JP5818157B2 - Urban area evaluation device, urban area evaluation method, program, and storage medium - Google Patents

Description

  In particular, the present invention relates to an urban area evaluation apparatus, an urban area evaluation method, a program thereof, and a storage medium storing the program, which are suitable for evaluating the value of facilities on a map.

  Conventionally, a city evaluation map is used to evaluate the value of a facility. For example, the value of the facility varies depending on the distance from a hospital, a convenience store, a train station, and the like, and the value (evaluation value) of the facility is calculated using an urban area evaluation map. In addition, in order to efficiently arrange important facilities such as hospitals by city planning, the arrangement is determined using an urban area evaluation map.

  Since there are a plurality of facilities such as hospitals and convenience stores in an urban area, it is necessary to calculate an evaluation value in consideration of these facilities. Thus, for example, by applying the high-order discrete Voronoi diagram disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1, evaluation values corresponding to a plurality of facilities can be calculated.

Takayasu Hamada, Sadayuki Murashima, Takashi Watanabe, Kunihiko Mori, Mitsugu Kurizono, "On the creation of higher-order Voronoi diagrams on two-dimensional discrete screens", IEICE Transactions, J82-A (2), 283- 288, 1999-02-25 Kei Kobayashi, Atsuyoshi Sugihara, "Approximate Construction Method of Multiplicative Weighted Crystal Growth Voronoi Diagram and its Application", IEICE Transactions, J83-A (12), 1495-1504, 2000-12-25

  However, since a route in an urban area is determined depending on the conditions of roads and bridges, if an evaluation value is simply calculated based on a distance from an important facility such as a hospital, an appropriate evaluation value may not be obtained. For example, even if the hospital is on the other side of the river and the distance is only about 100m, if the distance to the bridge is long, it will take a lot of time to reach the hospital. The evaluation value becomes low. In the conventional city area evaluation map, since it is created simply based on the distance to the facility, the reliability of the evaluation value is insufficient.

  Therefore, for example, using the fast forward method disclosed in Non-Patent Document 2, it is conceivable to calculate an evaluation value using a crystal growth Voronoi diagram that calculates the shortest distance by bypassing an obstacle such as a river. However, the method described in Non-Patent Document 2 is a method in which only the nearest generating point is considered, and when a facility is set as a generating point, an evaluation value cannot be calculated in consideration of a plurality of facilities.

  In addition, the method described in Non-Patent Document 1 enlarges the region concentrically around the generating point with reference to the distance table, so that the distance table can be used when detouring an obstacle. The evaluation value cannot be calculated. Therefore, when trying to combine these two methods, the amount of calculation becomes enormous and difficult to implement.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and it is an object of the present invention to easily create a city area evaluation map with high reliability of evaluation values.

An urban area evaluation apparatus according to the present invention includes: input means for inputting map data in a predetermined area, information on a plurality of facilities in the predetermined area, and information on user preferences; and the predetermined area input by the input means . An order determining means for determining an order which is a numerical value of 2 or more indicating the number of facilities whose route should be considered from the plurality of facilities based on information of the plurality of facilities in the area; and the predetermined area map data, the information of the plurality of facilities, and on the basis of the information about the user's preference, partition the order of arrival time from property in the region a ranking to the nearest number that is determined by the position number determining means in The order region diagram creating means for creating the ordered region diagram, and the order determining means based on the order region diagram created by the order region diagram creating means. Based on the high-order crystal growth Voronoi diagram created by the high-order crystal growth Voronoi diagram creation means for creating a number of high-order crystal growth Voronoi diagram, and at each point in the predetermined region And an urban area evaluation map creating means for creating an urban area evaluation map indicating an evaluation value.

The urban area evaluation method of the present invention is an urban area evaluation method performed by an urban area evaluation apparatus having input means for inputting map data in a predetermined area, information on a plurality of facilities in the predetermined area, and information on user preferences. And the order determination means indicates two or more facilities indicating the number of facilities whose routes should be considered out of the plurality of facilities, based on the information on the plurality of facilities in the predetermined area input by the input means. a position number determining step of determining the position number is a number, is of order area diagram creating means, the map data in the predetermined area, the information of the plurality of facilities, and based on the information about the preference of the user, the position and of order area diagram drawing step of a rank to number position determined to create a quantile area diagram that partition the order of arrival time from property in the region in several decision processes, high crystal growth Voronoi diagram generation means, based on the of order area diagram created in the position number area map creation process, the high crystal growth Voronoi diagram to create a high crystal growth Voronoi diagram of order determined in the position number determination step An urban area evaluation map creating means and an urban area evaluation map creating means show an evaluation value at each point in the predetermined region based on the high crystal growth Voronoi diagram created in the high crystal growth Voronoi diagram creating step. And an urban area evaluation map creation step to be created.

  The program of this invention makes a computer perform each process of the said urban area evaluation method, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  The storage medium of the present invention stores the program.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily create a high-order crystal growth Voronoi diagram, and it is possible to easily create an urban area evaluation map with high reliability of evaluation values.

It is a block diagram which shows the function structural example of the city area evaluation apparatus in embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the hardware structural example of the urban area evaluation apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the preparation procedure of the city area evaluation map by the city area evaluation apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. In embodiment of this invention, it is a figure explaining an example of the order area | region figure which calculated the 1st-3rd area | region for every facility (base point). In embodiment of this invention, it is a figure which shows the area | region of each mother point of the 1st-3rd place in case the some kind of facility exists. In an embodiment of the present invention, it is a figure showing an example of a high rank crystal growth Voronoi diagram. In embodiment of this invention, it is a figure which shows an example of the evaluation map regarding a convenience store. In embodiment of this invention, it is a figure which shows an example of a city area evaluation map at the time of making specific gravity of a hospital and a convenience store the same. In embodiment of this invention, it is a figure which shows an example of a city area evaluation map in case the specific gravity of a hospital and a convenience store differs. In embodiment of this invention, it is a figure which shows an example of a city area evaluation map at the time of making only a road specifically passable.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration example of the urban area evaluation device 100 according to the present embodiment.
In FIG. 2, the CPU 201 controls the entire city area evaluation apparatus 100 using, for example, programs and data stored in the ROM 202.

  The ROM 202 stores information such as a program for performing processing to be described later that does not require modification, various parameters, and the like. The RAM 203 includes SDRAM, DRAM, and the like, and includes an area for temporarily storing programs and data loaded from the ROM 202 and a work area necessary for the CPU 201 to perform various processes.

  The display device 204 is a device that displays, for example, an evaluation map created by the urban area evaluation device 100 or displays other information, and outputs various data and various information based on the control of the CPU 201. Is done. The communication I / F 205 controls transmission / reception of various data and various information performed between the urban area evaluation device 100 and an external device.

  The input device 206 is, for example, a mouse or a keyboard, and is operated when the user gives various instructions to the city area evaluation apparatus 100, for example, and inputs the instructions to the CPU 201 or the like. The bus 207 connects the CPU 201, the ROM 202, the RAM 203, the display device 204, the communication I / F 205, and the input device 206 so that they can communicate with each other.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration example of an urban area evaluation apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment. Hereinafter, according to the flowchart shown in FIG. 3, the preparation procedure of the urban area evaluation map by the urban area evaluation apparatus 100 which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated.
In FIG. 1, an urban area evaluation apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment includes an input unit 101, an order determination unit 102, an order region diagram creation unit 103, a high-order crystal growth Voronoi diagram creation unit 104, an evaluation map creation unit 105, and an output unit. 106.

  First, in step S301, the input unit 101 uses the communication I / F 205 or the input device 206 to map data of an area where a city area evaluation map is to be created, facility information such as a hospital or a convenience store, and population distribution in the area. And information related to user preferences.

  Next, in step S302, the order determining unit 102 determines the order of a high-order crystal growth Voronoi diagram, which will be described later, in consideration of the target map area and the distance between facilities. If the number of target facilities is N, 1st to Nth high-order crystal growth Voronoi diagrams can be created, but creating high-order crystal growth Voronoi diagrams of all ranks increases processing. It will take a long time. For example, if there are 10 convenience stores in the target map area, it is rare to use a convenience store farthest from a certain point, and it is common to use a relatively close convenience store. is there. Considering this, assuming that there is a possibility of using the facility closest to the third, in the following explanation, the order is determined to be 3, and the higher-order crystal growth Voronoi diagram below that is not created. explain.

  Next, in step S303, the order region diagram creating unit 103 grows crystals for each type of facility, using the location of the facility as a generating point, and creates a order region diagram indicating the region for each order. Here, for example, when there is an inaccessible region such as a river or a large facility, the region from the mother point is expanded by virtually crystal growth so as to bypass these obstacles. As a specific creation method, a high-speed advance method, a full search method, or the like can be used. In this embodiment, for example, crystals are grown by a high-speed advance method described in Non-Patent Document 2. In the high-speed forward method described in Non-Patent Document 2, when a region collides with an adjacent region in the process of enlarging the region, the region is not enlarged any more, but in this embodiment, the collision occurs at the boundary portion due to crystal growth. After that, the crystal is grown as a region below the second position. Thereby, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the order area | region figure 401 which computed the area | region of 1st-3rd place for every facility (base point) is created. As a method of determining the rank, the rank is determined by the order of arrival at the point by crystal growth in the same kind of facility.

  Here, the crystal growth rate is set based on the importance of the facility and the population distribution of the target area. For the importance of the facility, information regarding the input user's preference is considered. For example, in the case of a hospital visitor, the closer the distance to the hospital, the better. Therefore, the importance of the hospital increases. In the case of a general commuting office worker, the closer the distance to the train station is, the better. Therefore, the importance of the station becomes high. Thus, the importance of the facility is ranked based on the user's preference, and the crystal growth rate is changed according to the rank. For example, a facility of rank 3 is set to a growth rate three times that of a facility of rank 1.

In addition, the higher the population density, the narrower the range that can be covered by one facility. Therefore, the higher the population density, the smaller the growth rate is set to correspond to the population density. The growth rate v _ij of a facility when a facility is a generating point (i, j) is calculated by the following equation (1).

In the equation (1), P _ij represents a normalized population density (0 ≦ P _ij ≦ 1), and v ₀ represents a growth rate when the population density is 0. K represents the slowest speed ratio (0 <k ≦ 1) with respect to the fastest speed.

  In the high-order crystal growth Voronoi diagram, the region of each generating point can be expanded to the entire target space. For this reason, in order to create a high-order crystal growth Voronoi diagram based on a general method, it is necessary to obtain the entire expandable region for each generating point. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, by using the order region diagram, it is only necessary to have an order region diagram up to that order, and it is not necessary to obtain the entire expandable region. For example, when obtaining a third-order high-order crystal growth Voronoi diagram, it is sufficient if there is an order region diagram up to the third position.

  Further, in the high-order crystal growth Voronoi diagram, it is necessary to determine whether or not the region can be expanded when the region is expanded to a higher space. In general, when expanding to the K-th space, it is necessary to examine all target points on the K-1 to first-order spaces. On the other hand, when the order area diagram is used, the confirmation work is not limited to the order of the space, and only one point is required for the target point.

  Next, in step S <b> 304, the high-order crystal growth Voronoi diagram creation unit 104 creates a high-order crystal growth Voronoi diagram using the order region diagram created by the order region diagram creation unit 103.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the regions of the first to third base points when there are a plurality of facilities of the same type. When order region diagrams for all facilities (base points) are created, The area can be divided. FIG. 5A shows the first-order space, which has the same distribution as the crystal growth Voronoi diagram. Note that an area 500 shown in FIG. 5 is an impassable area.

  FIG. 5B shows the second place space. For example, a region 504 indicates a second place space of the generating point 501. That is, the region 504 is the first place space of the generating point 502 and the second place space of the generating point 501. Similarly, the region 503 is the second place space of the generating point 502 and also the first place space of the generating point 501.

  FIG. 5C shows the third-place space. For example, the region 506 shows the third place space of the generating point 501, which is the second place space of the generating point 505 and the first place space of the generating point 502.

  The high-order crystal growth Voronoi diagram creation unit 104 uses these first-third to third-order spaces, for example, as shown in FIG. Create a growth Voronoi diagram for each facility type.

  Next, in step S305, the evaluation map creation unit 105 uses the created high-order crystal growth Voronoi diagram to calculate evaluation values in the entire region of the target map, and the evaluation that reflects the change in the evaluation value depending on the ranking. Create a map for each facility type. As an evaluation value calculation method, first, an evaluation value val (x, y) at an arbitrary point (x, y) in a target map is calculated by the following equation (2).

  In addition, time in Formula (2) shows the arrival time from a facility (base point), and is calculated from a growth rate. Moreover, d has shown the order, and is either 1-3 in this embodiment. Furthermore, a indicates the ease of spreading of the Gaussian function, and b indicates the specific gravity of the evaluation. As for the specific gravity b, the specific gravity b is increased when considering only the closest facility, and the specific gravity b is decreased when considering a plurality of facilities, and the minimum is 1.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of an evaluation map related to a convenience store.
FIG. 7 (a) shows an example of an evaluation map when specific gravity is not provided (specific gravity b = 1). Since a plurality of facilities (convenience stores) are arranged on the lower right side of the evaluation map, evaluation is performed. The evaluation value tends to increase as it goes to the lower right side of the map.

  On the other hand, FIG. 7B shows an example of an evaluation map when specific gravity based on the order is provided (specific gravity b = 4), which is a facility (convenience store) than the example shown in FIG. The closer the value is to), the higher the evaluation value. For example, the area indicated by a circle 701 in FIG. 7A has a relatively high evaluation value because the distance from the third closest facility is sufficiently considered, but the example shown in FIG. Then, since there is a certain distance to the nearest facility, the evaluation value is low. In addition, since the region indicated by the circle 702 in FIG. 7A has a considerable distance from the second and third closest facilities, the evaluation value is low, but in the example shown in FIG. Since a nearby facility is in the vicinity, the evaluation value is higher.

  Next, in step S306, the evaluation map creation unit 105 synthesizes the evaluation maps for each facility, and creates a city evaluation map with specific gravity provided by the facility. As a method of creating an urban area evaluation map, first, a specific gravity is set on the evaluation value val (x, y) for each type of facility calculated by the equation (2), and the overall evaluation value V ( x, y) is calculated.

In equation (3), val _i indicates the evaluation value val (x, y) of the i-th type facility, and specific gravity r indicates the evaluation weight of each facility. Here, the specific gravity r is determined based on the user preference information input to the input unit 101. FIG. 8 shows an example of an urban area evaluation map when the specific gravity of the hospital and the convenience store is the same. FIG. 9A shows an example of an urban area evaluation map when hospital: convenience store = 4: 1. Furthermore, FIG. 9B shows an example of an urban area evaluation map when hospital: convenience store = 1: 4.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of an urban area evaluation map when it is specifically possible to pass only roads. The urban area evaluation map shown in FIG. 10 shows an example in which the specific gravity of the hospital and the convenience store is the same. In an area with a low overall evaluation value, the value of real estate is lower than an area with a high overall evaluation value. When purchasing real estate, the user can refer to a more accurate city evaluation map. Further, for example, when an urban area evaluation map with higher importance of hospitals is created, a more efficient city plan can be made, such as newly providing a hospital in an area with a low overall evaluation value.

  Finally, in step S307, the output unit 106 outputs the created city area evaluation map data to the external device via the display device 204 or the communication I / F 205, and ends the process.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to create an urban area evaluation map in consideration of detouring inaccessible areas such as rivers and facilities. Thereby, facilities can be evaluated with higher accuracy and can be effectively used in the real estate industry or city planning.

(Other embodiments according to the present invention)
Each means which comprises the city area evaluation apparatus in embodiment of this invention mentioned above, and each process of a city area evaluation method are realizable by the program memorize | stored in RAM, ROM, etc. of computer operating. This program and a computer-readable storage medium storing the program are included in the present invention.

  In addition, the present invention can be implemented as, for example, a system, apparatus, method, program, storage medium, or the like. Specifically, the present invention may be applied to a system including a plurality of devices. The present invention may be applied to an apparatus composed of a single device.

  The present invention includes a case where a software program (in the embodiment, a program corresponding to the flowchart shown in FIG. 3) for realizing the functions of the above-described embodiments is directly or remotely supplied to a system or apparatus. This includes the case where the system or the computer of the apparatus is also achieved by reading and executing the supplied program code.

  Accordingly, since the functions of the present invention are implemented by computer, the program code installed in the computer also implements the present invention. In other words, the present invention includes a computer program itself for realizing the functional processing of the present invention.

  In that case, as long as it has the function of a program, it may be in the form of object code, a program executed by an interpreter, script data supplied to the OS, or the like.

  Examples of the storage medium for supplying the program include a flexible disk, a hard disk, an optical disk, and a magneto-optical disk. Further, there are MO, CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, magnetic tape, nonvolatile memory card, ROM, DVD (DVD-ROM, DVD-R) and the like.

  As another program supply method, there is a method of connecting to a homepage on the Internet using a browser of a client computer. It can also be supplied by downloading the computer program itself of the present invention or a compressed file including an automatic installation function from a homepage to a storage medium such as a hard disk.

  It can also be realized by dividing the program code constituting the program of the present invention into a plurality of files and downloading each file from a different homepage. That is, a WWW server that allows a plurality of users to download a program file for realizing the functional processing of the present invention on a computer is also included in the present invention.

  As another method, the program of the present invention is encrypted, stored in a storage medium such as a CD-ROM, distributed to users, and encrypted from a homepage via the Internet to users who have cleared predetermined conditions. Download the key information to be solved. It is also possible to execute the encrypted program by using the key information and install the program on a computer.

  Further, the functions of the above-described embodiments are realized by the computer executing the read program. Furthermore, based on the instructions of the program, an OS or the like running on the computer performs part or all of the actual processing, and the functions of the above-described embodiments can be realized by the processing.

  As another method, a program read from a storage medium is first written in a memory provided in a function expansion board inserted into the computer or a function expansion unit connected to the computer. Then, based on the instructions of the program, the CPU or the like provided in the function expansion board or function expansion unit performs part or all of the actual processing, and the functions of the above-described embodiments are also realized by the processing.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Input part 102 Order determination part 103 Order area | region drawing part 104 High-order crystal growth Voronoi figure preparation part 105 Evaluation map preparation part 106 Output part

Claims (7)

Input means for inputting map data in a predetermined area, information on a plurality of facilities in the predetermined area, and information on user preferences;
Based on the information on a plurality of facilities in the predetermined area input by the input means , a rank that is a numerical value of 2 or more indicating the number of facilities that should take a route out of the plurality of facilities is determined. Order determining means;
Map data in the predetermined area, the information of the plurality of facilities, and on the basis of the information about the user's preference, the arrival time of the order of from rank is a by facilities to the nearest number that is determined by the position number determining means An order region diagram creating means for creating an order region diagram that is divided by region;
High-order crystal growth Voronoi diagram creation means for creating a high-order crystal growth Voronoi diagram of the order determined by the order determination means based on the order-region diagram created by the order region diagram creation means;
Based on the high-level crystal growth Voronoi diagram created by the high-level crystal growth Voronoi diagram creation means, and has an urban area evaluation map creation means for creating an urban area evaluation map showing evaluation values at respective points in the predetermined region An urban area evaluation device characterized by   2. The urban area evaluation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the order area diagram creating means creates the order area diagram by virtually growing a crystal around a facility with a detour as a base point. .   The urban area evaluation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the growth rate of the crystal growth is a rate according to a population density in the predetermined region and a preference of the user.   The urban area evaluation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the urban area evaluation map creating means creates an urban area evaluation map showing evaluation values having different specific gravity depending on the type of facility. An urban area evaluation method performed by an urban area evaluation apparatus having input means for inputting map data in a predetermined area, information on a plurality of facilities in the predetermined area, and information on user preferences,
Based on the information on the plurality of facilities in the predetermined area input by the input unit, the order determining unit is a numerical value of 2 or more indicating the number of facilities whose routes should be considered among the plurality of facilities. An order determination step for determining a certain order ;
Of order area diagram creation unit, map data in the predetermined area, the information of the plurality of facilities, and based on the information about the preference of the user, there in order to position number determined in the position number determination step Order region diagram creation process to create a rank region diagram in which the rank of arrival time from the facility is divided by region,
A high-order crystal in which a high-order crystal growth Voronoi diagram creation means creates a high-order crystal growth Voronoi diagram of the order determined in the order determination step based on the order region diagram created in the order region diagram creation step Growth Voronoi diagram creation process,
An urban area evaluation map creating means creates an urban area evaluation map indicating evaluation values at respective points in the predetermined region based on the high crystal growth Voronoi diagram created in the high crystal growth Voronoi diagram creation step. A city area evaluation method comprising: a map creation step.   A program for causing a computer to execute each step of the urban area evaluation method according to claim 5.   A computer-readable storage medium storing the program according to claim 6.

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