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JP5799760B2 - Bar loader - Google Patents
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JP5799760B2 - Bar loader - Google Patents

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JP5799760B2
JP5799760B2 JP2011245154A JP2011245154A JP5799760B2 JP 5799760 B2 JP5799760 B2 JP 5799760B2 JP 2011245154 A JP2011245154 A JP 2011245154A JP 2011245154 A JP2011245154 A JP 2011245154A JP 5799760 B2 JP5799760 B2 JP 5799760B2
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bar
container
height
loader
stacking
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JP2013100170A (en
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佑輔 西本
佑輔 西本
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Daido Steel Co Ltd
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Daido Steel Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は棒材積載装置に関し、特に棒材をパレット等の収容具に段積みする際の荷崩れを効果的に防止できる棒材積載装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a bar stacking apparatus, and more particularly to a bar stacking apparatus that can effectively prevent load collapse when stacking bar bars on a container such as a pallet.

図6に示すような上方へ開放するコ字形に成形されたパレット1等の収容具内に棒材2を段積みするための従来の棒材積載装置では、予め段積みする三次元位置を記憶した制御装置によって、棒材2を把持したローダ3の把持爪31を位置決めしつつ、例えば図6中に付した数字の順番に、下段から上段へと順次隣接させて棒材2を落下させ段積みしている。   In a conventional bar stacking apparatus for stacking bar 2 in a container such as a pallet 1 formed in a U-shape that opens upward as shown in FIG. 6, the three-dimensional position to be stacked in advance is stored. While the gripping claw 31 of the loader 3 that grips the bar 2 is positioned by the control device, the bar 2 is dropped in the order of the numbers given in FIG. It is piled up.

なお、特許文献1には、載置テーブル上の各ワークの位置座標を求めて、載置位置の高い順にワークを載置テーブル上から取り出すようにしたワーク供給装置が示されている。   Patent Document 1 discloses a workpiece supply device that obtains the position coordinates of each workpiece on the mounting table and takes out the workpiece from the mounting table in descending order of the mounting position.

特開平4−269147JP-A-4-269147

しかし、上記従来の棒材積載装置において、パレットの底面は往々にしてスケールの付着等によって平面にはならず凹凸が生じているため、下段から上段へと順番に隣接させて棒材を段積みすると同一段での棒材の高さが一定にならず、局部的に大きな高低を生じることがある。これにより、特に局部的に高くなった棒材上にさらに新たな棒材が上方から落下させられると荷崩れを起こして、甚だしい場合は積み込んだ棒材がパレットから飛び出すことがあった。そして、飛び出した棒材を処理するためにラインを停止するとともに人手も要し、このため完全自動化が実現されず、生産性も損なわれるという問題があった。   However, in the above-described conventional bar loading device, the bottom surface of the pallet is often not flat but uneven due to scale adhesion, etc., so the bars are stacked in order from the bottom to the top. As a result, the height of the bar in the same stage is not constant, and a large height may be generated locally. As a result, when a new bar is dropped from above, particularly on a locally higher bar, the cargo collapses. In extreme cases, the loaded bar may jump out of the pallet. In addition, the line is stopped and manpower is required in order to process the bar material that has jumped out, so that there is a problem that full automation is not realized and productivity is impaired.

そこで、本発明はこのような課題を解決するもので、収容具内に棒材を段積みする場合に荷崩れを生じず、段積みの完全自動化と生産性向上を実現することができる棒材積載装置を提供することを目的とする。   Therefore, the present invention solves such a problem, and does not cause collapse when stacking bars in the container, and can achieve full automation and productivity improvement of stacking. An object is to provide a loading device.

上記目的を達成するために、本第1発明では、棒材(2)を積載状態で収容する収容具(1)と、棒材(2)を保持して少なくとも前記収容された棒材(2)を横切る二次元垂直面内の任意位置へ搬送する搬送手段(3)と、前記搬送手段(3)に一体に設けられ垂直下方の前記収容具(1)内に収容された棒材(2)の積載高さを検出する高さ検出手段(4)と、収容された棒材に対しこれを横切る方向へ前記搬送手段(3)を移動させて前記収容具(1)内の棒材(2)の積載高さが最も低い位置で前記搬送手段(3)による棒材(2)の保持を解消させて当該棒材(2)を前記収容具(1)内の棒材(2)上へ落下供給する制御手段(5)とを備え、かつ前記制御手段(5)は積載高さが最も高い棒材(2)よりも上方位置で前記搬送手段(3)による棒材(2)の保持を解消するように設定されている。 In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, an accommodation tool (1) for accommodating the bar (2) in a loaded state, and at least the bar (2) that holds the bar (2) and that is accommodated. ) Transporting means (3) for transporting to an arbitrary position in a two-dimensional vertical plane across the bar, and a bar (2) provided integrally with the transporting means (3) and housed in the container (1) vertically below ) For detecting the loading height and the bar (in the container (1) by moving the conveying means (3) in a direction crossing the bar with respect to the bar stored in the container (1)). 2) The holding of the bar (2) by the conveying means (3) is canceled at the position where the loading height is the lowest, and the bar (2) is placed on the bar (2) in the container (1). and a falling supply control means (5) to, and said control means (5) is the conveyor at a position above the highest bar is stacking height (2) Is set so as to eliminate the retention of the rod (2) according to stage (3).

本第1発明によれば、局部的な高低を生じている段積みされた棒材に対して、最も低い位置で棒材を落下供給するから、段積み高さが平均化されて荷崩れが防止され、積み込んだ棒材が収容具から飛び出すことが回避される。この結果、棒材を処理するためのライン停止や人手を要しないから、完全自動化が実現され、生産性が向上する。また、棒材を落下供給する搬送手段が、収容具内の棒材と干渉することが避けられる。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the bar material is dropped and supplied at the lowest position to the stacked bar members that are locally raised and lowered, the stacking height is averaged and the load collapses. This prevents the loaded bar from jumping out of the container. As a result, no line stop or manpower is required for processing the bar, so that full automation is realized and productivity is improved. Further, it is possible to avoid the conveying means for dropping and supplying the bar to interfere with the bar in the container.

上記カッコ内の符号は、後述する実施形態に記載の具体的手段との対応関係を示すものである。   The reference numerals in the parentheses indicate the correspondence with specific means described in the embodiments described later.

以上のように、本発明によれば、収容具内に棒材を段積みする場合に荷崩れを生じず、段積みの完全自動化と生産性向上を実現することができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize complete automation of stacking and improvement of productivity without collapsing when stacking bars in the container.

本発明の一実施形態を示す、棒材が段積みされたパレットおよびローダの側面図である。It is a side view of a pallet and a loader on which bar materials are stacked, showing an embodiment of the present invention. 段積みされた棒材およびローダの斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the stacked bar and loader. 段積みされた棒材およびローダの概略側面図である。It is a schematic side view of the stacked rod and loader. 段積みされた棒材およびローダの概略側面図である。It is a schematic side view of the stacked rod and loader. 制御装置の制御手順を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the control procedure of a control apparatus. 従来例を示す、棒材が段積みされたパレットおよびローダの側面図である。It is a side view of the pallet with which the bar was stacked, and the loader which show a prior art example.

図1には収容具としての上方へ開放するコ字形に成形されたパレット1内に、棒材2が段積みされた様子を示す。従来技術で説明したように棒材2をパレット1内に順番に段積みしていっても、パレット1底面の凹凸によって段積みされた棒材2は各段で水平には並ばず、図1に示すように局部的な高低を生じる。   FIG. 1 shows a state in which bars 2 are stacked in a pallet 1 formed in a U-shape that opens upward as a container. Even if the bars 2 are stacked in order in the pallet 1 as described in the prior art, the bars 2 stacked by the unevenness on the bottom surface of the pallet 1 are not arranged horizontally in each stage. As shown in FIG.

そこで、本実施形態では、図2に示すように、搬送手段たる公知のローダ3の側面に、高さ検出手段としてのレーザ距離センサ4が設けてある。ローダ3の下面には棒材2を把持する把持爪31が設けられている。ローダ3は少なくとも、棒材2をほぼ直交して横切る二次元垂直面内で自在に移動可能であり、上記レーザ距離センサ4は垂直下方のパレット1(図1)内に向けて設けられている。ここで、ローダ3は図略の駆動機構と制御装置5(図2)によって、その水平移動と上下移動が制御されており、この制御はレーザ距離センサ4からの信号を取り込みつつ以下のように行われる。なお、制御装置4における制御手順を図5にフローチャートで示す。   Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a laser distance sensor 4 as a height detecting means is provided on the side surface of a known loader 3 as a conveying means. A gripping claw 31 that grips the bar 2 is provided on the lower surface of the loader 3. The loader 3 is freely movable at least in a two-dimensional vertical plane crossing the bar 2 substantially orthogonally, and the laser distance sensor 4 is provided in the pallet 1 (FIG. 1) below vertically. . Here, the horizontal movement and vertical movement of the loader 3 are controlled by a drive mechanism (not shown) and a control device 5 (FIG. 2). This control is performed as follows while taking in a signal from the laser distance sensor 4. Done. In addition, the control procedure in the control apparatus 4 is shown with a flowchart in FIG.

ローダ3は図3に示すように、パレット1内の最下段の棒材2については、従来のようにパレット1の幅方向の一方から他方へ順番に積載する(図5のステップ101,102)。次にローダ3は棒材2と干渉しない十分な高さを保って、パレット1の幅方向(図3の左右方向)へ各棒材2を略直交して横切るように一方の端から他方の端へ水平移動(スキャン)する(図5のステップ103)。この間、レーザ距離センサ4は図2に示す棒材を横切る軌跡Pに沿って逐次下方の棒材2までの距離Hを測定し、制御装置5は測定された距離Hを取り込んで、当該距離Hがそれまでに得られた最大値Hmaxである場合にはこれを記憶するとともに(図5のステップ104,105)、最大値Hmaxを示したローダ3の移動位置Xmaxを記憶する(図5のステップ106)。この移動位置Xmaxでは、棒材2の段積み高さが最も低くなっている(図3参照)。なお、最大値Hmaxが二箇所以上で測定された場合には(図3では二箇所)、スキャン動作の移動方向の、後の方(図3の右方)の位置がXmaxとして記憶される。   As shown in FIG. 3, the loader 3 stacks the bottom bar 2 in the pallet 1 in order from one side to the other side in the width direction of the pallet 1 as in the past (steps 101 and 102 in FIG. 5). . Next, the loader 3 maintains a sufficient height so as not to interfere with the bar 2 and from one end to the other so as to cross each bar 2 substantially perpendicularly in the width direction of the pallet 1 (left and right direction in FIG. 3). Move horizontally (scan) to the edge (step 103 in FIG. 5). During this time, the laser distance sensor 4 sequentially measures the distance H to the lower bar 2 along the trajectory P crossing the bar shown in FIG. 2, and the control device 5 takes in the measured distance H, and the distance H Is the maximum value Hmax obtained so far (steps 104 and 105 in FIG. 5), and the movement position Xmax of the loader 3 indicating the maximum value Hmax is stored (step in FIG. 5). 106). At this movement position Xmax, the stacked height of the bar 2 is the lowest (see FIG. 3). When the maximum value Hmax is measured at two or more locations (two locations in FIG. 3), the later position (right side in FIG. 3) of the moving direction of the scanning operation is stored as Xmax.

ローダ3のスキャン時に、制御装置5は取り込んだ距離Hがそれまでに得られた最小値Hminである場合には(図5のステップ107)、次式の演算によって下降量Dを算出する(図5のステップ108)。なお、上記最小値Hminは段積み高さが最も高い位置で得られる。   When the loader 3 scans, if the captured distance H is the minimum value Hmin obtained so far (step 107 in FIG. 5), the control unit 5 calculates the descent amount D by the following equation (FIG. 5). 5 step 108). The minimum value Hmin is obtained at a position where the stacking height is the highest.

Hmin−h=Z
Z−A=D
ここで、図4に示すように、hはレーザ距離センサ4から把持爪31の先端までの距離、Aは干渉余裕値である。
Hmin−h = Z
ZA = D
Here, as shown in FIG. 4, h is the distance from the laser distance sensor 4 to the tip of the gripping claw 31, and A is an interference margin value.

スキャンが終了すると、ローダ3は上記移動位置Xmaxまで図3の左方へ戻り移動させられ、移動位置Xmaxで設定下降量Dだけ下降して(図5のステップ109,110)、把持爪31の先端が図4のQ点に至ったときに把持爪31に把持した棒材2を放す。これにより、ローダ3で搬送された新たな棒材2が、段積みされた棒材2の最も低い位置に、パレット1内の棒材2とローダ3が干渉することの無い適当な高さから落下供給される。   When the scanning is completed, the loader 3 is moved back to the left in FIG. 3 to the moving position Xmax, and is lowered by the set lowering amount D at the moving position Xmax (steps 109 and 110 in FIG. 5). When the tip reaches the point Q in FIG. 4, the bar 2 gripped by the gripping claws 31 is released. Thereby, the new bar 2 conveyed by the loader 3 is placed at the lowest position of the stacked bar 2 from an appropriate height where the bar 2 in the pallet 1 and the loader 3 do not interfere with each other. Drop supplied.

棒材2を落下供給した後はローダ3は再びスキャン用の高さへ上昇し、さらにスキャン開始位置である図3の左端へ戻されて再びスキャンが開始される。このようにして、局部的な高低を生じている段積みされた棒材2に対して、最も低くなった箇所に新たな棒材2を落下供給するから、段積み高さが平均化されて、荷崩れを生じることが防止される。したがって、積み込んだ棒材2がパレットから飛び出すことが未然に防止され、この結果、棒材2を処理するためのライン停止や人手を要しないから、完全自動化が実現されて生産性が向上する。   After the rod 2 is dropped and supplied, the loader 3 rises again to the scanning height, and is returned to the left end of FIG. 3 which is the scanning start position, and scanning is started again. In this way, since the new bar 2 is dropped and supplied to the lowest point in the stacked bar 2 causing local heights, the stacked height is averaged. This prevents the collapse of cargo. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the loaded bar 2 from jumping out of the pallet. As a result, line automation and manpower for processing the bar 2 are not required, so that full automation is realized and productivity is improved.

1…パレット(収容具)、2…棒材、3…ローダ(搬送手段)、4…レーザ距離センサ(検出手段)、5…制御装置(制御手段)。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Pallet (container), 2 ... Bar material, 3 ... Loader (conveyance means), 4 ... Laser distance sensor (detection means), 5 ... Control apparatus (control means).

Claims (1)

棒材を積載状態で収容する収容具と、棒材を保持して少なくとも前記収容された棒材を横切る二次元垂直面内の任意位置へ搬送する搬送手段と、前記搬送手段に一体に設けられ垂直下方の前記収容具内に収容された棒材の積載高さを検出する高さ検出手段と、収容された棒材に対しこれを横切る方向へ前記搬送手段を移動させて前記収容具内の棒材の積載高さが最も低い位置で前記搬送手段による棒材の保持を解消させて当該棒材を前記収容具内の棒材上へ落下供給する制御手段とを備え、かつ前記制御手段は積載高さが最も高い棒材よりも上方位置で前記搬送手段による棒材の保持を解消するように設定されている棒材積載装置。 A container that accommodates the rods in a loaded state, a conveyance unit that holds the rods and conveys them to at least an arbitrary position in a two-dimensional vertical plane that crosses the accommodated rods, and is provided integrally with the conveyance unit. Height detecting means for detecting the stacking height of the bar accommodated in the container vertically below, and the conveying means in the direction crossing the bar for the accommodated bar to move the inside of the container Control means for releasing the holding of the bar by the conveying means at a position where the loading height of the bar is the lowest and supplying the bar onto the bar in the container , and the control means A bar stacking device set to cancel the holding of the bar by the conveying means at a position above the bar having the highest stacking height .
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CN110318170A (en) * 2018-03-30 2019-10-11 天津宝盈电脑机械有限公司 A kind of crawl device for pilling of quilter
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