JP5814872B2 - Volatile component discharge removal apparatus, volatile component discharge removal method, and polymer porous body for volatile component discharge removal - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a volatile component discharge and removal device and a volatile component discharge and removal method that can efficiently discharge and remove volatile components contained in an indoor space, and a volatile component discharge and removal polymeric porous body suitable for implementing them.

  In recent automobiles, not only the temperature and humidity in the passenger compartment are adjusted, but also the contaminants floating in the passenger compartment are removed to purify the air. In addition to fine dust, dust, bacteria, viruses, etc. that enter from the outside, such pollutants include organic compounds that are originally contained in automobile components or used in the manufacturing process, and have volatilized in the passenger compartment. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) and the like.

  As a method for removing pollutants in the passenger compartment, it is proposed to absorb and collect pollutants with a filter containing activated carbon attached to an air conditioner (air conditioner) or to release negative ions into the passenger compartment to decompose the pollutants. Has been. For example, there is a description related to this in the following patent document.

JP 2002-362143 A

  A method using a filter containing activated carbon may be inexpensive, but periodic replacement is necessary, and since the installation space is limited, it is difficult to increase the capacity. In addition, an expensive ion generator is separately required to emit negative ions and the like. Also, negative ions or the like cannot substantially reduce VOC.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and unlike conventional air cleaning devices, volatile component discharge removal that can efficiently remove volatile components such as VOC contained in the indoor space with a simple structure. It is an object of the present invention to propose an apparatus and a volatile component discharge / removal method, and a polymer porous body for volatile component discharge / removal that is optimal for the implementation thereof.

  As a result of extensive research and trial and error, the present inventors have made extensive efforts to solve this problem. As a result, polymer porous bodies (polyurethane foam, etc.) frequently used in the passenger compartment adsorb a large amount of volatile components in the passenger compartment. As well as newly found that it releases quickly. The inventors have come up with the idea of exhausting and removing volatile components from the interior of the vehicle by utilizing the properties of the polymer porous body, and have developed the idea to complete the present invention described below.

《Volatile component discharge removal device》
(1) A volatile component discharge / removal device according to the present invention includes a polymer porous body that has at least a part of a ventilation surface that can be ventilated in an indoor space containing a volatile component and also serves as a cushioning material used for a seat , A negative pressure portion communicating with a negative pressure generating source capable of generating a negative pressure lower than the air pressure, and an internal air portion communicating with the inside of the polymer porous body or another surface other than the ventilation surface; A derivation path for deriving the volatile component adsorbed in the polymer porous body through the surface from the inside air portion to the negative pressure portion by the negative pressure, and the volatile component in the indoor space is the polymer porous body and It is characterized by being discharged and removed through the lead-out path.

(2) The volatile component discharge / removal device of the present invention (appropriately simply referred to as “discharge / removal device”) has a relatively simple structure, but the volatile component dispersed in the indoor space has a high rate to the polymer porous body. And can be quickly released through the outlet path. Therefore, according to the discharge removing apparatus of the present invention, volatile components such as VOC in the indoor space can be discharged efficiently to the outside of the room.

  Thus, the excellent volatile component discharge / removability was obtained by the present invention because the porous polymer body easily adsorbs the volatile component and easily releases the volatile component once adsorbed by the change in atmosphere. It is thought that it is because it has characteristics that are generally considered contradictory. The mechanism by which the porous polymer body exhibits such characteristics is not clear, but at present, it is considered as follows.

  Since the porous polymer body has a large molecular weight, it can generate a relatively large intermolecular force (such as van der Waals force) even with a volatile component. Moreover, since the polymer porous body is made of a foam in which a large number of pores are aggregated, it has a very large specific surface area and easily adsorbs a large amount of volatile components. Most of the pores constituting the polymer porous body are considered to be sufficiently larger than the volatile component and are not continuous closed pores but continuous continuous pores. Moreover, most of the adsorption of the volatile component to the polymer porous body is the physical adsorption by the intermolecular force described above and not the chemical adsorption. For this reason, the volatile component easily moves in the porous polymer body, and even if it is once adsorbed and trapped in the porous polymer body, the atmosphere around the porous polymer body changes (for example, the action of suction force due to negative pressure). Or the volatile component can be easily detached from the polymer porous body. Thus, it is considered that the polymer porous body has the contradictory properties of adsorbing and releasing volatile components.

  More specifically, the discharge / removal device of the present invention is dispersed in the indoor space, and the volatile components are once adsorbed or trapped in the polymer porous body through the ventilation surface, and aggregate in the polymer porous body. When negative pressure is applied to the inside of the polymer porous body or the other surface other than the ventilation surface, the volatile components temporarily trapped in the polymer porous body are easily released from the polymer porous body. The air can be sucked from the inside air portion of the outlet path to the negative pressure portion and discharged to the outside. Thus, it is considered that the discharge removal apparatus of the present invention has realized excellent discharge removal performance of volatile components.

《Volatile component discharge removal method》
The present invention can be grasped not only as the above-described discharge removal apparatus but also as a volatile component discharge removal method (appropriately simply referred to as “discharge removal method”). That is, the present invention includes an adsorption step of adsorbing a volatile component contained in an indoor space to a polymer porous body having at least a part of a ventilation surface that can ventilate the indoor space and also serving as a cushioning material used for the seat ; A derivation step of deriving the volatile component out of the indoor space by applying a negative pressure lower than the indoor space to the inside of the porous polymer body adsorbing the volatile component or to the other surface other than the ventilation surface And a volatile component discharge and removal method characterized in that the volatile component in the indoor space is discharged and removed through the polymer porous body.

《Porous polymer for volatile component discharge removal》
Furthermore, the present invention is made for the purpose of discharging and removing volatile components by limiting the use of the polymer porous material, because the polymer porous material is excellent in both adsorption and detachment of volatile components. It can also be understood as a polymer porous body (appropriately simply referred to as “polymer porous body”).

  A good example of such a polymer porous body is a polymer foam made of a synthetic resin that is widely used in various members and instruments in various fields as cushioning materials, soundproofing materials, vibration-proofing materials, etc. A more specific example is polyurethane foam.

<Others>
(1) The amount of volatile components adsorbed on the porous polymer body according to the present invention is substantially proportional to the indoor volatile component concentration. That is, except for the transition period, both are in an equilibrium state. For example, when the exhaust removal apparatus of the present invention is not in operation, if the indoor volatile component concentration is high, the amount of volatile components adsorbed on the polymer porous body also increases. On the contrary, when the discharge / removal device is operated and the volatile components in the room are suddenly discharged to the outside through the polymer porous body and the lead-out path, the volatile component concentration in the room decreases rapidly. Accordingly, the amount of volatile components adsorbed on the polymer porous body is also reduced.

(2) Considering only the movement of volatile components released from the indoor space to the outside, the negative pressure referred to in the present invention may be strictly a partial pressure difference between volatile components indoors and outdoors. However, such a partial pressure difference is small, and efficient discharge of volatile components to the outside cannot be expected so much. Accordingly, in the present invention, the volatile component is discharged from the indoor space to the outside by using the negative pressure as described above.

(3) The volatile component referred to in the present specification may be any type, whether or not it has an influence on the human body, and whether or not it is aromatic. Therefore, not only VOC but also water vapor is included in the volatile components referred to in this specification. Further, the volatile component may be emitted from a partition wall or an indoor appliance that partitions the room, or may flow from the outside into the indoor space.

(4) Unless otherwise specified, “x to y” in this specification includes a lower limit value x and an upper limit value y. A range such as “a to b” can be newly established with any numerical value included in various numerical values or numerical ranges described in the present specification as a new lower limit value or upper limit value.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the 1st Example which concerns on the volatile component discharge | emission removal apparatus of this invention. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the 1st modification. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the 2nd modification. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the 3rd modification. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the 4th modification. It is a schematic diagram which shows the 2nd Example which concerns on the volatile component discharge | emission removal apparatus of this invention. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the toluene atmosphere concentration of each sample, and toluene adsorption amount. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the discharge | release amount of the volatile component discharge | released from each sample initially, and time. It is a graph which shows the discharge | release amount of toluene adsorb | sucked to each sample, and the relationship of time. It is a graph which shows the relationship between time and the amount of diffusion of toluene adsorbed on two types of polyurethane foam. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the amount of formaldehyde diffused by two types of polyurethane foams, and time. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the amount of acetaldehyde diffused by two types of polyurethane foams, and time.

  The contents described in the present specification can be applied not only to the volatile component discharge / removal apparatus and the volatile component discharge / removal method of the present invention but also to the polymer porous body for volatile component discharge / removal used in them. One or two or more components arbitrarily selected from the present specification may be added to the above-described components of the present invention. Which embodiment is the best depends on the target, required performance, and the like.

<Porous polymer porous material>
(1) The polymer porous body according to the present invention may be of any composition or structure (pore diameter, apparent density, independent pores, continuous pores, etc.) as long as the adsorbability and release property of volatile components are good. The polymer porous body includes a polymer porous body made of an inorganic material such as pumice, but is usually a polymer porous body made of an organic material or a synthetic resin. Therefore, in this specification, unless otherwise specified, a polymer porous body made of a synthetic resin is simply referred to as “polymer porous body”. In addition, generally called sponge is also included in the polymer porous body referred to in this specification.

  The polymer porous body may be produced by any method, but a polymer foam (foamed plastic) obtained by foam molding a polymer material is a good example. The polymer foam preferably has an expansion ratio of about 5 to 200 times, more preferably about 10 to 100 times. If the expansion ratio is too small or too large, the pores (bubbles) will be too small or too large, and in any case, the adsorptivity and the release property may be lowered.

  Each pore in the polymer porous body has an independent pore type that is independently closed, and a continuous pore type that is connected and communicated. In order to suck the volatile component from the ventilation surface of the polymer porous body to the outlet path and efficiently discharge the volatile component to the outside, it is preferable that there are more continuous pores having excellent air permeability or permeability.

  The polymer porous body may be any kind of polymer (especially synthetic resin) constituting it. For example, the polymer porous body is preferably made of a synthetic resin material such as polyurethane (PUR), polystyrene (PS), polyolefin (mainly polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP)). In addition, polymer porous materials can be used for phenolic resin (PF), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), urea resin (UF), silicone (SI), polyimide (PI), melamine resin (MF) depending on the application. A synthetic resin raw material such as Moreover, even if it is Teflon (trademark) (tetrafluoroethylene) etc. which are the stain | pollution | contamination representative, if it is a polymeric porous body, it has an effect.

  A good example of the polymer porous body is a polyurethane foam which is a typical example of the polymer foam as described above. The polyurethane itself is usually a polymer compound obtained by copolymerizing a monomer having a urethane bond formed by condensation of a compound having an isocyanate group (NCO) and a hydroxyl group. Polyurethane foam, on the other hand, uses polyisocyanate and polyol that produce the polyurethane as the main raw materials, and stirs and mixes foaming agents, foam stabilizers, catalysts, etc., and foams them, allowing foaming and resinification reactions to occur simultaneously. Obtained.

  Polyurethane foams are mainly classified into soft polyurethane foams and rigid polyurethane foams depending on the raw materials used. Generally, when a raw material having a large molecular weight and a small number of functional groups is used, a flexible polyurethane foam is obtained, and when a raw material having a small molecular weight and a large number of functional groups is used, a rigid polyurethane foam is obtained. In general, a flexible polyurethane foam is likely to be an open-cell type in which pores (bubbles) are continuous, the foaming ratio is relatively large, and the apparent density is small. Conversely, rigid polyurethane foam tends to be a closed cell type, has a relatively small expansion ratio and a high apparent density. Any of the polymer porous bodies according to the present invention can be selected, but a flexible polyurethane foam is more preferable when high adsorptivity and release are required.

(2) By the way, polymer foams such as polyurethane foams are partition walls for partitioning or configuring indoor spaces such as moving bodies (automobiles, ships, aircrafts, etc.), houses, buildings, etc., and various indoors arranged in them. Often used for instruments. For example, a soundproof material, a vibration-proof material, a cushion material, and the like. Thus, when the polymer foam that has been widely used in various fields as above is also used as the polymer porous body according to the present invention, the cost reduction, space saving, weight reduction, etc. of the volatile component discharge / removal device can be combined. This is preferable. Therefore, it is preferable that the polymer porous body according to the present invention also serves as a functional material used for a partition constituting the indoor space or an indoor appliance arranged in the indoor space.

  In particular, since a large amount of polyurethane foam or the like is usually used as a cushion material for many indoor chairs (seats), the polymer porous body according to the present invention is a cushion material (function) used for a seat. It is preferable that the material also serves as a material.

  In addition, a ventilation function, a ventilation function, etc. will be added to the indoor apparatus etc. which use the polymeric porous body of this invention to which a negative pressure acts as a functional material. For example, when the cushion material for a vehicle seat is also used as the polymer porous body of the present invention, a vehicle seat having a ventilation function in addition to the function of discharging and removing volatile components can be obtained.

  Furthermore, the polymer porous body of the present invention also serves as a cushioning material or lining material for a ceiling, door, floor, headrest, armrest, sun visor, console box, helmet, etc. of a moving body, and a heat insulating material for a cold storage / freezer. But you can. The porous polymer body according to the present invention is indirectly exposed by being covered with a breathable or permeable skin even if at least part of the porous surface is directly exposed to the indoor space. It may be done.

《Leading path and negative pressure source》
The lead-out path according to the present invention is at least a part of a path through which volatile components dispersed in the indoor space pass when moving from the porous polymer body to the outdoor space. Specifically, the lead-out path according to the present invention has an inside air portion that communicates with the polymer porous body, and a negative pressure portion that communicates with a negative pressure generation source capable of diffusing, guiding or sucking volatile components, Furthermore, an intermediate portion serving as a path connecting the two is provided.

  The inside air part only needs to communicate with the inside of the polymer porous body or the other surface other than the ventilation surface, and the specific form thereof varies depending on the shape, arrangement, usage form, and the like of the polymer porous body. For example, the inside air portion may be an air layer or a cavity for sucking volatile components formed inside the polymer porous body, or a suction adapter for sucking volatile components from the polymer porous body.

  The negative pressure part only needs to communicate with a negative pressure generation source that can generate a negative pressure lower than that in the indoor space, and a specific form thereof varies depending on the form and arrangement of the negative pressure generation source. The negative pressure generation source can be configured by a fan, a pump, or the like that generates a negative pressure. It is preferable to use the intake negative pressure of the engine or the like because there is no need to provide a special device or the like.

  In particular, when the polymer porous body is a functional material of another member as described above, the discharge and removal apparatus of the present invention can be realized simply by securing the lead-out path, which is very convenient. Note that the dynamic pressure generated near the outer surface of a moving moving object is based on Bernoulli's theorem, assuming that a non-viscous and incompressible fluid (usually air) flows constantly around the outer surface. Estimated based on The difference between the dynamic pressure generated in the vicinity of the outer surface and the static force (total pressure) in the indoor space is the negative pressure referred to in this specification.

  As described above, the negative pressure portion of the lead-out path according to the present invention is preferably communicated with the outer space of the moving body when the indoor space is the inner space of the moving body. Further, when there is an internal combustion engine as a driving source for a moving body, a driving source for a residential heat pump, or the like, it is preferable that the negative pressure portion according to the present invention communicates with the intake passage. Of course, when the volatile component contained in the indoor space of the moving body using the internal combustion engine as a drive source is discharged and removed, it is more preferable that the negative pressure portion according to the present invention communicates with both of them. In other words, when the indoor space is the inner space of the moving body, the negative pressure portion of the lead-out path is connected to the first negative pressure portion communicating with the intake path of the internal combustion engine that is the driving source of the moving body and the outer space of the moving body. It is preferable that the second negative pressure portion communicates with the second negative pressure portion.

  At this time, it is preferable that the discharge and removal device of the present invention further includes a switching valve that switches the communication destination of the inside air part to one of the first negative pressure part or the second negative pressure part according to the operating state of the moving body. . For example, the switching control of the switching valve may be performed as follows. When the moving body is stopped, only the first negative pressure part (intake path of the internal combustion engine) is set as the communication destination of the inside air part. When the moving body is moving, the communication destination of the inside air part may be only the second negative pressure part (outside space of the moving body), or both the first negative pressure part and the second negative pressure part Good. In addition, an open / close valve is provided between the inside air part and the negative pressure part to adjust the concentration of volatile components in the indoor space, the sealing time of the indoor space, the temperature change of the indoor space, the operating time of the moving body, the timing of the moving body, etc. Accordingly, the opening / closing control may be performed.

  The intermediate part of the lead-out path may have various forms depending on the arrangement part and use form of the polymer porous body (use condition in the indoor device), the type and arrangement of the negative pressure generation source, and the like. For example, the intermediate portion may be a connecting tube that connects between the inside air portion on the polymer porous body side and the negative pressure portion on the negative pressure generation source side, in a partition wall that constitutes an indoor space, in a housing of an indoor device, etc. An air passage (for example, an air groove) formed of a slight gap or the like may be used.

<< Embodiment of Discharge Removal Device >>
(1) A schematic diagram of a discharge removing apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The exhaust removal device 1 is provided in an automobile M having an engine E (internal combustion engine) as a drive source, and discharges a volatile component g dispersed in the vehicle interior Ri to the outside through a seat S disposed in the vehicle interior Ri. It is a device to do.

  Specifically, the discharge removing device 1 is encapsulated by the polymer foam Ps enclosed by the breathable cloth cover Ls on the seat surface side of the sheet S and the breathable cloth cover Lb on the backrest side of the sheet S. Formed inside the polymer foam Pb, the tube Cs (intermediate portion) for connecting the switching groove V and the empty groove Is (inside air portion) formed inside the polymer foam Ps, and the polymer foam Pb. The tube Cb (intermediate portion) that connects the air groove Ib (inside air portion) and the switching valve V so that they can communicate with each other, and the intake port Ti (first air passage) that communicates with the switching valve V and the air cleaner box Ei (intake passage) of the engine E The tube Ce (intermediate part) connected to the negative pressure part) and the switching valve V and the tube Co provided near the outer surface of the automobile M and connected to the discharge port To (second negative pressure part) communicating with the Ro outside the passenger compartment (Middle part And, it is the main from. The tubes Cb, Cs, Ce, and Co constitute a lead-out path as used in the present invention.

  A negative pressure is generated at the intake port Ti while the engine E is operating, and a negative pressure is generated at the discharge port To while the vehicle M is traveling. When the automobile M is stopped, the switching valve V allows the tubes Cs and Cb to communicate with the tube Ce side and closes the tube Co side. Conversely, when the automobile M is traveling, the tubes Cs and Cb are connected to the tube Co side and the tube Ce side is closed. Thus, even when the automobile M is stopped or traveling, the volatile components in the passenger compartment Ri can be sucked from the polymer foams Ps and Pb in the sheet S and released to the outside.

(2) Cross-sectional schematic diagrams of sheets S1 to S4 obtained by changing the sheet S according to the discharge removing apparatus 1 are shown in FIGS. 2A to 2D, respectively. Note that members and the like similar to those of the sheet S illustrated in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals in FIGS. 2A to 2D, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

  The sheet S1 is obtained by filling the empty grooves Is and Ib existing in the sheet S with different kinds of adsorbents Ks and Kb. The adsorbents Ks and Kb enhance the trapping ability of the volatile component g absorbed in the sheet S1.

  In the sheet S2, the polymer foams Ps and Pb in the sheet S have a two-layer structure including the polymer foams Ps1 and Pb1 and the polymer foams Ps2 and Pb2. For example, the polymer foams Ps1 and Ps2 and the polymer foams Pb1 and Pb2 have different adsorptive properties or release properties of the volatile component g. In this case, for example, a foam resin having higher adsorptivity may be used for the polymer foams Ps2 and Pb2 on the side of the empty grooves Is and Ib.

  In the sheet S3, the electric heaters Hs and Hb are arranged on the inner peripheral side (the outer peripheral side of the empty grooves Is and Ib) of the polymer foams Ps and Pb in the sheet S. Volatile components g adsorbed from the breathable cloth covers Ls, Lb to the polymer foams Ps, Pb by the electric heaters Hs, Hb are warmed on the empty grooves Is, Ib and are more easily released. , Ib is easily discharged to the outside.

  In the sheet S4, the adsorbents Ks and Kb are filled in the empty grooves Is and Ib, and the electric heaters Hs and Hb are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the empty grooves Is and Ib. In short, the sheet S4 is a combination of the sheet S1 and the sheet S3. Thereby, the adsorptivity and the release property of the volatile component g are further increased, and the volatile component g is more efficiently discharged from the vehicle interior Ri to the vehicle exterior Ro.

(3) FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the discharge removing device 2 which is another embodiment of the present invention. The discharge removing device 2 is a device that is formed in the door D on the front seat side of the automobile M and discharges a volatile component g dispersed in the vehicle interior Ri to the Ro outside the vehicle interior.

  More specifically, the discharge removal device 2 is housed in the casing of the door D and has a ventilation surface Pdi that is inscribed in a breathable cloth lining Ld provided on the vehicle interior Ri side of the door D. It consists mainly of a molecular foam Pd and a lead-out path Cd formed in the housing of the door D on the discharge surface Pdo side on the opposite side of the ventilation surface Pdi of the polymer foam Pd. The end portion of the lead-out path Cd communicates with Ro outside the vehicle compartment via a discharge port Td (negative pressure portion) formed in the casing of the door D. The portion where the outlet path Cd faces the discharge surface Pd of the polymer foam Pd corresponds to the inside air portion of the outlet path in the present invention.

  A seal Q made of synthetic rubber is interposed between the door D and the body B, and the airtightness of the vehicle interior Ri and the vehicle exterior Ro is maintained. In other words, during the travel of the automobile M, dynamic pressure acts on the discharge port Td communicating with the Ro outside the cabin, and the atmospheric pressure is lower (negative pressure state) than the cabin Ri. For this reason, during traveling of the automobile M, the volatile component g in the passenger compartment Ri passes through the lining Ld and is once adsorbed and stored in the polymer foam Pd from the vent surface Pdi, and then released from the discharge surface Pdo. It is discharged from the discharge port Td to the Ro outside the vehicle compartment via the lead-out path Cd.

<Others>
The exhaust removal apparatus of the present invention can be used in various spaces such as a building interior, a vehicle interior, various warehouses, an art museum, a museum, and a cold storage, and is useful for improving the environment. In addition, the discharge and removal apparatus of the present invention can be easily configured by combining a porous polymer that has been conventionally used for indoor appliances and partition walls with an existing negative pressure source, thereby reducing costs, making it compact, and the like. Easy to plan. In addition, even when the polymer porous body cannot be used also as an indoor device or the like, if an easily available polymer porous body is separately prepared and disposed in a negative pressure generating source such as a vent opening that generates a negative pressure, the present invention The discharge removal apparatus can be easily realized, and the discharge removal method of the present invention can be easily implemented.

  About the polyurethane foam which is an example of the polymeric porous body which concerns on this invention, the adsorption property or discharge | release property of the volatile component was evaluated as follows.

<Adsorption of volatile components>
(1) Samples made of various synthetic resin materials were prepared. Each sample was individually placed in a 1 m ³ chamber, and toluene (volatile component) was injected into the chamber to provide a sealed state. The inside of the chamber was set to 40 ° C. and kept in that for 2 hours. Each sample put in the chamber used one new part.

  The toluene atmosphere concentration in the chamber in an equilibrium state and the toluene adsorption amount adsorbed on each sample were determined. The toluene atmosphere concentration in the chamber was measured with a hydrogen flame ion detector, and the toluene adsorption amount of each sample was determined from the decrease in the atmosphere concentration before and after the test. This test was performed by changing the amount of toluene injected into the chamber, and the toluene adsorption amount of each sample with respect to various toluene atmosphere concentrations was obtained. The results thus obtained are summarized in FIG.

  In FIG. 4, sample 1 is a polyurethane foam used as a cushioning material for an automobile seat, sample C1 is a chemical fiber used for a carpet laid on the floor surface in the automobile, and samples D1 to D4. Are interior parts (instrument panel, package tray, ceiling, silencer) used in various parts of the car.

(2) As can be seen from FIG. 4, Sample 1 made of polyurethane foam shows a much larger amount of toluene adsorption than other samples even when the toluene atmosphere concentration is low.

<Release of volatile components>
(1) The above-described sample 1, sample C1, and sample D1 were cut to form a test piece of 50 mm × 20 mm. Before each sample was allowed to adsorb volatile components from the outside, the change over time in the amount of volatile components released by each sample was measured. Specifically, each sample is placed in an N ₂ atmosphere at 65 ° C., and the amount of volatile components released from each sample is collected with TenaxTA for toluene and DNPH for aldehyde and collected by gas chromatography (GC) or liquid. Measured by chromatography (LC). The results thus obtained are summarized in FIG. 5A.

  As is clear from FIG. 5A, sample 1 made of polyurethane foam is superior to other samples in release, especially the initial release amount of volatile components is much smaller than sample D1, and almost volatile components are released in about 2 hours. I knew it would n’t.

(2) Each sample from which volatile components contained in the initial stage were sufficiently released was placed in the chamber described above, and the interior of each chamber was placed in a 600 ppb toluene atmosphere, and toluene was adsorbed on each sample for 9 hours. About each sample which adsorb | sucked toluene, the emission amount of the volatile component was measured similarly to the case of the initial emission amount. The results thus obtained are summarized in FIG. 5B.

  As is apparent from FIG. 5B, it can be seen that Sample 1 made of polyurethane foam first adsorbs much more toluene than other samples after the release of volatile components. On the other hand, it was found that Sample 1 suddenly released toluene, and almost no toluene was released in about 2 hours.

(3) Sample 2 and Sample 3 made of two types of polyurethane foams having different characteristics from Sample 1 were prepared. Each sample was manufactured by changing the mixing ratio of the raw materials. About each sample, after adsorb | sucking toluene, formaldehyde, or acetaldehyde, those time change of the dispersibility was investigated. In the experiment, four test pieces of 10 cm × 8 cm were put in a 4 L stainless steel can, and their volatilization amounts were collected by TenaxTA for toluene and DNPH for DN, and analyzed by GC and LC. In addition, adsorption | suction of the volatile component to each sample was performed after fully discharging | emitting a volatile component from each sample. The above measurement was repeated twice for each sample. The results thus obtained are collectively shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C for each volatile component.

  As can be seen from these results, it has been clarified that the polyurethane foam stably exhibits excellent adsorptivity and release properties even when the type thereof is changed and the adsorption and desorption of volatile components are repeated.

1 Discharge removal device (volatile component discharge removal device)
g Volatile component Ps, Pb Polymer foam (polymer porous body)
M car S seat Cs, Cb tube (leading path)
Is, Ib Air groove (inside air)
Ti inlet (negative pressure part)
E Engine Ei Air cleaner box Ei (intake path)
V switching valve

Claims (8)

A porous polymer body that has a ventilation surface that can be ventilated in an indoor space containing a volatile component at least in part and also serves as a cushioning material used for the seat ;
A negative pressure portion communicating with a negative pressure generating source capable of generating a negative pressure lower than the indoor space, and an inside air portion communicating with the inside of the polymer porous body or other surface other than the ventilation surface, A derivation path for deriving volatile components adsorbed in the porous polymer body through the ventilation surface from the internal air portion to the negative pressure portion by the negative pressure,
A volatile component discharge / removal apparatus, wherein the volatile component in the indoor space is discharged and removed through the porous polymer body and the lead-out path. The volatile component discharge removal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the negative pressure portion of the lead-out path communicates with an intake path of the internal combustion engine. The indoor space is an internal space of a moving body,
The negative pressure section of the outlet passage, volatile components discharged removing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 communicates with the outside space of the moving body. The indoor space is an internal space of a moving body,
The negative pressure portion of the lead-out path includes a first negative pressure portion communicating with an intake passage of an internal combustion engine that is a driving source of the moving body and a second negative pressure portion communicating with an outer space of the moving body,
Further, volatile components discharged according to claim 1 or 2 comprising a switching valve for switching the communicating destination of the internal air portion in accordance with the operating condition of the moving body in one of said first negative pressure portion or said second negative pressure Removal device. The volatile component discharge removal apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the polymer porous body is a polyurethane foam. An adsorption step for adsorbing a volatile component contained in the indoor space to a polymeric porous body that has at least a part of a ventilation surface that can be ventilated in the indoor space and also serves as a cushioning material used for the seat ;
A derivation step for deriving the volatile component out of the indoor space by applying a negative pressure lower than the indoor space to the inside of the polymer porous body that adsorbs the volatile component or the other surface other than the ventilation surface; With
A volatile component discharge and removal method, wherein the volatile component in the indoor space is discharged and removed through the porous polymer body. A polymer porous body for discharging and removing volatile components, which is used in the volatile component discharging and removing method according to claim 6 . The polymer porous body for removing and removing volatile components according to claim 7 , comprising a polyurethane foam.

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