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JP5846551B2 - Three-phase triple voltage rectifier circuit - Google Patents
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JP5846551B2 - Three-phase triple voltage rectifier circuit - Google Patents

Three-phase triple voltage rectifier circuit Download PDF

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JP5846551B2
JP5846551B2 JP2011119108A JP2011119108A JP5846551B2 JP 5846551 B2 JP5846551 B2 JP 5846551B2 JP 2011119108 A JP2011119108 A JP 2011119108A JP 2011119108 A JP2011119108 A JP 2011119108A JP 5846551 B2 JP5846551 B2 JP 5846551B2
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正昭 作井
正昭 作井
翼 清水
翼 清水
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University of Toyama NUC
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Description

本発明は、三相交流電源を入力として、三相線間電圧の3倍の直流電圧が得られる三相三倍電圧整流回路に関する。   The present invention relates to a three-phase triple voltage rectifier circuit capable of obtaining a DC voltage three times as large as a three-phase line voltage with a three-phase AC power supply as an input.

従来のダムや発電所による大規模な発電システムに対して、近年、小型の水車や風車などを用いた小規模な発電システムが注目されている。しかし、こうした小規模な発電システムに用いられる永久磁石形同期発電機は、低い回転数で運転しているため、従来の三相ブリッジ整流回路では十分な直流出力電圧を得ることができない。そのため、昇圧チョッパや変圧器を用いる方法や、同期発電機の巻数を増やす方法が必要となるが、高コスト化や設備の大型化が問題となる。そこで本願の発明者らは、チャージポンプ方式を用いた三相三倍電圧整流回路を提案している(非特許文献1)。この回路は、図10に示すように、6個のダイオード(d〜d)と、6個のコンデンサ(c〜c)からなる構成であって、三相交流電源を入力として、整流するとともに、三相線間電圧の略3倍の直流電圧を得ることができる。 In recent years, small-scale power generation systems using small water turbines or windmills have attracted attention, compared to conventional large-scale power generation systems using dams and power plants. However, since the permanent magnet synchronous generator used in such a small-scale power generation system is operated at a low rotational speed, a sufficient DC output voltage cannot be obtained with a conventional three-phase bridge rectifier circuit. For this reason, a method using a step-up chopper or a transformer or a method of increasing the number of turns of a synchronous generator is required. However, the cost increase and the size of equipment are problematic. Therefore, the inventors of the present application have proposed a three-phase triple voltage rectifier circuit using a charge pump system (Non-patent Document 1). As shown in FIG. 10, this circuit is composed of six diodes (d 1 to d 6 ) and six capacitors (c 1 to c 6 ). In addition to rectification, a DC voltage approximately three times the three-phase line voltage can be obtained.

新谷英大、清水翼、飴井賢治、大路貴久、作井正昭、「チャージポンプ方式を用いた三相三倍電圧整流回路」、平成22年度電気関係学会北陸支部連合大会、A−61、2010年9月Hideya Shintani, Tsubasa Shimizu, Kenji Sakurai, Takahisa Oji, Masaaki Sakui, “Three-phase triple voltage rectifier circuit using charge pump system”, 2010 Japan Electrical Engineering Association Hokuriku Branch Association Conference, A-61, 2010 September

しかしながら、非特許文献1の発明においては、直流電圧のリップルを抑制するための平滑コンデンサcが設けられており、電圧の平滑化を回路構成の工夫により補うことで、コンデンサcを削除しても性能を落とすことなくさらに構成を簡素なものとする余地があった。 However, in the invention of Non-Patent Document 1, a smoothing capacitor c 6 is provided for suppressing the ripple of the DC voltage, by supplementing by devising of a circuit configuration of the smoothing of the voltage, remove the capacitor c 6 However, there was room for further simplifying the configuration without degrading performance.

本発明は、上記事情を鑑みたものであり、簡素な回路構成で整流と昇圧を同時に行うことができる三相三倍電圧整流回路を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a three-phase triple voltage rectifier circuit capable of simultaneously performing rectification and boosting with a simple circuit configuration.

本発明は、A相端子、B相端子およびC相端子を有する三相交流電源を入力とし、6個のダイオードと、5個のコンデンサとを備え、A相端子に第一コンデンサの一端が接続され、第一コンデンサの他端とB相端子の間に、第二ダイオードおよび第三ダイオードが、第一コンデンサ側をカソードとして直列に接続されており、C相端子に第二コンデンサの一端が接続され、B相端子と第二コンデンサの他端の間に、第四ダイオードおよび第五ダイオードが、B相端子側をカソードとして直列に接続されており、第一コンデンサの他端に、第一ダイオードが第一コンデンサ側をアノードとして直列に接続され、第二コンデンサの他端に、第六ダイオードが第二コンデンサ側をカソードとして直列に接続されており、第一ダイオードのカソードと第四ダイオードのアノードの間に第三コンデンサが接続されており、第三ダイオードのカソードと第六ダイオードのアノードの間に第四コンデンサが接続されており、第一ダイオードのカソードと第六ダイオードのアノードの間に第五コンデンサが接続されていることを特徴とする。 The present invention uses a three-phase AC power source having an A-phase terminal, a B-phase terminal and a C-phase terminal as an input, includes six diodes and five capacitors, and one end of the first capacitor is connected to the A-phase terminal. A second diode and a third diode are connected in series between the other end of the first capacitor and the B-phase terminal with the first capacitor side as a cathode, and one end of the second capacitor is connected to the C-phase terminal. The fourth diode and the fifth diode are connected in series between the B-phase terminal and the other end of the second capacitor with the B-phase terminal side as the cathode , and the first diode is connected to the other end of the first capacitor. There are connected in series with the first capacitor side as an anode, the other end of the second capacitor, the sixth diode is connected in series with the second capacitor side as a cathode, the cathode of the first diode A third capacitor is connected between the anodes of the four diodes, and a fourth capacitor is connected between the cathode of the third diode and the anode of the sixth diode, and the cathode of the first diode and the anode of the sixth diode. A fifth capacitor is connected between the two.

本発明によれば、6個のダイオードと、5個のコンデンサという受動素子のみからなる簡素な構成の回路によって、三相交流電源を入力として、整流するとともに、三相線間電圧の略3倍の直流出力電圧を得ることができる。   According to the present invention, a three-phase AC power source is input and rectified by a circuit having a simple configuration including only six diodes and five capacitors, and approximately three times the three-phase line voltage. DC output voltage can be obtained.

本発明の三相三倍電圧整流回路の構成を示す回路図。The circuit diagram which shows the structure of the three-phase triple voltage rectifier circuit of this invention. 本発明の回路の動作原理の説明図(1)。Explanatory drawing (1) of the operation principle of the circuit of this invention. 本発明の回路の動作原理の説明図(2)。Explanatory drawing (2) of the operation principle of the circuit of this invention. 本発明の回路の動作原理の説明図(3)。Explanatory drawing (3) of the operation principle of the circuit of this invention. 本発明の回路の動作原理の説明図(4)。Explanatory drawing (4) of the operation principle of the circuit of this invention. 本発明の回路の動作原理の説明図(5)。Explanatory drawing (5) of the operation principle of the circuit of this invention. 本発明の回路の動作原理の説明図(6)。Explanatory drawing (6) of the operation principle of the circuit of this invention. 相電圧とダイオードの導通状態との関係を示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between a phase voltage and the conduction | electrical_connection state of a diode. (a)はシミュレーション結果を示すグラフ、(b)は実験結果を示すグラフ。(A) is a graph which shows a simulation result, (b) is a graph which shows an experimental result. 従来の三相三倍電圧整流回路の構成を示す回路図。The circuit diagram which shows the structure of the conventional three-phase triple voltage rectifier circuit.

本発明の三相三倍電圧整流回路の具体的な構成について、各図面に基づいて説明する。図1に示すように、この回路は三相交流電源を入力とするものであって、三相交流電源は、A相端子T、B相端子TおよびC相端子Tを有する。そして、回路は6個のダイオードと、5個のコンデンサとを備える。まず、A相端子Tに第一コンデンサCの一端が接続され、第一コンデンサCの他端とB相端子Tの間に、第二ダイオードDおよび第三ダイオードDが、第一コンデンサC側をカソードとして直列に接続されている。また、C相端子Tに第二コンデンサCの一端が接続され、B相端子Tと第二コンデンサCの他端の間に、第四ダイオードDおよび第五ダイオードDが、B相端子T側をカソードとして直列に接続されている。さらに、第一コンデンサC の他端に、第一ダイオードD が第一コンデンサC 側をアノードとして直列に接続され、第二コンデンサC の他端に、第六ダイオードD が第二コンデンサC 側をカソードとして直列に接続されている。そして、第一ダイオードDのカソードと第四ダイオードDのアノードの間に第三コンデンサCが接続されている。また、第三ダイオードDのカソードと第六ダイオードDのアノードの間に第四コンデンサCが接続されている。さらに、第一ダイオードDのカソードと第六ダイオードDのアノードの間に第五コンデンサCが接続されている。なお、A相、B相およびC相の相電圧を、それぞれE,E,Eとし、線間電圧を、それぞれVab(=E−E),Vbc(=E−E),Vca(=E−E)とする。また、この回路に接続される負荷を、負荷抵抗Rで表す。 A specific configuration of the three-phase triple voltage rectifier circuit of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, this circuit receives a three-phase AC power source, and the three-phase AC power source has an A-phase terminal Ta, a B-phase terminal Tb, and a C-phase terminal Tc . The circuit includes 6 diodes and 5 capacitors. First, A phase to the terminal T a is the first end of the capacitor C 1 is connected, between the first capacitor C 1 of the other end B-phase terminal T b, the second diode D 2 and the third diode D 3, It is connected in series with the first capacitor C 1 side as a cathode. One end of the second capacitor C 2 is connected to the C phase terminal T c, during the B phase terminal T b and the second capacitor C 2 and the other end, the fourth diode D 4 and a fifth diode D 5, The B-phase terminal Tb side is connected in series with the cathode as the cathode. Furthermore, the first end of the capacitor C 1, the first diode D 1 is connected in series with the first capacitor C 1 side as an anode, the second end of the capacitor C 2, the sixth diode D 6 second They are connected in series to the capacitor C 2 side as a cathode. Then, the third capacitor C 3 is connected between the anode of the cathode of the first diode D 1 and a fourth diode D 4. Further, the fourth capacitor C 4 is connected between the anode of the third diode D 3 of the cathode and the sixth diode D 6. Further, the fifth capacitor C 5 is connected between the anode of the cathode of the first diode D 1 and the sixth diode D 6. The phase voltages of the A phase, the B phase, and the C phase are E a , E b , and E c , respectively, and the line voltages are V ab (= E a −E b ) and V bc (= E b − E c ), V ca (= E c −E a ). Further, a load connected to this circuit is represented by a load resistance RL .

続いて、このように構成した三相三倍電圧整流回路の動作原理を説明する。各線間電圧が負の半周期の場合と正の半周期の場合で、ダイオードが導通する組み合わせは6通りとなる。   Next, the operation principle of the three-phase triple voltage rectifier circuit configured as described above will be described. There are six combinations in which the diodes conduct when each line voltage has a negative half cycle and a positive half cycle.

A相とB相の間の線間電圧Vabが負の半周期のとき、図2に示すように、第二ダイオードDと第三ダイオードDが導通し、第一コンデンサCに線間電圧Vabの最大値Vが充電される。 When the line voltage V ab between the A phase and the B phase is a negative half cycle, as shown in FIG. 2, the second diode D 2 and the third diode D 3 become conductive, and the line is connected to the first capacitor C 1 . maximum value V m between voltage V ab is charged.

A相とB相の間の線間電圧Vabが正の半周期のとき、図3に示すように、第一ダイオードDと第四ダイオードDが導通し、線間電圧Vabの最大値Vに、第一コンデンサCに充電された電圧Vが加算され、第三コンデンサCに2Vの電圧が充電される。 When the line voltage V ab between the A phase and the B phase has a positive half cycle, as shown in FIG. 3, the first diode D 1 and the fourth diode D 4 become conductive, and the maximum of the line voltage V ab The voltage V m charged in the first capacitor C 1 is added to the value V m , and the voltage of 2V m is charged in the third capacitor C 3 .

B相とC相の間の線間電圧Vbcが負の半周期のとき、図4に示すように、第四ダイオードDと第五ダイオードDが導通し、第二コンデンサCに線間電圧Vbcの最大値Vが充電される。 When the line voltage V bc between B phase and C phase of the negative half cycle, as shown in FIG. 4, the fourth diode D 4 is the fifth diode D 5 conducts, line to the second capacitor C 2 maximum value V m between voltage V bc is charged.

B相とC相の間の線間電圧Vbcが正の半周期のとき、図5に示すように、第三ダイオードDと第六ダイオードDが導通し、線間電圧Vbcの最大値Vに、第二コンデンサCに充電された電圧Vが加算され、第四コンデンサCに2Vの電圧が充電される。 When the line voltage V bc between the B phase and the C phase is a positive half cycle, as shown in FIG. 5, the third diode D 3 and the sixth diode D 6 become conductive, and the maximum of the line voltage V bc The voltage V m charged in the second capacitor C 2 is added to the value V m , and the voltage of 2V m is charged in the fourth capacitor C 4 .

C相とA相の間の線間電圧Vcaが負の半周期のとき、図6に示すように、第一ダイオードDと第六ダイオードDが導通し、線間電圧Vcaの最大値Vに、第一コンデンサCに充電された電圧Vおよび第二コンデンサCに充電された電圧Vが加算され、第五コンデンサCに3Vの電圧が充電される。 When the line voltage V ca between the C phase and the A phase has a negative half cycle, as shown in FIG. 6, the first diode D 1 and the sixth diode D 6 conduct, and the maximum of the line voltage V ca the value V m, the voltage V m which is charged to a voltage V m and the second capacitor C 2 charged in the first capacitor C 1 is added, the voltage of 3V m is charged in the fifth capacitor C 5.

C相とA相の間の線間電圧Vcaが正の半周期のとき、図7に示すように、第二ダイオードDと第五ダイオードDが導通し、線間電圧Vcaの最大値Vに、第三コンデンサCに充電された電圧2Vおよび第四コンデンサCに充電された電圧2Vが加算され、第一コンデンサCにV、第二コンデンサCにV、第五コンデンサCに3Vの電圧が充電される。 When the line voltage V ca between the C phase and the A phase has a positive half cycle, as shown in FIG. 7, the second diode D 2 and the fifth diode D 5 become conductive, and the maximum of the line voltage V ca the value V m, the voltage 2V m charged to a voltage 2V m and the fourth capacitor C 4 is charged in the third capacitor C 3 is added, V m to the first capacitor C 1, V second capacitor C 2 m, the voltage of 3V m is charged in the fifth capacitor C 5.

以上のように、第五コンデンサCには3Vの電圧が充電されるので、線間電圧の最大値の3倍の直流電圧が得られることになる。そしてこの第五コンデンサCは、直流電圧のリップルを抑制するための平滑コンデンサとしても機能する。また、上述の動作原理から、ダイオードが導通する組み合わせは6通りあり、回路動作は相電圧E,E,Eによって、図8に示す6つのモードに分けられる。何れのモードにおいても、ダイオードは2個ずつ動作しており、各モードはπ/3[rad]ずつ切り換わる。なお、各モードにおけるダイオードの導通状態と図面との対応は、モードI:図3、モードII:図6、モードIII:図5、モードIV:図2、モードV:図7、モードVI:図4、となる。 As described above, the fifth capacitor C 5 and the voltage of 3V m is charged, so that three times the DC voltage of the maximum value of the line voltage is obtained. And this fifth capacitor C 5 also functions as a smoothing capacitor for suppressing the ripple of the DC voltage. Further, from the above operating principle, there are six combinations in which the diode is conductive, and the circuit operation is divided into six modes shown in FIG. 8 according to the phase voltages E a , E b , and E c . In any mode, two diodes are operating, and each mode is switched by π / 3 [rad]. The correspondence between the diode conduction state and the drawing in each mode is as follows: Mode I: FIG. 3, Mode II: FIG. 6, Mode III: FIG. 5, Mode IV: FIG. 2, Mode V: FIG. 4.

次に、本発明の回路の性能を確認するために行ったシミュレーションおよび実験の結果を示す。シミュレーションおよび実験において、回路定数は、三相線間電圧Vab,Vbc,Vca(実効値)を50[V]、各コンデンサC,C,C,C,Cの容量を2200[μF]、ダイオード順電圧降下を1.4[V]、負荷抵抗Rの抵抗値を290[Ω]とした。 Next, the results of simulations and experiments performed to confirm the performance of the circuit of the present invention are shown. In the simulation and experiment, the circuit constants are the three-phase line voltages V ab , V bc , V ca (effective value) 50 [V], and the capacities of the capacitors C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , C 5 Is 2200 [μF], the diode forward voltage drop is 1.4 [V], and the resistance value of the load resistance RL is 290 [Ω].

まず、図9(a)に、シミュレーションによって得られた三相線間電圧と直流出力電圧の波形を示す。三相線間電圧の最大値が70.7[V](=50[V]×√2)であるのに対し、直流出力電圧は196.4[V]となっている。出力電圧は、線間電圧の最大値の2.78倍となっており、略3倍の出力が得られるという結果となった。   First, FIG. 9A shows waveforms of a three-phase line voltage and a DC output voltage obtained by simulation. The maximum value of the three-phase line voltage is 70.7 [V] (= 50 [V] × √2), whereas the DC output voltage is 196.4 [V]. The output voltage is 2.78 times the maximum value of the line voltage, resulting in an output that is approximately three times as great.

そして、図9(b)に、図1に示す回路を作成して実際に測定した三相線間電圧と直流出力電圧の波形を示す。三相線間電圧の最大値が70.7[V]であるのに対し、直流出力電圧は192.5[V]となっている。シミュレーションにおいては無視されていたコンデンサの損失などの影響によって、出力電圧はシミュレーションの結果より低くなっているが、線間電圧の最大値の2.72倍となっており、略3倍の出力が得られたといえる。   FIG. 9B shows the waveforms of the three-phase line voltage and the DC output voltage actually measured by creating the circuit shown in FIG. The maximum value of the three-phase line voltage is 70.7 [V], whereas the DC output voltage is 192.5 [V]. The output voltage is lower than the simulation result due to the influence of the loss of the capacitor which was ignored in the simulation, but it is 2.72 times the maximum value of the line voltage, and the output is almost 3 times higher. It can be said that it was obtained.

以上のように、本発明によれば、6個のダイオードと、5個のコンデンサという受動素子のみからなる簡素な構成の回路によって、三相交流電源を入力として、整流するとともに、三相線間電圧の略3倍の直流出力電圧を得ることができる。そして、この回路を永久磁石形同期発電機と組み合わせることによって、小規模な水力発電装置や風力発電装置にも適用することができ、発電装置の小型化および低コスト化を実現できる。   As described above, according to the present invention, a three-phase AC power source is rectified by a circuit having a simple configuration including only six diodes and five passive elements such as five capacitors. A DC output voltage approximately three times the voltage can be obtained. Further, by combining this circuit with a permanent magnet type synchronous generator, it can be applied to a small-scale hydroelectric power generator and a wind power generator, and the power generator can be reduced in size and cost.

なお、本発明の回路の実施に際しては、たとえば、回路の三相交流電源側に力率改善用のリアクトルを挿入するなど、上記実施形態に示したもの以外の回路素子を追加してもよい。   When implementing the circuit of the present invention, circuit elements other than those shown in the above embodiments may be added, for example, inserting a power factor improving reactor on the three-phase AC power supply side of the circuit.

第一ダイオード
第二ダイオード
第三ダイオード
第四ダイオード
第五ダイオード
第六ダイオード
第一コンデンサ
第二コンデンサ
第三コンデンサ
第四コンデンサ
第五コンデンサ
A相端子
B相端子
C相端子
D 1 1st diode D 2 2nd diode D 3 3rd diode D 4 4th diode D 5 5th diode D 6 6th diode C 1 1st capacitor C 2 2nd capacitor C 3 3rd capacitor C 4 4th capacitor C 5 fifth capacitor T a A phase terminal T b B-phase terminal T c C-phase terminal

Claims (1)

A相端子(T)、B相端子(T)およびC相端子(T)を有する三相交流電源を入力とし、
6個のダイオードと、5個のコンデンサとを備え、
A相端子(T)に第一コンデンサ(C)の一端が接続され、第一コンデンサ(C)の他端とB相端子(T)の間に、第二ダイオード(D)および第三ダイオード(D)が、第一コンデンサ(C)側をカソードとして直列に接続されており、
C相端子(T)に第二コンデンサ(C)の一端が接続され、B相端子(T)と第二コンデンサ(C)の他端の間に、第四ダイオード(D)および第五ダイオード(D)が、B相端子(T)側をカソードとして直列に接続されており、
第一コンデンサ(C )の他端に、第一ダイオード(D )が第一コンデンサ(C )側をアノードとして直列に接続され、第二コンデンサ(C )の他端に、第六ダイオード(D )が第二コンデンサ(C )側をカソードとして直列に接続されており、
第一ダイオード(D)のカソードと第四ダイオード(D)のアノードの間に第三コンデンサ(C)が接続されており、
第三ダイオード(D)のカソードと第六ダイオード(D)のアノードの間に第四コンデンサ(C)が接続されており、
第一ダイオード(D)のカソードと第六ダイオード(D)のアノードの間に第五コンデンサ(C)が接続されていることを特徴とする三相三倍電圧整流回路。
A three-phase AC power source having an A phase terminal (T a ), a B phase terminal (T b ), and a C phase terminal (T c ) is input,
With 6 diodes and 5 capacitors,
One end of the first capacitor (C 1 ) is connected to the A phase terminal (T a ), and the second diode (D 2 ) is connected between the other end of the first capacitor (C 1 ) and the B phase terminal (T b ). And a third diode (D 3 ) are connected in series with the first capacitor (C 1 ) side as a cathode,
One end of a second capacitor (C 2 ) is connected to the C-phase terminal (T c ), and a fourth diode (D 4 ) is connected between the B-phase terminal (T b ) and the other end of the second capacitor (C 2 ). And a fifth diode (D 5 ) are connected in series with the B-phase terminal (T b ) side as a cathode,
The other end of the first capacitor (C 1), a first diode (D 1) is connected in series with the first capacitor (C 1) side as an anode, the other end of the second capacitor (C 2), the sixth A diode (D 6 ) is connected in series with the second capacitor (C 2 ) side as a cathode,
A third capacitor (C 3 ) is connected between the cathode of the first diode (D 1 ) and the anode of the fourth diode (D 4 ),
A fourth capacitor (C 4 ) is connected between the cathode of the third diode (D 3 ) and the anode of the sixth diode (D 6 ),
A three-phase triple voltage rectifier circuit, characterized in that a fifth capacitor (C 5 ) is connected between the cathode of the first diode (D 1 ) and the anode of the sixth diode (D 6 ).
JP2011119108A 2011-05-27 2011-05-27 Three-phase triple voltage rectifier circuit Expired - Fee Related JP5846551B2 (en)

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