JP5816005B2 - Cordyceps culture method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for cultivating cordyceps.

  Cordyceps are parasitic mushrooms that invade adults or larvae (larvae) that enter the humus soil to hibernate, grow mycelia, and germinate and appear on the ground when warm. Then it is said that it will prevent lifestyle-related diseases. Cordyceps grows on various types of insects, but it is from bat and cicada cultures that the fruiting bodies grow well and are said to be effective in promoting health. Recently, it has become difficult to collect good-quality cordyceps due to environmental degradation in the harvesting area, and artificial culture methods have been studied.

  For example, there is a method of using cereal as the main material of the culture medium, but this produces only weak fruit bodies with poor ability of bacteria, and has not been evaluated well in terms of health promotion. In the method of using Cordyceps fungus as a culture medium by injecting insects such as sericulture moths and caterpillars, there are many troubles such as incomplete germination and generation of mold. In the method of adding dried powder of sericultural cocoons to a culture medium mainly composed of cereals, the ability of Cordyceps fungus to degrade medium material does not increase, and the harvestability is poor. In addition, various methods have been proposed, such as a method for maintaining the strength of bacteria and a method for producing a culture medium capable of obtaining a high fruiting body yield. However, there are many unknown points, and satisfactory results have not been obtained.

  In contrast, the inventor of the present application has invented a culture method capable of stably obtaining a high yield as compared with the conventional method. The contents are disclosed in Patent Document 1. In this technology, sericulture cocoons injected with fungus of Cordyceps are inserted inside and around the pseudonestrous ant nests to germinate, and the grown fruit bodies are cultured to produce cultured inoculum. A medium containing a dry powder of stab ants and its extract is poured into a container to inoculate the culture inoculum, and the opening of the container is covered with a breathable wrap and cultured in a humid environment. .

  By the way, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, if the inside of the container becomes humid and dew condensation flows down as water droplets, and the water droplets stay in the medium, the growing Cordyceps mycelium is necrotized and becomes mold. In some cases, the quality deteriorates.

JP 2005-287488 A

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to eliminate these conventional problems and to culture so that water does not directly touch cordyceps mycelium.

The configuration of the present invention that solves this problem is as follows.
1) A shape-retaining medium attached to the inner bottom of a transparent or translucent container with an open upper surface is attached, and the culture inoculum of Cordyceps is inoculated on the medium, and the container opening is made breathable and moisture-permeable. A transparent or semi-transparent film is attached, and a drainage means is provided in a part of the lower film or container in a state where the container is turned sideways, and the container is placed in a sideways posture in a humid environment, Cultivation method of Cordyceps sinensis, characterized by culturing while irradiating light from above or in front of the opening of the container 2) Using transparent materials for the film, arranging a number of containers horizontally in a horizontal orientation, The method for cultivating Cordyceps sinensis as described in 1) above, wherein the medium is a mixture of rice flour as a main component with water added and kneaded. Culture method 4) The medium is an insect In the method for cultivating Cordyceps sinensis as described in any one of 1) to 3) above, to which an extract extracted from is added.

  According to the configuration described in 1) of the present invention, water droplets adhering to the inner surface of the container or film flow down and are drained out of the container by the drainage means. Therefore, water does not touch the Cordyceps mycelium directly and does not stay in the medium. Moreover, even if a water droplet falls from above, it does not flow into the container by flowing on the outer surface of the container. Therefore, it becomes possible to culture good quality Cordyceps.

  According to the configuration described in 2) of the present invention, Cordyceps can be cultured in large quantities at a time. In addition, light is sufficiently supplied into the containers stacked up and down by the transparent film, so that the culture process can be easily observed.

  According to the configuration described in the above 3) of the present invention, the medium becomes paste-like with the main ingredient rice flour, reliably adheres to the inner bottom of the container, and the shape is maintained for a long period of time, enabling stable culture. It becomes.

It is a side view which shows culture | cultivation of the Cordyceps sinensis of an Example. It is a front view which shows culture | cultivation of the Cordyceps sinensis of an Example. It is a front view which shows culture | cultivation of Cordyceps of another example of an Example. It is explanatory drawing of the container of an Example.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be specifically described based on examples and drawings.

  1 is a side view showing culture of Cordyceps sinensis in Example, FIG. 2 is a front view showing culture of Cordyceps sinensis in Example, FIG. 3 is a front view showing culture of Cordyceps sinensis in another example of Example, and FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the container of an example. In the figure, 1 is a container, 2 is a culture medium, 3 is a film, 3a is a drain outlet, 4 is a shelf, 5 is lighting, A is a cordyceps and W is water.

(1) Preparation of flat plate medium and test tube medium Glucose 20 g
Agar 15g
Yeast extract 3g
1g potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Insect extract 3ml
Salmon extract 3ml
1000ml distilled water

  Insect extracts are collected by squeezing insects collected in nature and washed with 50% ethanol to remove impurities. This is soaked in ethanol for sake brewing (55% concentration) in a volume ratio of 3 times for 10 days, filtered, and then the alcohol content is volatilized. The koji extract is collected in the process of forming koji, and obtained by squeezing and ethanol extraction for sake brewing as described above. Glucose, agar, yeast extract, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are commercially available.

  The composition is stirred and the pH is measured. If the alkalinity is too high, citric acid is used. If the acidity is too high, the pH is adjusted to 5-6 using sodium hydroxide. This is sterilized by heating in a sterilization pot set at 1.5 atm and 120 ° C. for 40 minutes, poured into a petri dish having a diameter of 90 mm so as to have an average thickness of 5 mm (40 ml), and cooled and gelled to obtain a plate medium for separation. . Further, about 15 ml of the composition is poured into a test tube, and cooled and gelled while being inclined at about 10 ° to obtain a test tube medium.

(2) Production of inoculum of test tube The incision is made with a razor blade at the top of the cordyceps fruit body collected from nature, and the internal tissue is cut into 1-2 mm square pieces. When these 15 to 20 pieces are arranged at equal intervals on the surface of the plate medium prepared in the above (1), when the room temperature is set to 20 ° C. and left for about 1 week, pure white mycelium grows from the pieces and fungi A flora is formed. Among these, a central part of a pure colony is collected together with a medium, transplanted to the test tube medium prepared in the above (1), and the mycelium is cultured to complete a test tube inoculum (mycelium). As a standard of the number of preparations, there are 10 test tube inoculums per strain for one plate medium.

(3) Preparation of cultured inoculum Glucose 20g
10g dry yeast
Glucose 10g
1g potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Lemon juice 3ml
Yeast extract 5ml
1000ml distilled water

  Glucose, dry yeast, glucose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, lemon juice, and yeast extract are commercially available. The composition is stirred and the pH is measured. If the alkalinity is too high, citric acid is used. If the acidity is too high, the pH is adjusted to 5-6 using sodium hydroxide. This is sterilized by heating in a sterilization pot set at 1.5 atm and 120 ° C. for 40 minutes, transferred to a culture tank and cooled to room temperature. When the temperature reaches room temperature, 10 ml of the insect extract used in (1) above is added to prepare a mycelium culture solution.

  The mycelium culture solution is poured into an aeration and agitation culture tank, and the tube medium of the above (2) in which the mycelium turns and turns white is transferred. The amount is set to a ratio of one tube inoculum (15 ml) to 450 ml of the mycelium culture solution. When about 2 weeks have passed since the temperature was set to 22 ° C., the spread of cobweb-like hyphae can be confirmed in the mycelium culture solution.

(4) Production of germination culture medium Purified white rice (grain) 21 g
Soybean flour 3g
Groundnut fine powder 2g
Glucose 1g
2g dry yeast
Insect extract 2g
29 ml of tap water

  Insect extract is obtained by the same method as described above. Purified white rice, soybean fine powder, peanut fine powder, glucose, and dry yeast are commercially available.

  The composition is stirred and poured into a transparent glass or polypropylene container 1 (a wide-mouth bottle having a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 10 cm) to obtain a medium 2. A cap having air permeability is attached to the container 1 to form a germination culture medium, which is sterilized by heating in a sterilization pot set at 1.5 atm and 120 ° C. for 40 minutes. Thereafter, the container 1 is taken out from the sterilization pot and brought into the inoculation chamber. The cap is removed when the temperature of the culture medium 2 is lowered to 50 ° C. or lower, and a transparent polyethylene film 3 having air permeability and moisture permeability is used instead. And fasten with rubber bands.

  After setting the temperature of the inoculation chamber to 22 ° C and confirming that the temperature of the medium 2 was below 25 ° C, the film 3 was opened, and 2 ml of the culture inoculum prepared in (3) above was collected with a dropper. Is injected into medium 2 and inoculated. When the inoculation is finished, the film 3 is applied again. At this time, a small-diameter drain port 3 a is opened at the edge of the film 3. Alternatively, a part of the edge of the film 3 may be turned to serve as a drain outlet, or a dedicated container having a small-diameter drain opening on the side surface may be used.

(5) Culture The inoculated medium 2 is brought into a mycelia culture chamber set to a temperature of 18 to 24 ° C. and a humidity of 80 to 90%, and a large number of containers 1 are placed on the shelf 4 so that the drain port 3a is positioned below. Are arranged horizontally in a horizontal orientation and stacked in multiple stages (see FIGS. 1 and 2). Or you may arrange | position the container 1 to the multistage shelf 4 one step at a time (refer FIG. 3). Although the culture medium 2 is oriented vertically in the horizontal direction of the container 1, the paste-like culture medium 2 is securely attached to the inner bottom of the container 1 to maintain its shape, and is not deformed or peeled off. Moreover, although the inside of the container 1 may be condensed due to high humidity and water droplets may be generated, the water W flows down and is drained from the drain port 3a and does not stay in the culture medium 2. Furthermore, even if a water droplet falls from above, it does not flow through the outer surface of the container 1 and enter the container 1.

  When cultured in a state where the sunlight is blocked, the mycelium spreads throughout the medium 2 after about two weeks, and the brown medium 2 turns milky white. When rice-like protrusions (primitives) can be confirmed on the surface of the culture medium 2, germination is promoted by continuously irradiating with illumination 5 of 2000 lux or more for 24 hours, and the germination is confirmed by changing the protrusions to orange. To do.

  Immediately after germination, the culture medium 2 is brought into a cultivation house that can be shielded from light, and the containers 1 are horizontally arranged on the shelf 4 in a horizontal posture so that the drain outlet 3a is positioned below, and stacked in multiple stages. Then, temperature management of 18 to 24 ° C., humidity management of 80 to 90%, illuminance management that is bright in the morning and dark at night, and sufficient ventilation management are continued. At this time as well, the water W condensed in the container 1 flows down and is drained from the drain outlet 3a, and does not directly touch the Cordyceps A or stay in the culture medium 2 (see FIG. 4). Further, even if a water droplet falls from above, it does not flow through the outer surface of the container 1 and enter the container 1.

  Thereafter, Cordyceps A grown to 5-8 cm can be harvested after about 40 days. The harvested Cordyceps A is separated into fruit bodies and mycelial masses, and each is dried to a moisture content of about 8%. The fruiting body is used for health food for humans, and the mycelium is applied for feed additives for livestock.

  The technology of the present invention can be applied to mushrooms in addition to cordyceps.

1 Container 2 Medium 3 Film 3a Drain 4 Shelf 5 Lighting A Cordyceps W Water

Claims (4)

  A shape-retaining medium attached to the inner bottom of a transparent or translucent container whose upper surface is open is attached, and a culture seedling of Cordyceps sinensis is inoculated on the medium so that the opening of the container has air permeability and moisture permeability. Covered with a transparent or translucent film, provided with drainage means on the lower film or part of the container with the container in a landscape orientation, placed the container in a landscape orientation in a humid environment, A method for cultivating cordyceps, characterized by culturing while irradiating light from the front of the opening of the container.   The method for cultivating Cordyceps sinensise according to claim 1, wherein a transparent film is used, a large number of containers are horizontally arranged in a horizontal orientation, and these are stacked and cultured in multiple stages.   The method for cultivating Cordyceps sinensise according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the medium is obtained by kneading water containing rice flour as a main component.   The method for cultivating Cordyceps sinensis as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the medium is supplemented with an extract extracted from insects.

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