JP5796780B2 - Work press-fitting method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a work press-fitting method and apparatus used for press-fitting bearings and gears mounted on input / output shafts in automobile speed reducers and transmissions.

  2. Description of the Related Art In assembly lines such as reduction gears and transmissions mounted on automobiles and the like, press-fitting devices are used to press-fit components such as bearings and bearings to an input shaft or a counter shaft. Patent Documents 1 and 2 have been proposed as such press-fitting devices.

The press-fitting device disclosed in Patent Document 1 press-fits a bearing or gear, which is an annular workpiece temporarily fixed to a main shaft or counter shaft on a transmission, into a predetermined position in the axial direction of the main shaft or counter shaft. .
The press-fitting device disclosed in Patent Document 2 press-fits a main shaft bearing and a counter shaft bearing (annular workpiece) into bearing mounting holes of a transmission case, respectively.

JP 2010-82753 A JP-A-9-174358

  By the way, the press-fitting device described in Patent Document 1 press-fits an annular work serving as a bearing or a gear in a predetermined position in the axial direction of the main shaft or the countershaft, and the press-fitting device described in Patent Document 2 is a main press-fitting device. Annular workpieces that serve as shaft bearings and countershaft bearings are respectively press-fitted into bearing mounting holes of the transmission case.

  However, the press-fitting devices disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 press-fit one annular work into the bearing mounting hole of the main shaft, the counter shaft, or the transmission case. , Requiring multiple press-fitting steps. Since a plurality of press-fitting processes increase the number of assembling steps and reduce productivity, a press-fitting device or a press-fitting method that can reduce the press-fitting man-hours has been desired.

  In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention aims to reduce the number of press-fitting steps by press-fitting a plurality of annular workpieces such as bearings and gears into a shaft member incorporated in a reduction gear or a transmission in a single press-fitting process. For the purpose.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, a workpiece press-fitting device according to the present invention is a workpiece press-fitting device that press-fits an annular workpiece into a shaft member disposed in a speed reducer or a transmission of an automobile, and the shaft member includes a step. A pedestal for supporting a first annular work positioned on the base, covering the outer periphery of the first annular work supported by the pedestal, and A support surface is formed above the one annular workpiece and the upper surface of the second annular workpiece is abutted and supported on the upper surface, and an insertion hole through which the lower end of the shaft member can be inserted is formed on the support surface. A cradle and a pressing jig that engages with the upper end of the shaft member and pushes down the shaft member downward to give a pressure input. The cradle is divided into two parts and each is formed on the base. Guided horizontally by the relative movement means. Wherein the movably be configured to the the support position and the retracted position closing the.

  According to this invention, the shaft member is formed with a stepped portion, and the pedestal for supporting the first annular work positioned on the base is provided on and supported by the pedestal. And forming a support surface that covers the outer periphery of the first annular workpiece and is formed above the first annular workpiece so that the lower end surface of the second annular workpiece contacts and is supported on the upper surface. Since it includes a cradle having an insertion hole through which the lower end of the shaft member can be inserted, and a pressing jig that engages with the upper end of the shaft member and pushes down the shaft member downward to give pressure input. The shaft member is pressed downward through the tool, and the lower end of the shaft member can be press-fitted into the through hole of the second annular work supported by the support surface of the cradle. That is, the cradle supports the pressing force against the second annular workpiece.

Further, according to the present invention, the cradle is divided into two parts, each guided by a guide portion formed on the base, and opened and closed in a horizontal direction by a relative movement means so as to be movable between a support position and a retracted position. Therefore, after the lower end of the shaft member is press-fitted into the insertion hole of the second annular workpiece, the cradle is opened in the horizontal direction by the relative movement means and moved to the retracted position. The lower end of the shaft member can be press-fitted into the insertion hole of the first annular workpiece supported on the pedestal. That is, the pressing force for the first annular work is supported on the base by the pedestal.
With the support by the pedestal and the support by the base, the second annular work and the first annular work can be continuously press-fitted into the shaft member in a single press-fitting process.

Preferably, in the present invention, a hollow guide hole having a predetermined depth is formed at a lower end portion of the shaft member, and a vertical support shaft that can be inserted into the guide hole is provided upright on the pedestal. It is characterized by.
According to such a configuration, when the cradle is divided by the relative movement means and moved to the retracted position, the vertical support shaft standing on the pedestal is inserted and held in the guide hole and supported by the vertical support shaft. The shaft member can be stably erected and held.

In the present invention, preferably, a plurality of shaft members are installed on the base, and the first annular workpiece and the second annular workpiece are press-fitted simultaneously into each of the plurality of shaft members. And
According to such a configuration, a plurality of shafts such as an input shaft and an output shaft constituting the transmission are installed on the base, and the first annular workpiece and the second annular workpiece are simultaneously press-fitted into each shaft. Thus, the press-fitting man-hour can be further reduced.

The work press-fitting method according to the present invention is a work press-fitting method for press-fitting an annular work into a shaft member arranged in a speed reducer or a transmission of an automobile,
A step of supporting the first annular work on a pedestal fixed on the base; and a second annular covering the outer periphery of the first annular work and formed above the first annular work on the support surface of the cradle A step of supporting the workpiece, a step of inserting the lower end of the shaft member into the insertion hole of the second annular workpiece supported by the support surface of the cradle and press-fitting it until it contacts the stepped portion of the shaft member; After the shaft member is press-fitted into the insertion hole of the two annular workpieces, the step of moving the cradle in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the shaft member and evacuating the pedestal is supported on the pedestal after the cradle is retracted And press-fitting the lower end of the shaft member into the insertion hole of the first annular work, and press-fitting the second annular work and the first annular work into the shaft member continuously in a single press-fitting process. It is characterized by that.
According to this invention, the shaft member can be sequentially press-fitted in a single press-fitting step into the first and second annular workpieces supported on the vertical axis as described in the device invention. Thereby, the press-fitting man-hour can be reduced.

As described above, according to the present invention, when the shaft member is pressed downward, the shaft member moves until the upper end surface of the second annular workpiece comes into contact with the stepped portion. Next, the shaft member is pressed downward while the cradle is moved to the retracted position by the action of the relative moving means. Thereby, the lower end of the shaft member is inserted into the insertion hole of the first annular workpiece.
As described above, the shaft member can be sequentially press-fitted into the first and second shaft-like workpieces supported on the vertical axis in a single press-fitting process. In other words, the first and second annular workpieces can be sequentially press-fitted into the shaft member in a single press-fitting process.

  Therefore, it is possible to reduce the press-fitting man-hours by press-fitting a plurality of annular workpieces such as bearings and gears into a shaft member incorporated in the speed reducer or transmission in a single press-fitting process.

  Also in the work press-fitting method according to the present invention, as described above, the first and second annular works can be sequentially press-fitted into the shaft member in a single press-fitting process. Thereby, the press-fitting man-hour can be reduced.

It is a fragmentary sectional view of the reduction device of an electric vehicle in which the annular work used as the press fit object concerning one embodiment of the present invention was built. It is explanatory drawing which shows the cross section of the workpiece press-fit apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and shows the press-fit process which press-fits the 1st-3rd cyclic | annular workpiece | work used as press-fit object to a shaft member. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. 1 is a plan view of a workpiece press-fitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is BB sectional drawing of FIG. It is CC sectional drawing of FIG. It is DD sectional drawing of FIG. It is an example of the mounting tool which press-fits a 3rd annular workpiece. It is a modification of the mounting tool which press-fits a 3rd annular workpiece.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. However, as long as there is no specific description, the dimensions, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely illustrative examples. Absent.

  FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a reduction device for an electric vehicle in which a work to be press-fitted according to an embodiment of the present invention is incorporated, and FIG. 2 shows a cross-section of the work press-fitting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a plan view of the work press-fitting device, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 4, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD in FIG.

  The partial cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 1 shows the internal structure of the speed reducer 1. The speed reducer 1 includes an input shaft 5 that transmits power from a motor (not shown), and an output shaft (not shown) of the speed reducer 1. A differential 6 to be connected and a countershaft 4 that connects the input shaft 5 and the differential 6 are incorporated in the gear case 2.

Further, the countershaft (first shaft member 4) is integrally formed with a small gear 8 at one end side, and both ends are rotatably supported by third and fourth bearings B3 and B4. Both ends of the input shaft (second shaft member 5) are rotatably supported by the first and second bearings B1 and B2, and a small gear 12 is integrally formed in the middle. The small gear 12 meshes with a gear 10 mounted in the middle of the counter shaft 4.
In the workpiece press-fitting device shown in FIG. 2, reference numeral 15 denotes a base, and a pair of guide rails 20a to 20d are linearly arranged on the upper surface of the base 15 (not shown in FIG. 2). Guided by the rails 20a to 20d, rectangular slide bases 22a and 22b are provided so as to be relatively movable in the left-right direction with the intermediate divided portion S as a boundary.

Both sides of the slide bases 22a and 22b are slidably supported by slide plates 25a and 25b attached to the upper surface of the base 15 and having a small friction coefficient.
In FIG. 2, reference numeral 26 denotes a cradle that supports the lower end of the second annular workpiece (gear G <b> 1) when the second annular workpiece (gear G <b> 1) (described later) is press-fitted into the first shaft member 4.
The pedestal 26 includes two divided pedestals 26a and 26b that are divided in the radial direction from the center (see FIG. 4). The divided pedestals 26a and 26b are divided portions of the slide bases 22a and 22b. It is respectively attached to the upper surfaces of both sides with S by bolts.

3 is a cradle that supports the lower end of the second annular workpiece G when a second annular workpiece (gear G2) (described later) is press-fitted into the second shaft member 5.
The cradle 28 includes two split cradles 28a and 28b which are divided into two in the radial direction from the center. The split cradles 28a and 28b are arranged on both sides of the split part S of the slide bases 22a and 22b. Are attached to the upper surface of each by bolts.
The inter-axis distance between the first shaft member 4 and the second shaft member 5 on the base 15 is the inter-axis distance in the workpiece press-fitting device, and the first shaft member 4 and the second shaft member 5 incorporated in the speed reduction device 1. It is installed without the same distance between the shafts.

Next, the relative movement means R that opens and closes the receiving bases 26 and 28 from the dividing part S by relative movement will be described with reference to FIGS.
The relative movement means is shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5 (BB sectional view of FIG. 4), and FIG. The relative movement means R is constituted by a rack and pinion mechanism, which allows the two rack bars 30a and 30b to move relative to the brackets 32a and 32b mounted on the base 15. For example, it is slidably supported via a metal bearing.

Rack teeth are formed on the opposing surfaces of the two rack bars 30a and 30b that are arranged to face each other vertically, and a pinion gear 34 meshes with an intermediate portion between the rack bars 30a and 30b.
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, a guide block 37 is fixed on the base 15, and the pinion gear 34 is rotatably supported by shafts 34a and 34b protruding from both sides.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, when a pair of rack bars 30a and 30b are arranged one above the other (upper) when the one (lower) rack bar 30a is pressed in the arrow direction (left direction), the other (upper) rack bar 30b is opposite. Relatively move the same distance in the arrow direction (left direction). Then, the cradle 26, 28 moves to the retracted position and the support position.

4 to 6, a pair of arms 38 and 39 are attached to the pair of rack bars 30a and 30b in an offset state in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction.
The distal ends of the arms 38 and 39 are attached to the upper surfaces of slide bases 22a and 22b that are arranged in the left-right direction with respect to the divided portion S of the cradle 26 that supports the lower end of the second annular workpiece G.

Similarly, a pair of arms 40, 41 are attached to the pair of rack bars 30a, 30b (see FIG. 5) in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction, and the tips of the arms 40, 41 are Attached to the upper surfaces of slide bases 22a and 22b arranged in the left-right direction with reference to the divided portion S of the cradle 28 that supports the lower end of the second annular workpiece G.
Further, the pedestals 26 and 28 that support the first and second shaft members 4 and 5 disposed on the left and right sides of the base 15 are minutely divided into two divided sections S as shown in FIG. A gap is formed.

Further, in FIG. 4, a fixed block 35a is provided on the inner side in the axial direction of the lower rack bar 30a to which the arm 38 is attached with reference to the divided portion S, and a fixed block 35b is provided on the inner side in the axial direction of the upper rack bar 30b to which the arm 39 is attached. Each is attached by a clamp.
Further, the fixed block 36a is clamped on the inner side in the axial direction of the lower rack bar 30a to which the arm 40 is attached based on the divided portion S, and the fixed block 36b is clamped on the inner side in the axial direction of the upper rack bar 30b to which the arm 39 is attached. Installed.
As described above, the pair of arms 38 and 39 can adjust the minute interval of the cradle 26 by contacting the fixed blocks 35a and 35b with the heads of the contact screws.
The pair of arms 40 and 41 can adjust the minute interval of the cradle 28 by contacting the fixed blocks 36a and 36b with the heads of the contact screws.

Next, a method of press-fitting the first annular work (first bearing B1), the second annular work (gear G1), and the third annular work (second bearing B2) into the first shaft member 4, and the second shaft member 5 A method for press-fitting the first annular work (first bearing B1), the second annular work (gear G1), and the third annular work (second bearing B2) will be described with reference to FIG.
2 and 3, the left side shows the first step and the right side shows the second step with the center line as a reference.

First, a first bearing (first annular work) B1 is supported on the concave support portion of the pedestal 23 dedicated to the first shaft member 4, and a vertical support shaft 50 is provided at the center of the bottom surface of the concave support portion. It stands up through the insertion port of one bearing B1.
The vertical support shaft 50 is inserted into a guide hole 4 a having a predetermined depth formed at the lower end of the first shaft member 4 to vertically hold the first shaft member 4. A first bearing (first annular workpiece) B1 is supported by the concave support portion.
A second annular work (gear G1) is supported on the support surface 29 of the divided receiving bases 26a and 26b covering the outer periphery of the pedestal 23, and the vertical support shaft 50 is inserted through the insertion hole of the gear G1. ing.

Next, when the vertical support shaft 50 inserted upward from the insertion hole of the gear G1 is inserted into the guide hole 4a at the lower end of the first shaft member 4, the first shaft member 4 is attached to the upper end of the mounting tool J1. Is pressed from above by a pressing jig H. This pressing force is supported by the support surface 29 of the cradle 26. The lower end of the first shaft member 4 is press-fitted into the insertion hole of the second annular work (gear G1) by the pressing force.
The first shaft member 4 press-fitted into the insertion hole of the second annular workpiece (gear G1) moves downward until the lower end surface (stepped portion) of the small gear 52 contacts. The press-fitting operation of the third annular workpiece (second bearing B2) inserted into the upper end of the first shaft member 4 will be described later with reference to FIGS.

On the other hand, a vertical support shaft 50 stands upright through the insertion port of the third bearing B3 on the central upper surface of the base 27 dedicated to the second shaft member 5.
The vertical support shaft 50 is inserted into a guide hole 5 a having a predetermined depth formed at the lower end of the second shaft member 5 to hold the second shaft member 5 in an upright position. A bearing B3 (first annular work) is supported on the concave support portion.
Therefore, the second shaft member 5 is covered with a receiving base 28 whose outer periphery is divided into two in a state where the third bearing B3 (first annular work) attached to the lower end portion is supported on the upper surface of the base 27. A second annular work (gear G <b> 2) is supported on the support surface 29 on the upper surface of the split receiving base 28.

  Next, in a state where the lower end of the second shaft member 5 is inserted into the insertion hole of the gear G2, it is pressed from above by the pressing jig H via the mounting tool J2 mounted on the upper end of the second shaft member 5. Thus, the lower end of the second shaft member (input shaft) 5 is press-fitted.

  In the next process, the lower end of the second shaft member 5 is moved into the insertion hole of the gear G2 until the lower end surface (stepped portion) of the small gear 53 integrally formed at the center of the second shaft member 5 comes into contact. Press fit.

  In addition, the press-fitting process of the 3rd cyclic | annular workpiece | work (4th bearing B4) inserted by the upper end of the 2nd shaft member 5 is demonstrated in FIG. 8, FIG. FIG. 8 shows an example of a mounting tool used when the third annular work (fourth bearing B4) is press-fitted into the second shaft member 5, and FIG. 9 shows the third annular work (fourth bearing B4) as the second shaft member. FIG.

In FIG. 8, on the outer periphery of the pressing jig H mounted on the upper end of the second shaft member 5, a mounting tool J3 is held by frictional force so as to be slidable up and down. In this state, the mounting tool J3 is mounted on the upper surface of the bearing B4. The sleeve lower end of the wearing tool J3 is in contact.
Therefore, by pressing the mounting tool J3 downward by another drive source, the fourth bearing B4 is press-fitted downward until it comes into contact with the stepped portion 53a formed above the second shaft member 5. In other words, in this example, after being pressed into the third bearing B3 and the gear G2 by the pressing movement by the mounting tool J2, the fourth bearing B4 is press-fitted by the mounting tool J3.

Moreover, the mounting tool J4 of the modification shown in FIG. 9 is obtained by slightly extending the sleeve length of the mounting tool J2 described above.
The mounting tool J4 is sandwiched between the upper end of the second shaft member 5 and the lower end of the pressing jig H, and the lower end of the mounting tool J4 in this state is slightly smaller than the upper end of the fourth bearing B4. A gap is formed to face each other.

  First, by pressing and moving the mounting tool J4 downward by the pressing jig H, the lower surface of the fourth bearing B4 comes into contact with the stepped portion 53a of the second shaft member 5 against the frictional force. Move up. Further, when the pressure is moved, the gear G2 is press-fitted until it contacts the lower end surface (stepped portion) of the small gear 53.

  In the next step, the cradle 28 of the second shaft member 5 is moved relative to the retracted position in the left-right direction with the dividing portion S as a boundary. By moving the second shaft member 5 further downward in the opened state in this way, the third bearing B3 is press-fitted into the lower end of the second shaft member 5, and the third bearing B3 and gears are inserted into the second shaft member 5. The press-fitting work of G2 and the fourth bearing B4 is completed.

  As described above, the third bearing B3, the gear G2, and the fourth bearing B4 can be continuously press-fitted in a single press-fitting process in which the second shaft member 5 is moved downward in the axial direction. Thereby, the press-fitting man-hour can be reduced.

  According to the present invention, the press-fitting man-hour can be reduced by press-fitting a plurality of annular workpieces such as bearings and gears into a shaft member incorporated in the speed reducer or transmission in a single press-fitting process. The present invention is not limited to this, and can also be applied to the press-fitting of an annular work to a shaft member of a reduction gear or a transmission in a railway vehicle, a ship, an aircraft, or the like.

1 Reduction gear 4 First shaft member (counter shaft)
4a, 5a Guide hole 5 Second shaft member (input shaft)
8, 12 Small gear 15 Base 23, 27 Base 26, 28 Receiving base 29 Support surface 50 Vertical support shaft 53a Stepped portion B1 First bearing (first annular work)
B2 Second bearing (third annular workpiece)
B3 Third bearing (first annular workpiece)
B4 4th bearing (3rd annular work)
G1, G2 gear (second annular work)
H Pressing jig J1, J2, J3, J4 Mounting tool R Relative moving means

Claims (4)

A work press-fitting device for press-fitting an annular work into a shaft member arranged in a speed reducer or a transmission of an automobile,
The shaft member is provided with a pedestal that is formed with a stepped portion and supports a first annular work that is positioned in contact with the stepped portion on the base.
Forming a support surface that covers the outer periphery of the first annular work supported by the pedestal and is formed above the first annular work so that the lower end surface of the second annular work contacts and is supported on the upper surface; A cradle in which an insertion hole into which the lower end of the shaft member can be inserted is formed on the support surface;
A pressing jig that engages with an upper end of the shaft member and pushes the shaft member downward to give a pressure input;
The cradle is divided into two parts, each guided by a guide portion formed on the base, and opened and closed in a horizontal direction by a relative movement means so as to be movable between a support position and a retracted position. Work press-fitting device.   2. The lower end portion of the shaft member is formed with a hollow guide hole having a predetermined depth, and a vertical support shaft that can be inserted into the guide hole is provided upright on the base. The workpiece press-fitting device described.   The plurality of shaft members are installed on the base, and the first annular workpiece and the second annular workpiece are simultaneously press-fitted into each of the plurality of shaft members. Work press-fitting device. A work press-fitting method for press-fitting an annular work into a shaft member arranged in a speed reducer or a transmission of an automobile,
Supporting the first annular workpiece on a pedestal fixed on the base;
Covering the outer periphery of the first annular workpiece and supporting the second annular workpiece on the support surface of the cradle formed above the first annular workpiece;
Inserting the lower end of the shaft member into the insertion hole of the second annular work supported by the support surface of the cradle and press-fitting it until it contacts the stepped portion of the shaft member;
After press-fitting the shaft member into the insertion hole of the second annular workpiece, the step of moving the cradle in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the shaft member;
Pressing the lower end of the shaft member into the insertion hole of the first annular work supported on the pedestal after retraction of the pedestal, and the second annular work and the first in a single press-fitting process A work press-fitting method, wherein one annular work is continuously press-fitted into the shaft member.

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