JP5673591B2 - Lapping machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a lapping apparatus, and more particularly to a gear lapping apparatus.

  Conventionally, a processing method called lapping (mirror polishing) is known as a processing method for smoothly finishing the surface of a workpiece. In this lapping process, when a workpiece to be machined is placed on a base called a lapping machine, a lapping agent containing free abrasive grains and an oil agent between the lapping machine and the machined surface of the workpiece (polishing surface) ( The work surface of the workpiece is finished with high precision by interposing an abrasive), sliding the work piece while pressing the work piece against the base, and polishing the work surface of the work piece while micro-cutting. It is a polishing process that goes on.

  For example, when the workpiece is a gear, the grinding lap gear is meshed with the workpiece gear to be machined and rotated while supplying the lap agent to the meshing point of both gears. By grinding the surfaces together, the tooth surface roughness and tooth surface shape of the gear to be processed can be finished with high accuracy.

  By the way, in the case of lapping the workpiece gear using one wrap gear, only one tooth surface of both the tooth surfaces of the workpiece gear is machined by rotation of the wrap gear in one direction. Therefore, when machining the other tooth surface of the gear to be machined, it is necessary to attach the gear to be machined in the reverse direction or to rotate the lap gear in the reverse direction. However, there were problems such as requiring man-hours and time.

  In order to solve such a problem, a method of lapping a gear to be processed using two lap gears is known. In this processing method, a gear to be processed is meshed with two lap gears, one lap gear (drive lap gear) is driven to rotate, the gear to be processed is rotated, and the other lap gear (brake lap gear) is used for processing. In a driving lap gear that brakes the rotational drive of the gear and rotates the gear to be processed, one surface of both tooth surfaces of the gear to be processed is processed, and each tooth surface of the gear to be processed is processed by each of the driving lap gear and the brake wrap gear. Is a method of processing. Thereby, since both the tooth surfaces of a to-be-processed gear can be processed at once, the processing time of a to-be-processed gear can be reduced significantly.

  On the other hand, when the work gear is lapped using two wrap gears, the drive wrap gear is rotated to rotate the work gear, and the brake lap gear is used to brake the rotational drive of the work gear. Since the machining load is applied to the gear to be processed through the tooth surface, the position of the gear to be processed may vary depending on the processing load applied to the gear to be processed. Therefore, when lapping the workpiece gear using two lap gears, a support member that supports the workpiece gear against the machining load is required to suppress the position variation of the workpiece gear due to the machining load. It is said. In particular, in order to reduce the man-hours for attaching and detaching the work gear to / from a predetermined shaft core, two lap gears are caused by such processing load in the lapping process without the shaft core fixed to the shaft core. Therefore, a supporting member that can sufficiently support the workpiece gear while preventing the workpiece gear from falling off is essential.

  Conventional lapping apparatuses including such support members are disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2.

  In the lapping apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1, a gear to be processed that is not fixed to an axis is sandwiched between two lap gears and one guide gear so as to mesh with each other. It is an apparatus that finishes the tooth surface of the gear to be processed by supplying a lapping agent in which fine abrasive grains and an oil agent are mixed. In addition, one lap gear is fixed to the drive shaft and driven to rotate by an electric motor or the like, and the other lap gear is braked by a brake device to apply a processing load to the work gear, and each lap gear is processed. It is a device that processes one tooth surface of each gear and finishes both tooth surfaces of the gear to be processed at once.

  Further, the lapping apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 2 includes a first finishing gear that transmits the driving torque of the driving motor to the gear to be processed, and a first torque that is transmitted from the gear to be processed. This is a device for rotationally driving the gear to be machined in a state without an axis by the finishing gear No. 2 and a guide gear that is rotatably supported and meshed with the gear to be machined.

JP 2007-075983 A JP 2008-110427 A

  According to the lapping apparatus disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, both tooth surfaces of the gear to be processed can be processed at a time, and man-hours for attaching to and removing from the shaft core of the gear to be processed are reduced. Since it becomes unnecessary and the replacement of the gear to be processed becomes easy, the processing time and the replacement time of the gear to be processed can be greatly shortened, and the production efficiency of the gear to be processed can be increased.

  However, in the lapping apparatus disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, a spur gear or an inclined gear is used as a support member for supporting the gear to be processed against a processing load applied by the drive lap gear and the brake lap gear. The gear to be machined and the guide gear are meshed without backlash (gap) due to a large machining load applied by the drive lap gear and the brake lap gear, and the tooth surface of the gear to be machined is guided. There is a problem that the tooth surface accuracy of the gear to be machined may be reduced due to cutting by the tooth surface of the gear.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a gear lapping apparatus that can improve the tooth surface accuracy of a gear to be processed with a simple configuration.

  In order to achieve the above object, a gear lapping apparatus according to the present invention meshes a workpiece gear to be machined, a polishing drive lap gear and a brake lap gear, and rotates the drive lap gear to rotate the workpiece gear. Is a lapping machine that polishes the tooth surface of the machined gear by braking the rotational drive of the machined gear with the brake wrap gear, and the lapping machine is configured to rotate and drive the drive lap gear. A support roller that supports the gear to be processed against a processing load applied to the gear to be processed by braking of the lap gear is provided.

  According to the lapping apparatus described above, the tooth profile is not provided as a support member that supports the processed gear against a processing load applied to the processed gear by the rotational driving of the driving lap gear and the braking of the brake wrap gear. By applying a support roller composed of a support surface, the tooth surface accuracy of both tooth surfaces of the gear to be processed polished by the drive lap gear and the brake wrap gear can be maintained.

  Further, in the lapping apparatus described above, the gear to be processed is an inclined gear, and the support roller is disposed at a position where an outer peripheral surface supporting the gear to be processed is in contact with a tooth tip circle of the gear to be processed. Is preferred.

  For example, when the gear to be processed is a spur gear, generally, the tooth tip of the gear to be processed intermittently comes into contact with the support roller in accordance with the rotation of the gear to be processed. The distance between the axial centers changes periodically. On the other hand, when the gear to be processed is a bevel gear, in general, when the gear to be processed is rotated, a plurality of teeth of the gear to be processed come into contact with the support roller, and the tooth tip circle of the gear to be processed The distance between the axes of the support rollers is substantially constant. Therefore, when the work gear is a bevel gear, the support roller is arranged at a position where the outer peripheral surface (support surface) is in contact with the tooth tip circle of the work gear, thereby smoothly moving the work gear and the support roller. Can be rotated.

  In the lapping apparatus described above, it is preferable that the drive wrap gear and the workpiece gear are arranged so as to mesh with each other through the staggered shaft, and the brake wrap gear and the workpiece gear are arranged so as to mesh with each other through the staggered shaft.

  According to the lapping apparatus described above, the drive lap gear and the workpiece gear are arranged so as to mesh with each other by the staggered shaft, so that the slippage in the tooth trace direction is made between the tooth lap surfaces of the drive lap gear and the workpiece gear. The tooth surface of the gear to be machined can be machined with higher accuracy. In addition, since the brake wrap gear and the workpiece gear are arranged so as to mesh with each other with a staggered shaft, slippage can be generated between the tooth wrap surfaces of the brake wrap gear and the workpiece gear in the direction of the tooth trace. The tooth surface of the processed gear can be processed with higher accuracy. Thereby, both tooth surfaces of the gear to be processed can be processed more smoothly in a short time, and the tooth surface accuracy of both tooth surfaces of the gear to be processed can be effectively increased.

  In the gear lapping apparatus described above, it is preferable that a plurality of the support rollers are arranged around the gear to be processed.

  According to the gear lapping apparatus described above, a plurality of supporting rollers are arranged around the gear to be processed, so that the gear to be processed to which a processing load is applied can be supported at a plurality of points. Can be supported more stably.

  Further, for example, when the rotational directions of the drive lap gear and the brake wrap gear are changed and the meshing of the drive lap gear and the brake wrap gear with the work gear is changed, both tooth surfaces of the work gear are polished more uniformly. be able to. On the other hand, when the rotation directions of the drive lap gear and the brake lap gear are changed, the direction of the machining load applied to the workpiece gear by the rotation driving and braking of the lap gear is also reversed. Here, a plurality of supporting rollers are arranged around the gear to be processed, and the supporting rollers are arranged on the opposite side to the processing load applied by the rotational driving of the driving wrap gear and the braking of the brake wrap gear. For example, since the gear to be processed can be supported by the support roller even when the rotation directions of the drive lap gear and the brake lap gear are changed, the process of newly arranging the support roller can be reduced.

  As can be understood from the above description, according to the lapping apparatus of the present invention, the tooth surface accuracy of the gear to be processed can be maintained with a simple configuration.

1 is a front perspective view schematically showing an embodiment of a lapping apparatus of the present invention. It is the figure which expanded and showed each meshing point of the to-be-processed gear shown in FIG. 1, and a lap gear. It is an AA arrow directional view of the lapping processing apparatus shown in FIG. It is a BB arrow line view of the lapping processing apparatus shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a lapping apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a front perspective view schematically showing an embodiment of a lapping apparatus of the present invention.

  The lapping apparatus 10 shown in the figure includes a pair of lap gears including a drive lap gear 1 that rotationally drives the workpiece gear G and a brake lap gear 2 that brakes the rotational drive of the workpiece gear G. The brake wrap gear 2 is meshed with the workpiece gear G at a position where they do not interfere with each other. Here, the drive lap gear 1 and the workpiece gear G are arranged so as to mesh with each other with a staggered shaft so that the rotation axis L1 of the drive lap gear 1 and the rotation axis LG of the workpiece gear G intersect at a predetermined crossing angle. The rotational axis L2 of the brake wrap gear 2 and the rotational axis LG of the work gear G intersect at a predetermined crossing angle so that the brake wrap gear 2 and the work gear G mesh with each other with a staggered shaft. Are arranged as follows. The drive wrap gear 1, the brake wrap gear 2, and the work gear G are applied by arbitrarily combining a spur gear, an inclined gear, a bevel gear, and the like by appropriately setting the crossing angle and the torsion angle of each gear. However, in the present embodiment, a form in which the workpiece gear G is a bevel gear will be described.

  Here, the gears mesh with each other with the staggered shaft means that the gears mesh with each other at positions and postures where the rotation axes of the gears are not parallel and do not intersect with each other. The crossing angle between the rotation axes when the rotation axis of the other gear is projected onto a plane that includes the rotation axis of one gear and is parallel to the rotation axis of the other gear. Is an angle.

  The driving lap gear 1 is connected to a driving device (not shown), and is driven to rotate around the rotation axis L1 at a predetermined rotational speed via the driving device (in the figure, an arrow). R1 rotation direction). The rotational drive of the drive wrap gear 1 is transmitted to the workpiece gear G via the tooth surface, and the workpiece gear G is rotated around the rotation axis LG at the predetermined rotational speed (in the figure, an arrow RG). Direction of rotation).

  On the other hand, the brake wrap gear 2 is connected to a braking device (not shown), and rotates around the rotation axis L2 at the rotational speed smaller than the predetermined rotational speed of the drive lap gear 1 via the braking device. (The rotation direction of the arrow R2 in the figure). As a result, the rotational speed of the work gear G that has been rotated at the predetermined rotational speed by the rotational drive of the drive lap gear 1 is reduced to the predetermined rotational speed, and the rotational drive of the work gear G is braked. It has come to be.

  In this way, the work gear G is rotationally driven by the drive wrap gear 1 and the rotational drive is braked by the brake wrap gear 2 so that a processing load is applied vertically downward (Z1 direction in the figure). Is done.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, at the meshing point of the work gear G and the driving lap gear 1, the surface 1 a </ b> A in the rotational direction of the tooth tip 1 a of the driving lap gear 1 is driven by the rotational driving of the driving lap gear 1. And the one surface GaB of the tooth tip Ga of the gear tip G of the workpiece gear G are in contact with each other via the surface 1aA of the tooth tip 1a of the driving wrap gear 1 and the one surface GaB of the tooth tip Ga of the gear tip G of the workpiece gear G. Thus, the rotational drive of the drive wrap gear 1 is transmitted to the workpiece gear G. At that time, the surface 1aA of the tooth tip 1a of the driving lap gear 1 and the one surface GaB of the tooth surface of the tooth tip Ga of the gear G to be machined are rubbed together, and the one surface GaB of the tooth surface of the gear G to be machined is polished. . On the other hand, since the brake wrap gear 2 is controlled to rotate at a lower rotational speed than the rotational speed of the work gear G at the meshing point of the work gear G and the brake wrap gear 2, The other surface GaA in the rotational direction of the tooth tip Ga and the surface 2aB on the opposite side of the rotational direction of the tooth tip 2a of the brake wrap gear 2 are in contact with each other, and the surface 2aB of the tooth tip 2a of the brake wrap gear 2 and the workpiece The rotational drive of the gear G to be machined is braked via the other surface GaA of the tooth tip Ga of the gear G. At that time, the surface 2aB of the tooth tip 2a of the brake wrap gear 2 and the other surface GaA of the tooth tip Ga of the gear G to be processed are rubbed together, and the other surface GaA of the tooth surface of the tooth tip Ga of the gear G to be processed is polished. The As a result, at the meshing point of the work gear G and the drive lap gear 1, the rotational drive of the drive lap gear 1 is transmitted to the work gear G via the one surface GaB of the tooth tip Ga of the work gear G. At the meshing point of the work gear G and the brake wrap gear 2, the rotational drive of the work gear G is braked via the other surface GaA of the tooth tip Ga of the work gear G, whereby the work gear G Is applied with a machining load in a direction substantially orthogonal to the rotational axis LG (in the direction of arrow Z1 in the figure).

  As shown in FIG. 1, when the work gear G is not fixed to the shaft core or the like, the work gear G moves vertically downward (Z1 direction in the figure) due to the processing load. In the lapping apparatus 10 of the embodiment, the support roller 5 having a curved support surface for supporting the work gear G with respect to the work load and suppressing the movement of the work gear G is the work member G. It is arranged adjacent to. The support roller 5 having a cylindrical shape may support the workpiece gear G without rotating, but the shaft L5 is rotated to suppress the frictional resistance between the support roller 5 and the workpiece gear G. You may rotate synchronizing with rotation of the to-be-processed gear G as a center. The support roller 5 can be arranged in any position and posture as long as it does not interfere with the drive lap gear 1 and the brake lap gear 2. In the illustrated example, the axis L5 is the gear to be processed. It is arranged vertically below the gear G to be processed so as to be parallel to the rotational axis LG of G.

  As described above, at the meshing point of the work gear G and the drive wrap gear 1, the surface 1aA of the tooth tip 1a of the drive wrap gear 1 and the one surface GaB of the tooth surface of the tooth tip Ga of the work gear G slide. In addition, one surface GaB of the tooth surface of the work gear G is polished, and at the meshing point of the work gear G and the brake wrap gear 2, the surface 2aB of the tooth tip 2a of the brake wrap gear 2 and the tooth of the work gear G are combined. The other surface GaA of the tip Ga is rubbed and the other surface GaA of the tooth face Ga of the tooth tip Ga of the gear G to be processed is polished (see FIG. 2), for example, the gear G to be processed is attached in the reverse direction, Even if the lap gear is not rotated in the reverse direction, both tooth surfaces of the gear G can be polished at a time.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the process of lapping the to-be-processed gear G using the lapping apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 is demonstrated.

  First, the workpiece gear G is disposed among the drive lap gear 1, the brake lap gear 2, and the support roller 5 using a conventionally known method. For example, the work gear G is moved in a direction perpendicular to the rotational axis LG, the work gear G is supplied between the drive wrap gear 1 and the brake wrap gear 2 from above in the vertical direction, and the work gear G is driven. The gear 1 and the brake wrap gear 2 may be meshed with each other and disposed between the drive lap gear 1, the brake wrap gear 2, and the support roller 5. The workpiece gear G may be moved in the LG direction and meshed with the drive lap gear 1 and the brake lap gear 2, and disposed between the drive lap gear 1, the brake wrap gear 2, and the support roller 5.

  After meshing the drive wrap gear 1, the brake wrap gear 2, and the workpiece gear G, the lap agent containing abrasive grains and oil at the meshing point of the workpiece gear G and the lap gears 1 and 2 by a lap agent supply device (not shown). , The drive wrap gear 1 is rotated at a high speed around the rotational axis L1 and the brake wrap gear 2 is rotated at a rotational speed less than the rotational speed of the drive lap gear 1 to process the work gear G. Wrapping both tooth surfaces simultaneously.

  At that time, as shown in FIG. 3, the drive lap gear 1 and the workpiece gear G are arranged so as to mesh with each other with a staggered shaft, and the rotation axis L1 of the drive lap gear 1 and the rotation axis LG of the workpiece gear G intersect. Since they are arranged so as to intersect at an angle ε1, slippage occurs between the tooth surfaces of the drive lap gear 1 and the gear G to be processed, and the tooth surfaces of the gear G to be processed, particularly the gear G of the workpiece G One surface GaB (see FIG. 2) of the tooth surface can be polished with higher accuracy.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the brake wrap gear 2 and the work gear G are arranged so as to mesh with each other with a staggered shaft, and the rotation axis L2 of the brake wrap gear 2 and the rotation axis LG of the work gear G intersect each other. Since they are arranged so as to intersect at ε2, slippage occurs between the tooth surfaces of the brake wrap gear 2 and the gear G to be processed, and the tooth surface of the gear G to be processed, particularly the gear G to be processed. The other surface GaA (see FIG. 2) of the tooth surface of the tooth tip Ga can be polished with higher accuracy.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, when the work gear G is not fixed to the shaft core or the like, the work load applied by the rotational drive of the drive wrap gear 1 and the braking of the brake wrap gear 2 is caused. Since the work gear G moves vertically downward (Z1 direction in the figure), in order to suppress the movement of the work gear G, the support roller 5 has an outer peripheral surface (support surface) that supports the work gear G. Is disposed at a position in contact with the tooth tip circle of the gear G to be processed.

  When the lapping of the workpiece gear G is completed, for example, the support roller 5 is removed, and the workpiece gear G is removed from the drive lap gear 1 and the brake lap gear 2 using the processing load, or the workpiece gear G Is pressed in the direction of the rotational axis LG to remove the workpiece gear G from the drive lap gear 1 and the brake lap gear 2.

  The radixes of the lap gears such as the drive lap gear 1 and the brake lap gear 2 can be appropriately set according to the processing accuracy of the gear G to be processed. In addition, the radix of the support roller 5 can be appropriately set according to the magnitude of the processing load applied to the gear G to be processed. For example, by arranging a plurality of support rollers 5 around the gear G to be processed. The work gear G can be supported at a plurality of points, and the work gear G can be supported more stably.

  Further, for example, by changing the rotation directions of the drive lap gear 1 and the brake lap gear 2 and changing the meshing of the drive lap gear 1 and the brake lap gear 2 with the work gear G, both tooth surfaces of the work gear G can be changed. Polishing can be performed more uniformly. At this time, since the direction of the machining load applied to the work gear G is also reversed, if the support roller is arranged vertically above the work gear G, the rotation direction of the drive lap gear 1 and the brake lap gear 2 is changed. When this is done, the gear G can be supported by the support roller.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the man-hours for attaching and detaching the gear G to be processed to the shaft core are reduced, and the decrease in the processing accuracy due to the decrease in the position accuracy of the shaft core is suppressed, so that In order to make the meshing smooth, the form in which the work gear G is not fixed to the shaft core has been described. However, in order to suppress the movement of the work gear G due to the processing load, the work gear G is fixed to the shaft core. Also good.

  Further, in the present embodiment, a description has been given of a form in which the work gear G is a bevel gear in order to suppress positional variation during rotation of the work gear G that is not fixed to the shaft core. When G is fixed to the shaft core or the like, the work gear G may be constituted by a spur gear.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and there are design changes and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. They are also included in the present invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Drive lap gear, 2 ... Brake lap gear, 5 ... Support roller, 10 ... Lapping device, G ... Gear to be processed, L1 ... Rotation axis of drive lap gear, L2 ... Rotation axis of brake lap gear, L5 ... Support roller axis, LG ... Rotating axis of gear to be machined

Claims (4)

The gear to be machined, the drive lap gear for grinding and the brake lap gear are meshed, the drive lap gear is rotated to rotate the workpiece gear, and the brake lap gear brakes the rotational drive of the workpiece gear. A lapping machine for polishing a tooth surface of a gear to be machined,
The lapping apparatus includes a support roller that supports the work gear against a work load applied to the work gear by rotation driving of the drive lap gear and braking of the brake wrap gear. The work gear is composed of a bevel gear,
The gear lapping apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the support roller is disposed at a position where an outer peripheral surface that supports the gear to be processed is in contact with a tooth tip circle of the gear to be processed.   The lapping apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the drive lap gear and the workpiece gear are arranged so as to mesh with each other with a staggered shaft, and the brake lap gear and the workpiece gear are arranged so as to mesh with each other with a staggered shaft.   The gear lapping apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of the support rollers are arranged around the workpiece gear.

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