JP5709182B2 - Surface pattern forming mold and concrete formwork - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a surface pattern forming mold material and a concrete formwork that can construct a concrete that does not impair the scenery in harmony with the surrounding natural environment by creating a natural scenery.

  Conventionally, when building concrete on a slope or wall by placing concrete on a slope or a wall on a river or coastal revetment, or when building a road or building land, etc. In addition to placing a plate-shaped wooden concrete formwork with a predetermined gap, a support back formwork is also placed near the slope or wall, and this support back formwork and the concrete formwork are connected. The concrete formwork is supported by connecting with reinforcing bars, and then concrete is placed in the gap between the arranged concrete form and the supporting back formwork. Then, after the curing time of the concrete has passed and hardened, the concrete is constructed on the slope or wall by removing the concrete formwork.

  In the concrete to be constructed, air bubbles are generated on the surface and inside, and the air bubbles often appear as blown after being hardened. Therefore, vibration is applied to the placed concrete using a vibrator or the like. By removing the air bubbles remaining in the concrete, the surface of the concrete after curing was made almost free of flapping, and the concrete surface was finished to a smooth and smooth artificial surface.

  In recent years, when building concrete, it has been required to create a natural landscape in the concrete so as not to damage the landscape in harmony with the surrounding natural environment.

  However, in the conventional construction of concrete on a slope or wall, the surface of the concrete to be constructed is finished to a smooth and smooth artificial surface, so that the concrete surface creates a natural landscape. It was difficult to make the surface, and it was difficult to avoid harming the landscape in harmony with the surrounding natural environment.

  On the other hand, when trying to make the surface of the concrete to create a natural landscape by forming irregularities on the surface of the concrete to be constructed, it is conceivable that the concrete surface is subjected to sandblasting after the cast concrete has hardened. This is to form irregularities on the surface of the concrete by scraping the surface of the concrete by blowing abrasive such as sand onto the surface of the hardened concrete using compressed air. By forming irregularities on the surface of the concrete, a natural landscape was created on the surface. However, the sandblasting work itself is very labor intensive, and the sandblasting process is effective for concrete. Since it takes a considerable amount of time and effort to make the surface a natural landscape, favorable results cannot be obtained in terms of workability and economy. In addition, since the process of sandblasting work increases, the construction work of concrete on a slope or wall surface cannot be made short-term and inexpensive.

  Therefore, in view of these problems, the present invention creates a natural landscape by forming fine irregularities on at least a part of the surface of the concrete to be constructed, and harms the landscape in harmony with the surrounding natural environment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a surface pattern forming mold material and a concrete formwork which can construct a concrete having no crack in a short time and at a low cost.

A first invention is a surface pattern forming mold material that is interposed between a concrete formwork and cast concrete, and that forms fine irregularities on at least a part of the surface of the concrete to be constructed. were both freely average particle size elastic deformation will have a myriad of fine voids over its surface and the whole was made by crimping molding a rubber tip which was 1~20mm the that produced by morselized It is a mold for forming a surface pattern.

  The second invention is a mold for forming a surface pattern according to the first invention, wherein the surface and the innumerable fine voids throughout the entire surface are continuously connected to each other.

According to a third invention, in the first or second invention, a rubber chip is made by pulverizing rubber into a granular shape or a hijiki shape, and then a urethane-based, epoxy-based, or rubber-based binder is added to the rubber chip. It is a mold for forming a surface pattern produced by pressure-molding a rubber chip mixed with a predetermined weight ratio and mixed with this binder.

A fourth invention is a concrete mold frame to which the surface pattern forming mold material described in the first to third aspects is attached.

According to the present invention, the surface pattern forming mold material is used, and on the slope or wall surface, at least a part of the surface of the concrete to be constructed has fine irregularities formed by innumerable fine voids of the surface pattern forming mold material. By making it exist, the surface can be made into a surface that creates a natural landscape due to fine irregularities, and a concrete that does not harm the landscape in harmony with the surrounding natural environment is built In addition, a surface pattern forming mold is interposed between the concrete formwork and the concrete to be placed, and the surface pattern forming mold is formed on the surface of the concrete to be constructed. To make the workability very good by making it extremely easy and easy to remove after the specified curing time of concrete placed It can be.
In addition, this surface pattern forming mold material was prepared by mixing a rubber chip made by slicing rubber with a binder and then pressure-molding the rubber chip mixed with this binder. Can be produced inexpensively and easily, and further, since it can be used repeatedly, good results can be obtained in terms of economy.
From these facts, by creating a natural landscape on the surface, it is possible to construct concrete that is in harmony with the surrounding natural environment and does not damage the landscape in a short time and at a low cost.

  In addition, in the surface pattern forming mold material, the infinite number of fine voids on the entire surface and the entire surface are connected to each other, so that even if air bubbles remain in the cast concrete, the infinite number of fine voids remain. Air bubbles in the concrete can be absorbed and removed by the voids, and the concrete to be constructed can be in a good state at all times.

  Moreover, in the surface pattern forming mold material, the average particle size of the rubber chips to be pressure-molded is 1 to 20 mm, so that when the fine irregularities are formed on the surface of the concrete to be constructed, the fine irregularities cannot be formed or are large. By eliminating the fact that only irregularities can be formed, fine irregularities in an optimal state can always be formed on the surface of the concrete to be constructed.

It is a perspective view of the mold material for surface pattern formation of this invention. It is a partial expanded sectional view of the mold for surface pattern formation of this invention. It is a perspective view of the concrete formwork in this invention. It is a perspective view of the attachment state of the surface pattern forming mold material to the concrete mold in the present invention. (A) It is process drawing of the construction operation | work of the concrete in this invention. (B) It is process drawing of the construction operation | work of the concrete in this invention. (C) It is process drawing of the construction operation | work of the concrete in this invention. (D) It is process drawing of the construction operation | work of the concrete in this invention. (E) It is process drawing of the construction operation | work of the concrete in this invention. (F) It is process drawing of the construction operation | work of the concrete in this invention. It is a cutaway end view which expands and shows the state of the surface of the constructed concrete of this invention. It is a cutaway end view which expands and shows the state of the surface of the constructed concrete of this invention. It is a cutaway end view which expands and shows the state of the surface of the constructed concrete of this invention. (A) It is process drawing of the construction operation of another concrete in this invention. (B) It is process drawing of the construction operation of another concrete in this invention. (C) It is process drawing of the construction operation of another concrete in this invention. (A) It is process drawing of the construction operation of another concrete in this invention. (B) It is process drawing of the construction operation of another concrete in this invention. (C) It is process drawing of the construction operation of another concrete in this invention. (D) It is process drawing of the construction operation of another concrete in this invention. (E) It is process drawing of the construction operation of another concrete in this invention. (F) It is process drawing of the construction operation of another concrete in this invention.

  An embodiment of a surface pattern forming mold material and a concrete formwork according to the present invention will be described.

  The surface pattern forming mold material 1 is interposed between the concrete formwork 2 and the concrete 3 to be placed, and forms fine irregularities on at least a part of the surface of the concrete 3 to be constructed. In this mold for forming a surface pattern, an elastic deformation is produced by pressure-molding a rubber chip 5 made by fragmenting rubber so that the surface and the whole have innumerable fine voids. Make it free.

  Specifically, the rubber chip 5 is made by pulverizing the rubber into a granular shape or a hijiki shape. The rubber to be cut into pieces is a synthetic rubber. However, it is not limited to this synthetic rubber, and natural rubber may be used. As this rubber, a new rubber may be used. However, considering that it contributes to the environment, a waste tire or other used industrial rubber products may be used.

  The average particle size of the rubber chip 5 to be pressure-molded is 1 to 20 mm. If this average particle size is smaller than 1 mm, it becomes difficult to form fine irregularities on a part of the surface of the placed concrete 3, and if it is larger than 20 mm, it is difficult to form a part of the surface of the placed concrete 3. Only large irregularities can be formed instead of fine irregularities. From these things, the average particle size of the rubber chip 5 to be pressure-bonded is set to 1 to 20 mm. The average particle size means the average particle size of the entire rubber chip 5, and is a value obtained by, for example, a commonly used laser diffraction / scattering method.

  Then, a rubber chip 5 made by fragmenting rubber is mixed with a urethane, epoxy, rubber or other binder at a predetermined weight ratio, and the rubber chip 5 mixed with this binder is mixed with a predetermined pressure, By pressurizing and heating at temperature and time, in other words, by pressure forming, an elastically deformable surface pattern forming mold material 1 having innumerable fine voids on the surface and the whole is produced. As shown in FIG. 1, the produced surface pattern forming mold 1 has a predetermined shape, for example, a rectangular shape having a vertical dimension of about 2 m, a horizontal dimension of about 1 m, and a thickness of about 5 to 50 mm. Make a plate. Note that the shape of the surface pattern forming mold 1 is not limited to the above-described rectangle, but may be a square, a triangle, a polygon, or another complicated shape. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the surface pattern forming mold material 1 has innumerable fine voids on the entire surface and the entire surface. However, the fine voids have a constant size and diameter. In addition, the shape is not constant because it narrows or widens, and innumerable fine voids are connected to each other to establish a communication state so that air passes therethrough.

  Then, the surface pattern forming mold 1 is attached to the concrete mold 2. The surface pattern forming mold material 1 is attached to the concrete mold 2 in a detachable manner. Note that the attachment of the surface pattern forming mold 1 to the concrete mold 2 is not limited to releasable attachment, and the surface pattern forming mold 1 is not peeled off using an adhesive or a double-sided tape. You may make it attach to. Further, when the surface pattern forming mold material 1 is detachably attached to the concrete mold 2, the concrete mold 2 is made of steel and a magnet sheet is embedded on the surface of the surface pattern forming mold 1 or in the vicinity thereof. Thus, the surface pattern forming mold 1 in which the magnet sheet is embedded can be detachably attached to the concrete mold 2.

  The concrete formwork 2 is a wooden formwork, and as shown in FIG. 3, the vertical dimension of approximately the same size as the surface pattern forming mold 1 is about 2 m, and the horizontal dimension is The shape is a rectangular plate of about 1 m, and as shown in FIG. 4, the surface pattern forming mold 1 is attached over the entire surface. The concrete formwork 2 is not limited to a wooden formwork, but may be other formwork such as steel or plastic. Further, the shape of the concrete mold 2 is not limited to the above-mentioned rectangle, but may be a square, a triangle, a polygon, or another complicated shape.

  The surface pattern forming mold 1 is attached to the concrete mold 2 over the entire surface of the concrete mold 2, but is not limited to this. You may make it attach only to this part.

  Next, in the surface pattern forming mold material 1 and the concrete formwork 2 as described above, the concrete is applied to the wall surface that is actually used and formed along the slope of a river or a coastal revetment or road construction or residential land development. The work of constructing will be described.

  As the construction work of the concrete 3, first, a plurality of plate-like wooden concrete molds 2 are prepared, and the surface pattern forming mold 1 is attached to one surface of the concrete mold 2 so as to be peelable. Then, at the construction site, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the concrete form frame 2 to which the surface pattern forming mold material 1 is attached is arranged so that the surface to which the surface pattern forming mold material 1 is attached faces the slope or the wall surface. And a plurality of concrete molds 2 are arranged in the horizontal direction on the left and right sides. If necessary, a plurality of concrete molds 2 may be arranged in the vertical direction. Further, a supporting back mold 6 is also arranged near the slope or the wall surface, and the supporting back mold 6 and the concrete mold 2 to which the surface pattern forming mold 1 is attached are connected by a connecting reinforcing bar 7. Thus, the concrete mold 2 is supported. Thereby, the installation of the surface pattern forming mold 1 and the concrete mold 2 on the construction site is completed.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the concrete 3 is placed in the gap between the installed surface pattern forming mold 1 and concrete mold 2 and the supporting back mold 6, and FIG. As shown in (), the concrete 3 is placed up to the upper end. In addition, you may make it incorporate a reinforcing bar in the concrete 3 laid as needed.

  Then, after the curing time of the placed concrete 3 has elapsed and hardened, the surface pattern forming mold 1, the concrete mold 2 and the supporting back mold 6 are removed. This removes the supporting back mold 6 and the concrete mold 2. At this time, a part of the connecting reinforcing bar 7 that connects the concrete mold 2 and the supporting back mold 6 remains in the placed concrete 3. Then, as shown in FIG. 6 (d), the surface pattern forming mold 1 remains detached from the concrete formwork 2 and is attached to the concrete 3 placed. Further, a back-filling material 8 such as earth and sand is inserted into the gap between the slope or the wall surface and the placed concrete 3. Next, as shown in FIG. 6 (e), the surface pattern forming mold 1 is removed from the placed concrete 3 while being deformed and peeled off. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6 (f), the concrete 3 is constructed at the construction site, and at this time, the surface of the concrete 3 to be constructed is formed by countless fine voids of the surface pattern forming mold material 1. There will be fine irregularities.

  Further, in the demolding of the surface pattern forming mold 1 and the concrete mold 2, fine irregularities formed on the surface of the concrete 3 to be constructed by adjusting the demolding strength of the cast concrete 3. The shape of can be changed. As the adjustment of the demolding strength of the placed concrete 3, the demolding strength can be adjusted by changing the curing time, and addition of a curing retarder, a curing accelerator or the like to the cast concrete 3 The demolding strength can also be adjusted by mixing the agent. Further, the demolding strength may be adjusted by other means.

  Therefore, the case where the curing time is changed in order to adjust the demolding strength will be described. When the curing time is increased and the demolding strength is increased, the setting of the cast concrete 3 considerably progresses. If the surface pattern forming mold 1 and the concrete mold 2 are removed in this state, the surface of the concrete 3 to be constructed is innumerable with the surface pattern forming mold 1 as shown in FIG. Only fine irregularities formed by these fine voids exist.

  In addition, when the mold release strength is made normal by setting this curing time to a normal time that is neither long nor short, the setting of the cast concrete 3 progresses and its surface strength becomes normal. When the forming mold 1 and the concrete mold 2 are removed, as shown in FIG. 8, a part of the concrete 3 remains in innumerable fine voids in the surface pattern forming mold 1. As a result, the irregular cracked skin-shaped fine irregularities formed by the remaining of the slag occur. Thereby, on the surface of the concrete 3 to be constructed, the fine irregularities formed by the infinite number of fine voids of the surface pattern forming mold 1 and the infinite number of fine voids of the surface pattern forming mold 1 Uneven cracked skin-shaped fine irregularities formed by the remaining part are mixed.

  When the demolding strength is weakened by shortening the curing time, the surface of the cast concrete 3 is hardened but its surface strength is low. In this state, the surface pattern forming mold 1 and the concrete mold are used. When the frame 2 is demolded, as shown in FIG. 9, a large amount of the concrete 3 remains in an infinite number of fine voids of the surface pattern forming mold material 1, and a part of the concrete 3 remains. As a result, irregular irregular skin-like irregularities are formed. As a result, the surface of the concrete 3 to be built has fine irregularities formed by the infinite number of fine voids of the surface pattern forming mold 1 and the concrete in the countless fine voids of the surface pattern forming mold 1. Uneven cracked skin-like fine irregularities formed by a large amount of remaining portions are mixed.

  Even if this curing time is set to a short time, the time is not shortened until the setting of the placed concrete 3 does not reach the predetermined strength, but the hardening of the concrete 3 proceeds and reaches the predetermined strength. It is intended to shorten the long-term time and ensure sufficient curing time.

  As a result, the surface of the concrete 3 to be constructed has minute irregularities formed by innumerable fine voids of the surface pattern forming mold 1 or the surface pattern forming mold 1 has innumerable fineness. Fine irregularities formed by the voids and irregular irregular skin-shaped irregularities formed by the concrete 3 remaining in the innumerable minute voids of the surface pattern forming mold 1 are mixed. Thus, fine irregularities having different shapes can be formed on the surface of the concrete 3 constructed on the slope or wall surface. In addition, for the irregular cracked skin-like fine irregularities, the shape of the surface pattern forming mold material 1 is constantly changing because the residue of the concrete 3 in the innumerable fine voids is different each time, In any case, the same shape is not completed, and the surface of the concrete 3 to be constructed can always have a different shape.

  In addition, in the surface pattern forming mold material 1 which forms fine irregularities on the surface of the concrete 3 to be constructed, the concrete 3 remains in the innumerable fine voids. The concrete 3 can be easily removed from the voids by repeatedly bending the surface pattern forming mold 1 that can be elastically deformed and then returning it to the original or by hitting it. The mold 1 can be used over and over again.

  In addition, the construction work of the concrete 3 described above was a work on a slope or a wall where the construction site is slanted, but as shown in FIGS. 10 (a), (b) and (c), the construction site Even if the work is performed on a slope or a wall surface where the vertical axis is vertical, the concrete 3 having fine irregularities formed on the surface can be constructed as described above.

  Further, in the construction work of the concrete 3 described above, when the surface pattern forming mold 1 is detachably attached to the concrete mold 2 and removed, the surface pattern forming mold 1 is removed after removing the concrete mold 2. However, instead of this, when the surface pattern forming mold 1 is attached to the concrete mold 2 so as not to be peeled off using an adhesive or a double-sided tape, the surface pattern forming mold 1 is formed from the cast concrete 3. The mold material 1 and the concrete mold 2 are removed at the same time.

  In the concrete 3 to be constructed, the brightness of the surface is greatly lowered by the fine irregularities existing on the surface, or the fine irregularities mixed on the surface and the irregular irregularities of the irregular skin shape. The brightness can also be lowered. In addition, dust and fine dust easily adhere to fine irregularities or irregular irregularities such as irregular cracked skin. Even if this dust or fine dust adheres, the brightness of the surface decreases and the brightness also decreases. Lower. In this way, the surface of the concrete 3 to be constructed is not a smooth artificial surface with a specific characteristic of the concrete 3 but a natural landscape by reducing the brightness of the surface and reducing the brightness. Can be.

  Furthermore, in the fine unevenness existing on the surface of the concrete 3 to be constructed, or in the fine unevenness mixed in the surface and the fine unevenness of the irregular cracked skin shape, it becomes a It becomes easy to be affected by the temperature change and humidity change of the outside air due to dry and wet, and the surface of the concrete 3 is easily deteriorated. As a result, microorganisms, mosses, and the like are generated early here, and the brightness and brightness are lowered, and it usually takes ten or more years for the natural texture to appear on the surface of the concrete 3. However, a natural texture will come out in a few years. In addition, even if it says deterioration of the surface of the concrete 3, this is only the surface and the inside is not different from the conventional one.

  Moreover, about the surface of this concrete 3, although the surface pattern formation mold material 1 is made to form the fine unevenness | corrugation on the surface, or the fine unevenness | corrugation of a fine unevenness and an irregular crack skin shape, The surface pattern forming mold 1 has a structure in which infinite number of minute voids are continuous to communicate with each other so that air passes therethrough, so that even if air bubbles remain in the placed concrete 3, By absorbing the air bubbles with innumerable fine voids in the surface pattern forming mold material 1, the air bubbles in the concrete 3 can be removed, thereby preventing the surface of the concrete 3 to be constructed from flapping. it can.

  Next, another example of use of the surface pattern forming mold 1 will be described. As an example of this use, in the construction of a concrete wall 3 which is formed along a slope on a river or coastal revetment or road construction or residential land creation, the top pattern forming mold 1 is used at the top edge of the top surface. This is an operation to form fine irregularities.

  As the construction work of the concrete 3, a plurality of general concrete molds 2 are prepared, and at the construction site, as shown in FIG. It arrange | positions so that a gap | interval may be provided, and this concrete formwork 2 is arranged in multiple numbers toward the left-right horizontal direction. Further, a supporting back form 6 is also arranged near the slope or the wall surface, and the supporting back form 6 and the concrete form 2 are connected by a connecting reinforcing bar 7 to support the concrete form 2. Like to do.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 11 (b), the concrete 3 is placed in the gap between the installed concrete mold 2 and the supporting back mold 6. When the placement of the concrete 3 is completed, as shown in FIG. 11 (c), the top 3 is placed on the concrete 3 on which the surface pattern forming mold 1 is placed.

  Then, after the curing time of the placed concrete 3 has elapsed and hardened, first, the concrete mold 2 and the supporting back mold 6 are removed from the mold, and the concrete mold 2 and the supporting back mold 6 After demolding, as shown in FIG. 12 (d), a backfill material 8 such as earth and sand is inserted into the gap between the slope or wall surface and the placed concrete 3. Next, the surface pattern forming mold 1 placed on the placed concrete 3 is removed. As shown in FIG. 12 (e), as shown in FIG. 12 (f), as shown in FIG. 12 (f), as shown in FIG. In the construction of the surface or wall surface concrete 3, there are fine irregularities formed by innumerable fine voids of the surface pattern forming mold 1 at the top end portion which is the upper surface.

  Also by this, in the top end part which is the upper surface of the concrete 3 to be constructed, fine irregularities formed by innumerable fine voids of the surface pattern forming mold material 1 exist, or the surface pattern forming mold material Fine irregularities formed by an infinite number of fine voids, and irregular irregular skin-like irregularities formed by the presence of concrete 3 in the innumerable fine voids of the surface pattern forming mold 1 In this way, fine irregularities having different shapes can be formed on the top end portion of the top surface of the concrete 3 constructed on the slope or wall surface.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Mold for surface pattern formation, 2 ... Concrete formwork, 3 ... Concrete, 5 ... Rubber chip, 6 ... Back formwork for support, 7 ... Reinforcing bar, 8 ... Backfilling material

Claims (4)

A surface pattern forming mold material which is interposed between a concrete formwork 2 and a concrete 3 to be placed, and which forms fine irregularities on at least a part of the surface of the concrete 3 to be constructed. that it has a been that both freely average particle size of the elastic deformation will have a myriad of fine voids over its surface and the whole was made by crimping molding a rubber chip 5 was 1~20mm the made by reduction Characteristic mold for surface pattern formation.   2. The mold for forming a surface pattern according to claim 1, wherein the surface pattern and the innumerable fine voids on the entire surface are connected to each other to be continuous. The rubber chip 5 is made by pulverizing rubber into a granular shape or an elbow shape to make a rubber chip, and a urethane-based, epoxy-based, or rubber-based binder is mixed with the rubber chip 5 at a predetermined weight ratio, and the binder is mixed. The surface pattern forming mold material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rubber chip 5 is produced by pressure molding. A concrete formwork to which the surface pattern forming mold material according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is attached.

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