JP5680820B2 - Demolition method of plaster mold - Google Patents

Description

The present invention, after manufacturing a casting by a mold formed by gypsum (plaster mold), relates dismantling method of the gypsum mold dismantling separating gypsum mold from the casting.

  For example, cast products made of aluminum alloys such as tire vulcanization molds produced in a wide variety of small lots are cast using a gypsum mold excellent in terms of cost and workability. Such a cast product is formed into a predetermined shape by casting a molten aluminum alloy into a gypsum mold in which the inverted shape of the product is formed, and then cooling and solidifying. Then, the gypsum mold is disassembled and taken out from the inside. . For dismantling the gypsum mold, a device is conventionally used in which mechanical vibration or impact is applied to the gypsum mold from the outside, and the gypsum is broken and crushed by the impact to drop it from the cast product (Patent Literature). 1 and 2).

  However, dismantling the gypsum mold in this way may cause gypsum dust to scatter during dismantling work, which may worsen the working environment or cause peripheral equipment failure, and may affect the human body in the long term. There is a risk of giving. Therefore, in this case, it is necessary to deal with each problem by providing dust collecting equipment in the work area to remove the generated dust, and always wearing protective equipment such as a dust mask and protective glasses. Further, depending on the degree of hardness of the gypsum and the strength of fixation between the gypsum mold and the cast product, the gypsum mold may not be cracked or dropped out, and disassembly after casting may be difficult.

  On the other hand, when mechanical vibration or striking cannot be dealt with in the past, a flea-like tool (jig) is used by hand, and an impact is applied after putting a crack that becomes the starting point of cracking in gypsum, Alternatively, manual follow-up is performed by gradually crushing the plaster mold from the outside. However, manual dismantling work of hard plaster requires a lot of labor and time, and there is a problem that work efficiency is extremely low and work is exhausted. In addition, during dismantling, the tool may come off the target position and come into contact with the cast product, which may damage the cast product.

JP-A-5-104236 JP 2003-290908 A

  The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and its purpose is to reliably separate the cast gypsum mold from the cast product without requiring manual dismantling work, thereby deteriorating the working environment. It is to be able to dismantle the gypsum mold reliably and in a short time without damaging the cast product.

The present invention relates to a method for disassembling a gypsum mold by separating a cast gypsum mold from a cast product, the cast product made of a material having a larger amount of solidification shrinkage than the gypsum mold , and a gypsum mold covering the periphery thereof. A step of injecting pressurized gas toward the boundary exposed to the outside of the substrate, and a step of separating the gypsum mold from the cast product by the injected pressurized gas, and the step of injecting the pressurized gas includes casting. There is a step of injecting pressurized gas into a gap generated based on the difference in solidification shrinkage between the gypsum mold and the cast product due to the cooling of the later gypsum mold and the cast product, and the step of separating the injected pressure A step of breaking the gypsum mold by the impact of gas; and a step of separating the gypsum mold from the cast product by causing the injected pressurized gas to enter between the gypsum mold and the cast product.

  According to the present invention, the gypsum mold after casting can be reliably separated from the cast product without requiring manual dismantling work, and the cast product can be disassembled while preventing the work environment from deteriorating. It can be carried out reliably and in a short time without being damaged.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a gypsum mold disassembling apparatus and disassembling method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The gypsum mold dismantling apparatus of this embodiment casts molten metal or the like into a gypsum mold for casting, and after the cast product (for example, a tire vulcanization mold made of aluminum alloy) is cooled and solidified, after casting The gypsum mold is separated from the casting and disassembled. At this time, the disassembling apparatus separates the gypsum mold with a pressurized gas (pressurized gas) such as high-pressure air.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a main part of a gypsum mold disassembling apparatus according to the present embodiment. A gypsum mold 50 after casting and a cast product 51 inside the gypsum mold are also schematically shown.
As shown in the figure, the disassembling apparatus 1 for a gypsum mold 50 includes a cover 2 (shown in a transparent manner in the figure) surrounding a gypsum mold 50 to be disassembled, and a gypsum mold 50 and a cast product 51 in the cover 2 in a predetermined manner. A holding means (not shown) for holding the state and an injection device 10 for injecting the pressurized gas G are provided.

  The cover 2 has a box shape that can block the internal space from the outside, and is formed in a size that can accommodate the injection device 10 together with the gypsum mold 50 inside. Further, the cover 2 has a door portion (not shown) that opens and closes the inside, and opens and closes the door portion to accommodate the gypsum mold 50 and disassemble the gypsum mold 50 and the cast product 51. Is taken out. The disassembling apparatus 1 accommodates the gypsum mold 50 and the injection device 10 in the cover 2, and separates the gypsum mold 50 from the cast product 51 by the injection device 10 in a state of surrounding the whole and blocking from the outside. And dismantle.

  The injection device 10 is an impact generating means that injects a pressurized gas G having a predetermined pressure toward the boundary K between the casting 51 and the gypsum mold 50 and applies an impact to the gypsum mold 50 near the injection position. It has the main-body part 11 which controls injection and stop of the movable pressurized gas G, and the injection nozzle 12 which protruded and provided from the side surface. In addition, the injection device 10 includes a switching valve 14 and a hose 15, in which a pressurized gas supply source 13 including a pressurized pump provided outside the cover 2 is switched to supply / stop the pressurized gas G. The pressurized gas G to be supplied is jetted from the jet nozzle 12 in a predetermined direction via a pipe line in the main body 11 or the like.

At this time, the injection nozzle 12 is formed in a shape and size in which the injection port of the pressurized gas G can inject the pressurized gas G toward the relatively narrow range around the boundary K described above. The pressurized gas G is injected mainly in the vicinity of the boundary K. Further, the injection nozzle 12, with the movement of the automatic to the predetermined position by the moving device of the main body portion 11 (not shown), arranged to direct a jet direction of the pressurized gas G in the boundary K, And the injection position is set to the predetermined position of the boundary K. Here, the injection device 10 uses high-pressure air pressurized to a predetermined pressure as the pressurized gas G, and the injection nozzle 12 is exposed to the outside of the cast 51 and the gypsum mold 50 covering the periphery thereof. Is set, and pressurized air is jetted from the jet nozzle 12 to the boundary K to generate an impact or the like .

FIG. 2 is a main part perspective view schematically showing a state in which the gypsum mold 50 is separated from the casting 51 by the disassembling apparatus 1 in correspondence with FIG.
When the gypsum mold 50 is disassembled, the disassembly apparatus 1 accommodates the gypsum mold 50 to be disassembled and the main body 11 of the injection device 10 in the cover 2 (see FIG. 1), and the injection port of the injection nozzle 12 is used as a cast product. It is arranged at a predetermined position and distance toward the boundary K between 51 and the plaster mold 50. Next, the pressurized gas G is ejected by injecting the pressurized gas G from the injection nozzle 12 of the injection device 10 toward the boundary K and gradually moving the injection nozzle 12 along the boundary K. 2), the gypsum mold 50 is separated from the casting 51 (arrow V in FIG. 2). As a result, the separated gypsum mold 50 is dropped from the casting 51 and the casting 51 at the boundary K is exposed to the outside.

  Here, for example, when a cast 51 made of an aluminum alloy is cast with the gypsum mold 50, the solidification shrinkage of the aluminum alloy accompanying cooling is larger than the shrinkage of the gypsum mold 50. Will occur. Thus, there is a certain gap at the boundary K between the gypsum mold 50 and the casting 51 at the time of dismantling, and when the pressurized gas G is injected toward the boundary K, the impact causes cracks in the gypsum mold 50. For example, cracking occurs from the boundary K side. At the same time, the injected pressurized gas G enters the interface between the gypsum mold 50 and the cast product 51 from the boundary K of the injection position toward the inside of the gap, and the gypsum mold that covers the cast product 51 with the pressure of the pressurized gas G 50 peels from the surface of the casting 51 along the interface. As a result, the gypsum mold 50 is instantaneously dropped from the casting 51 while being divided into a plurality of pieces, and the internal casting 51 is exposed.

  In this way, the disassembling apparatus 1 splits the gypsum mold 50 by the impact of the injected pressurized gas G, and at the same time, causes the injected pressurized gas G to enter between the gypsum mold 50 and the cast product 51 so that the gypsum mold 50 Are separated from the casting 51 and separated from each other. Subsequently, the disassembling apparatus 1 moves the main body 11 within the cover 2 and disposes the injection nozzle 12 of the injection apparatus 10 toward the boundary K between the gypsum mold 50 and the casting 51 to be separated next. The pressurized gas G is injected in the same manner as described above. In this way, the dismantling apparatus 1 sequentially injects the pressurized gas G at each boundary K and repeats the same procedure, and separates the cast gypsum mold 50 from the entire cast product 51 or a predetermined range to dismantle. To do.

  According to the disassembling apparatus 1 and the disassembling method of the present embodiment described above, the gypsum mold 50 can be separated from the cast product 51 simply by injecting the pressurized gas G toward the boundary K between the cast product 51 and the gypsum mold 50. The dismantling of the gypsum mold 50 after casting can be performed reliably in a short time. At the same time, even if it is difficult to disassemble due to the hardness of the gypsum mold 50 and the strength of fixing to the cast 51, or even if the cast 51 has a complicated shape such as a tire vulcanization mold, The gypsum mold 50 can be reliably peeled off and separated from the casting 51 without the need for dismantling work. At that time, since the pressurized gas G is injected from the injection nozzle 12, the pressurized gas G can be injected with high pressure and with the injection direction accurately positioned at the boundary K, and the gypsum mold 50 can be separated more accurately. It can be performed reliably in a short time. Moreover, since it can be separated without contacting the casting 51 simply by setting the gypsum mold 50, the casting 51 can be prevented from being damaged, and the work efficiency can be increased by reducing the work of dismantling. , Fatigue due to work can be eliminated.

  Further, when the gypsum mold 50 is disassembled, the gypsum mold 50 can be immediately separated along with the injection of the pressurized gas G. Therefore, compared to the conventional mechanical vibration and blow that require a long time, or manual dismantling, It is possible to suppress dust scattering. As a result, the work environment can be prevented from deteriorating, peripheral equipment failure due to dust and the impact on the human body can be improved, dust collection equipment for removing dust, dust masks, protective glasses, etc. The need for wearing protective equipment can be reduced. In addition, like this dismantling device 1, the cover 2 surrounding the gypsum mold 50 to be dismantled is provided, and the gypsum mold 50 is separated on the inside thereof, so that dust can be more reliably prevented from being scattered around the work. The environment can be further improved.

  The plaster mold 50 can be disassembled by injecting, for example, high-pressure jet water in addition to the pressurized gas G. However, in this case, when wastewater treatment is necessary and surrounding members such as the casting 51 and the metal frame are in a hot state, they may be rapidly cooled by the jetted water and deformed. Therefore, it is not practical to use water, and a pressurized gas G such as air is suitable for use in disassembling the gypsum mold 50.

(Demolition test of plaster mold)
In order to confirm the effect of the present invention, the dismantling apparatus 1 described above injects pressurized gas G (here, air) toward the boundary K between the gypsum mold 50 and the cast 51 as described above. A disassembly test for separating the gypsum mold 50 from the casting 51 was performed (hereinafter referred to as an example). For comparison, the pressurized gas G was injected toward the gypsum mold 50 without aiming at the boundary K, and the gypsum mold 50 was disassembled only by the impact (hereinafter referred to as a comparative example). Further, similarly to the conventional case, the gypsum mold 50 was disassembled (hereinafter referred to as a conventional example) by applying a shock to the gypsum mold 50 in combination with a chiseled tool.

  In each test, there are two types of castings, each of which is a simple shape cast product (hereinafter referred to as a cast product 51A) and a complex shape cast product (here, a tire vulcanization mold) (hereinafter referred to as a cast product 51B). The gypsum mold 50 was disassembled, and the disassembly time of each gypsum mold 50 was measured. Also, check the presence or absence of gypsum dust and investigate the impact on the work environment, and also check the presence of scratches on the cast products 51A and 51B after dismantling to investigate the impact on the cast products 51A and 51B did. Each result is shown in Table 1, and the disassembly time is represented by an index with the conventional example being 100, and the smaller the value, the shorter the time.

  As a result, as shown in Table 1, the disassembly time of the cast product 51A was 100 in the comparative example and 50 in the example compared to 100 in the conventional example. On the other hand, the disassembly time of the cast product 51B was not able to be disassembled in the comparative example with respect to 100 in the conventional example, and was 57 in the example. From this, in the Example, it turned out that the gypsum mold 50 can be demolished reliably and the disassembly time can be shortened to about half. Moreover, in both casting products 51A and 51B, in the conventional example, gypsum dust was scattered and the casting products 51A and 51B were damaged, but it was found that the comparative example and the example can prevent them.

  From the above results, according to the present invention, the cast gypsum mold 50 can be reliably separated from the cast product 51 without requiring manual dismantling work, and the deterioration of the work environment can be prevented, while the gypsum mold 50 can be separated. It was proved that the dismantling can be carried out reliably and in a short time without damaging the casting 51.

It is a principal part perspective view which shows typically the dismantling apparatus of the gypsum mold of this embodiment. It is a principal part perspective view which shows typically the state which isolate | separated the gypsum mold from the casting by the dismantling apparatus of the gypsum mold.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Disassembly apparatus of gypsum mold, 2 ... Cover, 10 ... Injection apparatus, 11 ... Main-body part, 12 ... Injection nozzle, 13 ... Pressurized gas supply source, 14 ... -Switching valve, 15 ... hose, 50 ... gypsum mold, 51 ... casting, K ... boundary, G ... pressurized gas.

Claims (1)

A method for disassembling a gypsum mold in which a gypsum mold after casting is separated from a cast product and disassembled,
A step of injecting pressurized gas toward a boundary exposed to the outside of a cast product made of a material having a larger amount of solidification shrinkage than the gypsum mold and a gypsum mold covering the cast product; and
Separating the gypsum mold from the cast with the injected pressurized gas;
Have
The step of injecting the pressurized gas includes a step of injecting the pressurized gas into a gap generated based on a difference in solidification shrinkage between the gypsum mold after casting and the gypsum mold and the casting as the casting is cooled. ,
The separating step includes a step of breaking the gypsum mold by the impact of the injected pressurized gas, a step of allowing the injected pressurized gas to enter between the gypsum mold and the cast product, and separating the gypsum mold from the cast product, A method for disassembling a gypsum mold characterized by comprising:

Images