connected to the dynamometer 14. The dynamo control unit 16 is means for variably controlling the current / voltage applied to the dynamometer 14, and the load of the engine 12 connected to the dynamometer 14 is controlled by variably controlling the current / voltage with the dynamo control unit 16. Torque is controlled.

  On the other hand, the engine 12 is connected to the engine control unit 18. The engine control unit 18 is means for driving and controlling the engine 12 by giving a control signal such as throttle opening and ignition advance angle to the engine 12, and is usually an ECU or an engine control circuit in which a bypass circuit is added to the ECU. It is realized with. Instead of the ECU, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) called a virtual ECU may be used. The engine control unit 18 gives a control signal (for example, a predetermined throttle opening) to the engine 12. As a result, the engine 12 rotates, and the rotation is transmitted to the dynamometer 14 via the shaft 32. The control signal given from the engine control unit 18 includes the engine speed, throttle opening, fuel injection amount, air injection amount, fuel / air mixture ratio, ignition time (in the case of a gasoline engine), fuel injection control. There are various control signals such as the method (in the case of a diesel engine).

  The dynamometer 14, dynamo control unit 16, engine control unit 18, and torque meter 36 described above are connected to the control device 20. The control device 20 has a function of feedback-controlling the dynamometer 14 and the engine 12 via the dynamometer control unit 16 and the engine control unit 18, and as shown in FIG. 2, a controller 40, a simulation unit 42, and a switching means 44. It has.

  The controller 40 is a part that performs PID control based on control parameters, and includes a PID controller for an En control system and a PID controller for a Dy control system. When torque control is performed in the Dy control system, an FF controller may be further provided. A target value (for example, a throttle opening target value of the engine 12 and a torque target value of the dynamometer 14) is set (input) in the controller 40, and feedback control is performed so that these target values are obtained. Further, the controller 40 outputs a throttle opening control command value (hereinafter referred to as Th command value) and a torque control command value (hereinafter referred to as Dy command value) to the dynamometer 14 as control command values. .

  The switching unit 44 is a circuit that switches the output destination of the control command value output from the controller 40. The switching unit 44 switches the output destination from the simulation unit 42 to the actual machine unit when a simulation result described later falls within the specification range.

  The simulation unit 42 includes a bench model obtained by modeling the above-described real machine unit, and executes a simulation using the bench model. The bench model is created as shown in FIG. 3 as an ideal two-mass model in which the engine 12 and the dynamometer 14 are connected, for example.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a bench model. In the figure, _JE is an inertia value of the engine 12, _JD is an inertia value of the dynamometer 14, K is a shaft torsion spring constant, and C is a shaft damper coefficient. Further, _{N E} is the rotational speed of the engine 12, _{N D} is the rotational speed of the dynamometer 14, _{T E} is the torque of the engine 12, _{T D} is the torque of the dynamometer 14, T is the shaft 50 Torque.

As shown in FIG. 3, engine model is made has an engine map as an input value of the engine map Th command value and the engine speed N _E, and outputs a driving torque T _E. Then, by integrating the difference between the load torque T from the output to the drive torque T _E and the shaft model, by dividing the inertia value J _E of the engine 12, it is obtained the rotational speed N _E.

Dynamo model has a dynamo map, this dynamo map as input dynamo rotational speed N _D and Dy command value (torque specified value), and outputs the drive torque T _D. Then, by integrating the difference between the load torque T from the output to the drive torque T _D and the shaft model, by dividing the inertia value J _D dynamometer 14, it is determined rotational speed N _D.

  The shaft model is a model of the shaft member 32 that connects the engine 12 and the dynamometer 14. The shaft model is twisted by the difference in the rotational speed between the engine 12 and the dynamometer 14 and functions as a spring damper. The force generated by the spring / damper is output as a load torque T to the engine model and the dynamo model.

  The bench model configured as described above outputs the rotational speed and the torque value as simulation results by inputting the Dy command value and the Th command value as in the case of the actual machine unit. Then, it is determined whether or not the simulation result is within a preset specification range. If the simulation result is within the specification range, the switching means 44 switches the output destination of the control command value to the actual machine unit. Thereby, the control command value from the controller 40 is output to the actual machine part (actually the dynamo control part 16 and the engine control part 18), and the operation of the actual machine part is started. The output value of the actual machine unit is input to the controller 40, thereby performing feedback control.

  Next, a flow when operating the engine test apparatus 10 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the figure, in the present embodiment, before the actual machine operation (step S7) is performed, a process involving simulation execution (step S3) is performed to determine the control parameters. Specifically, first, measurement specifications are determined in advance (step S1). Here, the specification means an allowable range under specific control conditions. For example, when control is performed based on the number of revolutions of the dynamometer 14, an overshoot when changing the target value from 1000 rpm to 1200 rpm is within 80 rpm, Set the time constant within 0.3s. As another example, when the control is performed by the torque of the shaft 32, the time constant when the target value fluctuation is changed from 500 Nm to 450 Nm is set within 0.3 s, and the torque is set within ± 20 Nm.

  Next, control parameters are input to the controller 40 (step S2). The controller 40 outputs a control command value based on the control parameter. At that time, the output destination of the controller 40 is switched to the simulation unit 42 by the switching means 44. As a result, the control command value is input to the simulation unit 42, and the simulation is executed based on the bench model (step S3).

  Next, it is determined whether or not the simulation result satisfies the above-mentioned specification (step S4). If not, the control parameter is changed (step S5). Then, it returns to step S2, performs a simulation, and repeats this.

  On the other hand, when the result of the simulation satisfies the specification, the output destination of the control command value from the controller 40 is switched to the actual machine unit by the switching means 44 (step S6). Thereby, the control command value output with an appropriate control parameter is output to the actual machine unit, and the operation of the actual machine unit is started (step S7). As described above, since the simulation is executed using the bench model to determine the control parameter and the actual machine unit is operated based on the control parameter, it is possible to prevent an unexpected situation from occurring in the actual machine unit.

  It should be noted that the test mode may be performed before the actual machine unit is fully operational. In the test mode, the operation result of the actual machine unit is compared with the simulation result, and when the difference between the two is determined to be within a predetermined range, the actual machine unit starts full-scale operation.

  Next, the operation of the engine test apparatus 10 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is a test result when the rotational speed of the dynamometer 14 is controlled as a target value, and FIG. 6 is a test result when the torque is controlled as a target value. More specifically, FIG. 5 shows the rotational speed (upper side of FIG. 5) and torque (lower side of FIG. 5) when the rotational speed of the dynamometer 14 is changed from 1000 rpm to 1200 rpm. On the other hand, FIG. 6 shows the rotational speed of the dynamometer (upper side of FIG. 6) and torque (lower side of FIG. 6) when the torque is changed from 500 Nm to 450 Nm. 5 and 6, (a) shows the simulation result, and (b) shows the result of operating the actual unit.

  As shown in these figures, the operation result of the actual machine part is very close to the simulation result. Since the result of the simulation is determined so as to be within the specification range, the operation result of the actual machine part is also substantially equivalent, and it is possible to prevent an unexpected situation from occurring.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, simulation is performed using a bench model, control parameters are determined, and the actual machine unit is operated with the control parameters. Therefore, an unexpected situation may occur when the actual machine unit is operated. Occurrence can be prevented.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Engine test apparatus, 12 ... Engine, 14 ... Dynamometer, 16 ... Dynamo control part, 18 ... Engine control part, 20 ... Control apparatus, 22 ... Mount, 24 ... Suction pipe, 26 ... Slot, 28 ... Exhaust pipe, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 30 ... Catalyst mounting part, 32 ... Shaft member, 34 ... Universal joint, 36 ... Torque meter, 40 ... Controller, 42 ... Simulation part, 44 ... Switching means

Claims (3)

In an engine test apparatus comprising a dynamometer for applying a load to an engine to be tested, and a control device for controlling the engine and the dynamometer,
The controller is
A controller that outputs a control command value;
A real machine part including the engine and the dynamometer is modeled, and has a bench model including at least an engine model and a dynamo model , and a simulation part that inputs the control command value to the bench model and executes a simulation. Prepared,
The control apparatus determines a control parameter for operating the actual machine part based on the result of the simulation, and controls the operation of the actual machine part based on the determined control parameter. . 2. The engine test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the simulation unit repeatedly executes the simulation while changing the control parameter until the result of the simulation falls within a preset specification range. The control device includes a switching unit that switches an output destination of a control command value output from the controller between the simulation unit and the actual unit.
3. The engine test apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein when the control parameter is determined, the switching unit switches the output destination of the control command value from the simulation unit to the actual machine unit. 4.

Images