JP5692129B2 - Degradation diagnosis method for universal joints - Google Patents
Degradation diagnosis method for universal joints Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5692129B2 JP5692129B2 JP2012058998A JP2012058998A JP5692129B2 JP 5692129 B2 JP5692129 B2 JP 5692129B2 JP 2012058998 A JP2012058998 A JP 2012058998A JP 2012058998 A JP2012058998 A JP 2012058998A JP 5692129 B2 JP5692129 B2 JP 5692129B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- universal joint
- spring
- vibration
- deterioration
- equation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
Description
本発明は、自在継ぎ手の劣化診断方法に関するものであり、特にロールの駆動軸側等に配置された自在継ぎ手に適した劣化診断方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing deterioration of a universal joint, and more particularly to a method for diagnosing deterioration suitable for a universal joint disposed on the drive shaft side of a roll.
搬送ロール、圧延ロールは、通常、離れた位置に設置された駆動モータのモータ軸と自在継ぎ手により連結され、駆動されている。図５は熱延用のテーブルロールにおけるロールの駆動系を模式的に示すものであり、１１は駆動モータ、１２は自在継ぎ手、１３はロールである。 The transport roll and the rolling roll are normally connected and driven by a motor shaft of a drive motor installed at a distant position and a universal joint. FIG. 5 schematically shows a roll drive system in a hot roll table roll, 11 is a drive motor, 12 is a universal joint, and 13 is a roll.
自在継ぎ手は、ボールジョイント・ギアカップリング・タイヤカップリング・ユニバーサルジョイントなど様々な種類があるが、例えばユニバーサルジョイントではケーシングの内部にコロやボール等から構成される摺動部やばね部を備えており、これらの摺動部やばね部が劣化すると回転不良を生じてトラブルの要因となるため、自在継ぎ手の劣化状態を定期的に診断することが望ましい。例えば、自在継ぎ手の劣化診断方法として、熟練した作業員が回転中の自在継ぎ手の音を聴き、異常の有無によって劣化状態を判断する聴音法が考えられるが、この方法は作業員による個人差が大きいため、劣化を見逃す危険性がある。このように、これまで自在継ぎ手の劣化状態を診断する技術は確立されておらず、自在継ぎ手の劣化に起因したトラブルを未然に回避することができないという問題があった。 There are various types of universal joints, such as ball joints, gear couplings, tire couplings, and universal joints. For example, universal joints have sliding parts and spring parts composed of rollers and balls inside the casing. When these sliding parts and spring parts deteriorate, rotation failure occurs and causes troubles. Therefore, it is desirable to periodically diagnose the deterioration state of the universal joint. For example, as a method for diagnosing deterioration of universal joints, there is a listening method in which a skilled worker listens to the sound of a rotating universal joint and determines the deterioration state based on whether there is an abnormality. Because it is large, there is a risk of overlooking deterioration. As described above, a technique for diagnosing the deterioration state of the universal joint has not been established so far, and there has been a problem that a trouble caused by the deterioration of the universal joint cannot be avoided in advance.
本発明の目的は、上記した従来の問題点を解決し、自在継ぎ手の劣化の程度を定量的に推定することができる技術を提供することである。 An object of the present invention is to provide a technique capable of solving the above-described conventional problems and quantitatively estimating the degree of deterioration of a universal joint.
上記の課題を解決するためになされた本発明の自在継ぎ手の劣化診断方法は、自在継ぎ手を、駆動軸〜バネ〜転動体〜バネ〜中間要素〜バネ〜転動体〜バネ〜従動軸からなる連成振動系として、自在継手の回転方向における平面運動のみを考慮したモデル化を行い、このモデルに基づいて、転動体の運動方程式と、駆動軸および従動軸の運動方程式と、中間要素の運動方程式の運動方程式をそれぞれ導出して、その回転方向の固有振動数を求めておき、回転中の自在継ぎ手が発生する振動/または音響を周波数解析にて、前記固有振動成分のピーク値の大小によって劣化状態を判断することを特徴とするものである。 The deterioration diagnosis method of the universal joint of the present invention made to solve the above-described problem is that a universal joint is connected to a drive shaft, a spring, a rolling element, a spring, an intermediate element, a spring, a rolling element, a spring, and a driven shaft. As a vibration system , we modeled only the plane motion in the rotation direction of the universal joint, and based on this model, the motion equation of the rolling element, the motion equation of the drive shaft and the driven shaft, and the motion equation of the intermediate element Each of the equations of motion is derived to determine the natural frequency in the direction of rotation, and the vibration / or sound generated by the rotating universal joint is degraded by the magnitude of the peak value of the natural vibration component by frequency analysis. The condition is judged.
請求項２記載の発明は、請求項１記載の自在継ぎ手の劣化診断方法において、連成振動系のバネは非線形ばねであり、駆動軸・従動軸・中間要素は剛体、転動体は質点であることを特徴とするものである。 The invention according to claim 2 is the deterioration diagnosis method of the universal joint according to claim 1, wherein the spring of the coupled vibration system is a non-linear spring, the drive shaft / driven shaft / intermediate element is a rigid body, and the rolling element is a mass point. It is characterized by this.
請求項３記載の発明は、請求項１または２記載の自在継ぎ手の劣化診断方法において、回転継手が低速回転軸受けであり、低速回転中の振動および/または音響を検出することを特徴とするものである。 The invention according to claim 3 is the deterioration diagnosis method of the universal joint according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotary joint is a low-speed rotation bearing and detects vibration and / or sound during low-speed rotation. It is.
請求項４記載の発明は、請求項３記載の自在継ぎ手の劣化診断方法において、回転中の音響をマイクロフォンにより検出することを特徴とするものである。 According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the deterioration diagnosis method for a universal joint according to the third aspect, the sound during rotation is detected by a microphone.
請求項５記載の発明は、請求項３記載の自在継ぎ手の劣化診断方法において、回転中の振動を加速度計または振動計により検出することを特徴とするものである。 According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the deterioration diagnosis method for a universal joint according to the third aspect, vibration during rotation is detected by an accelerometer or a vibrometer.
本発明の自在継ぎ手の劣化診断方法では、自在継ぎ手を、駆動軸〜バネ〜転動体〜バネ〜中間要素〜バネ〜転動体〜バネ〜従動軸からなる連成振動系として、自在継手の回転方向における平面運動のみを考慮したモデル化を行い、このモデルに基づいて、転動体の運動方程式と、駆動軸および従動軸の運動方程式と、中間要素の運動方程式の運動方程式をそれぞれ導出して、その回転方向の固有振動数を求めておき、回転中の自在継ぎ手が発生する振動/または音響を周波数解析にて、前記固有振動成分のピーク値の大小によって劣化状態を判断することにより、自在継ぎ手の劣化の程度を定量的に推定して、継ぎ手の劣化に起因した圧延トラブルを未然に回避することができる。 In the method for diagnosing deterioration of a universal joint according to the present invention, the universal joint is rotated as a coupled vibration system including a drive shaft, a spring, a rolling element, a spring, an intermediate element, a spring, a rolling element, a spring, and a driven shaft. Based on this model, the motion equation of the rolling element, the motion equation of the drive shaft and the driven shaft, and the motion equation of the motion equation of the intermediate element are derived, respectively. By obtaining the natural frequency in the rotational direction and determining the deterioration state by the magnitude of the peak value of the natural vibration component in the frequency analysis of the vibration / or sound generated by the rotating universal joint during rotation, The degree of deterioration can be estimated quantitatively, and rolling troubles due to joint deterioration can be avoided in advance.
以下に本発明の好ましい実施形態を詳細に説明する。以下の各数式における記号の意味は下記表１に示すものとする。
本発明の診断対象となる自在継ぎ手は、駆動軸１と中間要素２と従動軸３との間に多数の転動体４を配置したものである。 The universal joint to be diagnosed according to the present invention has a large number of rolling elements 4 arranged between the drive shaft 1, the intermediate element 2 and the driven shaft 3.
本発明では先ず、診断対象となる自在継ぎ手を、図１に示すように、駆動軸〜バネ〜転動体〜バネ〜中間要素〜バネ〜転動体〜バネ〜従動軸からなる連成振動系としてモデル化し、転動体の運動方程式、軸の運動方程式、中間要素の運動方程式をそれぞれ導出したうえで、前記連成振動系としてモデル化された自在継ぎ手の固有振動周波数を求める。ここで、連成振動系のバネは、非線形ばねである。 In the present invention, first, a universal joint to be diagnosed is modeled as a coupled vibration system including a drive shaft, a spring, a rolling element, a spring, an intermediate element, a spring, a rolling element, a spring, and a driven shaft, as shown in FIG. Then, after deriving the equation of motion of the rolling element, the equation of motion of the shaft, and the equation of motion of the intermediate element, the natural vibration frequency of the universal joint modeled as the coupled vibration system is obtained. Here, the spring of the coupled vibration system is a non-linear spring.
振動運動と搖動運動を同時に行って３次元的な挙動を示す自在継手を正確に表す運動方程式は、非常に複雑なものとなり、数値的に実用的な時間で解くことが非常に困難である。これに対し本発明では、単純化させた平面運動（自在継手の回転方向における平面運動）のみを考えて自在継手の振動のモデル化を行うことにより、実用的な時間で数値計算をおこない固有振動数を求めることが可能としている。 The equation of motion that accurately expresses a universal joint that exhibits a three-dimensional behavior by simultaneously performing a vibration motion and a peristaltic motion becomes very complicated and is very difficult to solve numerically in a practical time. On the other hand, in the present invention, by considering only the simplified plane motion (plane motion in the rotation direction of the universal joint) and modeling the vibration of the universal joint, numerical calculation is performed in a practical time, and natural vibration is performed. The number can be obtained.
転動体の質点運動を考慮した運動方程式は、下記（数１）で導出される。数１では、各インデックス（i, j, k, l）で表される各転動体に対して、中間要素から遠ざかる方向を＋とする座標系を取っている。
駆動軸および従動軸の剛体運動を考慮した運動方程式は、下記（数２）で導出される。数２では、駆動軸を１、従動軸を２として表している。
中間要素の運動方程式は、下記（数３）で導出される。
上記（数１）〜（数３）において、各記号は下記（数４）で定義される。
上記の運動方程式を数値シミュレーションにより解き周波数解析を実施すると、上記の連成振動系は図２のような周波数特性を示し、診断対象となる自在継ぎ手５の固有振動周波数を求めることができる。自在継ぎ手５に劣化（摺動部やばね部における劣化等）が生じると、この固有振動周波数成分が検出される。 When the above equation of motion is solved by numerical simulation and frequency analysis is performed, the above-described coupled vibration system exhibits frequency characteristics as shown in FIG. 2, and the natural vibration frequency of the universal joint 5 to be diagnosed can be obtained. When the universal joint 5 deteriorates (deterioration in the sliding portion or the spring portion), this natural vibration frequency component is detected.
本発明では、図３に示すように、診断対象となる自在継ぎ手５が回転中に発生する音響をマイクロフォン７により検出し、周波数解析装置８によって周波数解析を行う。そして予め求めた固有振動周波数成分のピークにより、劣化状態を判断する。この本発明の方法によれば、自在継ぎ手５の劣化の有無を非常に精度よく検出することができる。 In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the sound generated while the universal joint 5 to be diagnosed rotates is detected by the microphone 7, and the frequency analysis is performed by the frequency analysis device 8. The deterioration state is determined based on the peak of the natural vibration frequency component obtained in advance. According to this method of the present invention, the presence or absence of deterioration of the universal joint 5 can be detected with very high accuracy.
上記のように自在継ぎ手５が回転中に発生する音響をマイクロフォン７により検出するほか、図４に示すように自在継ぎ手５が回転中に発生する振動を加速度計または振動計９により検出し、周波数解析装置８によって周波数解析を行う方法を取ることもできる。この実施形態では振動計９として地震計のような高感度振動計（高感度加速度計）を使用している。自在継ぎ手５が回転中に発生する振動のピーク周波数は、自在継ぎ手の連成振動系の固有振動数と一致するため、このピーク値の大小により、劣化状態を判断することができる。 As described above, the sound generated while the universal joint 5 is rotating is detected by the microphone 7, and the vibration generated when the universal joint 5 is rotated is detected by the accelerometer or the vibrometer 9 as shown in FIG. A method of performing frequency analysis by the analysis device 8 can also be used. In this embodiment, a high sensitivity vibration meter (high sensitivity accelerometer) such as a seismometer is used as the vibration meter 9. Since the peak frequency of vibration generated while the universal joint 5 is rotating coincides with the natural frequency of the coupled vibration system of the universal joint, the deterioration state can be determined based on the magnitude of the peak value.
表２には、自在継ぎ手について、ハンマリング試験による固有振動解析を行った結果と、上記運動方程式による数値計算結果との比較を示している。 Table 2 shows a comparison between the result of the natural vibration analysis by the hammering test and the numerical calculation result by the above equation of motion for the universal joint.
自在継ぎ手（実施例１と同じ）について、実際の設備に組み込んで周波数解析を行った結果と、上記運動方程式による数値計算結果との比較を表３に示している。
表３から、本発明の振動モデルは、自在継ぎ手の固有振動を表していることが検証できた。 From Table 3, it was verified that the vibration model of the present invention represents the natural vibration of the universal joint.
本発明の方法によって自在継ぎ手の固有振動数付近でのピークを傾向管理すれば、自在継ぎ手の劣化の有無を精度よく検出することができ、自在継ぎ手の劣化状態を正しく判断することができる。尚、実施例等は搬送ロールを想定して説明しているが、圧延ロールも搬送ロールと同様である。 If the tendency of the peak in the vicinity of the natural frequency of the universal joint is managed by the method of the present invention, it is possible to accurately detect the presence or absence of the universal joint, and to correctly determine the deterioration state of the universal joint. In addition, although an Example etc. are demonstrated supposing the conveyance roll, a rolling roll is the same as that of a conveyance roll.
尚、図１は代表的な事例としてユニバーサルジョイントにおける連成振動を模式化しているが、式１，２，３，４で表現しうる自在継ぎ手はこれに止まらない。例えば転動体をボルトとみなし、中間要素をゴムタイヤとみなせばタイヤカップリングを表すことができ、支持点数kを増やすことでボールジョイントやギヤカップリングを表すことができる。 In addition, although FIG. 1 has modeled the coupled vibration in a universal joint as a typical example, the universal joint which can be expressed by Formula 1, 2, 3, 4 does not stop at this. For example, if a rolling element is regarded as a bolt and an intermediate element is regarded as a rubber tire, a tire coupling can be represented, and a ball joint or a gear coupling can be represented by increasing the number k of supporting points.
１ 駆動軸
２ 中間要素
３ 従動軸
４ 転動体
５ 自在継ぎ手
６ バネ
７ マイクロフォン
８ 周波数解析装置
９ 振動計
１１ 駆動モータ
１２ スピンドル
１３ ロール
１４、１５ 自在継ぎ手
Reference Signs List 1 drive shaft 2 intermediate element 3 driven shaft 4 rolling element 5 universal joint 6 spring 7 microphone 8 frequency analyzer 9 vibration meter 11 drive motor 12 spindle 13 rolls 14 and 15 universal joint
Claims (5)
自在継手の回転方向における平面運動のみを考慮したモデル化を行い、
このモデルに基づいて、転動体の運動方程式と、駆動軸および従動軸の運動方程式と、中間要素の運動方程式の運動方程式をそれぞれ導出して、
その回転方向の固有振動数を求めておき、
回転中の自在継ぎ手が発生する振動/または音響を検出して周波数解析を行って前記固有振動成分のピーク値の大小によって劣化状態を判断することを特徴とする自在継ぎ手の劣化診断方法。 The universal joint as a coupled vibration system composed of a drive shaft, a spring, a rolling element, a spring, an intermediate element, a spring, a rolling element, a spring, and a driven shaft.
Modeling only the plane movement in the rotation direction of the universal joint,
Based on this model, the motion equation of the rolling element, the motion equation of the drive shaft and the driven shaft, and the motion equation of the motion equation of the intermediate element are derived respectively.
Find the natural frequency in the direction of rotation,
A deterioration diagnosis method for a universal joint characterized in that a vibration / or sound generated by a rotating universal joint is detected, a frequency analysis is performed, and a deterioration state is determined based on the magnitude of the peak value of the natural vibration component.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012058998A JP5692129B2 (en) | 2012-03-15 | 2012-03-15 | Degradation diagnosis method for universal joints |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012058998A JP5692129B2 (en) | 2012-03-15 | 2012-03-15 | Degradation diagnosis method for universal joints |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2013195062A JP2013195062A (en) | 2013-09-30 |
| JP5692129B2 true JP5692129B2 (en) | 2015-04-01 |
Family
ID=49394229
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012058998A Active JP5692129B2 (en) | 2012-03-15 | 2012-03-15 | Degradation diagnosis method for universal joints |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5692129B2 (en) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007218341A (en) * | 2006-02-16 | 2007-08-30 | Ntn Corp | Bearing device for driving wheel |
| JP2007218345A (en) * | 2006-02-16 | 2007-08-30 | Ntn Corp | Bearing device for driving wheel |
| JP4495119B2 (en) * | 2006-08-02 | 2010-06-30 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Degradation diagnosis method for rolling bearings |
| JP5466451B2 (en) * | 2009-07-31 | 2014-04-09 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | Numerical analysis device, numerical analysis method, program, and test method |
| JP5671834B2 (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2015-02-18 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Degradation diagnosis method for rolling bearings |
-
2012
- 2012-03-15 JP JP2012058998A patent/JP5692129B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2013195062A (en) | 2013-09-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP6196093B2 (en) | Vibration analysis method for bearing device, vibration analysis device for bearing device, and state monitoring device for rolling bearing | |
| CN101432611B (en) | State detection device, state detection method, state detection program, and information recording medium | |
| CN107843426B (en) | Monitoring method and monitoring device for bearing remaining life | |
| CN101010578B (en) | State detection device, state detection method, state display device and state display method | |
| WO2015015987A1 (en) | Bearing-device vibration analysis method, bearing-device vibration analysis device, and rolling-bearing status-monitoring device | |
| JP7060078B2 (en) | Abnormal type judgment device and abnormality type judgment method | |
| WO2016194029A1 (en) | Fault diagnosis device and fault diagnosis method | |
| JP7027782B2 (en) | Rolling bearing abnormality diagnostic device | |
| CN107704695A (en) | A kind of full-scale quantitative Diagnosis method of housing washer defect | |
| JP2017032520A (en) | Status monitoring device and status monitoring method | |
| CN107741324A (en) | A kind of housing washer fault section diagnosis method | |
| CN110174281A (en) | A kind of electromechanical equipment fault diagnosis method and system | |
| Rzeszucinski et al. | Bearing health diagnosed with a mobile phone: Acoustic signal measurements can be used to test for structural faults in motors | |
| CN115614265A (en) | Fault diagnosis device for hydraulic pump | |
| JP6192414B2 (en) | Rolling bearing condition monitoring device | |
| CN109211566A (en) | A kind of housing washer defect two dimension Quantitative Diagnosis method | |
| JP6032045B2 (en) | Fatigue evaluation method for spindle | |
| JP6192413B2 (en) | Vibration analysis method for bearing device, vibration analysis device for bearing device, and state monitoring device for rolling bearing | |
| JP5692129B2 (en) | Degradation diagnosis method for universal joints | |
| KR101745805B1 (en) | Apparatus and Method for machine condition monitoring | |
| CN115200864A (en) | Fault detection method and device for rail vehicle axle box bearing | |
| CN113165172B (en) | Method, device and server for diagnosing a robot | |
| JP2012168000A (en) | Deterioration diagnosis method of rolling bearing | |
| JP5671834B2 (en) | Degradation diagnosis method for rolling bearings | |
| JP2008038949A (en) | Degradation diagnosis method for rolling bearings |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20140212 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20140911 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20140930 |
|
| A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20141125 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20150106 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20150119 |
|
| R151 | Written notification of patent or utility model registration |
Ref document number: 5692129 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R151 |
|
| S533 | Written request for registration of change of name |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313533 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |