JP5667941B2 - Hoisting machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hoisting machine such as an electric chain block for vertically moving a suspended load.

  Examples of hoisting machines for moving up and down a load, that is, a suspended load, include an electric chain block and a hoist. The electric chain block drives the sprocket on which the load chain is hung, so that the load hook for hanging the load provided at one end of the load chain moves up and down to raise and lower the load. The other end of the load chain is accommodated in a chain container, that is, a chain bucket, provided in the hoisting machine main body. On the other hand, the hoist drives the drum around which the wire is wound, thereby moving the load hook for hanging the load provided at the lower end of the wire up and down to lift and lower the load.

  A winding rotary body such as a sprocket or a drum around which a rope for cargo such as a load chain or a wire is wound is driven to rotate by an electric motor. As described in Patent Document 1, the hoisting machine has a speed reduction mechanism including a gear pair in order to decelerate the rotation of the electric motor and transmit it to a hoisting body such as a sprocket or a drum. Is incorporated in the gear case of the hoisting machine body.

JP 2008-230751 A

  When hoisting heavy objects using a hoisting machine, a large load is generated not only on the load chain that lifts heavy objects, but also on the hoisting rotary body for winding the load chain, etc., and the reduction gear pair connected to this. Will do. The tooth surfaces of the reduction gear are worn by contact between the gears, and if the wear proceeds more than a predetermined amount, power cannot be transmitted and the load cannot be held. Therefore, it is necessary to apply lubricating oil such as grease to the gears in order to suppress tooth surface wear. However, the lubricant applied to the contact portion between the gears is scattered and dropped from the tooth surface as time passes after application. In particular, in the speed reduction mechanism having a plurality of speed reduction gear pairs, the first gear pair rotates at a high speed, so that the lubricating oil scatters significantly. Moreover, it is difficult and time-consuming for the operator to regularly apply the lubricating oil since the hoisting machine is set at a high place and is often used in a harsh environment.

  An object of the present invention is to automatically supply lubricating oil to a gear provided in a hoisting machine.

  The hoisting machine according to the present invention includes a rotating body on which a rope for loading with a load hook for hooking a load is wound, an electric motor that rotationally drives the rotating body, and the rotation of the main shaft of the electric motor to reduce the rotation. A hoisting machine having a speed reduction mechanism for transmitting to a rotating body, the hoisting machine main body having a gear case in which the speed reduction mechanism is incorporated and lubricating oil supplied to a gear constituting the speed reduction mechanism is accommodated; A suction pump connected to the oil reservoir of the gear case is connected to the suction port, and a lubrication pump having a discharge hose having a nozzle for applying lubricating oil to the speed reduction mechanism is connected to the discharge port; the suction port and the discharge port The pump chamber is formed between the outlet and is driven by a pump chamber that discharges lubricating oil flowing in from the suction port to the discharge port, and an abutting portion provided on the rope for luggage, and the pump chamber is expanded and collected. And a pump drive shaft which, characterized by circulating and supplying a lubricating oil in the gear case to the gear.

  In the hoisting machine according to the present invention, the lubrication pump expands a cylinder provided with a piston that reciprocates linearly by swinging reciprocation of the pump drive shaft, and the pump chamber defined by the piston and the cylinder. Then, when the lubricating oil flows into the pump chamber from the suction port and the pump chamber is contracted, the suction side check valve closes the suction port, and when the pump chamber is contracted, the lubricating oil is discharged from the pump chamber to the discharge port. And a discharge-side check valve that closes the discharge port when the pump chamber is expanded. The hoisting machine of the present invention is characterized in that lubricating oil is applied from the nozzle to the first gear pair among the plurality of transmission gear pairs constituting the speed reduction mechanism. The hoisting machine of the present invention is characterized in that it has a plurality of nozzles that respectively apply lubricating oil to a plurality of transmission gear pairs constituting the speed reduction mechanism. In the hoist according to the present invention, the contact portion is a winding limit spring provided at an end of the load rope on the load hook side. In the hoist according to the present invention, the load rope is a load chain, and the rotating body is a sprocket.

  In the hoisting machine of the present invention, the lubricating pump that sucks the lubricating oil in the gear case and applies it to the gear is driven by the contact portion provided on the load rope that moves the load hook up and down. Is operated, the lubricating oil in the gear case is automatically applied to the gear of the speed reduction mechanism. As a result, lubricating oil can always be supplied to the tooth surfaces, and the durability of the hoisting machine can be improved without running out of oil between the tooth surfaces. The frequency can be reduced.

(A) is a front view which shows the electric chain block which is a winding machine as one embodiment of this invention, (B) is a right view of (A). It is an enlarged front view which shows the internal structure of an electric chain block. It is an enlarged side view which shows the internal structure of an electric chain block. It is front sectional drawing which shows the deceleration mechanism of an electric chain block. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the lubrication pump shown by FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the lubrication pump in the state which discharged lubricating oil. It is sectional drawing which shows the lubrication pump in the state which suck | inhaled lubricating oil. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of a lubrication pump.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, an electric chain block as a hoisting machine has a hoisting machine main body 10. The hoisting machine main body 10 has a central housing 11 at the center in the longitudinal direction, and support plates 11a are attached to both sides of the central housing 11 as shown in FIG. A motor housing 12 is attached to one side of the central housing 11, and a reduction gear housing 13 is attached to the other side. A hoisting machine main body 10 is formed by the central housing 11, the motor housing 12, and the reduction gear housing 13. An upper hook, that is, an upper suspending tool 14 is mounted on the upper portion of the central housing 11, and the hoisting machine main body 10 is used in a state of being suspended by the upper suspending tool 14. A load sheave, i.e., a sprocket 15 as a rotary body for winding is provided in the central housing 11 on the lower side of the upper suspension member 14 as shown in FIG. The support plate 11a is rotatably supported. A load chain 17 as a luggage rope is stretched over the sprocket 15. A load hook 18, also called a lower hook or a lower hanging tool, is provided at one end of the load chain 17, and a load, that is, a suspended load is hooked on the load hook 18.

  The suspended load hooked on the load hook 18 by rotationally driving the sprocket 15 is moved up and down. As shown in FIG. 1, a chain container, that is, a chain bucket 19 for accommodating the other end side of the load chain 17 is attached to the central housing 11. The end side enters the chain bucket 19, and when the suspended load is lowered, the load chain 17 is drawn out from the chain bucket 19. An operation input unit 21 is connected to the hoisting machine main body 10 via a cable 22, and an operator can operate the hoisting switch and the lowering switch provided on the operation input unit 21 to suspend a load. The winding operation and the lowering operation are performed.

  An electric motor 23 for rotationally driving the sprocket 15 is disposed in the motor housing 12. In the speed reducer housing 13, a speed reduction mechanism 24 for reducing the rotation of the main shaft of the electric motor 23 and transmitting it to the sprocket 15 is arranged, and a brake 25 for braking the rotation of the sprocket 15 is arranged. .

  The load hook 18 moves downward from the upper limit position to the lower limit position by rotating the sprocket 15 in the lowering direction, and moves up from the lower limit position to the upper limit position by rotating the sprocket 15 in the winding direction. The range in which the load hook 18 can be operated in the up and down direction is called a lift, and the rotation of the sprocket 15 is stopped when the hoisting machine is driven to the upper limit position and when it is driven to the lower limit position. . Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a limit lever 27 is attached to the limit shaft 26 attached to the support plate 11 a so as to be swingable around the limit shaft 26. As shown in FIG. 3, two limit levers 27 are parallel to each other, and between the two limit levers 27 is opposite to the chain guide 28a for guiding the load hook 18 side of the load chain 17, that is, the tip end side. A chain guide 28b for guiding the base end side of the side is disposed. A limit spring 29a for winding is attached to the distal end portion of the load chain 17, and a limit spring 29b for lowering is attached to the base end portion side. Each of the limit springs 29 a and 29 b is formed by a compression coil spring, and is a contact portion that contacts the limit lever 27 and drives the limit shaft 26 via the limit lever 27.

  For example, during the hoisting operation for raising the load hook 18, when the load hook 18 approaches the upper limit position, the hoisting limit spring 29a pushes up the chain guide 28a. This push-up force acts on the limit lever 27, and the limit lever 27 swings around the limit shaft 26 in the clockwise direction in FIG. The limit shaft 26 operates the limit switch 30 shown in FIG. 3, the winding operation circuit and the winding power circuit are opened, and the electric motor 23 is forcibly stopped. On the other hand, during the lowering operation for lowering the load hook 18, when the load hook 18 approaches the lower limit position, the lower limit spring 29b pushes up the chain guide 28b. Thereby, the limit lever 27 swings counterclockwise in FIG. 2, the lowering operation circuit and the lowering power circuit are opened, and the electric motor 23 is forcibly stopped.

  When the work by the hoisting machine is finished, generally, the operator winds up the load chain 17 so that the load hook 18 is at the upper limit position. By this operation, the limit lever 27 swings around the limit shaft 26 and the limit switch 30 is activated.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the speed reduction mechanism 24 has a drive shaft 31 connected to the main shaft of the electric motor 23 and an intermediate shaft 32 parallel to the drive shaft 31, and a drive gear 33 a provided on the drive shaft 31 is intermediate. It meshes with a driven gear 33b provided on the shaft 32. The driven gear 33b has a larger diameter than the drive gear 33a, and a first-stage reduction gear pair 33 is formed by these gears 33a and 33b. An intermediate shaft 34 is disposed in parallel with the intermediate shaft 32, and a drive gear 35 a provided on the intermediate shaft 32 is engaged with a driven gear 35 b provided on the intermediate shaft 34. The driven gear 35b has a larger diameter than the drive gear 35a, and a second-stage reduction gear pair 35 is formed by these gears 35a and 35b. The intermediate shaft 34 is parallel to the rotary shaft 16 provided with the sprocket 15, and the drive gear 36 a provided on the intermediate shaft 34 is engaged with a driven gear 36 b provided on the rotary shaft 16. The driven gear 36b has a larger diameter than the drive gear 36a, and a third-stage reduction gear pair 36 is formed by these gears 36a and 36b.

  These reduction gear pairs 33, 35, and 36 are incorporated in a gear case 37, and the lubricating oil L supplied to the tooth surfaces of each gear pair is accommodated in the gear case 37. As the lubricating oil L, grease is used in the illustrated hoisting machine. When supplying the grease into the gear case 37, since the viscosity of the grease is relatively high, the grease is applied so as to adhere to the tooth surface of each gear. The grease applied to the tooth surface may fall off from the tooth surface over time as the hoisting machine is used. As shown in FIG. 4, the dropped grease is below the gear case 37, that is, the oil reservoir 38. Will be gathered together.

  In order to supply the lubricating oil L accumulated in the oil reservoir 38 to the tooth surface, a lubricating pump 40 is attached to the hoisting machine main body 10 as shown in FIG. This lubrication pump 40 is provided between a suction hose 41 communicating with the oil reservoir 38 and a discharge hose 43 communicating with a nozzle 42 attached to the gear case 37. The lubricating oil L in the oil reservoir 38 is guided to the nozzle 42 by the lubricating pump 40. The opening of the nozzle 42 is directed to the drive gear 33a constituting the speed reduction mechanism 24, and the lubricant 42 is applied to the drive gear 33a by the nozzle 42. The drive gear 33a is the gear of the first-stage reduction gear pair 33 among the multiple-stage reduction gear pairs, and rotates at a higher speed than the other gear pairs. Thus, the lubricating oil L applied to the drive gear 33a rotating at high speed is likely to scatter, but by applying the lubricating oil L from the nozzle 42 toward the drive gear 33a, the reduction gear pair 33 is lubricated. Lubricating oil is supplied by the pump 40.

  As shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 4, when the nozzle 42 a is provided in the discharge hose 43 in addition to the nozzle 42, the lubricating oil L can be directly applied from the nozzle 42 a toward the reduction gear pair 35. When the lubricating oil L is applied to the reduction gear pair 36 by the nozzle 42a, the lubricating oil L can be applied to the reduction gear pair 36. Further, nozzles may be provided so as to supply the lubricating oil L toward the respective reduction gear pairs 35 and 36.

  5 to 7 are sectional views showing an example of the lubrication pump 40. The lubrication pump 40 has a cylinder 44 and a pressurizing head, that is, a piston 45, which is reciprocally mounted in the cylinder 44 in the axial direction. The piston 45 has a cylindrical hollow structure. A pump chamber 46 is defined by the cylinder 44 and the piston 45. The pump chamber 46 contracts when the piston 45 is moved forward in a direction to push the piston 45 into the cylinder 44, and the pump chamber is retracted when the piston 45 is moved backward in the opposite direction. 46 expands. A suction hose 41 is connected to a suction port 47 that opens into the pump chamber 46 and is formed in the cylinder 44. On the other hand, a discharge hose 43 is connected to a discharge port 48 formed in the piston 45.

  When the piston 45 is moved backward, the suction port 47 is opened, the suction port 47 and the pump chamber 46 are in communication with each other, lubricating oil flows into the pump chamber 46, and when the piston 45 is moved forward, the suction port 47 is closed. In order to prevent the backflow of the lubricating oil, a suction side check valve 51 is mounted in the cylinder 44. Thus, the suction side check valve 51 causes the lubricating oil L to flow into the pump chamber 46 from the suction port 47 when the pump chamber 46 is expanded by the piston 45 and closes the suction port 47 when the pump chamber 46 is contracted. .

  The valve seat 52 provided in the piston 45 is formed with a communication port 53 that communicates with the discharge port 48. When the piston 45 is moved forward, the communication port 53 is opened and the discharge port 48 is brought into communication with the pump chamber 46 through the communication port 53 so that the lubricating oil in the pump chamber 46 is discharged to the discharge hose 43 and the piston 45 is moved backward. A discharge-side check valve 54 is mounted in the piston 45 in order to prevent the backflow of the lubricating oil from the discharge port 48 into the pump chamber 46 when the communication port 53 is closed. In this way, the discharge-side check valve 54 discharges the lubricating oil L from the pump chamber 46 to the discharge port 48 when the pump chamber 46 is contracted, and closes the discharge port 48 and expands the discharge port 48 when the pump chamber 46 is expanded. And communication with the pump chamber 46 is blocked.

  In order to apply a spring force in a direction in which the piston 45 is moved backward to expand the pump chamber 46, a compression coil spring 55 is mounted in the pump chamber 46, and one end of the compression coil spring 55 is attached to the valve seat 52. The other end is in contact with the end of the cylinder 44 on the suction port 47 side. On the other hand, a spring force in the direction toward the communication port 53 is applied to the discharge check valve 54 by a compression coil spring 56, and one end of the compression coil spring 56 abuts on the discharge check valve 54. The end is in contact with the bottom surface of the piston 45.

  In order to linearly reciprocate the piston 45 of the lubrication pump 40, a pump drive shaft 57 is mounted on the hoisting machine main body 10 so as to freely swing and reciprocate. As shown in FIG. The limit shaft 26 is connected. A drive lever 58 provided on the pump drive shaft 57 is in contact with a contact portion 59 provided on the piston 45. Accordingly, the pump drive shaft 57 is driven in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 6 from the rest state shown in FIG. 5, and the piston 45 is pushed into the cylinder 44 against the spring force of the compression coil spring 55 by the drive lever 58. Then, the lubricating oil L in the pump chamber 46 is discharged to the discharge hose 43. Thereby, the lubricating oil L is applied from the nozzle 42 to the drive gear 33a.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, when the pump drive shaft 57 is driven in the direction indicated by the arrow and the piston 45 moves backward by the spring force of the compression coil spring 55, the lubricating oil L in the suction hose 41 is transferred to the pump chamber 46. Inhaled towards. When the suction operation is completed, the suction-side check valve 51 closes the suction port 47 as shown in FIG.

  As described above, when the load hook 18 is driven to the upper limit position, the winding limit spring 29a comes into contact with the limit lever 27 and the limit lever 27 swings around the limit shaft 26. Since the pump drive shaft 57 is connected to the limit shaft 26, when the limit shaft 26 is driven by the limit lever 27, the piston 45 of the lubrication pump 40 moves forward as shown in FIG. Shrink. Thereby, the lubricating oil L in the pump chamber 46 is discharged toward the discharge hose 43, and the lubricating oil L is applied from the nozzle 42 to the drive gear 33a.

  On the other hand, when the load hook 18 is moved downward from the upper limit position, the hoisting limit spring 29a is separated from the limit lever 27, so that the limit lever 27 swings around the limit shaft 26 in the opposite direction. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, the piston 45 of the lubrication pump 40 moves backward, the pump chamber 46 expands, and the lubricating oil L in the suction hose 41 is sucked into the pump chamber 46.

  Thus, since the lubrication pump 40 is driven by utilizing the swing of the limit shaft 26 for driving the limit switch 30, the work by the hoisting machine is finished and the operator sets the load hook 18 to the upper limit. When the hoist is moved to the position, the lubricating oil L is automatically applied to the drive gear 33a of the speed reduction mechanism 24.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the lubrication pump. In FIG. 8, members that are the same as those shown in FIG. 5 are given the same reference numerals. The lubrication pump 40 has a cylinder 44 in which a piston 45 is incorporated so as to be capable of reciprocating in the axial direction, and a pump chamber 46 that is expanded and contracted by the axial movement of the piston 45 is defined in the cylinder 44. A suction side joint 61 to which the suction hose 41 is connected is attached to the cylinder 44, and a discharge side joint 62 to which the discharge hose 43 is connected is attached. A suction-side check valve 51 is attached to the suction-side joint 61. The suction side check valve 51 causes the lubricating oil L to flow into the pump chamber 46 from the suction port 47 when the pump chamber 46 is expanded by the piston 45 and closes the suction port 47 when the pump chamber 46 is contracted. A discharge check valve 54 is attached to the discharge joint 62. The discharge-side check valve 54 discharges the lubricating oil L from the pump chamber 46 to the discharge port 48 when the pump chamber 46 is contracted, and closes the discharge port 48 and expands the discharge port 48 and the pump chamber 46 when the pump chamber 46 is expanded. Block communication with.

  The suction side joint 61 is provided with a stopper 63 made of a wire mesh or the like in order to restrict the upward movement limit of the suction side check valve 51. The discharge side joint 62 is similarly provided with a stopper 64 for restricting the discharge side check valve 54 from closing the flow path in the discharge hose 43.

  As described above, the lubrication pump 40 shown in FIG. 5 has the discharge hose 43 provided on the piston 45, and the lubrication pump 40 shown in FIG. 8 has both the discharge hose 43 and the suction hose 41 provided on the cylinder 44 side. .

  The lubricating pump 40 shown in FIG. 8 is also driven by a pump drive shaft 57 connected to the limit shaft 26. When the load hook 18 is moved up to the upper limit position, the lubricating oil L is driven from the lubricating pump 40. It is applied to the gear 33a. The lubrication pump 40 may be driven when the load hook 18 moves down to the lower limit position. In this case, the lubrication pump 40 is driven when the limit shaft 26 swings due to the limit spring 29b coming into contact with the limit lever 27.

  In the above-described embodiment, the pump drive shaft 57 is driven by the limit shaft 26. However, the pump drive shaft 57 is separated from the limit shaft 26, and a swing member is attached to the pump drive shaft 57, and the load chain. The pump drive shaft 57 may be oscillated through the oscillating member as the 17 moves.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, although the illustrated hoisting machine is an electric chain block, the present invention can also be applied to a hoist in which a wire as a rope for luggage is wound around a drum as a rotating body.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Hoisting machine main body, 11 ... Central housing, 12 ... Motor housing, 13 ... Reduction gear housing, 14 ... Upper suspension, 15 ... Sprocket (rotary body), 16 ... Rotating shaft, 17 ... Load chain (Rope for luggage) ), 18 ... Road hook, 19 ... Chain bucket, 21 ... Operation input section, 23 ... Electric motor, 24 ... Deceleration mechanism, 25 ... Brake, 26 ... Limit shaft, 27 ... Limit lever, 28a, 28b ... Chain guide, 29a 29b ... limit spring, 30 ... limit switch, 31 ... drive shaft, 32 ... intermediate shaft, 33 ... reduction gear pair, 34 ... intermediate shaft, 35 ... reduction gear pair, 36 ... reduction gear pair, 37 ... gear case, 40 ... Lubrication pump, 41 ... suction hose, 42 ... nozzle, 43 ... discharge hose, 44 ... cylinder, 45 ... piston, 46 ... pump chamber, 47 ... suction port, 4 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Discharge port, 51 ... Suction side check valve, 52 ... Valve seat part, 53 ... Communication port, 54 ... Discharge side check valve, 55, 56 ... Compression coil spring, 57 ... Pump drive shaft, 58 ... Drive lever, 59 ... contact portion, 61 ... suction side joint, 62 ... discharge side joint.

Claims (6)

A rotating body around which a rope for luggage having a load hook for hooking a load is wound, an electric motor that rotationally drives the rotating body, and a speed reduction mechanism that reduces the rotation of the main shaft of the electric motor and transmits the rotation to the rotating body. A hoisting machine having
A hoisting machine main body having a gear case in which the speed reduction mechanism is incorporated and lubricating oil supplied to a gear constituting the speed reduction mechanism is housed;
A lubrication pump in which a suction hose connected to the oil reservoir of the gear case is connected to the suction port, and a discharge hose having a nozzle for applying lubricating oil to the speed reduction mechanism is connected to the discharge port;
A pump chamber that is formed between the suction port and the discharge port, and that discharges lubricating oil flowing from the suction port to the discharge port;
A pump drive shaft that is driven by a contact portion provided on the rope for luggage and expands and contracts the pump chamber;
A hoisting machine characterized in that the lubricating oil in the gear case is circulated and supplied to the gear.   2. The hoisting machine according to claim 1, wherein the lubrication pump includes a cylinder provided with a piston that linearly reciprocates by swinging reciprocation of the pump drive shaft, and the pump chamber defined by the piston and the cylinder. When the pump chamber is contracted, the suction side check valve that closes the suction port when the pump chamber is contracted, and when the pump chamber is contracted, the lubricant oil is supplied from the pump chamber to the pump chamber. A hoisting machine comprising: a discharge-side check valve that closes the discharge port when the pump chamber is expanded by discharging to the discharge port.   3. The hoist according to claim 1, wherein lubricating oil is applied from the nozzle to a first gear pair among the plurality of transmission gear pairs constituting the speed reduction mechanism.   3. The hoisting machine according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a plurality of nozzles for applying lubricating oil to a plurality of transmission gear pairs constituting the speed reduction mechanism.   The hoisting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the contact portion is a limit spring for winding provided at an end portion of the load rope side of the load hook. A special hoisting machine.   The hoist according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cargo rope is a load chain, and the rotating body is a sprocket.

Images