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JP5711503B2 - Method and apparatus for regenerating electroless nickel plating solution - Google Patents
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JP5711503B2 - Method and apparatus for regenerating electroless nickel plating solution - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for regenerating electroless nickel plating solution Download PDF

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JP5711503B2
JP5711503B2 JP2010249314A JP2010249314A JP5711503B2 JP 5711503 B2 JP5711503 B2 JP 5711503B2 JP 2010249314 A JP2010249314 A JP 2010249314A JP 2010249314 A JP2010249314 A JP 2010249314A JP 5711503 B2 JP5711503 B2 JP 5711503B2
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拓夫 川原
拓夫 川原
秀夫 野坂
秀夫 野坂
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Description

この発明は、ニッケルイオン(Ni2+)を含有する次亜リン酸水溶液を主成分とする無電解ニッケルめっきにおけるめっき老化液の再生方法及び装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for regenerating a plating aging solution in electroless nickel plating mainly composed of a hypophosphorous acid aqueous solution containing nickel ions (Ni2 +).

無電解ニッケルめっきにおいては、めっき原液としてニッケルイオン(Ni2+)を含有する次亜リン酸水溶液を主成分とする無電解ニッケルめっき液を使用することが一般的である。
無電解めっきにおいては、処理工程において還元剤の酸化分解により副生物が生成され、この副生物によってめっき液の寿命が制約されている。無電解ニッケルめっきでは、処理工程でNi2+が減少し、亜リン酸ナトリウム、硫酸ナトリウムなどの副生物が生成される。Ni2+は処理の過程において適宜補給するが、副生物が増加を続ける。そして、副生物が増加するとNi2+が適量含まれていてもめっき品質は低下する。そのために、数ターン毎に老化した原液(老化液)を交換しなければならない。なお、1ターンとはめっき1バッチをいい、めっき槽内のニッケルイオン、次亜リン酸などが消費され亜リン酸が副生され濃度が上昇する。
In electroless nickel plating, it is common to use an electroless nickel plating solution mainly composed of a hypophosphorous acid aqueous solution containing nickel ions (Ni2 +) as a plating stock solution.
In electroless plating, a by-product is generated by oxidative decomposition of the reducing agent in the treatment process, and the life of the plating solution is restricted by this by-product. In electroless nickel plating, Ni 2+ decreases in the treatment process, and by-products such as sodium phosphite and sodium sulfate are generated. Ni2 + is appropriately replenished during the treatment, but by-products continue to increase. And when a by-product increases, even if Ni2 + is contained in an appropriate amount, the plating quality is lowered. For this purpose, the aged stock solution (aging solution) must be replaced every few turns. One turn means one batch of plating. Nickel ions and hypophosphorous acid in the plating tank are consumed and phosphorous acid is by-produced to increase the concentration.

ところで、原液を交換しようとすると、老化液を廃棄しなければならないが、亜リン酸を含む老化液の廃棄は多くの規制があり困難である。
そこで、老化液から亜リン酸を除去する方法が提案されている。例えば、電気透析法による亜リン酸ナトリウム及び硫酸ナトリウムの脱塩や、水酸化カルシウム、炭酸カルシウムなどのカルシウム塩の添加による亜リン酸イオンの沈殿除去などである。
By the way, when replacing the stock solution, the aging solution must be discarded. However, the disposal of the aging solution containing phosphorous acid is difficult due to many regulations.
Therefore, a method for removing phosphorous acid from an aging solution has been proposed. For example, desalting of sodium phosphite and sodium sulfate by electrodialysis and precipitation removal of phosphite ions by addition of calcium salts such as calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate.

例えば特開2001−192849号には、炭酸カルシウム又は水酸化カルシウムをニッケルめっき液に添加し、次亜リン酸塩の酸化により無電解ニッケルめっき液中の亜リン酸塩を亜リン酸カルシウムとして酸化沈殿させてこれを分離し、これが除去されためっき液を再使用する技術が開示されている。
特開2001−192849
For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-192849, calcium carbonate or calcium hydroxide is added to a nickel plating solution, and phosphite in the electroless nickel plating solution is oxidized and precipitated as calcium phosphite by oxidation of hypophosphite. A technique is disclosed in which this is separated and the plating solution from which it has been removed is reused.
JP2001-192849

上記特許文献の発明を含む従来のカルシウム塩を用いた沈殿分離技術においては、老化液に直接カルシウム塩を添加している。そのために再生処理されためっき液中にCaが残留し、めっきに悪影響を及ぼす。また硫酸ニッケルを原料とするめっき液には適用できない。
また、従来の電気透析法は、電気透析槽に陽イオン交換膜と陰イオン交換膜とを交互に配設し、透析槽の両側には直流電極を配設した装置を用いて行っている。
しかしながら、直流電源を用いる方法においては、商用電源である交流を直流に変換する必要があり、また脱亜リン酸側の陰イオン交換膜近傍に境膜が生成されるので、負荷電流が低下する。
In the conventional precipitation separation technique using the calcium salt including the invention of the above patent document, the calcium salt is added directly to the aging solution. Therefore, Ca remains in the regenerated plating solution, which adversely affects the plating. Further, it cannot be applied to a plating solution using nickel sulfate as a raw material.
Further, the conventional electrodialysis method is performed using a device in which a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane are alternately arranged in an electrodialysis tank, and DC electrodes are arranged on both sides of the dialysis tank.
However, in the method using a DC power source, it is necessary to convert AC, which is a commercial power source, to DC, and a boundary film is generated in the vicinity of the anion exchange membrane on the dephosphorylate side, so that the load current decreases. .

この発明は、不純物が可及的に少ない再生めっき液を得ることにより、めっき特性を向上させると共に、ニッケル及びキレート等の有用成分のロスを防止し経済性を向上させること、及び直流電源を使用することによる上記問題点を解決し、簡易な設備で効率よく老化液中の亜リン酸イオンを効率よく回収することを課題とするものである。   This invention improves the plating characteristics by obtaining a regenerated plating solution with as few impurities as possible, prevents the loss of useful components such as nickel and chelates, and improves the economy, and uses a DC power source Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to solve the above problems and to efficiently recover phosphite ions in the aging solution with simple equipment.

この発明の無電解ニッケルめっき液の再生方法は、ニッケルイオン(Ni2+)を含有する次亜リン酸水溶液を主成分とする無電解ニッケルめっき液を原液とした無電解めっき工程で副生した亞リン酸イオンを含む老化液を、陰イオン交換膜のみで仕切られた電気透析槽の前記陰イオン交換膜で仕切られた1区画おきに供給する(以下老化液が供給される区画を「供給室」という。)と共に、前記電気透析槽に交流電流を印加する。
この操作により、亜リン酸イオンは前記陰イオン交換膜を透過して、前記老化液が供給しない区画(以下「濃縮室」という。)に移動して濃縮される。
この濃縮室において、前記陰イオン交換膜を透過した亜リン酸イオンを固定化することを特徴とするものである。
前記濃縮室における亜リン酸イオンの固定化は公知の手法により行うものであるが、Ca・Alなどの亜リン酸イオンと結合する化学物質を液中に溶解させる方法、イオン交換樹脂などのイオン交換物質を濃縮室に配設する方法、、イオン液体を濃縮室に添加する方法などが代表的である(請求項2)。要は亜リン酸イオンが他のイオンと結合して化学物質として固定化されることにより、前記陰イオン交換膜を透過できない状態となればよい。
The method for regenerating an electroless nickel plating solution according to the present invention is a method for producing phosphorus by-produced in an electroless plating process using an electroless nickel plating solution mainly containing a hypophosphorous acid aqueous solution containing nickel ions (Ni2 +) as a stock solution. An aging solution containing acid ions is supplied to every other compartment partitioned by the anion exchange membrane of the electrodialysis tank partitioned only by the anion exchange membrane (hereinafter, the compartment to which the aging fluid is supplied is referred to as a “supply chamber”. And an alternating current is applied to the electrodialysis tank.
By this operation, phosphite ions permeate the anion exchange membrane, move to a compartment (hereinafter referred to as “concentration chamber”) to which the aging solution is not supplied, and are concentrated.
In this concentrating chamber, phosphite ions that have permeated through the anion exchange membrane are immobilized.
Immobilization of phosphite ions in the concentrating chamber is carried out by a known method, but a method of dissolving a chemical substance that binds to phosphite ions such as Ca / Al in the liquid, ions such as ion exchange resins, etc. Representative examples include a method of disposing an exchange material in the concentration chamber and a method of adding an ionic liquid to the concentration chamber (claim 2). The point is that the phosphite ion binds with other ions and is immobilized as a chemical substance so that it cannot pass through the anion exchange membrane.

請求項3の発明は上記再生方法を実施するための装置であり、以下のように構成する。
ニッケルイオン(Ni2+)を含有する次亜リン酸水溶液を主成分とする無電解ニッケルめっき液を原液とした無電解めっき槽に、その老化液を処理する交流電流が印加される電気透析槽を接続する。
前記電気透析槽には陰イオン交換膜を所定間隔で配設し、前記陰イオン交換膜で仕切られた1区画おきに前記老化液の供給管を接続し、前記陰イオン交換膜で仕切られた1区画おきの老化液の供給管が接続されないに区画(濃縮室)に亞リン酸イオンを固定化する物質を配設するようにして構成する。
上記において、陰イオン交換膜に、一価イオンのみを選択的に透過させる1価イオン選択透過膜を用い、亜リン酸を分離した濃縮室のpHを6以上に保てば、H2PO3−(1価)がHPO32−(2価)に変換し、分離した亜リン酸の供給室への逆流を防ぐことができる。

The invention according to claim 3 is an apparatus for carrying out the reproducing method, and is configured as follows.
An electrodialysis tank to which an alternating current for treating the aging solution is applied is connected to an electroless plating bath that uses an electroless nickel plating solution mainly composed of a hypophosphorous acid aqueous solution containing nickel ions (Ni2 +) To do.
In the electrodialysis tank, an anion exchange membrane is disposed at a predetermined interval, and the aging solution supply pipe is connected every other section partitioned by the anion exchange membrane, and is partitioned by the anion exchange membrane. A substance for immobilizing phosphonate ions is arranged in the compartment (concentration chamber) without connecting the supply pipe for the aging solution every other compartment .
In the above, if a monovalent ion selective permeation membrane that selectively permeates only monovalent ions is used as the anion exchange membrane, and the pH of the concentration chamber from which phosphorous acid is separated is kept at 6 or more, H2PO3- (1 Valence) is converted into HPO32- (divalent), and the backflow of the separated phosphorous acid to the supply chamber can be prevented.

この発明において、老化液を供給室に供給すると、老化液に含まれる亜リン酸イオンは陰イオン交換膜を透過して濃縮室へ移動し、濃縮される。ところで、この発明では交流を使用するので、電気透析槽に印加される電流の正負が入れ替わり、供給室に供給された老化液中の亜リン酸イオンは図2中、左方へも右方へも移動できるが、左方、右方いずれかの濃縮室に移動することとなり、濃縮室には亜リン酸イオンが濃縮される。
濃縮室において、Ca・Alなどの化学物質を液中に溶解させる方法、イオン交換樹脂などのイオン交換物質を濃縮室に配設する方法、イオン液体を濃縮室に添加する方法などによって亜リン酸イオンを固定化する。亜リン酸イオンはイオンとして液中に存在するときには、交流電流を受けてイオン交換膜を透過して自由に電気透析槽中を左右に移動することができるが、固定化されることによりイオン交換膜を透過することはできなくなる。
したがって、濃縮室には亜リン酸イオンが固定化された物質が沈殿し、供給室には亜リン酸イオンが除去された再生液が得られる。上記過程によって硫酸イオンも同様に濃縮室で固定化されるので、硫酸イオンも除去できる。
In the present invention, when the aging solution is supplied to the supply chamber, the phosphite ions contained in the aging solution permeate the anion exchange membrane, move to the concentration chamber, and are concentrated. By the way, since alternating current is used in this invention, the positive / negative of the electric current applied to an electrodialysis tank is switched, and the phosphite ion in the aging solution supplied to the supply chamber is leftward or rightward in FIG. Can move to either the left or right concentration chamber, and phosphite ions are concentrated in the concentration chamber.
Phosphorous acid by a method of dissolving a chemical substance such as Ca / Al in the concentration chamber, a method of disposing an ion exchange material such as an ion exchange resin in the concentration chamber, a method of adding an ionic liquid to the concentration chamber, etc. Immobilize ions. When phosphite ions are present in the liquid as ions, they can receive AC current and permeate the ion exchange membrane and move freely left and right in the electrodialysis tank. It cannot pass through the membrane.
Therefore, a substance having phosphite ions immobilized is precipitated in the concentration chamber, and a regenerated solution from which phosphite ions have been removed is obtained in the supply chamber. Since sulfate ions are similarly immobilized in the concentration chamber by the above process, sulfate ions can also be removed.

この発明によれば以下の効果が得られる。
交流電源を使用しているので、50Hz又は60Hzの商用電源を用いることができ、装置が簡素化される。そして、交流であるからイオンの透析方向が常時入れ替わるので、直流電源を使用したときに問題となる境膜の生成を回避することができ、電流効率が高い。そして、ニッケル及びキレート等の有用成分は陰イオン交換膜を透過しないので供給室に止まり、廃液として排出されることがなく有効成分のロスが防止できる。
According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
Since an AC power supply is used, a commercial power supply of 50 Hz or 60 Hz can be used, and the apparatus is simplified. And since it is alternating current, since the dialysis direction of ions is constantly switched, the generation of a boundary film, which becomes a problem when a direct current power source is used, can be avoided, and current efficiency is high. And since useful components, such as nickel and a chelate, do not permeate | transmit an anion exchange membrane, they stop in a supply chamber, and it is not discharged | emitted as a waste liquid, but the loss of an active component can be prevented.

以下この発明の実施例を説明する。   Examples of the present invention will be described below.

図1において、符号1はめっき槽、2は電気透析装置、3は老化液の供給管。4は濃縮液の回収管である。
前記電気透析装置は、電気透析槽5に陰イオン交換膜6を等間隔で配置し、前記陰イオン交換膜で区画された区画一つおきに前記老化液の供給管3が接続された供給室7と、濃縮液の回収管が接続された濃縮室8とが形成してある。そして、電気透析槽5の両側に交流電極9,9が配置してある。
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a plating tank, 2 is an electrodialysis apparatus, and 3 is an aging solution supply pipe. Reference numeral 4 denotes a concentrated liquid collecting tube.
In the electrodialysis apparatus, an anion exchange membrane 6 is arranged in the electrodialysis tank 5 at equal intervals, and a supply chamber in which the aging solution supply pipe 3 is connected every other section partitioned by the anion exchange membrane. 7 and a concentrating chamber 8 to which a collecting pipe for the concentrated liquid is connected. And AC electrodes 9 and 9 are arranged on both sides of the electrodialysis tank 5.

上記のように構成された装置を用いて、供給管3から供給室7にめっき槽1から老化液を供給する。ここで交流電極9に交流を印加すると、老化液に含まれる亜リン酸イオンはイオン交換膜6を透過して濃縮室8へ移動する。
交流電源であるから、図2に示す供給室7aに供給された老化液に含まれる亜リン酸イオンの一部は左側の濃縮室8aに移動し、一部は右側の濃縮室8bに移動する。そして、濃縮室8において亜リン酸イオンは固定化されるのであるが(後述)、固定化されずに残る亜リン酸イオンはさらにイオン交換膜を透過して隣接する供給室7を経て、これに隣接する濃縮室8へ移動する。これを繰り返すことにより、供給室に供給された亜リン酸イオンのほとんどは固定化され、供給室7では亜リン酸イオンのほとんどが除去された再生液が生成される。
The aging solution is supplied from the plating tank 1 to the supply chamber 7 from the supply pipe 3 using the apparatus configured as described above. Here, when alternating current is applied to the alternating current electrode 9, phosphite ions contained in the aging solution permeate the ion exchange membrane 6 and move to the concentration chamber 8.
Since it is an AC power supply, a part of the phosphite ions contained in the aging solution supplied to the supply chamber 7a shown in FIG. 2 moves to the left concentration chamber 8a, and a part moves to the right concentration chamber 8b. . The phosphite ions are immobilized in the concentrating chamber 8 (described later), but the phosphite ions remaining without being immobilized further pass through the ion exchange membrane and pass through the adjacent supply chamber 7 to pass through this. Move to the concentration chamber 8 adjacent to. By repeating this, most of the phosphite ions supplied to the supply chamber are fixed, and in the supply chamber 7, a regenerated liquid from which most of the phosphite ions have been removed is generated.

前記濃縮室8における亜リン酸イオンの固定化は、Ca・Alなどの亜リン酸イオンと結合する化学物質を液中に溶解させる方法、イオン交換樹脂などのイオン交換物質を濃縮室に配設する方法、イオン液体を濃縮室に添加する方法などにより行う。   Immobilization of phosphite ions in the concentration chamber 8 is performed by dissolving a chemical substance that binds to phosphite ions such as Ca / Al in the liquid, and an ion exchange material such as an ion exchange resin is disposed in the concentration chamber Or a method of adding an ionic liquid to the concentration chamber.

3ターン後の無電解ニッケルめっきの原液中、ニッケル、次亜リン酸及び亜リン酸の量は1リットル(L)あたり以下のとおりであった。
Ni 6.5g
次亜リン酸 32g
亜リン酸 194g

処理後のニッケルめっき液中では1リットル(L)あたり以下のように改善された。
Ni 8g
次亜リン酸 10g
亜リン酸 60g

上記において硫酸イオンの量は測定していないが、硫酸イオンもイオン特性が亜リン酸と同じであるから、同様に減少しているものと推測できる。
The amount of nickel, hypophosphorous acid and phosphorous acid in the stock solution of electroless nickel plating after 3 turns was as follows per liter (L).
Ni 6.5g
Hypophosphorous acid 32g
194g of phosphorous acid

In the nickel plating solution after the treatment, it was improved as follows per liter (L).
Ni 8g
Hypophosphorous acid 10g
Phosphorous acid 60g

Although the amount of sulfate ion is not measured in the above, it can be presumed that the sulfate ion is also decreased because the ion characteristic is the same as phosphorous acid.

この発明によれば、無電解ニッケルめっきにおける老化液から副生物を除去できると共に、副生物が除去された全量を再生液として再利用することができるものであり、老化液の処理技術として、産業上きわめて有益なものである。 According to the present invention, by-products can be removed from the aging solution in electroless nickel plating, and the entire amount from which the by-products have been removed can be reused as a regenerating solution. It is extremely useful.

この発明の装置の説明図Explanatory drawing of the apparatus of this invention

1 めっき槽
2 電気透析装置
3 老化液供給管
4 濃縮液回収管
1 Plating tank 2 Electrodialyzer 3 Aging solution supply pipe 4 Concentrated liquid recovery pipe

Claims (3)

ニッケルイオン(Ni2+)を含有する次亜リン酸水溶液を主成分とする無電解ニッケルめっき液を原液とした無電解めっき工程で副生した亞リン酸イオンを含む老化液を、
陰イオン交換膜のみで仕切られた電気透析槽の前記陰イオン交換膜で仕切られた1区画おきに供給すると共に、
前記電気透析槽に交流電流を印加し、
前記陰イオン交換膜で仕切られた老化液が供給されない区画で、前記陰イオン交換膜を透過した亜リン酸イオンを固定化することを特徴とする、
無電解ニッケルめっき液の再生方法
An aging solution containing phosphoric acid ions by-produced in the electroless plating process using an electroless nickel plating solution mainly composed of a hypophosphorous acid aqueous solution containing nickel ions (Ni2 +) as a stock solution,
Supplying every other compartment partitioned by the anion exchange membrane of the electrodialysis tank partitioned only by the anion exchange membrane,
AC current is applied to the electrodialysis tank,
In the section where the aging solution partitioned by the anion exchange membrane is not supplied, the phosphite ion that has permeated the anion exchange membrane is immobilized,
Regeneration method of electroless nickel plating solution
分離された亞リン酸イオンの固定化は、Ca・Alなどの化学物質イオン交換樹脂・イオン液体などのイオン交換物質の少なくともいずれか一方でおこなう、請求項1記載の無電解ニッケルめっき液の再生方法 Immobilization of isolated亞phosphate ion is conducted in at least one of the ion exchange material, such as chemicals and ion-exchange resins, ionic liquids such as Ca-Al, the electroless nickel plating solution of claim 1, wherein Playback method ニッケルイオン(Ni2+)を含有する次亜リン酸水溶液を主成分とする無電解ニッケルめっき液を原液とした無電解めっき槽にその老化液を処理する交流電流が印加される電気透析槽が接続され、
前記電気透析槽には陰イオン交換膜が所定間隔で配設され、
前記陰イオン交換膜で仕切られた1区画おきに前記老化液の供給管が接続され、
前記陰イオン交換膜で仕切られた1区画おきの前記老化液の供給管が接続されないに区画に、亞リン酸イオンを固定化する物質を配設するようにした、
無電解ニッケルめっき液の再生装置
An electrodialysis bath to which an alternating current for treating the aging solution is applied is connected to an electroless plating bath made of an electroless nickel plating solution mainly composed of a hypophosphorous acid aqueous solution containing nickel ions (Ni2 +). ,
Anion exchange membranes are arranged at predetermined intervals in the electrodialysis tank,
A supply pipe for the aging solution is connected every other section partitioned by the anion exchange membrane ,
A substance for immobilizing phosphonate ions was arranged in the compartments without being connected to the supply pipe of the aging solution every other compartment partitioned by the anion exchange membrane.
Electroless nickel plating solution regeneration equipment
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