JP5689231B2 - Battery shut-off device for construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a construction machine battery interrupting device capable of interrupting a battery when a construction machine controller such as a hydraulic excavator or a wheel loader is not in operation.

  Construction machines such as hydraulic excavators require maintenance / maintenance / inspection work for engines and the like. Here, construction machinery, etc. is equipped with a battery for supplying power to engine spark plugs and various electrical equipment, in order to improve the safety of work at the time of maintenance and maintenance inspection by service personnel etc. A shut-off switch that manually shuts off the battery is installed. This cut-off switch is connected in series to the negative side or the positive side of the battery, and is used to make it impossible to supply any body power by making the cut-off state.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a vehicle power supply circuit device that prevents a terminal from being accidentally short-circuited with a vehicle at the time of battery replacement by providing a ground breaking relay between the battery and the body ground. Yes.

JP 2000-198400 A

  By the way, in a controller such as a construction machine, when an off signal of a key switch for starting / stopping the controller is input, various data stored in the RAM are stored in a nonvolatile memory such as an EEPROM within a predetermined time after the input of the off signal. It is transferred to memory and saved.

  For this reason, the controller does not immediately turn off the power supply even when the key switch off signal is input, and within the predetermined time described above, specifically, until the transfer processing of various data is completed. It has a self-holding function for supplying power. With this self-holding function, even if the operator turns off the key switch, power is supplied to the controller for a predetermined time, so that the above-described various data transfer processing can be performed reliably.

  However, if the above-mentioned common ground side cut-off switch of the battery is turned off, even if it has a self-holding function, the power supply from the battery is forcibly cut off, the controller goes down, and the various data described above The transfer process cannot be performed.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and even when a shut-off switch is provided, the battery shut-off for construction machinery that can shut off the battery so as not to impair the self-holding function of the controller. An object is to provide an apparatus.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, a battery interrupting device for a construction machine according to the present invention includes a battery housed in a battery box and the battery connected to one of the polar electrodes of the battery. A cut-off switch for switching the connection, a display unit having one end connected to the battery, a controller for controlling a predetermined function of a vehicle on which the battery is mounted, and an operation that is turned on when the controller is operating A controller that internally generates a signal, and a key switch that is connected to the other polarity electrode side of the battery and switches activation of the controller, the controller being connected to the other polarity electrode side of the battery An internal power switch that turns on / off the power supply from the battery to the controller, and the key switch is turned off. A self-holding circuit having a logical sum circuit that turns on the internal power switch when the logical sum of on / off of the operating signal and on / off of the key switch is on, and when the operating signal is on And a display switch for displaying the display section.

  The construction machine battery interrupting device according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the above invention, the display unit is disposed in the vicinity of the interrupting switch.

  In the construction machine battery cutoff device according to the present invention, the display unit and the cutoff switch are provided on the same surface in the above invention.

  In the construction machine battery shut-off device according to the present invention, in the above invention, the battery box is covered by an exterior member of the construction machine, a part of the exterior member can be opened and closed, and has a lock mechanism. It is characterized by that.

  In the construction machine battery shut-off device according to the present invention, the shut-off switch is connected to the negative side of the battery.

  In the construction machine battery interrupter according to the present invention, the self-holding circuit and the display switch are directly supplied with power from the battery.

  In the construction machine battery interrupter according to the present invention as set forth in the invention described above, the self-holding circuit is composed of discrete components in the controller.

  According to the present invention, even when the controller has the cutoff switch, the controller displays that the battery is in use via the display switch when the controller operating signal is on. Therefore, a person who operates the cutoff switch (for example, an operator or a service person) can turn off the cutoff switch after confirming that the battery is not in use by the display on the display unit. Thus, it is possible to prevent the power supply from the battery from being cut off when the power supply by the self-holding function is necessary.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a battery interrupting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a timing chart showing the operation of the battery shut-off device shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an arrangement example of the cutoff switch when a plurality of batteries are connected in parallel. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an external configuration of a construction machine on which the battery interrupting device shown in FIG. 1 is mounted. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which the door at the rear part of the revolving unit of the construction machine on which the battery interrupting device shown in FIG. 1 is mounted is opened. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an external configuration of the battery box. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of an arrangement state of the cutoff switch and the LED.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a battery interrupting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. This battery interrupting device is mounted on a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator or a wheel loader. In FIG. 1, an engine controller CA, a pump controller CB, and a monitor controller CC are supplied with power from a battery 2 in a battery box 1. Further, the engine controller CA, the pump controller CB, and the monitor controller CC are activated and stopped by each controller in response to an on / off signal of one key switch SW1. The key switch SW1 is turned on and off by the key K1, and the key switch SW1 is a starter switch that closes a contact point of a battery relay (not shown) and starts the engine.

  Here, the engine controller CA is a controller that controls, for example, the amount of fuel injected into the combustion chamber based on the detection results of various sensor groups. The pump controller CB is a controller that controls the inclination angle of the swash plate of the hydraulic pump driven by the engine. Furthermore, the monitor controller CC is a controller that monitors the state of the construction machine with a sensor attached to each part of the construction machine and displays the information on a monitor.

  The battery box 1 includes a cut-off switch SW2 provided between the negative side of the battery 2 and the ground, and an LED 3 disposed adjacent to the cut-off switch SW2 and capable of directly supplying power from the battery 2. The battery 2 is a battery in which a plurality of batteries are connected in series, and one end of the cutoff switch SW2 is connected to the minus end of the battery closest to the earth among the plurality of batteries, and the other end is connected to the ground. The The LED 3 has one end connected to the positive end of the battery 2 and the other end connected to the display switches TR1, TR2, TR3. In this embodiment, the other end of the LED 3 is connected to each collector end of the display switches TR1, TR2, TR3.

  The positive side of the battery 2, that is, the positive end of the battery connected to the most positive side of the plurality of batteries is connected to the power supply line L1, and the engine controller CA, the pump controller CB, and the monitor are connected to the power supply line L1. Connected to one end of each internal power switch SW11, SW12, SW13 of the controller CC. Further, each of the self-holding circuits 11, 21, 31 of the engine controller CA, the pump controller CB, and the monitor controller CC is connected via a branch line L11 branched from the branch point P1 on the power supply line L1. That is, each self-holding circuit 11, 21, 31 is directly supplied with power from the battery 2. Further, a key switch SW1 having one end connected to the branch point P2 on the power supply line L1 is provided. A branch line L2 is connected to the other end of the key switch SW1, and the key switch SW2 is connected to the controllers C1, C2, and C3 of the engine controller CA, the pump controller CB, and the monitor controller CC via the branch line L2, respectively. The That is, one end of the key switch SW1 is connected to the power supply line L1, and the other end is commonly connected to the controllers C1, C2, and C3 of the engine controller CA, the pump controller CB, and the monitor controller CC.

  The engine controller CA, the pump controller CB, and the monitor controller CC include self-holding circuits 11, 21, 31, internal power supply circuits 12, 22, 32 such as a DC / DC converter, and control units C1, Display switches TR1, TR2 realized by discrete components such as ROMs 13, 23, 33, RAMs 14, 24, 34, EEPROMs 15, 25, 35, FETs, transistors connected to the control units C1, C2, C3, respectively. , TR3.

  Self-holding circuits 11, 21, 31 have internal power switches SW11, SW12, SW13 and OR circuits OR1, OR2, OR3, respectively. The internal power switches SW11, SW12, SW13 are provided between the positive side of the battery 2 via the power supply line L1 and the internal power supply circuits 12, 22, 32, respectively, and are realized by, for example, transistors or FETs. When the internal power switches SW11, SW12, SW13 are turned on, power is supplied to the internal power circuits 12, 22, 32, respectively, and the internal power circuits 12, 22, 32 convert the voltage of 24V to a desired voltage, respectively. Power is supplied to each part in the engine controller CA, the pump controller CB, and the monitor controller CC. Note that the self-holding circuits 11, 21, 31 are realized by discrete components such as transistors.

  The on / off signal S1 of the key switch SW1 is input to the OR circuits OR1, OR2, and OR3, and is also input to the control units C1, C2, and C3, respectively. When the key switch SW1 is turned on and the on / off signal S1 turned on is input to the OR circuits OR1, OR2, OR3, the internal power switches SW11, SW12, SW13 are turned on from off, and the battery 2 and the internal power circuit 12, 22 and 32 are connected, and power is supplied to the control units C1, C2, C3 and the like of each controller. The programs and data stored in the ROM 13 and the EEPROM 15 are read by activation of the control units C1, C2, and C3, and control of each controller is started.

  Here, when the on / off signal S1 is turned from on to off, the control units C1, C2, and C3 perform processing of transferring various data currently stored in the RAMs 14, 24, and 34 to the EEPROMs 15, 25, and 35, respectively. . Since the controllers C1, C2, and C3 operate at least during the transfer process, the controllers C1, C2, and C3 output operating signals S11, S12, and S13 that output ON signals as long as the controllers are operating. The signals are input to the OR circuits OR1, OR2, and OR3, respectively. As a result, power supply for the transfer processing described above is ensured at the end of the operation of each controller. The various types of data relate to vehicle body information such as the ratio of travel with respect to the operation time of the vehicle body, the load frequency of the hydraulic pump, and the failure history of the construction machine.

  That is, each of the OR circuits OR1, OR2, and OR3 is turned on when one of the on / off signal S1 from the key switch SW1 and the operating signals S11, S12, and S13 from the control units C1, C2, and C3 is on. On / off signals S21, S22, and S23 that have been subjected to a logical OR operation to be turned on are output to the internal power switches SW11, SW12, and SW13, respectively. As a result, even when the key switch SW1 is turned off, the internal power switches SW1, SW2, and SW3 are not turned off within a predetermined period required for various data transfer processing, and are turned off after the transfer processing.

  In addition, the control units C1, C2, and C3 output operating signals S31, S32, and S33 including the transfer processing of each controller described above to the display switches TR1, TR2, and TR3, respectively. The in-operation signals S31, S32, and S33 output an on signal as long as each controller is operating. One end of each display switch TR1, TR2, TR3 is grounded, and the other end is commonly connected to the cathode side of the LED3. Therefore, when at least one of the display switches TR1, TR2, and TR3 is turned on, a current flows from the battery 2 to the LED 3, and the LED 3 is turned on. The lighting of the LED 3 indicates that the controller is operating, in other words, the battery 2 is in use.

  As described above, the self-holding circuits 11, 21, and 31 are directly supplied with power from the battery 2 and are realized by discrete components such as transistors in each controller. This is because when the controller is restarted, the internal power switches SW11, SW12, and SW13 are turned on only by turning on the key switch SW1, and power is supplied. Each display switch TR1, TR2, TR3 is also directly supplied with power from the battery 2.

  Here, the self-holding function of each controller and the lighting state of the LED 3 will be described with reference to the timing chart shown in FIG. Here, the operation of the engine controller CA will be described as an example. In FIG. 2, the operation from the state in which power is supplied to the engine controller CA and the engine controller CA is operating will be described first.

  First, when the key switch SW1 is switched from on to off at time t1, the in-operation signal S11 for self-holding maintains the on state. Thereafter, at time t2, the in-operation signal S11 is turned off. The on / off state of the operating signal S11 is determined and output by the control unit C1, and the time point when necessary transfer processing ends is t2. Until this time t2, the on-operation signal S11 is input to the OR circuit OR1, so even if the on / off signal S1 of the key switch SW1 is off, the OR circuit OR1 remains on / off. The signal S21 is output to the internal power switch SW11, and the internal power switch SW11 maintains the on state. However, after the time t2, the operating signal S11 and the on / off signal S1 of the key switch SW2 are both off. The OR circuit OR1 outputs an off state, the internal power switch SW11 is turned off, and the power supply to the engine controller CA is cut off.

  On the other hand, the operating signal S31 realized by a busy signal or the like input from the control unit C1 to the display switch TR1 is switched from the on state to the off state at time t2, the display switch TR1 is changed from the on state to the off state, and the LED 3 is turned on. Switch from the lit state to the unlit state. The LED 3 is disposed in the vicinity of the cutoff switch SW2, and the person who operates the cutoff switch SW2 can confirm that the controller is operating when the LED 3 is lit, and the LED 3 is turned off. After the time point, the cutoff switch SW2 can be turned off. That is, since the person who operates the cutoff switch SW2 can check whether the LED 3 is turned on or off, the person who operates the cutoff switch SW2 forcibly turns off the cutoff switch SW2 during the operation of the controller. This can be prevented.

  After that, when the cutoff switch t4 is turned on at time t4, and when the key switch SW1 is turned on and restarted at time t5, the OR circuit OR1 receives the on / off signal S1 of the key switch SW1. The ON / OFF signal S21 in the ON state is output to the internal power switch SW11. The internal power switch SW11 is turned on at this time point t5 and is supplied with power from the battery 2. With this power supply, the control unit C1 outputs operating signals S11 and S31. The display switch TR1 changes from the OFF state to the ON state according to the ON state of the operating signal S31, and the LED 3 switches from the OFF state to the ON state.

  Here, on the site where construction machines are operated, noise and the like are large, but in this embodiment, since the operation state of the controller is visually displayed using the LED 3 arranged in the vicinity of the cutoff switch SW2, Even if the operation state of the controller is not confirmed by going to the driver's seat, it can be immediately confirmed in the vicinity of the cutoff switch SW2. Note that the display output is not limited to the LED 3, and may be realized by, for example, a lamp.

  As shown in FIG. 3, when a plurality of batteries 2a and 2b corresponding to a battery 2 in which a plurality of batteries are connected in series are connected in parallel, one end of one cutoff switch SW2 is connected to each of the batteries 2a and 2b. It is preferable to connect the negative switch in common and connect the other end of the cutoff switch SW2 to the ground because a simple circuit configuration is obtained. Here, the cutoff switch SW2 is provided on the negative side of the batteries 2, 2a, 2b. If the cutoff switch SW2 is provided on the positive side of the batteries 2, 2a, 2b, even if the cutoff switch SW2 is turned off, This is because the isolation switch SW2 and the positive side of the batteries 2, 2a, 2b are not insulated, and short circuit occurs due to contact with the wiring therebetween.

  Here, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are perspective views showing an external configuration of a construction machine on which the battery interrupting device shown in FIG. 1 is mounted. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the construction machine 200 is a hydraulic excavator, and a revolving body 202 is mounted on an upper portion of a traveling unit 201 that travels the entire hydraulic excavator. The arm 204 and the bucket 205 are sequentially attached, and the revolving body 202, the boom 203, the arm 204, and the bucket 205 are driven to perform excavation work and the like. An engine 210 and a hydraulic pump 211 are stored in the rear part of the swing body 202.

  A driver's seat 220 is provided on the left side of the front part of the revolving structure 202, and the battery box 1 is provided on the right side of the front part with the boom 203 in between. As shown in FIG. 6, the battery box 1 is provided with a lid 1a as an exterior member, and is locked by a lock SW4. This locking can prevent a third party from touching the inside of the battery box 1. Further, the inside of the battery box 1 is covered with a lid 1a which is an exterior member so that it cannot be seen from the outside. That is, the cutoff switch SW2, LED 3, and battery 2 cannot be seen from the outside. For this reason, it is possible to further prevent a third party from touching the inside of the battery box 1.

  The battery box 1 may be any space that is covered with an exterior member and is preferably lockable. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, as shown in FIG. One or more spaces (rooms) covered with 101b and 102a may be used. Specifically, three rooms are provided for each door 101a, 101b, and 102a. The rooms are covered with doors 101a, 101b, and 102a, respectively, and can be locked.

  Further, the key cylinder KS and the LED 3 of the cutoff switch SW2 in the battery box 1 will be described. A decal 300 is attached to the front surface of the key cylinder KS of the cutoff switch SW2. On the surface of the decal 300, there is a “o” mark m1 indicating the off state position of the cutoff switch SW2 and a “|” mark m2 indicating the on state position. Further, on the surface of the decal 300, a mark m3 indicating that the key cylinder KS of the cutoff switch SW2 is a key cylinder KS of a battery cutoff switch and a mark m4 indicating a maintenance switch are displayed. ing. The LED 3 is provided at a position adjacent to the same surface as the surface on which the decal 300 is attached. In this way, by arranging the LED 3 adjacent to the position of the key cylinder KS of the cutoff switch SW2, it is not necessary to go to the driver's seat 220 to check the operation state of the controller. Note that a display indicating that the switch must not be turned off during lighting is displayed below the LED 3.

  Here, the key K2 of the cutoff switch SW2, like the key K1 of the key switch SW1, cannot be removed while staying on the key cylinder KS in the on state, but can be removed from the key cylinder KS in the off state. ing. It should be noted that the key cylinder KS of the cutoff switch SW2 may be such that the key can be removed in both the on state and the off state, or the key cannot be removed in both the on state and the off state. Furthermore, the cut-off switch SW2 is not limited to a switch using a key cylinder, and an on / off switch such as a toggle switch may be used. The key cylinders used for the keys K1 and K2 are preferably the same.

  In the embodiment described above, the signal is turned on when the in-operation signal S11 is in a transfer processing state such as data transfer. However, the present invention is not limited to this. You may make it do. For example, if the construction machine is equipped with a communication device that performs wireless communication with the outside such as a base station, an operation signal indicating that the controller is operating when the communication device performs wireless communication with the outside such as a base station. S11 may be output in an ON state.

  In the above-described embodiment, the battery shut-off device applied to a plurality of controllers, that is, the engine controller CA, the pump controller CB, and the monitor controller CC has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the battery shut-off device applied to one controller. It may also be a battery shut-off device applied to another controller such as a transmission controller or a work machine controller that controls the operation of the work machine.

1 Battery box 1a Lid 2, 2a, 2b Battery 3 LED
11, 21, 31 Self-holding circuit 12, 22, 32 Internal power supply circuit 13, 23, 33 ROM
14, 24, 34 RAM
15, 25, 35 EEPROM
200 construction machine 300 decal CA engine controller CB pump controller CC monitor controller C1 to C3 control unit SW1 key switch SW2 cutoff switch SW11, SW12, SW13 internal power switch SWS starter switch ST starter OR1 to OR3 OR circuit TR1 to TR3 display switch K1, K2 key KS key cylinder L1 power supply line L11 branch line P1, P2 branch point S1, S21, S22, S23 ON / OFF signal S11, S31 Operation signal m1-m4 mark

Claims (9)

A battery housed in a battery box;
A cutoff switch for switching the connection of the battery connected to one polarity electrode side of the battery;
A display unit having one end connected to the battery;
A controller for controlling a predetermined function of a vehicle on which the battery is mounted;
A control unit that internally generates an operating signal to be turned on when the controller is operating;
A key switch that is connected to the other polarity electrode side of the battery and switches activation of the controller;
Have
The controller is
An internal power switch connected to the other polarity electrode side of the battery for turning on and off the power supply from the battery to the controller;
A self-holding circuit having a logical sum circuit that turns on the internal power switch when a logical sum of on / off of the operating signal from the control unit and on / off of the key switch is on;
A display switch for displaying the display unit in response to the operation signal from the control unit being on;
A battery shut-off device for construction machinery, comprising:   The construction device battery cutoff device according to claim 1, wherein the display unit is disposed in the vicinity of the cutoff switch.   The construction device battery cutoff device according to claim 2, wherein the display unit and the cutoff switch are provided on the same surface. The battery box is covered with an exterior member of the construction machine,
The battery interrupting device for a construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a part of the exterior member can be opened and closed and has a lock mechanism.   The battery cutoff device for a construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cutoff switch is connected to a negative side of the battery.   6. The construction machine battery interrupting device according to claim 1, wherein the self-holding circuit and the display switch are directly supplied with power from the battery.   7. The construction machine battery interrupting device according to claim 1, wherein the self-holding circuit is configured by a discrete component in the controller.   8. The construction according to claim 1, wherein the operating signal is output during transfer processing of various data from a readable / writable memory of the controller to a nonvolatile memory. Machine battery shut-off device.   9. The construction machine battery shut-off device according to claim 1, wherein the shut-off switch shuts off power supply to the controller.

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