JP5845823B2 - Kiln entrance dust collector - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a kiln dust collector.

  Coke as a reducing material charged into the blast furnace is produced by dry-distilling multiple brands of coal in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven. The carbonized coke is pushed out of the carbonization chamber by an extruder, and at this time, dust is generated from the kiln opening of the carbonization chamber. Various techniques have been proposed as a dust collector for collecting dust generated from a furnace mouth of a carbonization chamber (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  Patent Document 1 discloses a kiln dust collector including a dust collection hood provided in an extruder, a dust collector provided on the ground with a bag filter, and a duct connecting the dust collection hood and the dust collector. . The kiln mouth dust collector sucks dust generated from the kiln mouth of the carbonization chamber by a dust collecting hood provided in the extruder and attracts the dust to the dust collector through a duct to collect the dust. Patent Document 2 discloses a kiln opening dust collecting device provided in an extruder and provided with a dust collecting hood for sucking dust generated from a kiln opening of a carbonization chamber and an electric dust collecting device for adsorbing dust sent from the dust collecting hood. Is disclosed.

JP 2004-131604 A JP 2009-108250 A

The kiln dust collector described in Patent Document 1 requires a space between the hood provided on the extruder and a duct connecting the dust collector provided on the ground and the dust collector provided on the ground around the extruder. Increases in size.
Since the kiln dust collector described in Patent Document 2 is provided in the extruder, it can secure a wide space around the extruder, but the fire type (red hot powder coke) generated with dust from the kiln is hot. There is a problem that it is sent to an electric dust collector in a state and there is a risk of fire. In addition, the electric dust collector has a problem that fumes cannot be sufficiently removed from the gas.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to achieve both the miniaturization and safety of the kiln dust collector and achieve the same or better fume removal as a conventional bag filter.

  In order to solve the above problems, a kiln dust collector according to the present invention is provided in an extruder for extruding coke that has been carbonized in a coking chamber of a coke oven, and generates dust generated from the kiln of the carbonizing chamber. A dust collector that sucks in the contained gas, and a cyclone dust collector that is provided in the extruder and sucks in the gas containing dust sent from the dust collector and separates the dust from the gas, A cyclone dust collector equipped with a cylindrical metal body that inhals the sucked gas flows spirally along the inner peripheral surface, dust contacts the inner peripheral surface, and centrifuges the dust from the gas, and the extrusion And a filter that filters the gas discharged from the cyclone dust collector.

  (2) In the configuration of (1), the cyclone dust collector may separate the first dust from the gas and the second dust having a particle diameter smaller than the first dust by a mass difference. If it does in this way, while being able to use the 1st dust with a big particle size as a sintering raw material, the 2nd dust with a small particle size can be used as a combustion material which blows in from the tuyere of a blast furnace.

  (3) In the configuration of the above (1) or (2), the gas generated at the kiln opening contains fume, and the filter is a filter filled with activated carbon, for example, and gas sent from the cyclone dust collector The fume inside may be collected.

  According to the present invention, both downsizing and safety of the kiln dust collector can be achieved.

It is a perspective view which shows a coke oven and an extruder. It is a top view which shows a mode that the dust generated from a kiln is suck | inhaled with a dust collection hood. It is sectional drawing of a cyclone dust collector. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a coke oven 1 and an extruder 2. The X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis are three different axes that are orthogonal to each other. The definitions of the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis are the same in the other drawings. The coke oven 1 includes a plurality of carbonization chambers 11 arranged in parallel in the Y-axis direction, and a backstay 12 that protects the furnace bodies of the carbonization chambers 11.

  The carbonization chamber 11 produces coke by dry distillation of a plurality of filled coals. A discharge opening (not shown) for discharging dry-coke is formed at one end side of each carbonization chamber 11 in the X-axis direction, and the dry-coke is discharged toward the discharge opening at the other end side. An extrusion opening 13 is formed for extrusion. The discharge opening and the extrusion opening 13 are opened and closed by a detachable furnace lid (not shown).

  The extruder 2 includes a cart (not shown) that travels on a rail that extends along the direction in which the carbonization chambers 11 are juxtaposed (the Y-axis direction), and an extrusion ram 21 that can be moved forward and backward on the carbonization chamber 11 side on the cart. Is provided. The extruder 2 moves to the front of the carbonization chamber 11 after dry distillation, and opens the furnace lid that closes the extrusion opening 13. The furnace lid of the discharge opening in the carbonization chamber 11 is opened by a coke guide wheel that runs on the discharge opening side.

  In the state in which these furnace lids are opened, the extruder 2 pushes the extrusion ram 21 toward the extrusion opening 13 into the carbonization chamber 11, and the coke that has been carbonized from the discharge opening is discharged from the carbonization chamber 11. Extrude outside. The coke pushed out of the carbonization chamber 11 is transferred to a fire extinguisher via a coke guide car, and is extinguished in the fire extinguisher.

  By the way, when extruding the coke filled in the carbonization chamber 11 by the extrusion ram 21, fine coke dust and oil contained in the coke from the extrusion opening 13 (hereinafter referred to as the kiln 13). Fume, which is the vapor of the gas, is generated (see FIG. 2). Therefore, the extruder 2 is provided with a kiln dust collector 3 (hereinafter referred to as a dust collector 3) that supplements the dust and fume.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the dust collector 3 includes a dust collection hood 31 (dust collection unit), a duct 32, a cyclone dust collector 4, a filter 33, and a blower 34. The dust collection hood 31 is provided so as to be able to advance and retreat toward the carbonization chamber 11 and sucks a gas containing dust and fumes generated from the kiln 13 of the carbonization chamber 11. The duct 32 includes a duct 321 that connects the dust collection hood 31 and the cyclone dust collector 4, a duct 322 that connects the cyclone dust collector 4 and the filter 33, a duct (not shown) that connects the filter 33 and the blower 34, and discharge of the blower 34. And a duct 323 connected to the side.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the cyclone dust collector 4. The cyclone dust collector 4 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and its peripheral wall portion is made of metal. The cyclone dust collector 4 sucks the gas containing dust sent from the dust collection hood 31 and centrifuges two types of dust having different particle diameters from the gas. The cyclone dust collector 4 includes a main body 41 that centrifuges dust from a gas, and a chamber 42 that discharges the dust separated by the main body 41.

  On the lower end side of the main body portion 41, a tapered cylindrical portion 411 is formed, the diameter of which gradually decreases toward the lower end. An opening 412 is formed at the lower end of the tapered tubular portion 411. The tapered cylindrical portion 411 is connected to the chamber 42 through the opening 412. A suction port 413 communicating with the dust collection hood 31 is formed on the upper side surface of the main body 41. Inside the main body 41, an outlet port 414 communicating with the blower 34 is formed on the upper side.

  By transmitting the negative pressure from the blower 34 to the outlet 414, the gas containing dust sent from the dust collection hood 31 side is sucked into the main body 41 through the suction port 413. The gas sucked from the suction port 413 advances spirally along the inner peripheral surface of the main body 41 toward the lower side of the main body 41. At this time, the dust is blown toward the inner peripheral surface 415 of the tapered cylindrical portion 411 by centrifugal force, and proceeds downward while contacting the inner peripheral surface 415.

  Here, since the main body portion 41 is made of metal, it is possible to cool the gas and dust traveling downward from the main body portion 41. The gas traveling in a spiral shape toward the lower side of the main body 41 reverses the traveling direction from the lower side to the upper side in the vicinity of the opening 412, and the dust is discharged from the opening 412 to the chamber 42. The dust discharged into the chamber 42 falls into the dust box and is collected. This dust is coarse dust (first dust) having a particle size equal to or larger than a predetermined value. The gas from which the dust has been separated in the vicinity of the opening 412 passes through the radial center of the main body 41 and is discharged from the outlet 414 to the blower 34 side.

  4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. A plurality of sub-openings 417 are formed on the inner peripheral surface 416 at the top of the main body 41 at intervals in the circumferential direction. The sub opening 417 is formed in a slit shape extending downward. The sub-opening 417 discharges dust from the gas rotating in a spiral shape to the outside in the radial direction of the main body 41 and separates it from the gas. The dust separated in the sub-opening 417 is fine dust (second dust) having a particle size of a predetermined value or less, and is collected in the dust box through the collection tube 418. Here, the boundary value of the particle sizes of the first and second dusts can be changed as appropriate by changing the specifications of the cyclone dust collector 4.

  Thus, the cyclone dust collector 4 of this embodiment has a cooling function for cooling gas, high-temperature dust, and the like, as well as a dust separation function. Therefore, the gas discharged from the cyclone dust collector 4 is sufficiently cooled. For this reason, in the case of a conventional bag filter alone, it is not necessary to suck excess air by preventing the filter cloth from burning, and the amount of dust collected can be reduced by that amount, and the blower can be downsized. Further, the cyclone dust collector 4 and the filter 33 positioned downstream of the cyclone dust collector 4 can be installed in an area close to each other. As described above, both the cyclone dust collector 4 and the filter 33 can be mounted on the extruder 2.

  In the present embodiment, the dust contained in the gas can be separated into dust having a large particle size and dust having a small particle size in the cyclone dust collector 4. Therefore, dust can be utilized for various applications according to the particle diameter. For example, dust having a large particle size can be used as a sintering raw material. Dust having a small particle size can be used as a combustion material blown from the blast furnace tuyeres.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the filter 33 collects fumes in the gas sent from the cyclone dust collector 4 and collects dust in the gas that was not collected by the cyclone dust collector 4. As the filter 33, for example, a porous filter, a bag filter (filter cloth), a water-absorbing polymer, an activated carbon packed layer, and a ceramic ball packed layer can be appropriately used as described later.

  In the present embodiment, the fumes that are the vapor of coke oil are cooled and liquefied in the cyclone dust collector 4, so that the fumes can be easily adsorbed by the filter 33. That is, according to the cyclone dust collector 4 of the present embodiment, in addition to the original effect of the dust collector that separates dust, it is possible to obtain the avoidance of excessive air suction by temperature cooling, the prevention of ignition of the filter 33 and the liquefaction effect of fume. . By consolidating a plurality of functions into the cyclone dust collector 4, it is possible to reduce costs and downsize equipment. The blower 34 sucks the gas that has passed through the filter 33 and discharges it from the duct 323.

  In selecting a filter, when the gas temperature after the cyclone is 200 ° C. or less at which heat resistance can be ensured even with a filter cloth, it is preferable to use a filter cloth as a filter in this embodiment. This is because it is cheaper and easier to manage equipment than other filters. Further, when the gas temperature after the cyclone is relatively high and it is difficult to apply the filter cloth, a filter with a ceramic ball packed layer is preferable. Unnecessary gas suction for cooling the gas temperature can be avoided. Moreover, when it is necessary to reduce the fumes in the exhaust gas more than before, an activated carbon packed bed filter may be used. Even at a relatively high temperature, the fume can be sufficiently removed.

  Here, when collecting dust and fume with one facility such as a bag dust collector provided on the ground, the facility scale is large and the facility is expensive. In addition, a countermeasure is required when the temperature of the gas to be sucked rises excessively, and the amount of suction air increases. However, in the present embodiment, dust is mainly collected by the cyclone dust collector 4, the gas temperature is reduced, and suction of excess air can be avoided.

Further, the fumes are efficiently removed by the filter 33. Since the dust collection facility and the fume removal facility are separated and appropriately designed, the facility scale can be reduced to a facility scale that can be installed in the extruder 2 while maintaining the dust collection efficiency, thereby reducing the equipment cost. it can. In addition, in the present embodiment, as described above, since the hot gas can be cooled by the cyclone dust collector 4, high safety against fire of the filter can be obtained. Further, by using a packed bed of activated carbon as a filter, fumes can be removed more than ever.
(Modification)
In the above embodiment, the cyclone dust collector 4 separates and collects dust according to the particle size, but the present invention is not limited to this. The cyclone dust collector 4 may be a general cyclone dust collector that collects and collects dust regardless of the particle diameter.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Coke oven 2 Extruder 3 Kiln opening dust collector 4 Cyclone dust collector 11 Carbonization chamber 13 Kiln opening 31 Dust collecting part (dust collecting hood)
33 Filter 41 Main Body 411 Tapered Tubular Part 412 First Opening 414 Outlet 415, 416 Inner Peripheral Surface 417 of Cyclone Dust Collector Second Opening

Claims (3)

A dust collecting unit that is provided in an extruder that extrudes coke that has been carbonized in a carbonization chamber of a coke oven, and sucks a gas containing dust generated from a kiln opening of the carbonization chamber;
A cyclone dust collector that is provided in the extruder and sucks a gas containing dust sent from the dust collecting unit and separates the dust from the gas, and the sucked gas spirals along an inner peripheral surface. A cyclone dust collector provided with a cylindrical and metal main body that flows in a cylindrical shape and dust contacts the inner peripheral surface and centrifuges the dust from the gas;
A filter that is provided in the extruder and filters the gas discharged from the cyclone dust collector;
Kiln entrance dust collector.   The kiln dust collector according to claim 1, wherein the cyclone dust collector separates the first dust from the gas and the second dust having a particle diameter smaller than the first dust by a mass difference. The gas generated in the kiln contains fume,
3. The kiln dust collector according to claim 1, wherein the filter is an activated carbon filter and collects the fumes in the gas sent from the cyclone dust collector.

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