JP5822234B2 - Rice husk seeder - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rice husk sowing machine for sowing rice husk in a field, and more particularly, to a rice husk sowing machine installed in a non-self-propelled cart for harvesting that is widely used by farmers.

  For example, in an onion farmer, after seeding onion seeds in a nursery, rice husks are sown on the field surface to prevent drying. At this time, in general, a rice husk bag is placed on a trolley (non-self-propelled trolley) held by a farmer, and a handful of rice husk is taken out from the bag while pushing the trolley along the cocoon, and is sown in the field. However, rice husks need to be sown so that the soil is not visible. If the field is wide, it takes a lot of labor and time to sown rice husks.

  On the other hand, Patent Literature 1 discloses a rice husk sowing machine installed on an agricultural tractor. The rice husk sowing machine disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a hopper portion which is a main body portion and a support frame for installing the hopper portion on an agricultural tractor. The hopper includes a hopper having a horizontally long opening at a lower portion thereof, and a feeding wheel rotatably supported by the hopper and arranged along the opening, and the feeding wheel is driven by a motor using a tractor battery or It is connected to the tractor's PTO shaft and rotates. When the feeding wheel is connected to the tractor's PTO shaft, the feeding wheel rotates as the tractor progresses, and the rice husk is sown in the field in an amount corresponding to the traveling speed of the tractor.

  In addition, it is not a rice husk sowing machine, and it cannot be said that the concrete structure is clear. A fertilizer application device is described in which the wheels of a vehicle are brought into contact with each other obliquely and rotated together, and the power thereof is used as a drive source for the feeding unit. Further, in Patent Document 3, a hopper having a horizontally long opening at a lower portion, a feeding wheel rotatably supported by the hopper and disposed along the opening, and fixed to both ends of a rotating shaft of the feeding wheel A fine powder spreader consisting of a pair of wheels is described. When the hopper is pulled, the wheel rotates, and at the same time, the feeding wheel rotates to spray powder (agricultural chemicals).

JP 2003-153623 A JP 2007-222146 A JP-A-11-299411

The rice husk sowing machine described in Patent Document 1 is a work machine attached to the tractor, which can save labor and can efficiently sow rice husk, but it is low enough that each farmer can easily introduce it. It is difficult to provide at a cost.
In addition, the fertilizer spraying device described in Patent Document 2 or the fine powder spraying device described in Patent Document 3 may be diverted to a rice husk sowing machine. It is difficult to provide at low cost (disclosed contents are unclear). The latter is good when the amount of spraying per unit area is relatively small like pesticides, but if the amount of spraying per unit area is orders of magnitude higher than pesticides like rice husks, a separate rice husk bag is carried along A means to carry out (cart that conveys rice husk bags) and manpower are necessary, and it is not useful for labor saving as expected.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide a rice husk sowing machine that is low in cost and useful for labor saving.

  The present invention includes a hopper that has a horizontally long opening at the bottom and accommodates rice husk, and is rotatably supported by the hopper and disposed along the opening, and is accommodated in the hopper from the opening with rotation. A hopper portion including a feeding wheel for feeding out the rice husk, and a support frame for installing the hopper portion in the farm vehicle so that the opening is transverse to the traveling direction of the farm vehicle. The present invention relates to an improvement of a rice husk sowing machine in which the feeding wheel rotates to sow rice husk in a field. The configuration is a non-self-propelled carriage on which the farm vehicle can mount rice husk bags, the hopper portion is provided on a rotating shaft of the feeding wheel and has a driven wheel that rotates together, and the support frame is A frame support pin disposed at a predetermined position on the carriage parallel to the rotation axis of the feeding wheel, and a hopper portion support having one end rotatably connected to the frame support pin and the other end fixed to the hopper portion When the hopper portion is installed on the carriage, the driven wheel is arranged on the rear side of the wheel of the carriage, and comes into contact with the wheel with a predetermined pushing load due to the weight of the hopper portion. It is characterized in that it is driven to rotate with the rotation.

The rice husk sowing machine can take, for example, the following specific forms as needed.
(1) When the hopper portion is installed on the carriage, the frame support pin is disposed on the front side of the rotation center of the rotation shaft. Desirably, the frame support pin is disposed in front of the contact point between the driven wheel and the wheel. When the hopper part is installed on the carriage, if the center of gravity of the hopper part is behind the frame support pin (because the hopper part is suspended from the frame support pin), the driven wheel is Contact the wheel with a predetermined pushing load.

(2) A feeding guide is disposed along the outer periphery of the feeding wheel at the opening of the hopper, and the feeding guide can be advanced and retracted and positioned in the radial direction of the feeding wheel.
(3) An operation unit that swings the hopper portion between a feeding position where the driven wheel contacts the wheel of the carriage and a withdrawal position where the driven wheel is detached from the wheel of the carriage is installed in the frame, and the hopper portion is in the withdrawal position. Sometimes it can be locked in the same position by the operating part.

  The rice husk sowing machine according to the present invention is installed on a trolley (non-self-propelled trolley) held by a farmer. After installation, when the worker houses the husk in the hopper and pushes the trolley to run, The abutting driven wheel rotates, and accordingly, the feeding wheel of the hopper part rotates, and an amount of rice husk according to the traveling speed is fed out from the hopper opening, and is uniform over the soil of the field with the opening width of the hopper opening. Can be sown to a certain thickness. Labor saving is possible as compared with the case where the operator sows by hand, and one or two or more rice husk bags can be mounted on the carriage, so that a means for carrying the rice husk bags separately is unnecessary. In addition, this rice husk sowing machine has a simple structure and can be provided at a lower cost than the case where it is configured as a working machine attached to a tractor.

It is a top view of the rice husk seeder which concerns on this invention, and the trolley | bogie which installed this. It is also a front view. It is a side view similarly. It is the side view (a) of the hopper part vicinity when a small diameter driven wheel is made to contact the wheel of a trolley | bogie, and the enlarged side view (b) of a support frame. It is the side view (a) of the hopper part vicinity when a large-diameter driven wheel is made to contact the wheel of a trolley | bogie, and the enlarged side view (b) of a support frame. FIG. 4 is a side view (a) in the vicinity of the hopper portion when the hopper portion is at the disengagement position (the driven wheel is disengaged from the wheel of the carriage) and an enlarged side view (b) of the support frame. It is a side view explaining the structure near a hopper opening part. It is a top view of another rice husk seeder (what installed the rocking body in the hopper) concerning this invention, and the cart which installed this. It is a side view of the hopper part vicinity of said another rice husk seeder. It is a side view of the hopper part vicinity of said another rice husk seeder similarly.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 1-10, the rice husk sowing machine which concerns on this invention is demonstrated concretely.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the rice husk sowing machine 1 according to the present invention is installed in a cart 2.
The trolley 2 is a type that is widely used by farmers for harvesting and the like. The trolley 2 has a substantially horizontal pedestal 3 and four forks (fixed to the left and right of the left and right ends of the pedestal 3). Front forks, left and right rear forks) 4, 4,..., And four wheels (left and right front wheels 5a, 5b and left and right rear wheels 6a, 6b) rotatably installed on each fork 4. The pedestal 3 includes front and rear horizontal members 7, 7 and a plurality of vertical members 8, 8,... Connecting the horizontal members 7, 7, and curved members (handle portions fixed to the left and right of the front end portion and the rear end portion). ) 9, 9,. The lateral members 7, 7 can be expanded and contracted within a predetermined range, and the width of the base 3 can be changed as necessary.

The rice husk sowing machine includes a hopper portion 11 and a pair of support frames 12 and 12 for installing the hopper portion 11 on the carriage 2.
The hopper portion 11 includes a horizontally-long (long in the left-right direction) hopper 13 that accommodates rice husks, a cylindrical feeding wheel 15 disposed along the opening 14 of the hopper 13, and a rotating shaft 16 of the feeding wheel 15. It consists of driven wheels 17 and 18 installed.
The hopper 13 is a normal one composed of front and rear walls and left and right walls that become narrower as it is inclined downward, and a horizontally long opening 14 is formed at the center of the lower part. A rotating shaft 16 of the feeding wheel 15 is rotatably supported by a bracket (described later) fixed to the left and right walls of the hopper 13 via a bearing, and two large and small driven wheels 17 and 18 are installed in an extension portion 16a. ing. A reinforcing pipe 10 that connects the left and right walls of the hopper 13 is installed above the feeding wheel 15 in the hopper 13.

  The driven wheel 17 has a large number (12 in this example) of teeth 17a, 17a,... Arranged in a ring shape around the hub 19 and parallel to the rotating shaft 16, and the driven wheel 18 is a driven wheel 17. And a large number (12 in this example) of teeth 18a, 18a,... Arranged in a ring shape around the common hub 19 and parallel to the rotating shaft 16. The teeth 17a, 17a, ... of the driven wheel 17 and the teeth 18a, 18a, ... of the driven wheel 18 are arranged shifted in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 16. The hub 19 is fitted to the extension portion 16a of the rotary shaft 16, is slidable in the axial direction of the extension portion 16a, and can be positioned and fixed at an arbitrary position in the axial direction by the thumbscrew 21. Relative rotation is regulated by the engagement of the key and the keyway. 1 to 3, the large-diameter driven wheel 17 is positioned immediately after the wheel 6b of the carriage 2 and is in contact with the wheel 6b (the position of the hopper 11 at this time is the feeding position). .

As shown in FIG. 4, each support frame 12 includes a hopper portion side frame 22 and a receiving portion side frame 23, and a frame support pin 24 that rotatably connects the hopper portion side frame 22 and the receiving portion side frame 23. Become. The frame support pin 24 is installed in parallel with the rotating shaft 16 of the feeding wheel 15.
The frame support pin 24 is connected to one end of each hopper support frame 22, and the other end is fixed to one of the left and right walls of the hopper 13. More specifically, each hopper portion side frame 22 is substantially L-shaped by the hanging portion 25, the horizontal portion 26 and the bracket portion 27 as a whole. In each hopper support frame 22, the lower part of the hanging part 25 is fixed to one of the left and right walls of the hopper 13, the horizontal part 26 is fixed to the upper end of the hanging part 25, and the bracket part fixed to the end part of the horizontal part 26. 27, and the frame support pin 24 is connected to the bracket portion 27.

  Each receiving portion side frame 23 enters a groove-like portion whose one end side (portion closer to the end than the frame support pin 24) opens downward in the bracket portion 27 and protrudes upward in the vicinity of the end. A portion 28 is formed. The locking portion 28 limits a movable range around the frame support pin 24 of the hopper portion side frame 22 relative to the receiving portion side frame 23. A receiving member 29 having an upward groove shape (the groove direction is the left-right direction of the carriage 2) is fixed to the other end side of the receiving portion side frame 23. When the rice husk sowing machine 1 is installed on the carriage 2, the receiving member 29 is fitted from below into a support pipe 31 fixed to the lower surface side of the carriage 3 of the carriage 2. Thereby, the receiving part side frame 23 is attached to the carriage 2, and the rice husk sowing machine 1 (particularly the weight of the hopper part 11) is supported by the rear end part of the carriage 2. The support pipe 31 can be regarded as a part of the support frame 12 in terms of a member necessary for installing the rice husk sowing machine 1 on the carriage 2.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, when the hopper portion 11 is installed on the carriage 2, the hopper portion 11 is suspended from the frame support pins 24. In this state, if the center of gravity of the hopper part 11 (strictly speaking, the center of gravity of the hopper part 11 and the hopper part side frame 22) is located at the rear position from the frame support pin 24, the driven wheels 17 and 18 Due to its own weight (strictly speaking, including the weight of the hopper portion side frame 22), the wheel 6b of the carriage 2 comes into contact with a predetermined pressing load. The state is shown in FIGS. In order to ensure the driven rotation of the driven wheels 17 and 18 accompanying the rotation of the wheel 6b (to prevent slipping), the frame support pin 24 is disposed on the front side from the rotation center of the rotating shaft 16, or further It is desirable that the driven wheels 17 and 18 (the teeth 17a and 18b of the driven wheels 17 and 18) and the wheel 6b be disposed on the front side.

  One of the hopper portion side frames 22 (the right hopper portion side frame in FIG. 1, hereinafter simply referred to as the hopper portion side frame 22) has a predetermined width on the side surface of the bracket portion 27 at a position near the end of the receiving portion side frame 23. The feeding stop pin 33 is inserted through the elongated hole 32, and the handle 34 is fixed to both ends of the feeding stop pin 33 (portions protruding left and right from the bracket portion 27). . The handle 34 is held, the hopper part side frame 22 and the hopper part 11 are lifted, the driven wheel 17 or 18 is detached from the wheel 6b, and the feeding of the rice husk from the hopper part 11 can be stopped (the hopper at this time). The position of the part 11 is the separation position). At that time, when the feeding stop pin 33 is slid along the long hole 32 and placed on the locking portion 35 at the end of the receiving portion side frame 23 (the tip of the locking portion 28), as shown in FIG. The stopped state of the rice husk feeding (the detachment position of the hopper 11) can be maintained.

As described above, the rotating shaft 16 of the feeding wheel 15 is rotatably supported by the brackets 36 and 36 fixed to the left and right walls of the hopper 13 via the bearings 37 and 37.
As shown in FIG. 7, the cylindrical feeding wheel 15 has a plurality of (n) (n = 6 in this example) star-shaped cross section 15a and an outer diameter from the valley of the star-shaped cross section 15a. It consists of a plate-like cross section 15b erected in the direction, and has a rotationally symmetric shape n times (n = 6 in this example). Each vertex of the star-shaped cross section 15a and each vertex of the plate-like cross section 15b exist on a virtual circle 38 (indicated by a two-dot chain line) centered on the rotation center of the rotation shaft 16.

Front and rear feeding guides 39, 39 are arranged along the outer periphery of the feeding wheel 15 in the opening 14 of the hopper 13. As shown in FIG. 7, each feeding guide 39 has an inner peripheral surface 39 a having a substantially arc-shaped cross section corresponding to the virtual circle 38, is disposed over the entire length of the opening 14, and is provided with a thumbscrew 41 at both left and right ends. It is fixed to the left and right brackets 36, 36.
Each thumbscrew 41 is fitted in a long hole 42 formed in the bracket 36 so that the position of each feeding guide 39 can be finely adjusted. Each bracket 36 is formed with a pair of slots 43, 43 along the radial direction of the virtual edge 38, and projections 39b, 39b attached to the end edges of the feeding guides 39, 39 are formed in the slots 43, 43. 43 is slidably fitted. With this structure, the position of each feeding guide 39 can be adjusted in the radial direction of the virtual circle 38, that is, the interval between the inner peripheral surface 39a of each feeding guide 39 and the feeding wheel 15 can be adjusted within a predetermined range.

An example of the procedure when using the rice husk sowing machine 1 is shown below. However, the order of this procedure may be changed as appropriate.
(1) The support pipe 31 is fixed to a predetermined position on the rear side of the carriage 2 so as to be perpendicular to the traveling direction of the carriage 2. Since the position of the frame support pin 24 is determined by the position of the support pipe 31, whether or not the driven wheels 17 and 18 are in contact with the wheel 6b with a predetermined pressing load is determined by the position of the support pipe 31.
(2) Either one of the two driven wheels 17 and 18 is selected according to the target spray amount per unit area of the rice husk, and the selected driven wheel is positioned at a predetermined position on the extension 16 a of the rotating shaft 16. This is because, when the rice husk sowing machine 1 is installed on the carriage 2, the selected driven wheel is arranged at the rear position of the rear wheel 6b. For example, when the target spray amount is small, the large-diameter driven wheel 17 is selected, and when the target spray amount is large, the small-diameter driven wheel 18 is selected.

(3) The positions of the feeding guides 39 and 39 (the distance between the inner peripheral surface 39a of each feeding guide 39 and the feeding wheel 15) are adjusted according to the target spray amount per unit area of the chaff. The greater the distance between the inner peripheral surface 39a of the feeding guides 39, 39 and the feeding wheel 15, the greater the amount of spraying.
(4) Holding the rice husk sowing machine 1, the rice husk sowing machine 1 is installed in the cart 2 by fitting the receiving member 29 at the end of the receiving portion side frame 23 into the support pipe 31 from the rear side of the cart 2. FIG. 4 shows a case where the selected driven wheel is a small-diameter driven wheel 18, and FIG. 5 shows a case where the selected driven wheel is a large-diameter driven wheel 17. In the example of FIGS. 4 and 5, the frame support pin 24 is clearly positioned in front of the center of gravity of the hopper portion 11 (strictly speaking, the center of gravity of the hopper portion 11 and the hopper portion side frame 22). For this reason, the selected driven wheel (any one of the driven wheels 17 and 18) is surely brought into contact with the rear wheel 6b of the carriage 2, and the hopper portion 11 (strictly speaking, the hopper portion 11 and the hopper portion side frame 22). A pushing load proportional to the weight is applied from the driven wheel to the rear wheel 6b (the driven wheel is pressed against the rear wheel 6b).

(5) One or two or more rice husk bags 45 are placed on the base 3 of the carriage 2 and the carriage 2 is manually moved to a position across the fence 46 (see FIG. 2). Subsequently, when the rice husk is accommodated in the hopper 13 and the carriage 2 is pushed and moved along the rod 46, the driven wheel (any one of the driven wheels 17 and 18), the rotating shaft 16 and the rotation of the rear wheel 6b. The feeding wheel 15 rotates at a speed proportional to the moving speed of the carriage 2 (the rotational speed of the rear wheel 6 b), and the rice husk in the hopper 13 is fed out from the opening 14 and uniformly spread on the straw 46.

(6) When the carriage 2 comes to the end of the bag, the carriage 2 is stopped and lifted while holding the handle 34 and pushing forward. As shown in FIG. 6, the hopper part side frame 22 and the hopper part 11 are framed. The support pin 24 swings and rises around the center, and at the same time, the feeding stop pin 33 moves forward along the elongated hole 32 and stops at the front end of the elongated hole 32. When the handle 34 is lowered in this state, the feeding stop pin 33 is placed on the locking portion 35, the hopper portion 11 is held at the disengaged position, and the driven wheel (either the driven wheel 17 or 18) is attached to the carriage 2. The state is maintained apart from the rear wheel 6b. In this state, even if the carriage 2 is moved to the next cage, the driven wheels 17 and 18 do not rotate, so that the rice husk is not drawn out from the hopper portion 11.

8 to 10 show another rice husk sowing machine 1A according to the present invention.
This rice husk sowing machine 1A is provided with a rocking body 47 having a rockable frame slightly above the feeding wheel 15 in the hopper 13, and is different from the rice husk sowing machine 1 only in that respect.
The oscillating body 47 includes a rectangular support rod 48 having a length substantially equal to the entire width of the hopper 13, brackets 49 and 49 fixed to both ends of the support rod 48, a handle 51 fixed to the upper surface of the support rod 48, The frame body 52 is configured by assembling a plurality of vertical and horizontal wire rods 52 a and 52 b, and the frame body 52 is also fixed to the support rod 48. The frame body 52 has sufficiently rough meshes, and the contents such as rice husks flow downward through the spaces between the frame bodies 52.

A slot 53 is formed in the lower part of the bracket 49. The slot 53 is fitted into the reinforcing pipe 10, and the handle 51 is manually moved in the front-rear direction, whereby the frame 51 is moved in the front-rear direction around the reinforcing pipe (circular pipe) 10. It can be swung. The swing range (indicated by an arrow 54 in FIG. 10) of the frame 51 is disposed on a pair of locking portions 49 a (90-degree bent portions of the sheet metal) formed on the bracket 49 and the inner surface of the side wall of the hopper 13. Further, it is limited to a predetermined range by a locking portion (not shown) (see FIG. 10).
Since rice husks generally have good fluidity, bridging is unlikely to occur in the hopper 13, but when the rice husk sowing machine according to the present invention is used to sow granular materials such as bark compost that are inferior in fluidity, the hopper 13 In some cases, a bridge may be generated, and when the bridge is generated, the feeding cannot be continued. In such a case, the bridge 51 can be eliminated and the feeding can be continued by moving the handle 51 in the front-rear direction while pushing the carriage 2 and swinging the frame body 52.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rice husk seeder 2 Carriage 5a, 5b Front wheel 6a, 6b Rear wheel 11 Hopper part 12 Support frame 13 Hopper 14 Opening part 15 Feeding wheel 16 Rotating shaft 17 Driven wheel (large diameter)
18 Follower wheel (small diameter)
22 hopper part side frame 23 receiving part side frame 24 frame support pin 33 steering stop pin 34 handle 35 locking part 36 bracket 39 feeding guide 47 swing body 52 frame body

Claims (6)

A hopper having a horizontally long opening at the bottom and accommodating the rice husk; and a hopper that is rotatably supported by the hopper and disposed along the opening, and that feeds out the rice husk accommodated in the hopper as it rotates. A hopper portion including a wheel, and a support frame for installing the hopper portion in the farm vehicle so that the opening is transverse to the traveling direction of the farm vehicle. In a rice husk sowing machine that rotates and seeds rice husks on a farm field, the farm vehicle is a non-self-propelled carriage on which rice husk bags can be mounted, and the hopper has a driven wheel installed on a rotating shaft of the feeding wheel. The support frame has a frame support pin disposed at a predetermined position on the carriage in parallel with the rotation axis of the feeding wheel, and one end rotatably connected to the frame support pin, and the other end A hopper portion-side frame fixed to the hopper portion, and when the hopper portion is installed on the carriage, the driven wheel is disposed on the rear side of the wheel of the carriage, and the wheel has a predetermined weight to the wheel. A rice husk sowing machine, which contacts with a pressing load of, and rotates following the rotation of the wheel. The rice husk sowing machine according to claim 1, wherein when the hopper portion is installed on the carriage, the frame support pin is disposed in front of the rotation center of the rotation shaft. The rice husk sowing machine according to claim 2, wherein when the hopper portion is installed on the carriage, the frame support pin is arranged in front of a contact portion between the driven wheel and the wheel. The feeding guide is disposed along the outer periphery of the feeding wheel at the opening of the hopper, and the feeding guide can be advanced and retracted and positioned in the radial direction of the feeding wheel. Rice husk sowing machine described in any one. An operation unit for swinging the hopper portion between a feeding position where the driven wheel contacts the wheel of the carriage and a withdrawal position where the driven wheel is detached from the wheel of the carriage is installed in the frame, and the hopper portion comes to the withdrawal position. The rice husk sowing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that it can be locked at the same position by the operation portion. On top of the feeding wheel in the hopper, according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that oscillator for bridge eliminate having front and rear direction can swing a frame is installed Rice husk sowing machine.

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