JP5742138B2 - Hot water heater - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hot water heating apparatus in which low temperature water is circulated and supplied to a low temperature heating terminal as a heat source for heating, while high temperature water is circulated and supplied to a high temperature heating terminal after heating the low temperature water. The present invention relates to a technique capable of realizing optimum and efficient heating output (amount of heat that can be supplied for heating) in accordance with the operation status at that time for a low-temperature heating terminal.

  Conventionally, as a hot water heater, when supplying hot water as a heat source for heating to a low-temperature heating terminal, it is branched on the downstream side (discharge side) of a circulation pump for supplying low-temperature water, and one of them is cooled via an on-off valve. The downstream position of the on-off valve is extended to the water supply circuit, the other is extended to the high-temperature water supply circuit via the heating device, and the high-temperature water heated by the heating device is branched from the middle of the high-temperature water supply circuit. It is known that it is configured to be supplied to a low-temperature heating terminal after being mixed with low-temperature water that has been led to a low-temperature water supply circuit and mixed with low-temperature water that has passed through the on-off valve (see, for example, Patent Document 1). And in this patent document 1, when there are a plurality of low-temperature heating terminals, the amount of hot water supplied to the low-temperature heating terminal in use of heating is variable by opening and closing the on-off valve according to the number of low-temperature heating terminals used for heating. It has been proposed to

Further, as a flow rate detection method of the hot water heater, both a first water inlet channel having a known hot water temperature T1 flowing inside and a flow rate Q1 thereof, a second water inlet channel having only a known hot water temperature T2 flowing inside, In a hot water heating apparatus having a hot water temperature T3 flowing in the interior after the inlet channel merges and a known outlet channel, it is proposed that the flow rate Q2 of the second inlet channel can be obtained by calculation based on the following equation. Yes.
Q2 = Q1 * (T1-T3) / (T3-T2)

JP 2004-191005 A Japanese Patent No. 4140746

  By the way, like the structure of the hot water heater proposed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, it is branched on the downstream side of the circulation pump for supplying the low temperature water, one is extended to the low temperature water supply circuit through the on-off valve, and the other is The high-temperature water supply circuit is extended to the high-temperature water supply circuit via the heating device, and the high-temperature water heated by the heating device is led to the low-temperature water supply circuit downstream of the on-off valve by a bypass circuit branched from the middle of the high-temperature water supply circuit. When mixed with low-temperature water that has passed through the on-off valve and then supplied to the low-temperature heating terminal, the number of low-temperature heating terminals installed or the number of heating uses of a plurality of low-temperature heating terminals installed Depending on the degree, the heating output is considered to exhibit the following characteristics in relation to whether the on-off valve is opened or closed.

  In other words, if the number of operating low-temperature heating terminals installed (the number of heating uses) is large, opening the on-off valve will increase the heating output due to the increase in the flow rate outside the machine (flowing hot water flowing outside the machine). On the other hand, if the number of operations is small, closing the on-off valve may reduce the flow rate outside the machine, but the mixing amount of high-temperature water heated by the heating device and joined from the bypass circuit increases. As a result, the heating output can be increased.

  In view of such characteristics, the present inventors can optimize the on-off control of the on-off valve according to the out-of-machine flow rate if the out-of-machine flow rate that changes in accordance with the operating conditions at that time can be grasped. Thus, it was considered that the maximum heating output that can be exhibited according to the operation status at that time is realized regardless of the operation status of the low-temperature heating terminal. That is, it does not correspond to the number of operations of the heating terminal and the flow rate outside the apparatus, and it is considered that the opening / closing control of the opening / closing valve only by grasping the number of operations of the heating terminal does not necessarily match the actual operation state. For this reason, it is considered that the on / off switching of the on / off valve based on the on / off control is inaccurate and the heating output cannot be optimized.

  However, in order to grasp the flow rate (external flow rate) flowing from the hot water heating device to various heating terminals installed outside, it is considered that a flow meter or the like needs to be installed. Since various liquids such as antifreeze liquid are filled as hot water for use, it is difficult to measure with a normal flow rate detection device (for example, an impeller flow rate sensor).

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the purpose of the present invention is to grasp and grasp the out-of-machine flow without using a device for directly measuring the flow rate such as a flow meter. An object of the present invention is to provide a hot water heater capable of exerting the maximum heating output by executing opening / closing control of an opening / closing valve installed in a low temperature water supply path based on the flow rate outside the apparatus.

To achieve the above object, in a first inventions (Claim 1), a circulation pump for circulating the heating medium, a heat medium heating means for heating the heating medium, a branch discharge side of the circulating pump A high-temperature heating medium circuit that extends from the point to one side and circulates and supplies the high-temperature heating medium to the high-temperature heating terminal outside the machine through the heating medium heating means, and a low-temperature heating medium that extends from the branch point to the other side via an on-off valve Is supplied to the low-temperature heating terminal outside the machine, and the high-temperature heating medium is supplied from the middle of the high-temperature heating medium circuit to the low-temperature heating medium circuit downstream of the on-off valve via the check valve. The following specific items were provided for a hot water heater equipped with a high temperature bypass circuit. That is, it includes an opening / closing control means for controlling opening / closing of the on-off valve in a low-temperature single operation state in which a heat medium is supplied only to the low-temperature heating terminal side, and the low-temperature control device installed outside the machine as the opening / closing control means An out-of-machine flow rate estimating means for estimating an out-of-machine flow rate that is a flow rate of a heat medium flowing to a low-temperature heating terminal that is a heating terminal at that time, and an out-of-machine flow rate estimated by the out-of-machine flow rate estimating means the on-off valve when the value is smaller than a preset determination value while controlling the closing, a configuration and a closing determination processing means for controlling the on-off valve is greater in the open.

In the case of the above specific matters, the on-off flow rate estimated by the off-flow rate estimating means and the setting determination of the on-off valve opening / closing control interposed in the low-temperature heat transfer medium circuit from the branch point on the discharge side of the circulation pump Since the comparison is made by comparing the value with the value, it is possible to optimize the opening / closing switching for obtaining the maximum heating output according to the operation state at that time by the opening / closing control based on the flow rate outside the machine. In addition, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of inconvenience such as an increase in cost due to the installation of a device such as a flow meter without using a means of direct measurement using a device such as a flow meter for the flow rate outside the apparatus.

In the first invention (invention 1), as the out-of-machine flow rate estimating means, the heat from the branch point to the branch flow rate flowing from the branch point to the open / close valve side with the on-off valve opened. Flow rate calculation processing means for acquiring a flow rate ratio of the branch flow rate flowing to the medium heating means side by calculation processing, and based on the flow rate ratio acquired by the flow ratio calculation processing means, the flow rate ratio and the external flow rate For the relationship, the flow rate outside the machine is calculated from a relationship table stored in advance. In the case of this specific matter, the external flow rate can be accurately obtained from the relation table based on the flow rate ratio acquired by the flow rate calculation processing means without using the means of direct measurement using a device such as a flow meter. It can be determined. And it is possible to perform the opening / closing control of the on-off valve more optimally based on the flow rate outside the machine that is accurately calculated, so that the maximum heating output corresponding to the operation state at that time can be realized with high accuracy. become. In addition, in the present invention (Claim 1), a high-temperature forward temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the high-temperature heat medium in the high-temperature heat medium circuit on the outlet side of the heat medium heating means, and a low temperature upstream of the branch point. A return temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the heating medium, and a low temperature forward temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the low temperature heating medium in the low temperature heating medium circuit after the high temperature heating medium from the high temperature bypass circuit is joined, As the flow rate calculation processing means, on the condition that the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the heating medium temperature detected by the return temperature sensor from the heating medium temperature detected by the high temperature going temperature sensor is larger than the set temperature difference. a value obtained by subtracting the temperature of the heating medium detected by the previous SL low temperature forward temperature sensor from the heating medium temperature detected by the hot forward temperature sensor, by the return temperature sensor from the heating medium temperature detected by said low forward temperature sensor Inspection And configured to obtain the flow rate by the arithmetic process as the ratio between the value obtained by subtracting the temperature of the heating medium to be. In the case of this specific matter, since the flow rate outside the machine in the current operation status is grasped based on the flow rate ratio obtained by the calculation process using the detected value of the temperature of the actually flowing heat medium, the on-off valve Therefore, it is possible to perform more accurate opening / closing control. At that time, the calculation is performed on the condition that the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the heat medium temperature detected by the return temperature sensor from the heat medium temperature detected by the high temperature going temperature sensor is larger than the set temperature difference. Therefore, it is possible to accurately calculate the flow rate outside the machine from the calculated flow rate ratio. As a result, the opening / closing control for obtaining the maximum heating output can be performed with higher accuracy.

Further, in the second inventions (Claim 2), a circulation pump for circulating the heating medium, a heat medium heating means for heating the heating medium, extends to one side from the branch point of the discharge side of the circulating pump A high-temperature heating medium circuit that circulates and supplies the high-temperature heating medium to the high-temperature heating terminal outside the apparatus through the heating medium heating means, and low-temperature heating outside the apparatus extending from the branch point to the other side via an on-off valve A low-temperature heat medium circuit that circulates and supplies the terminal, and a high-temperature bypass circuit that supplies the high-temperature heat medium from the middle of the high-temperature heat medium circuit to a low-temperature heat medium circuit located downstream of the on-off valve via a check valve. The following specific items were prepared for hot water heaters. That is, it includes an opening / closing control means for controlling the opening / closing of the opening / closing valve in a low-temperature single operation state in which a heating medium is supplied only to the low-temperature heating terminal side, and the opening / closing control means has the opening / closing valve opened. A flow rate ratio calculation processing means for acquiring a flow rate ratio of a branch flow rate flowing from the branch point to the heat medium heating means side with respect to a branch flow rate flowing from the branch point to the on-off valve side; while the value of the obtained flow ratio controls the on-off valve is smaller than a preset determination value in the closed, and further comprising a closing determination processing means for controlling said on-off valve to the open larger.

In the case of this specific matter, the same operation as in the case of claim 1 can be obtained by the control contents simpler than in the case of claim 1. That is, the open / close control of the open / close valve interposed in the low-temperature heat medium circuit from the branch point on the discharge side of the circulation pump is compared in magnitude with the flow rate ratio acquired by the flow rate calculation processing means and its set judgment value. Therefore, it is possible to optimize the opening / closing switching for obtaining the maximum heating output according to the operation state at that time by the opening / closing control based on the flow rate ratio. In addition, it is possible to grasp the flow rate outside the machine by the flow rate ratio without using the means of direct measurement using the flow meter or other device for the flow rate outside the machine. It is possible to avoid the occurrence of inconvenience such as an increase in cost.

Furthermore, in the second invention (invention 2), a high temperature forward temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the high temperature heating medium in the high temperature heating medium circuit on the outlet side of the heating medium heating means, and an upstream side of the branch point. A return temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the low-temperature heat medium, and a low-temperature forward temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the low-temperature heat medium in the low-temperature heat medium circuit after the high-temperature heat medium from the high-temperature bypass circuit is joined, As the flow rate calculation processing means, on the condition that the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the heat medium temperature detected by the return temperature sensor from the heat medium temperature detected by the high temperature going temperature sensor is larger than the set temperature difference. the return temperature sensor from the hot forward and a value obtained by subtracting the temperature of the heating medium detected by the previous SL low temperature forward temperature sensor from the heating medium temperature detected by the temperature sensor, the heating medium temperature detected by said low forward temperature sensor By And configured to be acquired by processing the flow rate as a ratio between a value obtained by subtracting the detected the temperature of the heating medium. In the case of this specific matter, since the flow rate outside the machine in the current operation status is grasped based on the flow rate ratio obtained by the calculation process using the detected value of the temperature of the actually flowing heat medium, the on-off valve Therefore, it is possible to perform more accurate opening / closing control. At that time, the calculation is performed on the condition that the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the heat medium temperature detected by the return temperature sensor from the heat medium temperature detected by the high temperature going temperature sensor is larger than the set temperature difference. Therefore, it is possible to accurately calculate the flow rate outside the machine from the calculated flow rate ratio. Thereby, the opening / closing control for obtaining the maximum heating output can be performed with higher accuracy.

As described above, according to the hot water heating apparatus of the first aspect, the on-off control of the on-off valve interposed in the low-temperature heating medium circuit from the branch point on the discharge side of the circulation pump is performed by the external flow rate estimating means. Since it is performed by comparing the estimated flow rate outside the machine and its setting judgment value, it is optimal to obtain the maximum heating output according to the operation status at that time by the open / close control based on the flow rate outside the machine Open / close switching can be performed. In addition, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of inconveniences such as an increase in cost due to installation of equipment such as a flow meter without using a means of direct measurement using equipment such as a flow meter for the flow rate outside the apparatus.

Also, a branch flow through the opening and closing valve side from the branch point, the flow rate of the branch flow flowing from the branch point to the heating medium heating unit side acquires the flow rate operation processing means, based on the obtained flow rate ratio, flow rate ratio due to the so determine the outside flow from the relationship table stored in advance set the relation between the outside flow and, even without using the outside flow, the means of direct measurement using a device of the flow meter or the like, It is possible to accurately calculate based on the flow rate ratio, and it is possible to more optimally perform opening / closing control of the on-off valve based on the accurately calculated flow rate outside the machine. As a result, it is possible to accurately realize the maximum heating output corresponding to the operation status at that time . In addition, the calculation is performed on the condition that the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the heat medium temperature detected by the return temperature sensor from the heat medium temperature detected by the high temperature going temperature sensor is larger than the set temperature difference. In addition to accurately calculating the flow rate outside the machine from the calculated flow rate ratio, the current operation is performed based on the flow rate ratio obtained by the calculation process using the detected value of the actually flowing heat medium temperature. The flow rate outside the machine in the situation can be grasped, and more accurate opening / closing control can be executed for the opening / closing valve. Thereby, the opening / closing control for obtaining the maximum heating output can be performed with higher accuracy.

Further, according to the hot-water heater according to claim 2, by a simple control content than in the case of claim 1, Ru Unina by which it is possible to obtain the same effect as the claim 1. The opening / closing control of the opening / closing valve interposed in the low-temperature heat medium circuit from the branch point on the discharge side of the circulation pump is performed by comparing the flow rate acquired by the flow rate calculation processing means with the set judgment value. Therefore, the opening / closing control based on the flow rate ratio makes it possible to perform the optimum opening / closing switching for obtaining the maximum heating output in accordance with the operation state at that time. In addition, it is possible to grasp the flow rate outside the machine from the flow rate ratio without using a means of direct measurement using a flow meter or the like for the flow rate outside the machine. Inconvenience such as an increase in cost can be avoided.

In addition, the calculation is performed on the condition that the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the heat medium temperature detected by the return temperature sensor from the heat medium temperature detected by the high temperature going temperature sensor is larger than the set temperature difference. In addition to accurately calculating the flow rate outside the machine from the calculated flow rate ratio, the current operation is performed based on the flow rate ratio obtained by the calculation process using the detected value of the actually flowing heat medium temperature. The flow rate outside the machine in the situation can be grasped, and more accurate opening / closing control can be executed for the opening / closing valve. Thereby, the opening / closing control for obtaining the maximum heating output can be performed with higher accuracy.

It is a schematic diagram which shows embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram of a 1st embodiment concerning opening and closing control of a thermal valve for bypass. FIG. 3A is a relationship table showing the relationship between the heating output / unit unit flow rate with respect to the external flow rate when the bypass thermal valve is in the open state and the closed state, and FIG. It is a relationship table of the flow rate ratio of the high temperature going side with respect to the low temperature bypass side branched on the downstream side of the circulation pump, and the external flow rate. It is a flowchart of 1st Embodiment which concerns on the action | operation control of the thermal valve for bypass. It is a block diagram of 2nd Embodiment which concerns on the open / close control of the thermal valve for bypass. It is a flowchart of 2nd Embodiment which concerns on the action | operation control of the thermal valve for bypasses.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a hot water heater according to an embodiment of the present invention. The symbol S in the figure is a heat collector that collects solar heat as an external heat source, 1 is a heat collection and circulation circuit that uses the heat collected by the heat collector S, and 4 is water supply that supplies tap water or the like from the outside A circuit 5 is a hot water supply circuit for supplying hot water to the hot-water tap 50 using hot water stored in the hot water tank 3 or hot water after auxiliary heating from the auxiliary heat source unit 6, and 7 is a heating medium such as antifreeze or tap water as a heat source for heating. A heating circuit for heating with hot water from the hot water storage tank 3 or the auxiliary heat source unit 6, and 9 a bath reheating circuit as another external heat load that similarly uses the hot water from the hot water storage tank 3 or the auxiliary heat source unit 6 as a reheating heat source. It is.

  The heat collection and circulation circuit 1 includes a heat storage and circulation circuit 11 that heat-collects and heat-stores hot water in the hot water tank 3 by collecting heat in the heat collector S, and a heating circuit 7 that collects heat in the heat collector S and collects heat. And a direct circulation circuit 13 for heat exchange heating of the return warm water by a liquid-liquid heat exchange type heat exchanger 12, and these circuits 11, 13 are switched by a switching valve 14 and are operated by the operation of the circulation pump 15. Is to be driven. And the heat medium which became low temperature after heat exchange is supplied to the heat collector S through the expansion tank 16.

  The hot water storage tank 3 is configured in a sealed manner, and a hot water storage temperature sensor 31 for detecting the temperature of the hot water storage is provided at an appropriate place (at least at the top position). And the circulation path 21 is arrange | positioned so that internal hot water may be taken out from the bottom part 32 of the hot water tank 3 by the action | operation of the circulation pump 22, and the auxiliary | assistant heat source machine 6 may be passed and returned to the top part 33 of the hot water tank 3. . At that time, after leaving the auxiliary heat source unit 6, it reaches the top 33 of the hot water tank 3 through the flow rate adjusting valve 23 with a closing function. Further, a branch point 24 and a branch point 25 described later are disposed between the auxiliary heat source unit 6 and the flow rate adjustment valve 23, and a branch point 26 is disposed at a downstream position of the flow rate adjustment valve 23. Hereinafter, a part of the circulation path 21 from the branch point 26 to the top 33 of the hot water tank 3 will be referred to as a top side circuit unit 27. Further, a downstream end of a communication passage 51 communicating with the top circuit portion 27 and the top portion 33 of the hot water tank 3 is connected to the circulation path 21 on the upstream side of the circulation pump 22 via a first mixing valve 52. That is, the hot water taken out from the bottom of the hot water tank 3 through the circulation path 21 and the hot water taken out from the top 33 of the hot water tank 3 through the communication passage 51 are mixed at a predetermined mixing ratio (0 to 100%: 100) in the first mixing valve 52. ˜0%), and can be flowed to the auxiliary heat source unit 6 on the downstream side. In addition, the code | symbol 61 of FIG. 1 is the temperature sensor of the auxiliary | assistant heat source machine downstream which detects the hot water temperature in the circulation path 21 immediately after having come out of the auxiliary | assistant heat source apparatus 6. FIG.

  In the water supply circuit 4, the upstream end of the main water supply passage 41 is connected to an external water pipe or the like, and the downstream end is connected to the circulation passage 21 near the bottom 32 of the hot water storage tank 3 via a check valve 42. Water can be supplied to the bottom 32 of the tank 3 or can be supplied downstream of the circulation path 21. A mixed water supply passage 44 branched from the upstream side of the main water supply passage 41 via a check valve 43 is connected to a later-described second mixing valve 54 of the hot water supply circuit 5 so that water can be supplied. In addition, the code | symbol 46 of FIG. 1 is a water supply temperature sensor which detects the temperature of the water supplied by the water supply circuit 4. FIG.

  The hot water supply circuit 5 is connected to the branch point 26 of the circulation path 21 so that the upstream end is connected to branch from the circulation path 21 and the downstream end side is connected to extend to the hot water tap 50; A second mixing valve 54 interposed in the hot water supply passage 53 and a hot water supply temperature sensor 55 disposed at a downstream position of the second mixing valve 54 are provided. The second mixing valve 54 has a predetermined setting by mixing hot water supplied from the upstream side of the hot water supply channel 53 and water supplied from the mixed water supply channel 44 at a predetermined mixing ratio (mixed water). Hot water is supplied to the hot water tap 50 after adjusting the temperature to the hot water supply temperature. The hot water supply temperature sensor 55 detects the temperature of the hot water to be finally supplied after temperature adjustment and outputs the detected temperature to the controller 20. Based on the output from the hot water supply temperature sensor 55, the second mixing is performed. Temperature control by the valve 54 is performed by a controller 20 described later.

  Hot water is supplied to the hot water supply passage 53 from the top 33 of the hot water tank 3 as hot water for hot water through the top circuit portion 27 and the branch point 26, and hot water is connected from the top 33 of the hot water tank 3 to the communication passage 51. And the hot water after being supplied to the auxiliary heat source device 6 through the first mixing valve 52 and after the auxiliary heating is supplied as hot water for hot water supply. In addition, the code | symbol 56 in FIG. 1 is an avoidance valve for preventing and avoiding hot water supply of high temperature water resulting from an apparatus abnormality.

  The auxiliary heat source unit 6 is constituted by, for example, an instantaneous water heater, and is interposed in the middle of the circulation path 21. When a combustion operation is performed in accordance with a command from the controller 20 described later, the hot water flowing from one side of the circulation path 21 is subjected to heat exchange heating, and the hot water after heating is discharged to the other side of the circulation path 21, thereby Auxiliary heating of flowing hot water is provided.

  In the heating circuit 7, the low-temperature heat medium taken out from the expansion tank 71 by the operation of the circulation heating pump 70 extends from the branch point 72 to one side, and the liquid-liquid heat exchange is performed in the heat exchanger 73 as the heat medium heating means. And a high-temperature heating medium circuit 75 that circulates and supplies the high-temperature heating medium to a high-temperature heating terminal (for example, a bathroom dryer) 74, and a bypass heat operated valve 76 as an on-off valve from the branch point 72 to the other side. And a low-temperature heating medium circuit 78 that circulates and supplies the low-temperature heating medium to low-temperature heating terminals (for example, floor heating) 77, 77,. In addition, a high-temperature bypass circuit 80 that branches from the middle of the high-temperature heat medium circuit 75 and joins to the low-temperature heat medium circuit 78 downstream of the bypass heat valve 76 via the check valve 79 is provided. The high temperature heat medium heated at 73 can be joined to the low temperature heat medium supplied via the bypass heat operated valve 76 to raise the temperature. The heat medium radiated from each low temperature heating terminal 77 and high temperature heating terminal 74 and having a low temperature is heated by passing through the heat exchanger 12 of the direct circulation circuit 13 and then returned to the expansion tank 71. It will be. The high-temperature heat medium circuit 75 on the outlet side of the heat exchanger 73 detects the temperature (high-temperature forward temperature) Th of the high-temperature heat medium that is heat-exchanged and heated by the heat exchanger 73 and supplied to the high-temperature bypass circuit 80 and the like. A return temperature sensor 81 is installed in the vicinity of the expansion tank 71, a return temperature sensor 82 for detecting the temperature (return temperature) Tm of the return heat medium is installed in the vicinity of the expansion tank 71, and a junction between the low temperature heat medium circuit 78 and the high temperature bypass circuit 80. A low temperature forward temperature sensor 84 that detects the temperature (low temperature forward temperature) Tc of the low temperature heating medium that is mixed with the low temperature heating medium and the high temperature heating medium and supplied to the low temperature heating terminal 77 is installed at a position downstream of 83. . Reference numerals 74a and 77a in FIG. 1 are terminal thermal valves, and when the terminal thermal valves 74a and 77a are opened, a low temperature heating medium or a high temperature heating medium is supplied to the corresponding heating terminals 74 and 77. Thus, the heating operation state is established.

  A predetermined hot water is circulated and supplied from the circulation path 21 to the heat source side of the heat exchanger 73 as a heating source (heating heat source) for liquid-liquid heat exchange in the heat exchanger 73. . That is, predetermined hot water is supplied as a heating heat source to the heat exchanger 73 through the heat source supply path 28 branched from the branch point 24 of the circulation path 21 on the downstream side of the auxiliary heat source unit 6, and the temperature is lowered due to the liquid-liquid heat exchange. Hot water is led out to the circulation path 21 through the on-off valve 28a, and is circulated through the circulation path 21 through various paths.

  The bath reheating circuit 9 operates the reheating pump 91 to circulate hot water in the bathtub 92 through the recirculation path 93 and the heat exchanger 94, and the liquid-liquid heat in the heat exchanger 94 is obtained. It is designed to heat up by exchanging. Predetermined hot water is supplied to the heat source side of the heat exchanger 94 as a heat source for reheating the bath through the heat source supply path 95 branched from the branch point 25 of the circulation path 21 on the downstream side of the auxiliary heat source machine 6, and the liquid-liquid Hot water whose temperature has decreased due to heat exchange passes through the on-off valve 95a and is led out to the circulation path 21 in the same manner as the heating circuit 7, and is circulated through the circulation path 21 in the same manner as described above.

  The operation of each of the circuits 1, 5, 7, and 9 described above is based on the output of input setting signals and operation signals from the remote controller 20a, and the output of detection signals from various temperature sensors 31, 46, 55, 61 and the like. Thus, the operation is controlled by the controller 20. For such operation control, the controller 20 includes various controls such as a heating control unit and a reheating control unit as external heat load control means in addition to the heat storage control unit and the hot water supply control unit.

  First, the outline of the control by the heating control unit will be described. When a heating request command is output by the operation of the user's remote controller 20a, high-temperature water having a temperature higher than the temperature required as the heating heat source is stored in the hot water storage tank 3. When hot water is stored, that is, when it has a sufficient amount of heat storage, the hot water in the hot water tank 3 is supplied and circulated as a heating heat source alone, and if it is insufficient, auxiliary heat source 6 is used for auxiliary heating. It is to be circulated above. For example, the flow rate adjusting valve 23 is maintained in the closed state, the opening of the first mixing valve 52 on the side of the communication path 51 is set to 100%, and the side of the circulation path 21 from the bottom 32 of the hot water tank 3 is 0%. On the other hand, the on-off valve 28a is switched to open, while the circulation pump 70 on the heating circuit 7 side is operated. Then, on the heat source side, hot water in the hot water storage tank 3 flows from the top 33 through the communication path 51 and the first mixing valve 52, then passes through the auxiliary heat source unit 6 and flows into the heat source supply path 28 from the branch point 24 to exchange heat. Will be supplied to the device 73.

  On the other hand, on the heating circuit 7 side, the low-temperature heat medium discharged from the circulation pump 70 is branched into two directions: the heat exchanger 73 and the bypass heat valve 76 if the bypass heat valve 76 is open. If the terminal 77 starts the heating operation (open operation of the terminal thermal valve 77a), the low temperature heat supplied by the high temperature heating medium supplied through the high temperature bypass circuit 80 after being heated by the heat exchanger 73 through the high temperature bypass circuit 76 is used. The mixed low-temperature heat medium is circulated and supplied to the low-temperature heating terminal 77 that starts the heating operation. If the bypass thermal valve 76 is closed and the low temperature heating terminal 77 starts heating operation (opening operation of the terminal thermal valve 77a), the high temperature heating medium supplied through the high temperature bypass circuit 80 is supplied to the low temperature heating terminal 77. Will be. In these cases, if the high temperature heating terminal 74 is also in the heating operation (opening operation of the terminal heat operated valve 74 a), a part of the high temperature heat medium from the heat exchanger 73 passes through the high temperature bypass circuit 80. 78, and the other remaining portion is supplied to the high temperature heating terminal 74 through the high temperature heating medium circuit 75.

<First Embodiment>
Based on the above configuration, the heating control unit of the controller 20 includes an opening / closing control unit 201 as an opening / closing control unit according to the first embodiment that performs the opening / closing control on the bypass thermal valve 76. As shown in FIG. 2, the open / close control unit 201 includes a flow rate calculation processing unit 202 as a flow rate calculation processing unit, an external flow rate indexing processing unit 203, and an open / close determination processing unit 204 as an open / close determination processing unit. And a timer 205. In the opening / closing control unit 201, the high temperature heating terminal 74 stops the heating operation (the terminal thermal valve 74a is closed), and any one or more of the low temperature heating terminals 77, 77,. The above-described terminal thermal valve 77a is opened in a low temperature single operation state, and the bypass thermal valve 76 is appropriately controlled to open and close depending on the flow rate outside the machine. It is intended to obtain the maximum heating output in the operating state. In the low temperature independent operation state, when the bypass thermal valve 76 is open, the low temperature heating terminal 77 is connected to the low temperature heating medium that has passed through the bypass thermal valve 76, the heat exchanger 73, and the high temperature bypass circuit 80. When the heat medium mixed with the high-temperature heat medium that has passed is circulated and supplied, and the bypass heat valve 76 is closed, the low-temperature heating terminal 77 passes through the heat exchanger 73 and the high-temperature bypass circuit 80. Only the high-temperature heat medium that has been circulated is supplied.

  In the flow rate ratio calculation processing unit 202, a calculation formula (1) described later for obtaining a flow rate ratio α described later based on three detected temperature values is stored and set in advance. 3 is stored in advance in a relationship table 206 between the flow rate ratio α and the external flow rate Q shown in detail in FIG. 3 (a), and the open / close determination processing unit 204 stores the details shown in FIG. 3 (b). A relationship table 207 between the external flow rate Q and the heating output per unit unit external flow rate (heating output / unit unit external flow rate) is stored and set in advance.

The flow rate ratio α is the heat exchange from the branch point 72 to the branch flow rate Qc from the branch point 72 to the bypass thermal valve 76 side (low temperature heating medium circuit 78) when the bypass thermal valve 76 is open. It is the ratio (α = Qh / Qc) of the branch flow rate Qh to the side of the condenser 73 (high temperature heat medium circuit 75). The three temperature detection values are the high temperature forward temperature Th detected by the high temperature forward temperature sensor 81, the return temperature Tm detected by the return temperature sensor 82, and the low temperature forward temperature detected by the low temperature forward temperature sensor 84. Tc and three. Here, the return temperature Tm is actually the detected temperature at the bottom of the expansion tank 71, but the temperature of the low-temperature heat medium that flows from the expansion tank 71 to the bypass thermal valve 76 side through the circulation pump 71 and the branch point 72. This low temperature heating medium is mixed with a high temperature heating medium having a high temperature going temperature Th at the junction 83 to become a low temperature heating medium having a low temperature going temperature Tc. That is, the above three temperature detection values are the temperature (Th) of the first water inlet and the temperature (Tm) of the second water inlet when the two water inlets merge to form one water outlet. This corresponds to the temperature (Tc) of the drainage channel after merging. Therefore, the calculation formula (1) regarding the next flow rate ratio α is established.
α = Qh / Qc = (Tc−Tm) / (Th−Tc) (1)

  In addition, the relationship table 206 is for the actual heating circuit 7, and the flow rate ratio α value obtained by the calculation formula (1) and the external flow rate Q (low temperature heating terminal installed outside the hot water heating device). .., 77,... Is obtained by an experiment in which the heating circuit 7 is actually operated, and the condition is changed (heating such as increase / decrease of pipe resistance element). If there is a change in the in-machine configuration of the circuit), the heating circuit after the change in conditions may be obtained by experiments. According to this relation table 206, if the flow rate ratio α is obtained, the external flow rate Q at the flow rate ratio α can be determined. That is, if the flow rate ratio obtained by the calculation is αa, the external flow rate can be determined from the relation table 206 as Qa, and if the flow rate ratio is αb, the external flow rate can be determined as Qb.

  Further, the relationship table 207 targets the actual heating circuit 7 in the same manner as described above, and the value of the external flow rate Q and the heating output per unit external flow rate at that time (the amount of heat that can be supplied as a heating heat source). As for the relationship with the value of, the bypass heat for the same relationship as the relationship line (see the solid line in FIG. 3B) obtained by the experiment in which the heating circuit 7 was actually operated with the bypass thermal valve 76 closed. The relationship line (refer to the one-dot chain line in FIG. 3B) obtained by the experiment in which the valve 76 is opened is drawn on the relationship table. When the bypass thermal valve 76 is closed, the heating output rapidly increases with an increase in the external flow rate, but the heating output is quickly reduced at a relatively small value of the external flow rate. On the other hand, when the bypass thermal valve 76 is opened, the heating output gradually increases as the external flow rate increases, and this slow increase trend continues to a relatively large external flow value, and the heating output gradually decreases. It will be. For this reason, as the out-of-machine flow rate Q increases, the heating output per unit out-of-unit flow rate changes its characteristic at the inflection point K (out-of-machine flow rate Qc), which is the intersection of the two relational lines.

  That is, the heating output is higher when the bypass thermal valve 76 is closed from when the external flow rate Q is small to the flow rate value Qc corresponding to the inflection point K than when the external heat flow rate Q is open. When the flow rate exceeds Qc and becomes larger than Qc, the heating output characteristic is reversed, and the heating output becomes higher when the bypass heat operated valve 76 is opened than when it is closed. Therefore, when the flow rate outside the machine is at the flow rate value Qc corresponding to the inflection point K of the heating output, a higher heating output can be obtained by closing the bypass thermal valve 76 in the range of the smaller flow rate outside the machine. On the other hand, it can be seen that a higher heating output can be obtained by opening the bypass thermal valve 76 in a larger range of the external flow rate. Therefore, in the open / close determination processing unit 204, the flow rate value Qc corresponding to the inflection point K of the heating output is set as a preset determination value in advance, and the current external flow rate calculated by the external flow rate calculation processing unit 203 is set. Depending on whether the value of Q is larger or smaller than the set determination value Qc, it is determined whether the heating output is higher when the bypass thermal valve 76 is opened or closed. Based on the determination result, the bypass thermal valve is determined. 76 is opened and closed. For example, if the external flow rate calculated by the relation table 206 is Qa, it is smaller than the set determination value Qc, so that the bypass thermal valve 76 is closed, and if the external flow rate is Qb, the set determination value Qc. Therefore, the bypass thermal valve 76 is controlled to be opened and closed, such as opening control. As in the case of the relationship table 207 as described above, if there is a change in the condition (change in the in-machine configuration of the heating circuit such as increase or decrease of the piping resistance element), the heating circuit after the change in the condition is targeted. What is necessary is just to obtain | require by experiment. The above flow ratio calculation processing unit 202 and the out-of-machine flow index processing unit 203 are for estimating and grasping the out-of-machine flow without using the means for directly measuring the out-of-machine flow. An out-of-machine flow rate estimation means is configured.

  The control by the opening / closing control unit 201 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, the bypass thermal valve 76 is opened for the flow rate calculation processing by the flow rate calculation processing unit 202 (step S1), and it is confirmed that the heating pump 70 is ON (YES in step S2). Furthermore, it is confirmed by the timer 205 that the time t1 (for example, 2 minutes) has elapsed since the most recent opening operation of the terminal thermal valve 77a, and if it has not elapsed, it waits until the time t1 has elapsed (in step S3). NO). This requires a certain amount of time until the terminal thermal valve 77a receives the input of the opening operation signal and changes its state to the fully open state. Therefore, the terminal thermal valve 77a waits for the fully opened state to pass through the fully open state. This is to wait until the flow rate is stabilized. Accordingly, a time value corresponding to the time t1 may be set.

  If the time t1 has elapsed (YES in step S3), a temperature difference (Th−Tm) obtained by subtracting the return temperature Tm detected by the return temperature sensor 82 from the high temperature forward temperature Th detected by the high temperature forward temperature sensor 81 is obtained. After confirming that the temperature difference is larger than the set temperature difference Ts (for example, a temperature difference of 20 ° C.) (YES in step S4), the flow rate ratio α is calculated using the equation (1) (step S5). . Here, the reason for confirming that the temperature difference (Th−Tm) is larger than the set temperature difference Ts in step S4 is to accurately calculate the flow rate outside the apparatus from the calculated flow rate ratio. That is, when the temperature difference is small (for example, a temperature difference corresponding to 5 ° C.), an error illustrated as an error range G with respect to an accurate relationship line indicated by a thick line in the relationship table 206 of FIG. If the temperature difference is equal to or larger than the set temperature difference Ts, the relationship between the flow rate ratio α and the external flow rate Q is indicated by the relationship line indicated by a bold line in the relationship table 206. is there.

  In step S5, the value of the flow rate ratio α is obtained by the calculation formula (1) using the three temperature detection values (high temperature forward temperature Th, return temperature Tm, low temperature forward temperature Tc), and the obtained flow rate ratio α. Based on this value, the value of the external flow rate Q is determined from the relation table 206. Then, it is determined whether or not the calculated value Q of the out-of-machine flow rate is smaller or larger than the set determination value Qc (step S6). If it is larger than the set determination value Qc (NO in step S6), the bypass thermal valve 76 is turned on. Since the heating output can be increased by opening it (see FIG. 3B), the bypass thermal valve 76 is left in the open state, the process returns to step S2, and the processes of steps S2 to S6 are repeated. On the other hand, if the calculated value Q of the out-of-machine flow rate is smaller than the set determination value Qc (YES in step S6), the heating output can be increased by closing the bypass thermal valve 76 (FIG. 3B). )), The bypass thermal valve 76 is controlled to be switched from open to closed (step S7).

  Next, it is confirmed whether or not the number of terminal systems has increased, that is, whether or not the number of terminals whose heating operation has been started by opening the terminal thermal valve 77a has increased (step S8). If it returns, the process from step S1 is repeated again (YES in step S8). On the other hand, if it has not increased, it is confirmed whether or not the terminal (operating terminal) that is heating-operated has changed even if the number itself has not increased (step S9). While the process from step S1 is repeated again (YES in step S9), if not changed, the process returns to step S8, and changes in the number of operating terminals and the like are monitored while the bypass thermal valve 76 is kept closed (step S9). NO).

  According to the above, the value of the external flow rate Q in the current operating condition is based on the value of the flow rate ratio α calculated from the three types of heat medium detection temperatures Th, Tm, Tc actually flowing in the heating circuit 7. The bypass thermal valve 76 can be controlled to open and close based on the index and the comparison between the calculated value Q of the out-of-machine flow rate and the set determination value Qc. For this reason, the maximum heating output can always be obtained according to the operation state at that time, and the heating medium detection temperatures Th and Tm that are actually flowing through the open / close control for obtaining the maximum heating output are obtained. , Tc can be optimized based on the accurate out-of-machine flow rate. In addition, the flow rate outside the machine is based on the relationship with the value of the flow rate ratio α obtained by calculation from the heat medium detection temperatures Th, Tm, Tc without using a means of direct measurement using a device such as a flow meter. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of inconvenience such as an increase in cost due to the installation of a device such as a flow meter.

Second Embodiment
As shown in FIG. 5, the opening / closing control unit 201a according to the second embodiment that executes the opening / closing control for the bypass thermal valve 76 includes a flow rate calculation processing unit 202, an opening / closing determination processing unit 204a, a timer 205, and the like. It is configured with. Also in the opening / closing control unit 201 according to the second embodiment, the high temperature heating terminal 74 stops the heating operation (the terminal thermal valve 74a is closed), and any one or more of the low temperature heating terminals 77, 77,. It is executed in a low-temperature single operation state in which heating operation (one or more terminal thermal valves 77a are opened), and the bypass thermal valve 76 is appropriately opened and closed according to the flow rate outside the machine. By controlling, the maximum heating output in the operation state is obtained. However, in the second embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, the external flow rate is grasped by the flow rate ratio, and the bypass thermal valve 76 is controlled to open and close according to the flow rate ratio. Although it is based on the same principle as the first embodiment in which the bypass thermal valve 76 is appropriately controlled to open and close according to the flow rate outside the machine, the same action as the first embodiment is achieved by a simpler process than the first embodiment. The effect is obtained. In addition, about the same component as 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol as 1st Embodiment is attached | subjected and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  That is, the open / close determination processing unit 204a of the second embodiment has a relationship table 206 (see FIG. 3A) between the flow rate ratio α and the external flow rate Q, and the external flow rate value is Qc (in the above-described relationship table 207). A setting determination value in which the flow rate value αc at the inflection point K is set as a determination value for opening / closing control is stored and set in advance. That is, the out-of-machine flow rate value Qc at the inflection point K in the relationship table 207 (see FIG. 3B) is used as the setting determination value in the first embodiment, but in the second embodiment, the out-of-machine flow rate The value αc of the flow rate ratio at the value Qc is used as the setting determination value.

  In the opening / closing control by the opening / closing control unit 201a of the second embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 6, the processes from step S1 to step S4 are performed in the same manner as those of the first embodiment (see FIG. 4), and step S4 is performed. If the temperature difference (Th−Tm) is greater than the set temperature difference Ts (YES in step S4), the three temperature detection values (high temperature forward temperature Th, return temperature Tm, low temperature forward temperature Tc) are used to calculate the equation ( 1), the value of the flow rate ratio α is calculated (step S5a). Then, it is determined whether the calculated flow rate ratio α is smaller or larger than the set determination value αc (step S6a). If the calculated flow rate ratio α is larger than the set determination value αc (NO in step S6a), the external flow rate is larger than Qc. Since the heating output can be increased by opening the bypass thermal valve 76 (see FIG. 3B), the bypass thermal valve 76 is left open and the process returns to Step S2, and Steps S2 to S6a are performed. Repeat the process. On the other hand, if the calculated flow rate ratio α is smaller than the set determination value αc (YES in step S6a), the external flow rate is smaller than Qc, and the heating output can be increased by closing the bypass thermal valve 76. Therefore (see FIG. 3B), the bypass thermal valve 76 is controlled to be switched from open to closed (step S7). Hereinafter, the first point is that whether or not the number of terminal systems has increased (step S8) and whether or not the operating terminal has changed (step S9) are checked, and the subsequent processing according to the check result is continued. This is the same as the embodiment.

  In the case of the second embodiment described above, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained, and the opening / closing control process can be simplified a little more than the first embodiment.

<Other embodiments>
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but includes other various embodiments. That is, in each of the above-described embodiments, an external heat source that is a heat recovery target that stores hot water in the hot water storage tank 3 uses solar heat from the heat collector S, and the stored hot water is stored in a heat exchanger 73 as a heat medium heating unit. Although what used the heating medium as a heat source for heat exchange heating was shown, it is not limited to this, but as an external heat source, a gas engine (engine cooling water exhaust heat), a fuel cell (cooling water exhaust heat), or a heat pump Heat may be stored as hot water using (exhaust heat of refrigerant) and used as the heat source, and the present invention can be applied even in such a case. Furthermore, not using an external heat source but using a combustion burner or an electric heater as a heating medium heating means, and for a hot water heating apparatus configured to heat a heating heating medium using these as a heating source, The present invention can be applied.

70 Circulating pump 73 Heat exchanger (heat medium heating means)
74 High-temperature heating terminal 75 High-temperature heating medium circuit 76 Bypass heat valve (open / close valve)
77 Low temperature heating terminal 78 Low temperature heating medium circuit 79 Check valve 80 High temperature bypass circuit 201, 201a Opening / closing control unit (opening / closing control means)
202 Flow rate calculation processing unit (flow rate calculation processing means, out-of-machine flow rate estimation means)
203 External flow rate indexing processing unit (external flow rate estimating means)
204, 204a Open / close determination processing unit (open / close determination processing means)
206 Relationship table between flow rate ratio and external flow rate

Claims (2)

A circulation pump that circulates the heat medium, a heat medium heating means that heats the heat medium, and a high-temperature heat medium that extends from the branch point on the discharge side of the circulation pump to one side through the heat medium heating means. A high-temperature heating medium circuit that circulates and supplies the heating terminal, a low-temperature heating medium circuit that extends from the branch point to the other side and circulates and supplies the low-temperature heating medium to an outside low-temperature heating terminal via an on-off valve, and the high-temperature heating medium A hot water heating apparatus comprising a high temperature bypass circuit for supplying a high temperature heat medium to a low temperature heat medium circuit at a downstream position of the on-off valve through a check valve from the middle of the circuit,
An opening / closing control means for controlling opening / closing of the on-off valve in a low-temperature single operation state in which a heating medium is supplied only to the low-temperature heating terminal side;
The opening / closing control means includes
An out-of-machine flow rate estimating means for estimating an out-of-machine flow rate that is a flow rate of a heat medium flowing through the low-temperature heating terminal that is installed at the outside of the machine and is being heated at that time;
Open / close determination processing for controlling the on / off valve to be closed if the value of the out-of-machine flow rate estimated by the out-of-machine flow rate estimating unit is smaller than a preset setting determination value, and controlling the on / off valve to be open if the value is larger. Means and
The out-of-machine flow rate estimating means calculates a flow rate ratio of the branch flow rate flowing from the branch point to the heating medium heating means side with respect to the branch flow rate flowing from the branch point to the open / close valve side with the on-off valve opened. A flow rate calculation processing means acquired by processing, and based on the flow ratio acquired by the flow ratio calculation processing means, the relationship between the flow ratio and the flow rate outside the machine is stored in advance from a relation table. While configured to determine the flow rate,
A high temperature forward temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the high temperature heating medium in the high temperature heating medium circuit on the outlet side of the heating medium heating means, and a return temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the low temperature heating medium upstream of the branch point; A low temperature forward temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the low temperature heating medium in the low temperature heating medium circuit after the high temperature heating medium from the high temperature bypass circuit is joined,
The flow rate ratio calculation processing means, on the condition that the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the heat medium temperature detected by the return temperature sensor from the heat medium temperature detected by the high temperature going temperature sensor is larger than a set temperature difference. the return temperature sensor from the hot forward and a value obtained by subtracting the temperature of the heating medium detected by the previous SL low temperature forward temperature sensor from the heating medium temperature detected by the temperature sensor, the heating medium temperature detected by said low forward temperature sensor The flow rate ratio is obtained by calculation processing as a ratio with the value obtained by subtracting the heat medium temperature detected by
A hot water heater characterized by that. A circulation pump that circulates the heat medium, a heat medium heating means that heats the heat medium, and a high-temperature heat medium that extends from the branch point on the discharge side of the circulation pump to one side through the heat medium heating means. A high-temperature heating medium circuit that circulates and supplies the heating terminal, a low-temperature heating medium circuit that extends from the branch point to the other side and circulates and supplies the low-temperature heating medium to an outside low-temperature heating terminal via an on-off valve, and the high-temperature heating medium A hot water heating apparatus comprising a high temperature bypass circuit for supplying a high temperature heat medium to a low temperature heat medium circuit at a downstream position of the on-off valve through a check valve from the middle of the circuit,
An opening / closing control means for controlling opening / closing of the on-off valve in a low-temperature single operation state in which a heating medium is supplied only to the low-temperature heating terminal side;
The opening / closing control means includes
A flow rate ratio calculation process for obtaining a flow rate ratio of a branch flow rate flowing from the branch point to the heating medium heating means side with respect to a branch flow rate flowing from the branch point to the open / close valve side with the open / close valve being opened. Means,
The on / off determination processing means for controlling the on / off valve to be closed if the value of the flow ratio acquired by the flow ratio calculation processing means is smaller than a preset setting determination value, while controlling the on / off valve to be open if the value is larger. While comprising
A high temperature forward temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the high temperature heating medium in the high temperature heating medium circuit on the outlet side of the heating medium heating means, and a return temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the low temperature heating medium upstream of the branch point; A low temperature forward temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the low temperature heating medium in the low temperature heating medium circuit after the high temperature heating medium from the high temperature bypass circuit is joined,
The flow rate ratio calculation processing means, on the condition that the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the heat medium temperature detected by the return temperature sensor from the heat medium temperature detected by the high temperature going temperature sensor is larger than a set temperature difference. the return temperature sensor from the hot forward and a value obtained by subtracting the temperature of the heating medium detected by the previous SL low temperature forward temperature sensor from the heating medium temperature detected by the temperature sensor, the heating medium temperature detected by said low forward temperature sensor The flow rate ratio is obtained by calculation processing as a ratio with the value obtained by subtracting the heat medium temperature detected by
A hot water heater characterized by that.

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