JP5845148B2 - Edge structure of lining element for construction of underground structure and excavation method using the edge - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a blade structure of a lining element for constructing an underground structure and a method of excavation using the blade edge, and more particularly, to an underground structure on a ground below a railroad track or a road using the lining element. When constructing, the structure of the blade edge connected to the tip of the lining element.

  HEP & JES (High Speed Element Pull & High Speed Element Pull &) which is a method of constructing underground structures that are three-dimensionally intersecting the ground below railway tracks and roads. Jointed Element Structure) is known.

  As shown in FIG. 1, this construction method is, for example, a large number of long lining elements 2, 3 are arranged in parallel by traction or propulsion so as to divide the cross section of the structure on the ground below the track 1. After sequentially inserting and placing concrete inside the element to construct the lining wall 4, excavating the ground inside the lining wall 4, the lining wall 4 is structured like a box-shaped ramen type or circular This is a construction method.

  As a lining element used in such a construction method, a standard lining element having a square cross section and a general lining element having a U-shaped cross section that is successively arranged on the side thereof, and a joint between each element are used. Has already been proposed (see Patent Literatures 1 and 2).

  These reference lining elements and general part lining elements are both made of steel, and their structures are shown in FIG. That is, the reference lining element 2 is formed in a quadrangular section by four plates 5, and a joint 6 having a substantially C-shaped section is provided along the longitudinal direction at each corner. Further, the general part lining element 3 is formed in a U-shaped cross section by three plates 7, 8, and joints 9, 10 having the same shape as the joint 6 at each corner and the open end of the plate 7. Are provided along the longitudinal direction. The reference lining element 2 is first penetrated into the ground, and then the general part lining element 3 is penetrated into the ground on both sides of the reference lining element 2.

At that time, as shown in FIG. 2 only on one side, the general part lining element 3 is inserted into the natural ground while fitting the joint 10 on the open part side to the joint 6 of the reference lining element 2. In parallel with the general part lining element 3 previously inserted into the natural ground, a further general part lining element 3 is inserted into the natural ground, and the general part lining element 3 following this is The joint 10 on the open side is inserted into the natural ground while fitting the joint 9 on the corner side of the preceding general part lining element. Thus, the general part lining element 3 is sequentially penetrated into the natural ground, and the lining wall 4 as shown in FIG. 1 is constructed.

  In the construction method as described above, the cutting edge is connected to the tip of the lining elements 2 and 3, and the lining elements 2 and 3 are moved from the starting side to the reaching side by propulsion or traction while excavating the ground in front of the cutting edge. It penetrates into the ground. Excavation is generally performed by an excavator mounted on the blade edge, but manual excavation is selected depending on soil conditions. FIG. 9 shows a conventional example of a blade for exclusive use in human power excavation.

  The blade edge 50 has a bottom plate 51, a top plate 52, and a pair of side plates 53, 53 that connect them, and is made of steel and has a square cross-section with front and rear openings. The blade edge 50 has the same cross-sectional dimension as the lining element connected to the rear portion. The top end portion of the top plate 52 protrudes forward from the bottom plate, thereby enabling the excavation with a gradient in the face surface (see FIG. 10B), and ensuring the stability of the face. Although not shown, the blade edge 50 is also provided with a joint similar to the joints 6, 9, and 10 on one side plate 53, and is fitted to a joint of an existing lining element. However, such a blade edge 50 has the following problems.

  FIG. 10 shows the excavation work by the blade 50. (A) has shown the state which completed the excavation of 1 process, ie, the traction or propulsion to the last time. Next, as shown in (b), the worker who has entered the inside of the blade edge excavates a natural ground in front of the blade edge 50. The excavation is a distance that can ensure the stability of the natural ground, but the excavation releases the stress of the natural ground and causes the looseness L. For this reason, after excavation, as shown in (c), when the blade edge 50 and the element 2 (or 3) pass by pulling or propulsion on the ground where the looseness L has occurred, with the passage of time due to the influence of the overload, Element 2 (3) tends to fall below the planned height.

  In particular, in the case of the above-described HEP & JES method, since the joints 6 and 10 on one side are dug as shown in FIG. 11, the side on which the joints of the elements are not fitted tends to sink greatly as indicated by arrows. As a result, there is a problem in that it is inclined in the element cross-sectional direction and it is difficult to ensure accuracy.

JP 2000-120372 A JP 2000-179282 A

The present invention has been made based on the technical background as described above, and achieves the following object.
An object of the present invention is to provide a blade structure and a method of digging using the blade, which can prevent the lining element from sinking when digging by manual excavation and contribute to improvement of installation accuracy. .

The present invention employs the following means in order to achieve the above object.
That is, the present invention comprises a bottom plate, a top plate having a tip projecting forward from the bottom plate, and a pair of side plates connecting the bottom plate and the top plate, and penetrates into the natural ground. It is connected to the tip of the lining element to be cut and is a cutting edge for digging while cutting the face by human power,
In the blade structure of the lining element for building an underground structure, the bottom plate has an inclined surface portion that is inclined forward in the excavation direction and obliquely upward in the left-right direction and the tip portion rises. is there.

  More specifically, the inclined surface portion is formed with a line connecting the leading edge and one side edge of the bottom plate as a boundary with the flat surface portion.

Further, the present invention comprises a bottom plate, a top plate having a tip projecting forward from the bottom plate, and a pair of side plates connecting the bottom plate and the top plate, and penetrates into a natural ground. It is connected to the tip of the lining element to be cut and is a cutting edge for digging while cutting the face by human power,
The bottom plate has a blade structure of a lining element for building an underground structure, characterized in that it has an inclined surface portion that is inclined forward and directly upward in the excavation direction and the tip portion rises.

  More specifically, the inclined surface portion is formed with a line connecting both side edges of the bottom plate as a boundary with the flat surface portion. Moreover, the said inclined surface part can also employ | adopt the structure currently formed over the said bottom face board. Furthermore, the said blade edge | tip structure WHEREIN: The said inclination surface part can employ | adopt the structure that the inclination angle is variable.

  Further, the present invention is a method of excavation by human power excavation using the above-mentioned blade edge, and when a push-up force is generated in the blade edge along with the excavation, the lower ground in front of the blade edge is crushed and artificially loosened. In the excavation method characterized in that the lower ground is eliminated.

  According to this invention, when the blade edge and the lining element are penetrated into the ground, the inclined surface portion presses the loose ground that has been loosened by excavation as the blade edge passes through the ground below the excavation cross section. become. Thereby, the loose ground is compacted, the settlement of the lining element connected to the rear portion of the blade edge is prevented, and the element installation system can be improved.

It is a front view which shows the underground structure by the lining element built by applying the blade edge by this invention. It is a front view which shows the specific example of a lining element. It is a perspective view which shows embodiment of the blade edge | tip for the general part lining element by this invention. It is a top view which shows the example of a form of an inclined surface part. It is a side view which shows an excavation state. It is a front view which shows an excavation state. It is a perspective view which shows embodiment of the blade edge | tip for the reference | standard lining elements by this invention. It is a side view which shows another embodiment of the blade edge which made variable the inclination-angle of an inclined surface part. It is a perspective view which shows the conventional blade mouth. FIG. It is a front view which shows an excavation state.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the blade according to the present invention. This embodiment is a blade for the general part lining element 3 shown in FIG. The blade edge 20 has a bottom plate 21, a top plate 22, and a pair of side plates 23, 23 that connect them, and is made of steel with a square cross-section with front and rear openings. Further, the blade edge 20 is the same as the prior art in that the tip of the top plate 22 protrudes forward from the bottom plate 21.

According to the present invention, the bottom plate 21 of the blade 20 has the inclined surface portion 21a. The inclined surface portion 21a is provided so as to incline toward the front of the cutting edge 20 in the digging direction and obliquely upward in the left-right direction, and the tip portion rises. Specifically, the inclined surface portion 21a is formed by bending a line connecting one end of the front edge 24 of the bottom plate 21 and an intermediate portion of the one side edge 25 with a boundary 26 between the flat surface portion.

  In FIG. 3, the chain line 27 shows the external shape of the bottom plate of the conventional blade edge. By providing the inclined surface portion 21a as described above, the one side plate 23 is also formed so as to follow the inclined edge of the inclined surface portion 21a.

  The inclined surface portion 21a is not limited to the form shown in FIG. 3, and various forms can be adopted as shown in FIG. (A) has shown the form shown in FIG. 1 with the plane. (B) shows a configuration in which the inclined surface portion 21 a is bent with a line connecting one end of the front edge 24 of the bottom plate 21 and the rear end of the side edge 25 as a boundary 26 with the flat surface. (C) shows a form in which the inclined surface portion 21 a is bent with a line connecting the intermediate portion of the front edge 24 of the bottom plate 21 and the intermediate portion of the side edge 25 as a boundary 26 with the flat surface portion. (D) shows a form in which the inclined surface portion 21a is bent with a line connecting the intermediate portion of the front edge 24 of the bottom plate 21 and the rear end of the side edge 25 as a boundary 26 between the flat surface portion.

  5 and 6 show a state in which the cutting edge 20 is used and during excavation. As shown in FIG. 10B, the ground in front of the blade edge is excavated by a predetermined distance by human power as in the conventional case. After the excavation, when the blade edge 20 and the lining element 3 are penetrated into the natural ground by traction or propulsion as shown in FIG. 5, the blade edge 20 loosens by excavation as it passes through the ground below the excavation section. The slanted surface portion 21a presses the loose ground L that has produced the above. Thereby, the loose ground L is compacted, and the sag of the lining element 3 connected to the rear part of the blade edge 20 is prevented.

FIG. 7 shows the cutting edge 30 for the reference lining element 2 shown in FIG. The point that the blade edge 30 is composed of a bottom plate 31, a top plate 32, and a pair of side plates 33 is the same as the conventional one or the blade edge 20. Since the reference lining element 2 is penetrated into the natural ground alone without being fitted with the joints on both sides, it sinks over the entire width direction of the bottom plate (direction perpendicular to the excavation direction) when passing through the loose ground. Tend to. For this reason, the bottom plate 31 of the blade edge 30 is provided with an inclined surface portion 31a that is inclined forward and directly upward in the digging direction and the tip portion rises.

  Specifically, the inclined surface portion 31a is formed by bending a line connecting the intermediate portions of both side edge edges 35, 35 of the bottom plate 31 with a boundary 36 with the flat surface portion. The inclined surface portion 31a is not provided on a part of the bottom surface plate 31, but the entire bottom surface plate 31 may be the inclined surface portion. In the case of the blade edge 30 as well, since the inclined surface portion 31a presses the loose ground L that is loosened by excavation, the covering element 2 connected to the rear portion of the blade edge 30 is prevented from sinking.

  Depending on the soil, the degree of loosening of the ground due to excavation is small, and during the excavation at the blade edge 20 or the blade edge 30, there may be an action force that pushes up the blade edge by pressing the ground. In such a case, the lower ground in front of the blade edge is crushed during the excavation to artificially cause loosening. Or eliminate the lower ground.

  FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the blade edge 20 or the blade edge 30. In this embodiment, the inclination angle of the inclined surface portion 21a (31a) is variable. In order to make the inclination angle variable, the inclined surface portion 21 a (31 a) is connected to the flat surface portion of the bottom plate 21 (31) via the hinge 40. According to this embodiment, in the case of construction conditions in which the ground strength changes in the excavation direction, it is possible to adjust the pressing strength against the ground by changing the inclination angle of the inclined surface portion 21a (31a).

2 Reference lining element 3 General part lining element 20 Cutting edge 21 Bottom plate 21a Inclined surface portion 22 Upper surface plate 23 Side surface plate 24 Tip edge 26 Boundary 30 Cutting edge 31 Bottom surface plate 31a Inclined surface portion 32 Upper surface plate 33 Side surface plate 36 Boundary L Looseness ground

Claims (7)

A bottom plate, a top plate whose front end protrudes forward from the bottom plate, and a pair of side plates connecting the bottom plate and the top plate. It is connected to the tip, and is a cutting edge for digging while cutting the face by human power,
The blade structure of a lining element for constructing an underground structure, wherein the bottom plate has an inclined surface portion that is inclined forward in the excavation direction and obliquely upward in the left-right direction and the tip portion rises.   The lining element for building an underground structure according to claim 1, wherein the inclined surface portion is formed with a line connecting the leading edge and one side edge of the bottom plate as a boundary with the flat surface portion. The blade edge structure. A bottom plate, a top plate whose front end protrudes forward from the bottom plate, and a pair of side plates connecting the bottom plate and the top plate. It is connected to the tip, and is a cutting edge for digging while cutting the face by human power,
The blade structure of a lining element for constructing an underground structure, wherein the bottom plate has an inclined surface portion that is inclined forward and directly upward in the excavation direction and the tip portion rises.   The blade structure of a lining element for building an underground structure according to claim 3, wherein the inclined surface portion is formed with a line connecting both side edges of the bottom plate as a boundary with the flat surface portion.   The blade edge structure of a lining element for building an underground structure according to claim 3, wherein the inclined surface portion is formed over the entire bottom plate.   The blade edge structure of a lining element for building an underground structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inclined surface portion has a variable inclination angle. It is a digging method by human-powered excavation using the blade edge according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , and when a push-up force is generated in the blade edge along with the digging, the lower ground in front of the blade edge is pushed through. An excavation method characterized in that it causes artificial loosening or eliminates the lower ground.

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