JP5793012B2 - Chuck device and lathe - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a chuck device that holds a workpiece in a predetermined position and a lathe having the chuck device.

  The magnet chuck device attracts and holds a work (work object) made of a magnetic material by a magnetic force. That is, the workpiece is held by the surface to be held of the workpiece being magnetically attracted to the holding surface of the magnet chuck device.

  However, when the workpiece is fragile and the holding surface and the held surface are not aligned, when the workpiece is held, the held surface is sucked to align with the holding surface, and the workpiece is distorted. There is a risk of being held (in a state where an elastic restoring force is accumulated). In this case, processing such as cutting is performed on the distorted workpiece. For this reason, when the magnetic attractive force is released, the workpiece is deformed again to return to its original shape by its own elastic restoring force. Therefore, as a result, the machining accuracy of the workpiece is lowered.

  In view of this point, Patent Document 1 discloses that the work is first weakly attracted to the holding surface in a weakly excited state, then the pin is protruded by fluid pressure to support the lower surface of the work, and finally the strong excited state is switched. A magnet chuck device that strongly attracts a workpiece to a holding surface is disclosed. When the pin protrudes, the work is weakly adsorbed on the holding surface. For this reason, it can suppress that a workpiece | work is lifted up by a pin.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a magnet chuck device that first protrudes a pin to support the lower surface of the workpiece, and then attracts the workpiece to the holding surface by magnetic force. The fluid pressure of the fluid and the elastic force of the spring act on the pins in opposite directions. That is, the fluid pressure acts in the direction in which the pin protrudes, and the elastic force acts in the direction in which the pin is immersed. By adjusting the elastic force of the spring, the workpiece can be prevented from being lifted up by the pin.

JP-A-4-315538 JP 2009-255221 A

  According to the magnet chuck devices of Patent Documents 1 and 2, misalignment between the holding surface and the held surface can be compensated by the movable pin. That is, when the held surface is partially floated with respect to the holding surface, the floating held surface can be supported by the pins protruding from the holding surface. For this reason, when a workpiece is held, the held surface is hardly sucked so as to be aligned with the holding surface. Therefore, processing such as cutting can be performed on the workpiece in a state close to a state without distortion (natural state).

  However, the pins of Patent Documents 1 and 2 are driven by fluid pressure, elastic force, or the like, and are in contact with the held surface of the workpiece. For this reason, the workpiece is still distorted by being pressed by the pin. Accordingly, the machining accuracy of the work is reduced accordingly.

  The chuck device and lathe of the present invention have been completed in view of the above problems. An object of the present invention is to provide a chuck device and a lathe that are less likely to cause distortion in a workpiece during holding.

  (1) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a chuck device according to the present invention includes a chuck body, a movable holding member having a movable holding portion that is disposed on the chuck body and holds a workpiece made of a magnetic material, and the chuck body. And a fixed abutment having a fixed holding part that abuts against an axial end surface of the workpiece, wherein the movable holding part is made of a magnetic material and excites at least the workpiece The workpiece is attracted to the workpiece by the magnetic force generated.

  The workpiece is made of a magnetic material. For this reason, the workpiece is excited and magnetized by a magnetic field from the outside of the workpiece. That is, the workpiece becomes a magnet. On the other hand, the movable holding portion of the movable holding member is also made of a magnetic material. The movable holding unit is movable. Therefore, the movable holding unit is attracted to the magnetized workpiece. The movable holding unit holds the workpiece at a position attracted to the workpiece.

  According to the chuck device of the present invention, the movable holding unit is driven by being sucked by the work to be held. For this reason, distortion is unlikely to occur in the workpiece as compared with the case where the movable holding portion is pressed and driven from the opposite side of the workpiece by fluid pressure, elastic force, or the like. Therefore, even if the magnetic force is released after machining such as cutting, the workpiece is not easily deformed. Therefore, the machining accuracy of the workpiece is improved.

  Further, the movable holding unit is attracted to the work by the magnetic force from the work to be held. For this reason, it is hard to produce a clearance gap between a movable holding part and a workpiece | work. Therefore, the workpiece can be firmly held during processing.

  (2) Preferably, in the configuration of (1) above, it is better to include a lock mechanism unit that fixes the movable holding unit in a state of being attracted to the workpiece. According to this structure, the movable holding part adsorbed on the workpiece can be fixed by the lock mechanism part. For this reason, a workpiece | work can be hold | maintained firmly at the time of a process.

  (3) Preferably, in the configuration of the above (1) or (2), the movable holding member is a movable metal holding the axial end surface of the workpiece and a movement holding the side peripheral surface of the workpiece. It is better to have at least one of the nail types. According to this structure, the axial direction end surface of a workpiece | work can be hold | maintained by the movable holding | maintenance part of a movable type | formula money. Moreover, the side peripheral surface of a workpiece | work can be hold | maintained by the movable holding part of a movable nail | claw.

  (4) Preferably, in the configuration of the above (3), the movable holding member is the movable holding gold, and the movable holding portion of the movable holding gold abuts on the fixed holding portion. Between the non-adsorption position set apart in the axial direction with respect to the axial end surface of the workpiece and the adsorption position adsorbing to the axial end surface of the workpiece in contact with the fixed holding portion It is better to have a configuration capable of reciprocating.

  According to this configuration, the work is held in the following procedure. First, in a state where the movable holding part of the movable type gold is in a standby state at the non-adsorption position, the fixed type holding part of the fixed type gold is brought into contact with the axial end surface of the workpiece. Next, the movable holding portion of the movable type gold is moved from the non-suction position to the suction position, thereby bringing the movable holding portion into contact with the axial end surface of the workpiece. And a workpiece | work is hold | maintained by a fixed holding | maintenance part and a movable holding | maintenance part.

  According to this configuration, the driving force of the movable holding unit when moving from the non-suction position to the suction position is a magnetic force from the workpiece. For this reason, even if the movable holding portion reaches the suction position, that is, even if the movable holding portion is sucked to the end surface in the axial direction of the workpiece, the workpiece is not easily displaced from the fixed holding portion. Moreover, according to this structure, the rough processing position of a workpiece | work can be determined by a fixed holding | maintenance part.

  (5) Preferably, in the configuration of (3), the movable holding member is the movable claw, and the movable holding portion of the movable claw is in contact with the fixed type metal Reciprocating motion between a non-adsorption position set apart in the radial direction with respect to the side peripheral surface of the workpiece and an adsorption position adsorbing to the side peripheral surface of the workpiece in contact with the fixed holding portion It is better to have a possible configuration.

  According to this configuration, the work is held in the following procedure. First, in a state where the movable holding portion of the movable claw is in a standby state at the non-adsorption position, the fixed holding portion of the fixed type abutment is brought into contact with the axial end surface of the workpiece. Next, the movable holding portion of the movable claw is moved from the non-suction position to the suction position, thereby bringing the movable holding portion into contact with the side peripheral surface of the workpiece. And a workpiece | work is hold | maintained by a fixed holding | maintenance part and a movable holding | maintenance part.

  According to this configuration, the driving force of the movable holding unit when moving from the non-suction position to the suction position is a magnetic force from the workpiece. For this reason, even if the movable holding portion reaches the suction position, that is, even if the movable holding portion is sucked to the side peripheral surface of the workpiece, the workpiece is not easily displaced from the fixed holding portion. Moreover, according to this structure, the rough processing position of a workpiece | work can be determined by a fixed holding | maintenance part.

  (6) Preferably, in the configuration according to any one of the above (1) to (5), three of the fixed type golds are arranged, and the axial end surface of the workpiece is the three of the fixed type golds. It is better to have a configuration that abuts the fixed holding part at least at three points.

  When the chuck device has a flat holding surface for holding a workpiece, the axial end surface of the workpiece is in full contact with the holding surface in a macroscopic manner. However, microscopically, the end surface in the axial direction of the workpiece is in contact with the holding surface at three contact points. When the holding surface is planar, it is difficult to control the positions of the three contact points.

  In this regard, according to the present configuration, the three fixed holding portions are in contact with the axial end surface of the workpiece. For this reason, the position of the contact point between the chuck device and the workpiece can be adjusted by the position of the fixed holding portion.

  (7) Preferably, in any one of the configurations (1) to (6), the movable holding member is configured to include a sliding member made of a magnetic material that is in sliding contact with the movable holding portion. Good.

  According to this configuration, it is easy to form a magnetic circuit around the chuck body, the movable holding member, and the workpiece. In addition, since the sliding member made of a magnetic material is fixedly disposed on the chuck body side, the work, the movable holding member, and the chuck body can be integrated by a magnetic force. Further, the movable holding unit can be fixed at a position attracted to the work by using magnetic force. However, of course, the movable holding portion may be fixed using the lock mechanism portion having the configuration (2).

  (8) Preferably, in the configuration according to any one of (1) to (6), the movable holding member includes a sliding member made of a nonmagnetic material that is in sliding contact with the movable holding portion. Is good.

  According to this configuration, the workpiece waste is hardly adsorbed near the sliding interface between the movable holding unit and the sliding member. For this reason, maintenance of the chuck device is easy. In addition, the movement of the movable holding unit is hardly hindered by the workpiece waste.

  (9) In order to solve the above problems, a lathe according to the present invention includes the chuck device according to any one of (1) to (8), a tool table having a cutting tool for cutting the workpiece, and the tool table. And a slide part that moves in at least two axial directions.

  According to the lathe of the present invention, the movable holding portion of the movable holding member is driven by being sucked by the workpiece. For this reason, distortion is unlikely to occur in the workpiece. Therefore, even if the magnetic force is released after the cutting process, the workpiece is not easily deformed. Therefore, the machining accuracy of the workpiece is improved.

  Further, the movable holding unit is attracted to the work by the magnetic force from the work. For this reason, it is hard to produce a clearance gap between a movable holding part and a workpiece | work. Therefore, the workpiece can be firmly held during the cutting process.

  (10) Preferably, in the configuration of the above (9), the chuck device or the slide portion may have an excitation portion that excites the workpiece. When the chuck device has an exciting part, the workpiece is magnetized by the chuck device. When the slide part has an exciting part, the work is magnetized by the slide part via the tool table. According to this structure, a workpiece | work can be magnetized using the chuck device and tool stand which contact | abut to a workpiece | work.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the chuck | zipper apparatus and lathe which are hard to generate | occur | produce a distortion at the time of holding | maintenance can be provided.

It is a permeation | transmission perspective view of the lathe of 1st embodiment. It is a block diagram of the same lathe. It is a top view of the chuck device of the lathe. It is a perspective view of the fixed type | formula of the chuck | zipper apparatus. FIG. It is radial direction sectional drawing of the same fixed type gold | metal | money. It is a perspective view of the movable type | formula of the chuck | zipper apparatus. FIG. It is a permeation | transmission disassembled perspective view of the case part and base part vicinity of the same movable type gold | metal | money. It is a permeation | transmission exploded perspective view of the case part vicinity. It is radial direction sectional drawing of the same movable type gold | metal | money. It is a perspective view of the movable nail | claw of the chuck | zipper apparatus. It is a transmission exploded perspective view of the same movement type nail. It is a permeation | transmission exploded perspective view of the case part and base part vicinity of the said movement type nail | claw. It is a permeation | transmission exploded perspective view of the case part vicinity. It is radial direction sectional drawing of the same movement type nail | claw. It is radial direction sectional drawing of the fixed type | mold gold | metal | money of the chuck | zipper apparatus in the positioning step of a workpiece | work holding method. It is radial direction sectional drawing of the movable type | mold gold | metal | money of the chuck | zipper apparatus in the step. It is radial direction sectional drawing of the movable nail | claw of the chuck | zipper apparatus in the step. It is radial direction sectional drawing of the movable type | mold gold | metal | money of the chuck | zipper apparatus in the adsorption | suction step of a workpiece | work holding method. It is radial direction sectional drawing of the movable nail | claw of the chuck | zipper apparatus in the step. It is an enlarged view in circle XXII of FIG. It is an enlarged view in the circle XXIII of FIG. It is radial direction sectional drawing of the movable type | mold gold | metal | money of the chuck | zipper apparatus in the fixing step of a workpiece | work holding method. It is radial direction sectional drawing of the movable nail | claw of the chuck | zipper apparatus in the step. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the movable type | formula of the chuck | zipper apparatus. (A) is a non-adsorption position. (B) is an adsorption position. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the movable nail | claw of the same chuck apparatus. (A) is a non-adsorption position. (B) is an adsorption position. It is radial direction sectional drawing of the movable type | mold gold | metal | money of the chuck | zipper apparatus of the lathe of 2nd embodiment in the positioning step of a workpiece | work holding method. It is radial direction sectional drawing of the same moving type | formula in the fixed step of a workpiece | work holding method. (A) is a schematic diagram of the lathe chuck device of the third embodiment in the fixing step of the work holding method. (B) is a schematic diagram of the chuck device during workpiece cutting. (C) is a schematic diagram of the chuck device after workpiece cutting.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the lathe of the present invention will be described. The following description also serves as an explanation of the chuck device of the present invention.

<First embodiment>
[Lathe configuration]
First, the configuration of the lathe of this embodiment will be described. In FIG. 1, the permeation | transmission perspective view of the lathe of this embodiment is shown. FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the lathe. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lathe 1 of this embodiment is a so-called vertical lathe in which a main shaft 51 extends in the vertical direction. The lathe 1 includes a chuck device 2, a tool table 3, a slide unit 4, a table 5, a control device 6, a bed 70, and a column 72.

(Table 5, bed 70)
The table 5 includes a table body 50 and a main shaft 51. The main shaft 51 is accommodated in the bed 70. The upper end of the main shaft 51 protrudes from the front upper surface of the bed 70. The table main body 50 is fixed to the upper end of the main shaft 51.

  A main shaft motor 710, an intermediate shaft 711, and the control device 6 are accommodated in the rear portion of the bed 70. A belt 712 is wound between the upper end of the drive shaft of the main shaft motor 710 and the upper end of the intermediate shaft 711. A belt 713 is wound between the lower end of the intermediate shaft 711 and the lower end of the main shaft 51. The driving force of the main shaft motor 710 is transmitted to the table main body 50 via the belt 712, the intermediate shaft 711, the belt 713, and the main shaft 51. That is, the table main body 50 can rotate around the axis of the main shaft 51 in the horizontal plane by the driving force of the main shaft motor 710.

(Column 72)
The column 72 is arranged at the front upper part of the rear part of the bed 70. The column 72 includes a ball screw portion 721 and an X-axis motor 722. The ball screw portion 721 extends in the left-right direction. The drive shaft of the X-axis motor 722 is connected to the shaft portion of the ball screw portion 721.

(Slide part 4, tool stand 3)
The slide unit 4 includes an X-axis slide unit 40, a Z-axis slide unit 41, a ball screw unit 402, and a Z-axis motor 403.

  The X-axis slide unit 40 includes an X-axis lower slide 720 and an X-axis slide 400. The X-axis lower slide 720 is fixed in front of the column 72. The X-axis lower slide 720 extends in the left-right direction (corresponding to the X-axis direction). The X-axis slide 400 is engaged with the X-axis lower slide 720. The X-axis slide 400 is movable in the left-right direction with respect to the X-axis lower slide 720. A nut portion of a ball screw portion 721 is attached to the X-axis slide 400. The driving force of the X-axis motor 722 is transmitted to the X-axis slide 400 via the shaft portion and the nut portion of the ball screw portion 721. That is, the X-axis slide 400 can move in the left-right direction by the driving force of the X-axis motor 722.

  The Z-axis slide unit 41 includes a Z-axis lower slide 401 and a Z-axis slide 410. The Z-axis lower slide 401 extends in the vertical direction (corresponding to the Z-axis direction). The Z-axis lower slide 401 is disposed in front of the X-axis slide 400. The ball screw portion 402 extends in the vertical direction. The Z-axis motor 403 is disposed at the upper end of the Z-axis lower slide 401. The drive shaft of the Z-axis motor 403 is connected to the shaft portion of the ball screw portion 402.

  The Z-axis slide 410 is engaged with the Z-axis lower slide 401. The Z-axis slide 410 is movable in the vertical direction with respect to the Z-axis lower slide 401. A nut portion of the ball screw portion 402 is attached to the Z-axis slide 410. The driving force of the Z-axis motor 403 is transmitted to the Z-axis slide 410 via the shaft portion and the nut portion of the ball screw portion 402. That is, the Z-axis slide 410 can be moved in the vertical direction by the driving force of the Z-axis motor 403.

  The tool table 3 is disposed at the lower end of the Z-axis slide 410. A tool 30 is attached to the tool table 3. The cutting tool 30 cuts the inner peripheral surface, the outer peripheral surface, and the end surface of the cylindrical workpiece W made of SUJ (JIS G4805 high carbon chrome bearing steel) material. The tool table 3 is driven in the biaxial direction by the X-axis slide part 40 in the left-right direction, by the Z-axis slide part 41 in the vertical direction.

(Control device 6)
As shown in FIG. 2, the control device 6 includes a computer 60, an input / output interface 61, a motor drive circuit, and an excitation unit drive circuit. The motor drive circuit is electrically connected to the X-axis motor 722, the Z-axis motor 403, and the main shaft motor 710. The excitation unit drive circuit is electrically connected to an excitation unit 24 of the chuck device 2 described later. The control device 6 operates the tool table 3 by driving the X-axis slide part 40 and the Z-axis slide part 41. In addition, the control device 6 performs on / off control of the excitation unit 24 (specifically, an electromagnet).

[Configuration of Chuck Device 2]
As shown in FIG. 1, the chuck device 2 (shown in a simplified manner in FIG. 1) is attached to a table body 50. For this reason, the chuck device 2 can rotate around the axis of the main shaft 51 in the horizontal plane by the driving force of the main shaft motor 710. The chuck device 2 holds and fixes the workpiece W from below and radially outside when the cutting tool 30 performs cutting on the workpiece W.

FIG. 3 shows a top view of the lathe chuck device of the present embodiment. Table 1 shows a circumferential arrangement list of the chuck device 2. The angles in Table 1 correspond to the angles in FIG. 3 (center angle of the chuck body 20).

  As shown in FIG. 3 and Table 1, the chuck device 2 includes a chuck main body 20, three fixed hammers 21, twelve movable claws 22, nine movable hammers 23, An excitation unit 24, lock mechanism units 25 and 26, twelve separators 28, and twenty-four guide units 29 are provided.

(Chuck body 20, excitation part 24, separator 28, guide part 29)
The chuck body 20 is made of SC (JIS G4051 carbon steel for machine structure) and has a disk shape. The chuck body 20 is attached to the table body 50 shown in FIG.

  The twenty-four guide portions 29 each have a groove shape with a T-shaped cross section. The guide portion 29 is recessed on the upper surface of the chuck body 20. The twenty-four guide portions 29 extend radially with respect to the center of the chuck body 20. The twenty-four guide portions 29 are arranged every 15 °.

  Each of the twelve separators 28 is made of epoxy resin and has a U-shape that opens outward in the radial direction. The separator 28 is embedded in the upper surface of the chuck body 20. The separator 28 is disposed so as to surround the radially inner end of the guide portion 29. The twelve separators 28 are arranged every 30 ° (0 ° position, 30 ° position...).

  The excitation unit 24 is an electromagnet. The excitation unit 24 includes magnetic poles (N pole and S pole). The N pole is disposed inside the U-shape of the separator 28. The S pole is disposed outside the U-shaped separator 28. For this reason, the N pole (0 ° position, 30 ° position...) And the S pole (15 ° position, 45 ° position...) Are alternately arranged every 15 °. Further, the N pole and the S pole that are adjacent in the circumferential direction are partitioned by a separator 28.

(Arrangement of fixed type 21, mobile claw 22, and mobile type 23)
In the section L1 between the 0 ° position and the 120 ° position, the fixed type 21 (0 ° position), the movable claw 22 (15 ° position), the movable type 23 (30 ° position), and the movable type Claw 22 (45 ° position), movable claw 23 (60 ° position), claw 22 (75 ° position), movable couch 23 (90 ° position), movable claw 22 (105 ° position), Each member is arranged at intervals of 15 ° in the order of the fixed award 21 (120 ° position). In the section L2 between the 120 ° position and the 240 ° position and the section L3 between the 240 ° position and the 360 ° position, the members are similarly arranged.

(Fixed type 21)
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the fixed type of the lathe chuck device of the present embodiment. FIG. 5 shows a transparent exploded perspective view of the fixed type gold. FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view in the radial direction of the fixed type gold. As shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6, the fixed type abutment 21 includes a fixed type holding part 210, two guided parts 211, and two bolts 212.

  The fixed holding part 210 is made of SC material and has a rectangular parallelepiped block shape. The fixed holding unit 210 is disposed above the guide unit 29. On the radially inner side of the upper surface of the fixed holding unit 210, a flat fixed holding surface 210a is arranged one step higher. As shown in FIG. 3, the fixed holding surface 210a holds the lower end surface of the workpiece W from below. The lower end surface of the workpiece W is included in the concept of the “axial end surface” of the present invention.

  The two guided portions 211 are each made of SC material and have a T-shaped cross section. The guided portion 211 is disposed inside the guide portion 29. The guided portion 211 is slidable in the radial direction along the guide portion 29. The two bolts 212 connect the fixed holding part 210 and the two guided parts 211 in the vertical direction.

  According to the diameter of the workpiece W, the fixed type gold 21 can move in the radial direction along the guide portion 29 in a state where the bolt 212 is loosened. By tightening the bolt 212, the radial position of the fixed type metal 21 can be determined.

(Moving 23)
FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of the movable type of the lathe chuck device of the present embodiment. FIG. 8 shows a transparent exploded perspective view of the movable type gold. FIG. 9 shows a transparent exploded perspective view in the vicinity of the case portion and the base portion of the movable type gold. FIG. 10 shows a transparent exploded perspective view of the vicinity of the case portion. FIG. 11 shows a cross-sectional view in the radial direction of the movable type gold.

  As shown in FIG. 7 to FIG. 11, the movable type money 23 includes a case part 230, two guided parts 231, two bolts 232, a base part 233, two bolts 234, A movable holding unit 235, a shaft 236, a bolt 236c, a collar 237, a guide plate 238, and two bolts 238b are provided. The case part 230 is included in the concept of the “sliding member made of magnetic material” of the present invention.

  As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the base portion 233 is made of SC material and has a flat plate shape. The base part 233 includes a rectangular window part 233a. The base part 233 is disposed above the guide part 29.

  The case part 230 is made of SC material and has a block shape. The case part 230 is disposed on the upper surface of the base part 233. The two bolts 234 connect the case portion 230 and the base portion 233 in the vertical direction. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the case portion 230 includes a holding portion insertion hole 230a and a lock mechanism portion insertion hole 230c. The holding part insertion hole 230a penetrates the case part 230 in the vertical direction. An enlarged diameter portion 230b is disposed at the lower end of the holding portion insertion hole 230a. The lock mechanism portion insertion hole 230c extends in the radial direction. The radially outer end of the lock mechanism portion insertion hole 230 c opens to the radially outer surface of the case portion 230. The radially inner end of the lock mechanism portion insertion hole 230c communicates with an intermediate portion of the holding portion insertion hole 230a. That is, the holding portion insertion hole 230a and the lock mechanism portion insertion hole 230c communicate with each other in a T shape.

  As shown in FIGS. 7, 8, and 11, the two guided portions 231 are each made of SC material and have a T-shaped cross section. The guided portion 231 is disposed inside the guide portion 29. The guided portion 231 can slide in the radial direction along the guide portion 29. Of the two bolts 232, the long-axis bolt 232 on the radially inner side connects the case portion 230, the base portion 233, and the guided portion 211 in the vertical direction. Of the two bolts 232, the short-axis bolt 232 on the radially outer side connects the base portion 233 and the guided portion 211 in the vertical direction.

  The movable abutment 23 is movable in the radial direction along the guide portion 29 in a state where the bolt 232 is loosened according to the diameter of the workpiece W. By retightening the bolts 232, the radial position of the movable abutment 23 can be determined.

  As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the movable holding portion 235 is made of SC material and has a columnar shape extending in the vertical direction. The movable holding part 235 is inserted into the holding part insertion hole 230a. The movable holding portion 235 includes a movable holding surface 235a, a shaft housing recess 235b, a tapered surface 235c, and a flange portion 235d. The flange portion 235d is disposed at the lower end of the movable holding portion 235. The flange portion 235d is accommodated in the enlarged diameter portion 230b. The flange portion 235 d prevents the movable holding portion 235 from dropping off from the case portion 230. The movable holding surface 235a has a planar shape. The movable holding surface 235 a is disposed on the upper surface (top surface) of the movable holding portion 235. As shown in FIG. 3, the movable holding surface 235a holds the lower end surface of the workpiece W from below. Returning to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, the shaft housing recess 235 b is opened on the lower surface of the movable holding unit 235. The tapered surface 235 c that is pointed downward from above is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the movable holding portion 235. The tapered surface 235c is exposed at the radially inner end of the lock mechanism portion insertion hole 230c.

  The collar 237 is made of SC material and has a cylindrical shape extending in the vertical direction. The collar 237 is disposed inside the shaft housing recess 235b.

  The shaft 236 is made of SC material and has a columnar shape extending in the vertical direction. The shaft 236 includes a trunk portion 236a and a neck portion 236b. The body 236a is disposed inside the shaft housing recess 235b (specifically, the collar 237). The neck portion 236b is disposed at the lower end of the trunk portion 236a. The neck 236b has a smaller diameter than the body 236a. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 11, the neck portion 236 b is disposed in the window portion 233 a of the base portion 233.

  As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the guide plate 238 is made of SC material and has a rectangular plate shape. The guide plate 238 is disposed in the window portion 233a of the base portion 233. The guide plate 238 includes a guide portion 238a. The guide portion 238 a is recessed at the radially inner edge of the guide plate 238. The guide part 238a extends in the radial direction. The guide plate 238 prevents the movable holding portion 235 and the shaft 236 from dropping downward from the case portion 230. The two bolts 238b connect the case portion 230 and the guide plate 238 in the vertical direction. The bolt 236c extends in the vertical direction. The bolt 236c is screwed to the lower end surface of the neck portion 236b. The bolt 236c and the trunk 236a suppress the rattling of the neck 236b in the vertical direction with respect to the guide 238a.

(Lock mechanism 26)
As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the lock mechanism portion 26 includes a body portion 260 and a ball portion 261. The lock mechanism portion 26 is inserted through the lock mechanism portion insertion hole 230c. The trunk portion 260 is made of SC material and has a cylindrical shape extending in the radial direction. The screw portion on the outer peripheral surface of the body portion 260 is screwed into the screw portion on the inner peripheral surface of the lock mechanism portion insertion hole 230c. The ball portion 261 is made of SC material and has a true spherical shape. The ball part 261 is embedded in the radially inner end of the body part 260. The ball part 261 can rotate around its own sphere center. The ball portion 261 includes a cut surface 261a that is mold-symmetric on the tapered surface 235c. As shown in FIG. 11, the cut surface 261a comes into pressure contact with the tapered surface 235c by tightening the body portion 260 further.

(Movable nail 22)
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the movable claw of the lathe chuck device of the present embodiment. FIG. 13 shows a transparent exploded perspective view of the movable claw. FIG. 14 shows a transparent exploded perspective view of the vicinity of the case portion and the base portion of the movable claw. FIG. 15 is a transparent exploded perspective view of the vicinity of the case portion. FIG. 16 shows a radial sectional view of the movable claw.

  As shown in FIGS. 12 to 16, the movable claw 22 includes a case part 220, two guided parts 221, two bolts 222, a base part 223, two bolts 224, An expression holding unit 225, a shaft 226, a bolt 226c, a collar 227, a guide plate 228, and two bolts 228b are provided. The case part 220 is included in the concept of the “sliding member made of magnetic material” of the present invention.

  As shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, the base portion 223 is made of SC material and has a flat plate shape. The base part 223 is disposed above the guide part 29.

  The case part 220 is made of SC material, and has a T-shape with the center protruding upward as viewed from the circumferential right side or the circumferential left side. The case part 220 is disposed on the upper surface of the base part 223. The two bolts 224 connect the case part 220 and the base part 223 in the vertical direction. As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the case portion 220 includes a holding portion insertion hole 220a and a lock mechanism portion insertion hole 220c. The holding part insertion hole 220a penetrates the case part 220 in the radial direction. An enlarged diameter portion 220b is disposed at the radially outer end of the holding portion insertion hole 220a. The lock mechanism portion insertion hole 220c extends in the vertical direction. The upper end of the lock mechanism portion insertion hole 220 c is open on the upper surface of the case portion 220. The lower end of the lock mechanism portion insertion hole 220c communicates with an intermediate portion of the holding portion insertion hole 220a. That is, the holding portion insertion hole 220a and the lock mechanism portion insertion hole 220c communicate with each other in a T shape.

  As shown in FIGS. 12, 13, and 16, each of the two guided portions 221 is made of SC material and has a T-shaped cross section. The guided portion 221 is disposed inside the guide portion 29. The guided portion 221 is slidable in the radial direction along the guide portion 29. Of the two bolts 222, the long-axis bolt 222 on the radially inner side connects the case part 220, the base part 223, and the guided part 211 in the vertical direction. Of the two bolts 222, the short-axis bolt 222 on the radially outer side connects the base portion 223 and the guided portion 211 in the vertical direction.

  The movable claw 22 can move in the radial direction along the guide portion 29 with the bolt 222 loosened according to the diameter of the workpiece W. By tightening the bolt 222, the radial position of the movable claw 22 can be determined.

  As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the movable holding unit 225 is made of SC material and has a cylindrical shape extending in the radial direction. The movable holding part 225 is inserted into the holding part insertion hole 220a. The movable holding portion 225 includes a movable holding surface 225a, a shaft housing recess 225b, a tapered surface 225c, and a flange portion 225d. The flange portion 225d is disposed at the radially outer end of the movable holding portion 225. The flange portion 225d is accommodated in the enlarged diameter portion 220b. The flange portion 225d prevents the movable holding portion 225 from dropping out from the case portion 220 radially inward. The movable holding surface 225a has a planar shape. The movable holding surface 225 a is disposed on the radially inner end surface of the movable holding portion 225. As shown in FIG. 3, the movable holding surface 225a holds the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W from the radially outer side. The outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W is included in the concept of the “side peripheral surface” of the present invention. Returning to FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, the shaft housing recess 225 b is open to the radially outer end surface of the movable holding unit 225. A tapered surface 225 c that sharpens from the radially inner side toward the radially outer side is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the movable holding unit 225. The tapered surface 225c is exposed at the lower end of the lock mechanism portion insertion hole 220c.

  The collar 227 is made of SC material and has a cylindrical shape extending in the radial direction. The collar 227 is disposed inside the shaft housing recess 225b.

  The shaft 226 is made of SC material and has a cylindrical shape extending in the radial direction. The shaft 226 includes a trunk portion 226a and a neck portion 226b. The body portion 226a is disposed inside the shaft housing recess 225b (specifically, the collar 227). The neck portion 226b is disposed at the radially outer end of the body portion 226a. The neck 226b has a smaller diameter than the body 226a.

  As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the guide plate 228 is made of SC material and has a rectangular plate shape. The guide plate 228 includes a guide portion 228a. The guide portion 228a is recessed at the upper edge of the guide plate 228. The guide part 228a extends in the vertical direction. The guide plate 228 prevents the movable holding part 225 and the shaft 226 from falling off the case part 220 radially outward. The two bolts 228b connect the case portion 220 and the guide plate 228 in the radial direction. The bolt 226c extends in the radial direction. The bolt 226c is screwed to the radially outer end surface of the neck portion 226b. The bolt 226c and the body portion 226a prevent the neck portion 226b from rattling in the radial direction with respect to the guide portion 228a.

(Lock mechanism 25)
As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the lock mechanism portion 25 includes a body portion 250 and a ball portion 251. The lock mechanism portion 25 is inserted through the lock mechanism portion insertion hole 220c. The trunk | drum 250 is a product made from SC material, Comprising: The column shape extended in an up-down direction is exhibited. The threaded portion on the outer peripheral surface of the body portion 250 is screwed into the threaded portion on the inner peripheral surface of the lock mechanism portion insertion hole 220c. The ball portion 251 is made of SC material and has a true spherical shape. The ball portion 251 is embedded in the lower end of the body portion 250. The ball portion 251 is rotatable around its own sphere center. The ball portion 251 includes a cut surface 251a that is mold-symmetric on the tapered surface 225c. As shown in FIG. 16, by tightening the body portion 250, the cut surface 251a comes into pressure contact with the tapered surface 225c.

[Work holding method]
Next, a work holding method using the lathe of this embodiment will be described. The work holding method includes a positioning step, a suction step, and a fixing step.

(Positioning step)
FIG. 17 is a radial cross-sectional view of the fixed type of the lathe chuck device of the present embodiment in the positioning step of the work holding method. FIG. 18 shows a radial cross-sectional view of the movable type of the chuck device in the same step. FIG. 19 shows a radial cross-sectional view of the movable claw of the chuck device in the same step.

  In this step, first, as shown in FIG. 3, the three fixed types 21, twelve types of movable claws 22, and nine types of movable types 23 are slid along the guide portion 29. Thus, in accordance with the diameter of the workpiece W, the radial positions of the three fixed type 21, twelve movable claws 22 and nine movable type 23 are determined.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 17, the lower end surface of the workpiece W is placed on the fixed holding surfaces 210 a of the three fixed abutments 21. The lower end surface of the workpiece W is supported at least at three points by three fixed holding surfaces 210a.

  Subsequently, the operator rotates the main shaft 51 while bringing the dial gauge (indicator) tentacle attached to the Z-axis slide 410 shown in FIG. 1 into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece W. Then, the radial center of the workpiece W and the rotation center of the main shaft 51 are matched.

  As shown in FIG. 18, the movable holding part 235 of the movable type money 23 is normally waiting at the non-adsorption position. At the non-adsorption position, the movable holding surface 235a is spaced downward by a gap G1 with respect to the lower end surface of the workpiece W (that is, the fixed holding surface 210a shown in FIG. 17).

  As shown in FIG. 19, the movable holding part 225 of the movable claw 22 is normally waiting at the non-adsorption position. At the non-adsorption position, the movable holding surface 225a is separated from the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W by a gap G2 radially outward.

(Adsorption step)
FIG. 20 is a radial cross-sectional view of the movable type of the lathe chuck device of the present embodiment in the adsorption step of the work holding method. FIG. 21 is a radial sectional view of the movable claw of the chuck device in the same step.

  In this step, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the control device 6 turns on the electromagnet of the excitation unit 24. When the electromagnet is turned on, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 17, the three fixed-type metal plates 21 are excited and magnetized by the generated magnetic field. Here, the workpiece W is placed on the three fixed abutting plates 21. For this reason, the workpiece W is also excited and magnetized. That is, the workpiece W becomes a magnet.

  When the workpiece W is magnetized, as shown in FIG. 20, the movable holding portion 235 of the movable pad 23 is raised by the magnetic force of the workpiece W and is attracted to the lower end surface of the workpiece W. That is, the movable holding unit 235 moves from the non-suction position to the suction position.

  Similarly, when the workpiece W is magnetized, the movable holding portion 225 of the movable claw 22 moves radially inward by the magnetic force of the workpiece W and is attracted to the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W as shown in FIG. . That is, the movable holding unit 235 moves from the non-suction position to the suction position.

(Fixed step)
FIG. 22 shows an enlarged view in a circle XXII in FIG. FIG. 23 shows an enlarged view in a circle XXIII in FIG. FIG. 24 shows a radial cross-sectional view of the movable type of the lathe chuck device of the present embodiment in the fixing step of the work holding method. FIG. 25 is a radial cross-sectional view of the movable claw of the chuck device in the same step.

  As illustrated in FIG. 22, when the movable holding unit 235 moves, a gap G3 is generated between the cut surface 261a of the lock mechanism unit 26 and the tapered surface 235c of the movable holding unit 235. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 23, when the movable holding unit 225 moves, a gap G4 is generated between the cut surface 251a of the lock mechanism unit 25 and the tapered surface 225c of the movable holding unit 225.

  In this step, as shown in FIG. 24, the cut surface 261a is brought into pressure contact with the tapered surface 235c by tightening the body portion 260 of the lock mechanism portion 26. And the movable holding | maintenance part 235 is fixed in the state of the adsorption | suction position, ie, the state attracted | sucked to the lower end surface of the workpiece | work W. FIG. Similarly, in this step, as shown in FIG. 25, the cut surface 251 a is pressed against the tapered surface 225 c by tightening the body portion 250 of the lock mechanism portion 25. And the movable holding | maintenance part 225 is fixed in the state of an adsorption | suction position, ie, the state adsorbed to the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece | work W. FIG. In the work holding method, the work W is held from below and radially outside in this way.

  Thereafter, the lathe 1 shown in FIG. First, the control device 6 shown in FIG. 2 rotationally drives the table 5 shown in FIG. That is, the chuck device 2 and the workpiece W are rotated. Then, the control device 6 shown in FIG. 2 performs a predetermined cutting process on the workpiece W using the cutting tool 30 shown in FIG.

  When taking out the processed workpiece W from the lathe 1, first, the control device 6 turns off the electromagnet of the exciting unit 24 to release the attracting force of the movable holding units 235 and 225 with respect to the workpiece W. Next, the body portions 260 and 250 of the lock mechanism portions 26 and 25 are loosened, and the movable holding portions 235 and 225 are moved from the suction position to the non-suction position. The movable holding unit 235 falls to the non-adsorption position due to its own weight. Finally, the workpieces W placed on the three fixed abutments 21 are taken out.

[Function and effect]
Next, the effect of the lathe of this embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 26 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the movable type of the lathe chuck device of the present embodiment. (A) shows a non-adsorption position, and (b) shows an adsorption position. FIG. 27 shows an operation explanatory view of the movable claw of the chuck device. (A) shows a non-adsorption position, and (b) shows an adsorption position. 26 and 27 correspond to FIG. 3 and Table 1.

  As shown in FIG. 26, according to the chuck device 2 of the present embodiment, even if the surface accuracy of the lower end surface of the workpiece W is poor, the movable holding portion 235 of the movable pad 23 on the lower end surface of the workpiece W. By adsorbing the workpiece W, the workpiece W can be held by the movable pad 23 following the shape of the lower end surface of the workpiece W.

  Similarly, as shown in FIG. 27, according to the chuck device 2 of the present embodiment, even when the surface accuracy of the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W is poor, the movable holding of the movable claw 22 on the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W is achieved. By adsorbing the portion 225, the workpiece W can be held by the movable claw 22 following the shape of the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W. This holding is performed by aligning the center of the workpiece W in the radial direction and the center of rotation of the main shaft 51 in a state where the workpiece W is held by the movable type 23 or lightly clamped by a conventional three-claw chuck or the like. The position of the workpiece W basically does not move with the holding force of the movable claw 22.

  Thus, according to the chuck device 2 of the present embodiment, the work W is distorted as compared with the case where the movable holding portions 235 and 225 are pressed and driven from the opposite side of the work by fluid pressure or elastic force. Hard to do. Therefore, even if the magnetic force is released after processing, the workpiece W is not easily deformed. Therefore, the machining accuracy of the workpiece W is improved.

  Further, the movable holding units 235 and 225 are attracted to the workpiece W by the magnetic force from the workpiece W that is the holding target. For this reason, it is difficult to generate a gap between the movable holding units 235 and 225 and the workpiece W. Therefore, the workpiece W can be securely held during processing. Further, since the movable holding unit 235 is attracted and moved by the magnetic force from the workpiece W, the workpiece W is hardly lifted up from the fixed holding unit 210 even when the workpiece W is light.

  In addition, since the movable holding portions 235 and 225 move due to the magnetic force from the workpiece W, the operation reliability of the movable holding portions 235 and 225 is higher than when a pressing member such as a spring is used.

  Further, according to the chuck device 2 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, the movable holding portions 235 and 225 attracted to the workpiece W can be fixed by the lock mechanism portions 26 and 25. For this reason, the positions of the movable holding portions 235 and 225 held without giving distortion to the workpiece W do not move against the cutting load force or the centrifugal force due to the rotation when the workpiece W is processed.

  Further, according to the chuck device 2 of the present embodiment, when the workpiece W is cut by the lathe 1 shown in FIG. 1, the excitation unit 24 shown in FIG. 2 remains on. Also in this respect, the workpiece W can be firmly held during processing.

  If the workpiece W can be firmly held during processing, the workpiece W and the chuck device 2 are integrated, so that the mass of the workpiece W can be increased in a pseudo manner. Therefore, the workpiece is less likely to chatter during processing. Thus, according to the chuck device 2 of the present embodiment, the vibration attenuation of the workpiece W is high.

  Further, according to the chuck device 2 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 18 to 21, the driving force of the movable holding portions 235 and 225 when moving from the non-adsorption position to the adsorption position is the magnetic force from the workpiece W. It is. For this reason, even if the movable holding parts 235 and 225 reach the suction position, that is, even if the movable holding parts 235 and 225 are sucked to the workpiece W, as shown in FIG. Difficult to deviate from 210. In addition, according to the chuck device 2 of the present embodiment, the rough processing position of the workpiece W can be determined by the fixed holding unit 210.

  Further, according to the chuck device 2 of the present embodiment, the three fixed holding portions 210 are in contact with the lower end surface of the workpiece W as shown in FIGS. For this reason, the position of the contact point between the chuck device 2 and the workpiece W can be adjusted by the position of the fixed holding unit 210.

  Further, according to the chuck device 2 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 18 to 21, the case portions 230 and 220 that are in sliding contact with the movable holding portions 235 and 225 are made of SC material. For this reason, it becomes easy to form a magnetic circuit around the work body W, the chuck main body 20, the movable holding member (movable contact 23, movable claw 22). Since the SC material case portions 230 and 220 are fixedly disposed on the chuck body 20 side, the workpiece W, the movable holding member (movable contact 23, movable claw 22), and the chuck body 20 are magnetically attracted. Can be integrated.

  Further, according to the chuck device 2 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, there is a sliding interface between the movable holding portions 235 and 225 and the shafts 236 and 226 (collars 237 and 227). , Not open upward (work W side). For this reason, it is difficult for the processing waste of the workpiece W to enter the sliding interface.

  Further, according to the chuck device 2 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, the sliding interface between the shafts 236 and 226 (neck portions 236b and 226b) and the guide portions 238a and 228a is There is no opening upward (work W side). For this reason, it is difficult for the processing waste of the workpiece W to enter the sliding interface.

  Further, according to the chuck device 2 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 18 to 21, the movement direction of the movable holding portions 235 and 225 and the guide portions 238a and 228a when moving from the non-adsorption position to the adsorption position. The extending direction matches. For this reason, the movable holding | maintenance part 235,225 can be moved smoothly.

  Further, according to the chuck device 2 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 24, the cut surface 261a and the tapered surface 235c are moved with respect to the moving direction (vertical direction) of the movable holding unit 235 when the workpiece W is processed. It is in contact with the intersecting direction. For this reason, it is difficult for the movable holding part 235 to move downward during processing. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 25, when the workpiece W is processed, the cut surface 251a and the tapered surface 225c are in contact with each other in a direction intersecting the moving direction (radial direction) of the movable holding unit 225. For this reason, the movable holding part 225 is difficult to move radially outward during processing.

<Second embodiment>
The difference between the lathe according to this embodiment and the lathe according to the first embodiment is that the lock mechanism for the movable type gold is not a screw type but a link type. Here, only differences will be described.

  FIG. 28 shows a radial cross-sectional view of the movable type of the lathe chuck device of the present embodiment in the positioning step of the work holding method. In addition, about the site | part corresponding to FIG. 18, it shows with the same code | symbol. FIG. 29 is a radial cross-sectional view of the movable type of the lathe chuck device of the present embodiment in the fixing step of the work holding method. In addition, about the site | part corresponding to FIG. 24, it shows with the same code | symbol.

  As shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, a cylindrical collar 230 d is disposed inside the lock mechanism portion insertion hole 230 c of the case portion 230.

  The lock mechanism portion 27 includes a body portion 270, a ball portion 271, a case portion 272, a coil spring 273, a slider 274, a first arm 275, a second arm 276, a bracket 277, a grip 278, It has.

  The bracket 277 is made of SC material and has a C-shaped plate shape that opens downward. The bracket 277 is provided on the upper surface of the base portion 233. The second arm 276 is made of SC material and has a thin plate shape. The second arm 276 is rotatably attached to the bracket 277. The grip 278 is attached to the radially outer end of the second arm 276. The first arm 275 is made of SC material and has a thin plate shape. The radially outer end of the first arm 275 is swingably attached to the radially inner end of the second arm 276. The slider 274 is made of SC material and has a rod shape extending in the radial direction. The radially outer end of the slider 274 is swingably attached to the radially inner end of the first arm 275.

  The case portion 272 is made of SC material and has a cylindrical shape. The case portion 272 extends in the radial direction. The case portion 272 is inserted inside the lock mechanism portion insertion hole 230c (specifically, the collar 230d) so as to be capable of reciprocating in the radial direction. The coil spring 273 is accommodated at the radially outer end inside the case portion 272. The coil spring 273 is connected to the radially inner end of the slider 274. The trunk 270 is made of SC material and has a cylindrical shape. The body portion 270 is disposed inside the case portion 272 and inside the coil spring 273 in the radial direction. The ball part 271 is made of SC material and has a true spherical shape. The ball portion 271 is embedded in the radially inner end of the body portion 270. The ball part 271 is rotatable around its own sphere center. The ball portion 271 includes a cut surface 271a that is symmetrical to the taper surface 235c.

  As shown in FIG. 28, the mobile holding unit 235 of the mobile money 23 is normally waiting at the non-adsorption position. When the workpiece W is excited, the movable holding unit 235 rises and is attracted to the workpiece W. That is, the movable holding unit 235 moves from the non-suction position shown in FIG. 28 to the suction position shown in FIG. In this state, when an operator (or an L-shaped bar as a grip vertical movement member attached to the Z-axis slide 410 (see FIG. 1)) pushes down the grip 278, the second arm 276 is moved to FIGS. In the counterclockwise direction, the first arm 275 swings in conjunction with each other in the clockwise direction in FIGS. At this time, the radially inner end of the first arm 275 moves radially inward. For this reason, the slider 274 also moves inward in the radial direction, and the cut surface 271a of the ball portion 271 presses against the tapered surface 235c. The difference between the amount of movement of the slider 274 and the distance between the cut surface 271a and the tapered surface 235c is absorbed by the contraction of the coil spring 273.

  The lathe according to the present embodiment and the lathe according to the first embodiment have the same functions and effects with respect to parts having the same configuration. According to the lathe chuck device of the present embodiment, the movable holding portion 235 of the movable pad 23 can be fixed and released only by the operator moving the grip 278. For this reason, the releasing step of releasing the workpiece W after the fixing step and the fixing step of the workpiece holding method can be easily executed.

  In addition, when the grip 278 is lowered using an L-shaped bar attached to the Z-axis slide 410 (see FIG. 1), the X-axis operation and the Z-axis operation of the slide part 4 are used for the work holding method. The fixing step and the releasing step can be automatically executed.

<Third embodiment>
The difference between the lathe according to this embodiment and the lathe according to the first embodiment is that the lock mechanism for the movable type gold is not a screw type but an air type. Here, only differences will be described. In the description, FIG. 18 and FIG. 19 are used.

  FIG. 30A is a schematic diagram of the lathe chuck device of the present embodiment in the fixing step of the work holding method. FIG. 30B is a schematic diagram of the lathe chuck device of the present embodiment during workpiece cutting. FIG. 30C is a schematic diagram of the lathe chuck device of the present embodiment after the workpiece is cut. In addition, about the site | part corresponding to FIG. 26, FIG. 27, it shows with the same code | symbol.

  The lock mechanism portion 28a includes a pump 280, a solenoid valve 281, a movable claw side pipe 282, a movable gold side pipe 283, and an air cylinder (not shown). The pump 280 is connected to the body portion 250 (see FIG. 19, but not screwed into the lock mechanism portion insertion hole 220 c) disposed in the movable claw 22 via the electromagnetic valve 281 and the movable claw side pipe 282. It is connected to an air cylinder that can reciprocate. The pump 280 is screwed into the lock mechanism part insertion hole 230c via the electromagnetic valve 281 and the movable-type-plating side pipe 283, which is disposed on the movable-type box 23 (see FIG. 18). Is not connected to an air cylinder that can reciprocate.

  As shown in FIG. 30 (a), in the fixing step, first, the control device 6 is operated as an electromagnetic valve so that the pump 280 and the movable claw side pipe 282 and the movable metal side pipe 283 communicate with each other. 281 is switched. Next, the control device 6 drives the pump 280 to increase the internal pressures of the movable claw side pipe 282 and the movable metal side pipe 283 and drive the air cylinder. Then, as shown in FIG. 19, the movable holding unit 225 is fixed with the ball unit 251 in the suction position. Further, as shown in FIG. 18, the movable holding portion 235 is fixed at the suction position by the ball portion 261.

  As shown in FIG. 30 (b), during the workpiece cutting process, the control device 6 switches the electromagnetic valve 281 so as to seal the movable claw side pipe 282 and the movable metal side pipe 283. That is, the internal pressures of the movable claw side pipe 282 and the movable metal side pipe 283 are maintained, and the air cylinders, that is, the ball portions 251 and 261 are fixed.

  As shown in FIG. 30 (c), after the workpiece cutting process, the control device 6 is connected to the electromagnetic valve 281 so that the movable claw side pipe 282 and the movable metal side pipe 283 communicate with the outside. Switch. That is, the internal pressure of the movable claw side pipe 282 and the movable metal side pipe 283 is reduced, and the fixation of the air cylinders, that is, the ball portions 251 and 261 is released.

  The lathe according to the present embodiment and the lathe according to the first embodiment have the same functions and effects with respect to parts having the same configuration. According to the lathe chuck device of this embodiment, all operations after the workpiece W is placed on the chuck device can be automatically performed by the control device 6.

<Others>
The embodiments of the chuck device and the lathe according to the present invention have been described above. However, the embodiment is not particularly limited to the above embodiment. Various modifications and improvements that can be made by those skilled in the art are also possible.

  In the above embodiment, the material of the workpiece W is made of SUJ material. Further, the chuck body 20, the fixed holding part 210, the guided part 211, the base parts 233 and 223, the case parts 230 and 220, the guided parts 231 and 221, the movable holding parts 235 and 225, the collars 237 and 227, the shaft Materials such as 236 and 226, guide plates 238 and 228, body portions 260 and 250, and ball portions 261 and 251 were made of SC material. However, the material of these members is not particularly limited. It is only necessary to form a magnetic circuit via the workpiece W between the N pole and the S pole separated by the separator 28 shown in FIG. For example, any ferromagnetic material such as nickel, iron, cobalt, gadolinium, and an alloy containing one or more of these may be used. Further, the magnetization is generated when the excitation unit 24 shown in FIG. 2 is turned on, and the magnetization is 0 when the excitation unit 24 is turned off (or a residual magnetization that does not hinder the handling of the workpiece W may remain). Any soft magnetic material can be used.

  In the above embodiment, the material of the separator 28 shown in FIG. 3 is made of an epoxy resin, but may be made of other nonmagnetic materials such as a resin other than an epoxy resin, an elastomer, and the like.

  In the above embodiment, the excitation unit 24 shown in FIG. 3 is arranged in the chuck device 2, but the excitation unit 24 may be arranged in the slide unit 4 and the tool table 3 shown in FIG. 1. In this case, members that are not included in the magnetic circuit due to the method of forming the magnetic circuit (for example, the chuck body 20, the guided portion 211, the base portions 233 and 223, the case portions 230 and 220, the guided portions 231 and 221 and the collar 237). 227, shafts 236 and 226, guide plates 238 and 228, body portions 260 and 250, ball portions 261 and 251), etc. are made of stainless steel (SUS (for example, JIS G4303 G4304 G4305)) made of a non-magnetic material ( Austenite). Moreover, the fixed type gold | metal | money 21 is good also as a product made from a nonmagnetic material (austenite type). Further, a turret (swivel) tool table may be used as the tool table 3.

  In the above embodiment, the case portions 230 and 220 are made of SC material (made of magnetic material), but the case portions 230 and 220 may be made of nonmagnetic material such as stainless steel (austenite). In this case, the case portions 230 and 220 are included in the concept of “a sliding member made of a nonmagnetic material” of the present invention. If it carries out like this, the processing waste of the workpiece | work W will be hard to adsorb | suck to the case parts 230 and 220. FIG. For this reason, the maintenance of the chuck device 2 is easy. In addition, the movement of the movable holding portions 235 and 225 is hardly hindered by the processing waste of the workpiece W.

  In the above embodiment, the lock mechanism portions 25 to 28 a are arranged in the chuck device 2, but the lock mechanism portions 25 to 28 a may not be arranged. In this case, the excitation unit 24 shown in FIG. 2 also serves as the lock mechanism units 25 to 28a. That is, the movable holding units 235 and 225 are fixed at the suction position by the magnetic force of the excitation unit 24.

  In the above embodiment, the lathe of the present invention is embodied as a vertical lathe shown in FIG. 1, but may be embodied as a horizontal lathe in which the main shaft 51 extends in the horizontal direction. In the above embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W is held by the movable claw 22, but the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece W may be held.

  In the above embodiment, both the movable claw 22 and the movable pad 23 are arranged in the chuck device 2, but only one of them may be arranged. For example, when the load resistance of the workpiece W in the radial direction is high, a claw that clamps and fixes the workpiece W from the outside in the radial direction using a pressing force may be used instead of the movable claw 22 using magnetic force.

  In the positioning step of the work holding method according to the above embodiment, the sliding method of the fixed-type metal 21, the movable claw 22, and the movable-type metal 23 is not particularly limited. You may slide the fixed type | formula money 21, the movable nail | claw 22, and the movable type | formula money 23 one by one. Alternatively, a plurality of the fixed type bucks 21, the movable claws 22, and the mobile type prizes 23 may be slid in synchronization.

  The link mechanism shown in FIGS. 28 and 29 of the second embodiment is not particularly limited. The slider 274 may be moved. For example, a three-point link or a four-point link may be used. Further, a boosting mechanism such as a toggle mechanism may be used.

  In the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, the operator moves the grip 278. However, the grip 278 is driven by driving the tool table 3 shown in FIG. 1 by the control device 6 shown in FIG. You may move. 28 and 29 of the second embodiment, the lock mechanism 27 may be used for fixing the movable holding portion 225 of the movable claw 22 shown in FIG.

  In the third embodiment, the ball portions 251 and 261 are driven by air, but the ball portions 251 and 261 are driven by another fluid (gas (nitrogen, inert gas, etc.), liquid (water, oil, etc.)). May be.

  Examples of the workpiece W include a thin bearing (outer ring, inner ring), a cover of a torque converter, and the like.

1: Lathe, 2: Chuck device, 3: Tool stand, 4: Slide part, 5: Table, 6: Control device.
20: Chuck body, 21: Fixed type, 22: Mobile claw, 23: Mobile type, 24: Excitation, 25-27: Lock mechanism, 28: Separator, 28a: Lock mechanism, 29: Guide part, 30: Bite, 40: X-axis slide part, 41: Z-axis slide part, 50: Table body, 51: Spindle, 60: Computer, 61: Input / output interface, 70: Bed, 72: Column.
210: Fixed holding portion, 210a: Fixed holding surface, 211: Guided portion, 212: Bolt, 220: Case portion (sliding member made of magnetic material), 220a: Holding portion insertion hole, 220b: Expanded portion 220c: Lock mechanism part insertion hole, 221: Guided part, 222: Bolt, 223: Base part, 224: Bolt, 225: Mobile holding part, 225a: Mobile holding surface, 225b: Shaft receiving recess, 225c: Tapered surface, 225d: flange portion, 226: shaft, 226a: trunk portion, 226b: neck portion, 226c: bolt, 227: collar, 228: guide plate, 228a: guide portion, 228b: bolt, 230: case portion (magnetic) Sliding member made of material), 230a: holding portion insertion hole, 230b: enlarged diameter portion, 230c: locking mechanism portion insertion hole, 230d: collar, 231: covered 232: Bolt 233: Base portion 233a: Window portion 234: Bolt 235: Mobile holding portion 235a: Mobile holding surface 235b: Shaft receiving recess 235c: Tapered surface 235d: Flange portion 236: shaft, 236a: trunk, 236b: neck, 236c: bolt, 237: collar, 238: guide plate, 238a: guide, 238b: bolt, 250: trunk, 251: ball, 251a: cut Surface, 260: barrel portion, 261: ball portion, 261a: cut surface, 270: barrel portion, 271: ball portion, 271a: cut surface, 272: case portion, 273: coil spring, 274: slider, 275: first Arm, 276: second arm, 277: bracket, 278: grip, 280: pump, 281: solenoid valve, 282: Dynamic claw side piping, 283: Moving gold side piping, 400: X axis slide, 401: Z axis lower slide, 402: Ball screw part, 403: Z axis motor, 410: Z axis slide, 710: Main shaft motor 711: Intermediate shaft, 712: Belt, 713: Belt, 720: X-axis lower slide, 721: Ball screw part, 722: X-axis motor.
G1-G4: Gap, L1-L3: Section, W: Workpiece.

Claims (10)

A movable holding member having a chuck body, a movable holding portion that is disposed on the chuck body and holds a workpiece made of a magnetic material, and a fixed holding portion that is disposed on the chuck body and abuts against an axial end surface of the workpiece. A chuck device comprising:
The movable holding unit is made of a magnetic material, and is generated by exciting the work from a state separated from the work in a state where the axial end surface of the work is in contact with the fixed type gold. by the magnetic force from the workpiece, the chuck apparatus characterized by adsorbing to the workpiece. The chuck device according to claim 1, further comprising: a lock mechanism unit that fixes the movable holding unit that is attracted to the workpiece by pressing the movable holding unit against the movable holding unit .   The said movable holding member is at least one among the movable type gold | metal | money which hold | maintains the said axial direction end surface of the said workpiece | work, and the movable claw which hold | maintains the side peripheral surface of this workpiece | work. Chuck device. The movable holding member is the movable winning;
The movable holding portion of the movable type gold has a non-adsorption position that is set apart from the axial end surface of the workpiece in contact with the fixed holding portion in the axial direction, and the fixed holding portion. The chuck device according to claim 3, wherein the chuck device is capable of reciprocating between a suction position at which the work is in contact with a portion and sucked to the end surface in the axial direction. The movable holding member is the movable claw;
The movable holding portion of the movable claw includes a non-adsorption position set in a radial direction with respect to a side peripheral surface of the workpiece that is in contact with the fixed type gold, and a fixed holding portion. The chuck device according to claim 3, wherein the chuck device is capable of reciprocating between an adsorbing position adsorbing to the side peripheral surface of the abutted workpiece. Three of the fixed-type money are arranged,
The chuck device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the axial end surface of the workpiece abuts at least three points on the fixed holding portions of the three fixed abutments.   The chuck device according to claim 1, wherein the movable holding member includes a sliding member made of a magnetic material that is in sliding contact with the movable holding portion.   The chuck device according to claim 1, wherein the movable holding member includes a sliding member made of a nonmagnetic material that is in sliding contact with the movable holding portion. A chuck device according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
A tool table having a cutting tool for cutting the workpiece;
A slide part for moving the tool table in at least two axial directions;
A main shaft for rotating the chuck device around an axis;
Spindle fixed lathe equipped with The lathe according to claim 9, wherein the chuck device , the slide unit , or the tool table has an excitation unit that excites the workpiece by contacting the workpiece .

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