JP5874479B2 - Machine Tools - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine tool.

A machine tool can selectively mount a turning tool and a turning tool on a common spindle, and can selectively perform turning and turning on a workpiece. Patent document 1 discloses the said machine tool. Rotation includes drilling and tapping, for example. Drilling, tapping, and the like are modes in which the main shaft rotates about the axis. Rotation is performed with the workpiece stationary. The turning process includes, for example, a facing process. Facing or the like is a mode in which the workpiece is turned relative to the main axis. Turning is performed with the spindle stopped. Spindle head is provided with engaged portion engaging portion of the tool for handed cutting machining is engaged. The operator attaches a turning tool to the spindle. The engaged portion engages with the engaging portion. Since the main shaft is mechanically fixed, it cannot rotate.

Japanese Patent No. 4543746

  The spindle cannot be rotated with a turning tool attached. Therefore, if the machine tool rotates the spindle with a turning tool mounted on the spindle, there is a possibility that an excessive load is applied to the spindle.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool that can prevent the spindle from rotating while a turning tool is mounted on the spindle.

Machine tool according to claim 1 of the present invention, selectively mounted tool for machining cutting tool and handed for a rotary processing to a common main shaft, selectively subjected to rotation processing and handed cutting a workpiece, and a machine tool capable tool change of the main spindle by the tool exchange mechanism, a spindle head for rotatably holding the spindle, provided in the spindle head, the engaging portion of the tool for handed cutting machining is engaged and the engaged portion that restricts the rotation of the tool for handed cutting machining particular basis, a driving unit for driving the spindle, the state of the main shaft at the time of power-off, a tool for the rotary working on the spindle mounting the first state, a second state of mounting the tool for the handed cutting machining, and the spindle state designating means capable specify at least one of the state of the third state of not mounting the tool, when power is shut down, The spindle is moved by the tool changing mechanism. And a spindle state control means for controlling the state of the spindle in which the spindle state designating means has designated.

  The machine tool can specify the spindle state when the power is turned off. Therefore, the machine tool can predetermine the state of the spindle at the next start-up. When the main shaft state is, for example, the first state, the tool mounted on the main shaft is a rotary processing tool. Therefore, when there is a spindle command for rotating the spindle after startup, the machine tool is not likely to break down even if the spindle is rotated. When the main shaft state is the third state, the main shaft is not equipped with a tool. Therefore, there is no possibility that the machine tool will break down even if the spindle is rotated when a spindle command is issued after starting. When the spindle state is the second state, the tool mounted on the spindle is a turning tool. The spindle cannot rotate. Therefore, the machine tool can take measures such as not rotating the spindle in response to a rotation command after startup. The present invention can prevent the spindle from rotating in a state where a turning tool is mounted on the spindle.

  A machine tool according to a second aspect of the invention can set any one of the first state, the second state, and the third state as a parameter in addition to the configuration of the invention according to the first aspect. The spindle state designating unit designates the one state set by the setting unit. The machine tool can set any one of the first state, the second state, and the third state as a parameter. Therefore, the operator can freely set any state according to, for example, a tool used on the site.

  A machine tool according to a third aspect of the invention includes the storage processing means for storing the parameter set by the setting means in the storage means, in addition to the configuration of the invention according to the second aspect, After starting, when the spindle command determining means for determining whether or not there is a spindle command for instructing rotation of the spindle, and when the spindle command determining means determines that there is the spindle command, the parameter stored in the storage means Based on the second state determination means for determining whether the spindle state designation means has designated the second state, and the second state determination means has determined that the spindle state designation means has designated the second state A spindle drive control means for ignoring the spindle command. The machine tool cannot rotate the spindle when the second state is specified. This is because the turning tool is a non-rotating tool. The machine tool ignores the spindle command after the next startup. It is possible to prevent the spindle from rotating with the turning tool mounted on the spindle. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an excessive load from being applied to the main shaft.

1 is a perspective view of a machine tool 1. 1 is a front view of a machine tool 1. The right view of the machine tool 1. FIG. The perspective view of tool TB. The perspective view which shows the state with which the tool TB was mounted | worn with the main axis | shaft 8. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of a machine tool 1. FIG. The conceptual diagram of the pot table 241. FIG. The conceptual diagram of the parameter table 242 at the time of a cutting | disconnection. The flowchart of a spindle state designation | designated process. The flowchart of the process at the time of power-off. Flow chart of processing at startup.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, the diagonally lower left, diagonally upper right, diagonally lower right, and diagonally upper left are the front, rear, right, and left of the machine tool 1, respectively. The left-right direction, the front-rear direction, and the up-down direction of the machine tool 1 are defined as an X-axis direction, a Y-axis direction, and a Z-axis direction of the machine tool 1, respectively. A machine tool 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a combined processing machine. Multi-axis machines may be subjected to rotation processing and handed cutting a workpiece (workpiece) selectively.

  The structure of the machine tool 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. The machine tool 1 includes a base 2, a Y-axis moving mechanism, a carrier 12, an X-axis moving mechanism, a column 5, a Z-axis moving mechanism, a spindle head 7, a spindle 8, a work holding device 80, an automatic tool changer (hereinafter referred to as a tool changer). 30) and the like.

  The base part 2 is a rectangular box-shaped iron member that is long in the Y-axis direction. The base 2 is provided with legs 3 at the lower four corners. The base part 2 includes a pedestal part 4, a right support part 18, and a left support part 19 on the upper surface. The pedestal 4 is provided on the rear side of the upper surface of the base 2. The pedestal portion 4 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, for example. The right support portion 18 and the left support portion 19 are pedestals having a height lower than that of the pedestal portion 4. The right support portion 18 is disposed on the right front side of the upper surface of the base portion 2. The left support portion 19 is disposed on the left front side of the upper surface of the base portion 2. The right support part 18 and the left support part 19 support the work holding device 80 from below.

  The Y-axis moving mechanism is provided on the upper surface of the base part 4. The Y-axis moving mechanism moves the transporter 12 in the Y-axis direction. The Y-axis moving mechanism includes a pair of Y-axis rails 61 and 62, a Y-axis ball screw 63, a Y-axis motor 52 (see FIG. 4), and the like. The Y-axis rails 61 and 62 are provided along the left and right ends of the upper surface of the pedestal 4. The Y-axis ball screw 63 is provided between the Y-axis rails 61 and 62. The transporter 12 is movable along the Y-axis rails 61 and 62. The carrier 12 is a metal plate member having a predetermined thickness, for example. The carrier 12 includes a nut (not shown) on the lower surface. The nut is screwed onto the Y-axis ball screw 63. The Y-axis motor 52 rotates the Y-axis ball screw 63. The carrier 12 moves in the Y-axis direction together with the nut.

  The X-axis moving mechanism is provided on the upper surface of the carrier 12. The X axis moving mechanism moves the column 5 in the X axis direction. The X-axis moving mechanism includes a pair of X-axis rails 71 and 72, an X-axis ball screw 73, an X-axis motor 51 (see FIG. 4), and the like. The X-axis rails 71 and 72 and the X-axis ball screw 73 extend in the X-axis direction. The X-axis rail 71 is arranged on the rear side of the upper surface of the carrier 12, and the X-axis rail 72 is arranged on the front side of the upper surface of the carrier 12. The X-axis ball screw 73 is disposed between the X-axis rails 71 and 72. The column 5 is movable along the X-axis rails 71 and 72. The column 5 includes a nut (not shown) on the lower surface. The nut is screwed into the X-axis ball screw 73. The X-axis motor 51 rotates the X-axis ball screw 73. The column 5 moves in the X-axis direction together with the nut. The column 5 moves in the Y-axis direction via the carrier 12. That is, the column 5 can be moved in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction by the Y-axis moving mechanism, the X-axis moving mechanism, and the carrier 12.

  The column 5 includes a protective cover 16 at the lower right side, a protective cover 17 at the lower left side, and a cover 13 at the lower rear side. The protective cover 16 covers the X-axis moving mechanism exposed from the right side surface of the column 5 to the right side. The protective cover 17 covers the X-axis moving mechanism exposed from the left side of the column 5 on the left side. The protective covers 16 and 17 move following the movement of the column 5 in the X-axis direction. The cover 13 covers the Y-axis moving mechanism exposed at the rear rear side of the column 5. The cover 13 expands and contracts following the movement of the column 5 in the Y-axis direction. The protective covers 16 and 17 and the cover 13 prevent chips and cutting fluid from entering the X-axis moving mechanism and the Y-axis moving mechanism.

  The Z-axis moving mechanism is provided on the front surface of the column 5. The Z-axis moving mechanism moves the spindle head 7 in the Z-axis direction. The Z-axis moving mechanism includes a pair of Z-axis rails (not shown), a Z-axis ball screw (not shown), a Z-axis motor 53 (see FIG. 6), and the like. The Z-axis rail and the Z-axis ball screw extend in the Z-axis direction. The Z-axis ball screw is disposed between a pair of Z-axis rails. The spindle head 7 is movable along the Z-axis rail. The spindle head 7 includes a nut (not shown) on the back surface. The nut is screwed onto the Z-axis ball screw. The Z-axis motor 53 rotates the Z-axis ball screw. The spindle head 7 moves in the Z-axis direction. The protective cover 28 is fixed to the upper rear side of the spindle head 7. The protective cover 28 moves up and down together with the spindle head 7 to cover the front surface of the column 5. The column 5 includes a Z-axis shutter 27 on the front surface. The Z-axis shutter 27 expands and contracts according to the vertical movement of the spindle head 7. The Z-axis shutter 27 prevents chips and cutting fluid from entering the Z-axis moving mechanism.

  The spindle head 7 moves up and down along the front surface of the column 5 by a Z-axis drive mechanism. The main shaft 8 is provided below the main shaft head 7. The main shaft 8 includes a tool mounting portion (not shown). The tool mounting portion is, for example, a tapered hole portion. The tool mounting portion is mounted with tools TA and TB. The tool TA is a rotary processing tool. The tool TB is a turning tool. Hereinafter, the tools TA and TB are collectively referred to as a tool T. The spindle motor 54 is provided on the front side of the upper surface of the spindle head 7. The main shaft motor 54 rotates the main shaft 8. A cable bear (registered trademark) 29 is provided between the upper part of the spindle head 7 and the upper part of the column 5.

  The structure of the workpiece holding device 80 will be described with reference to FIGS. The work holding device 80 includes a right fixing part 88, a left fixing part 89, a jig fixing table 81, a C-axis motor 56, a C-axis 82, a tilt motor 57, and the like. The right fixing part 88 is fixed to the upper surface of the right support part 18. The left fixing part 89 is fixed to the upper surface of the left support part 19.

  The jig fixing table 81 includes a table portion 81A, a right connecting portion 81B, and a left connecting portion 81C. The C-axis motor 56 is provided on the lower surface side of the jig fixing table 81. The C-axis 82 is provided at substantially the center of the jig fixing table 81. The C axis 82 is cylindrical. The C shaft 82 is connected to the rotation shaft of the C axis motor 56. A jig (not shown) is fixed to the upper surface of the C-axis 82. The jig is, for example, cylindrical and is arranged coaxially with the C-axis 82. The jig holds the workpiece. The axial direction of the C-axis 82 is orthogonal to the surface of the table portion 81A. Therefore, the jig can be rotated together with the C-axis 82.

  The right connecting portion 81B extends from the table portion 81A in the upper right direction and is connected to the right fixing portion 88 so as to be rotatable around the X axis. The left connecting portion 81C extends from the table portion 81A in the upper left direction and is connected to the left fixing portion 89 so as to be rotatable around the X axis. The tilt motor 57 is fixed to the right fixing portion 88. The tilt motor 57 rotates the jig fixing table 81 around the X axis. The rotation shaft of the tilt motor 57 is connected to the right connecting portion 81B.

  The workpiece fixed to the jig is rotated around the axis of the C axis 82 by driving of the C axis motor 56. Regardless of the rotation of the jig fixing table 81 by the tilt motor 57, the workpiece fixed to the jig rotates about an axis perpendicular to the table portion 81A by driving the C-axis motor 56.

  The structure of the ATC 30 will be described with reference to FIGS. The ATC 30 includes a tool magazine 31, a magazine support member 32, a magazine motor 55, a drive gear 35, and the like. The magazine support member 32 is an elliptical metal plate member. The magazine support member 32 is attached to the column 5 with the spindle head 7 and the column 5 inserted inside. The tool magazine 31 is inclined upward from the front to the rear.

  The tool magazine 31 is attached along the outer periphery of the magazine support member 32. The tool magazine 31 includes a chain 34 and a plurality of pots 37. The chain 34 is attached so as to be movable along the outer periphery of the magazine support member 32. The plurality of pots 37 are attached to the chain 34, respectively. The tool magazine 31 of the present embodiment includes, for example, 21 pots 37. The pot 37 can hold the tool T. The pot 37 is formed, for example, in an arm shape and is swingably attached.

  The magazine motor 55 is attached to the upper part of the magazine support member 32. The drive shaft of the magazine motor 55 is orthogonal to the upper surface of the magazine support member 32. The drive shaft of the magazine motor 55 can rotate in either forward or reverse direction. The drive gear 35 is attached to the drive shaft of the magazine motor 55. The drive gear 35 rotates with the drive shaft of the magazine motor 55. The drive gear 35 meshes with the chain 34 of the tool magazine 31. The chain 34 is moved in either the forward or reverse direction along the outer periphery of the magazine support member 32 by driving the drive gear 35. Therefore, the pot 37 moves along with the chain 34 along the outer periphery of the magazine support member 32. The position of the pot 37 located at the lowermost part of the tool magazine 31 is a tool change position. The tool change position is the position closest to the spindle 8. The ATC 30 replaces the next tool held by the pot 37 at the tool replacement position with the current tool mounted on the spindle 8.

  A processing method using the machine tool 1 will be described. The machine tool 1 is capable of rotating and turning. Rotational machining is a machining method that moves by applying a rotating tool TA to a fixed workpiece. For example, it is used for drilling such as drills and taps. The rotary machining uses a rotary machining tool TA. The tool TA can be rotated while being mounted on the spindle 8. Turning is a machining method in which a tool TB is applied to a rotating workpiece and moved. For example, it is used for facing processing. Turning is performed using a tool TB for turning. When the tool TB is mounted on the spindle 8, it cannot be rotated.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the tool TB includes a taper shank 101, a pull stud 102, a flange 103, and the like. The taper shank 101 is substantially conical. The taper shank 101 is mounted on a tool mounting portion (not shown) of the main shaft 8. The pull stud 102 is provided on the top of the taper shank 101. The pull stud 102 is a portion that is gripped by a gripping portion (not shown) provided in the tool mounting portion. The flange 103 is provided between the tool TB and the taper shank 101. The flange 103 has a substantially disk shape extending outward in the radial direction of the tool TB.

  The flange 103 includes a pair of key grooves 105 and 106. The key grooves 105 and 106 are formed in a rectangular shape, but the shape is not limited. The key grooves 105 and 106 are at positions facing each other across the center of the flange 103. The key grooves 105 and 106 are unique to the turning tool TB. As shown in FIG. 5, the spindle head 7 includes a pair of keys 91 and 92 on the lower end surface. The keys 91 and 92 are, for example, convex. The shape of the keys 91 and 92 corresponds to the shape of the key grooves 105 and 106. The keys 91 and 92 are in a positional relationship facing each other across the tool mounting portion of the main shaft 8.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the spindle 8 (not shown in FIG. 5) is in a state where a tool TB is mounted. The taper shank 101 of the tool TB is mounted on the tool mounting portion of the main shaft 8. The flange 103 is in contact with the lower end surface of the spindle head 7. The keys 91 and 92 are engaged with the key grooves 105 and 106. The keys 91 and 92 are locked to the inner surfaces of the key grooves 105 and 106. Since the tool TB is mechanically fixed to the spindle head 7, the spindle 8 cannot be rotated. As with the tool TB, the rotary machining tool TA includes a taper shank and a pull stud, but does not have a flange. Therefore, when the tool TA is mounted on the tool mounting portion of the main shaft 8, it does not engage with the keys 91 and 92, so that the tool TA can rotate together with the main shaft 8.

  With reference to FIGS. 1-3, the rotary process using the machine tool 1 is demonstrated. The operator fixes the workpiece to the C-axis 82 using a jig. The ATC 30 mounts a tool TA on the spindle 8. The tool TA is in a rotatable state with respect to the spindle head 7. The machine tool 1 drives a spindle motor 54. The tool TA rotates with the main shaft 8. Since the machine tool 1 does not drive the C-axis motor 56, the workpiece fixed to the jig on the C-axis 82 does not rotate. The machine tool 1 can drive the X-axis motor 51 to the Z-axis motor 53 to move the position of the main shaft 8 and rotate the main shaft 8 to rotate the workpiece fixed to the jig.

  A turning process using the machine tool 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. The operator fixes the workpiece on the upper surface of the C-axis 82 using a jig. The ATC 30 mounts the tool TB on the spindle 8. The tool TB is in a state in which it cannot rotate with respect to the spindle head 7. The machine tool 1 drives a C-axis motor 56. The work fixed to the jig on the C-axis 82 rotates. The machine tool 1 drives the X-axis motor 51 to the Z-axis motor 53 to move the position of the main shaft 8 and can turn the rotated workpiece with the tool TB.

  The machine tool 1 can adjust the workpiece posture around the X axis by a tilt motor 57. Therefore, a desired part of the workpiece can be processed. The machine tool 1 may process the workpiece by rotating the spindle motor 54 and the C-axis motor 56 simultaneously.

  The electrical configuration of the machine tool 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The machine tool 1 includes a numerical control unit 20. The numerical control unit 20 includes a CPU 21, a ROM 22, a RAM 23, a flash memory 24, an input unit 25, an input / output unit 26, and the like. The CPU 21 comprehensively controls the operation of the machine tool 1. The ROM 22 stores various programs. The RAM 23 stores various data. The flash memory 24 stores an NC program, a pot table 241 (see FIG. 7) described later, a cutting parameter table 242 (see FIG. 8) described later, and the like. The NC program is composed of a plurality of blocks. Each block includes various NC commands. The NC command is a control command.

  The operation unit 38 and the Z-axis origin sensor 39 are connected to the input unit 25. The operation unit 38 is provided, for example, on a cover (not shown) that covers the machine tool 1. For example, the operation unit 38 is a device on which an operator performs various inputs and settings regarding the operation of the machine tool 1. The Z-axis origin sensor 39 detects the origin of the spindle head 7 in the Z-axis direction. The drive circuits 41 to 49 are connected to the input / output unit 26.

  The drive circuit 41 drives the X axis motor 51. The encoder 51A is connected to the X-axis motor 51 and the input / output unit 26. The encoder 51 </ b> A detects the rotation amount of the X-axis motor 51 and inputs the detection signal to the input / output unit 26. The drive circuit 42 drives the Y axis motor 52. The encoder 52 </ b> A is connected to the Y-axis motor 52 and the input / output unit 26. The encoder 52A detects the amount of rotation of the Y-axis motor 52 and inputs the detection signal to the input / output unit 26. The drive circuit 43 drives the Z-axis motor 53. The encoder 53A is connected to the Z-axis motor 53 and the input / output unit 26. The encoder 53 </ b> A detects the amount of rotation of the Z-axis motor 53 and inputs the detection signal to the input / output unit 26.

  The drive circuit 44 drives the spindle motor 54. The encoder 54 </ b> A is connected to the spindle motor 54 and the input / output unit 26. The encoder 54 </ b> A detects the amount of rotation of the spindle motor 54 and inputs the detection signal to the input / output unit 26. The drive circuit 46 drives the magazine motor 55. The encoder 55 </ b> A is connected to the magazine motor 55 and the input / output unit 26. The encoder 55 </ b> A detects the rotation amount of the magazine motor 55 and inputs the detection signal to the input / output unit 26. The drive circuit 46 drives the C-axis motor 56. The encoder 56 </ b> A is connected to the C-axis motor 56 and the input / output unit 26. The encoder 56 </ b> A detects the rotation amount of the C-axis motor 56 and inputs the detection signal to the input / output unit 26.

  The drive circuit 47 drives the tilt motor 57. The encoder 57 </ b> A is connected to the tilt motor 57 and the input / output unit 26. The encoder 57 </ b> A detects the amount of rotation of the tilt motor 57 and inputs the detection signal to the input / output unit 26. The drive circuit 48 drives the clamp device 58. The clamp device 58 is provided on the back side of the jig fixing table 81. The clamp device 58 fixes and holds the rotating shaft of the jig. The drive circuit 49 drives the display unit 11. The display unit 11 is provided, for example, on a splash cover (not shown). The display unit 11 displays various screens such as a setting screen and an operation screen of the machine tool 1.

  The X-axis motor 51, the Y-axis motor 52, the Z-axis motor 53, the main shaft motor 54, the magazine motor 55, the C-axis motor 56, and the tilt motor 57 are servo motors, for example.

  The pot table 241 will be described with reference to FIG. The pot table 241 stores a pot number and a tool number in association with each other. As described above, the tool magazine 31 includes, for example, 21 pots 37. The machine tool 1 assigns a pot number to each pot 37. P1 to P21 are pot numbers. The tool number is a number assigned to each tool. The tool numbers corresponding to P1 to P18 correspond to the tool numbers of the tools actually attached to P1 to P18 of the tool magazine 31. The order of tools to be mounted on P1 to P18 may correspond to the order of tools used in the execution of the NC program, for example. The three pots 37 of P19 to P21 are dedicated pots for tools to be mounted on the spindle 8 when the power is turned off (hereinafter referred to as dedicated pots when the power is turned off). The tool corresponding to P19 is, for example, the tool TA. A tool corresponding to P20 is, for example, a tool TB. P21 is, for example, an empty state.

  The cutting parameter table 242 will be described with reference to FIG. The cutting parameter table 242 stores cutting parameters and pot numbers in association with each other. The cutting parameter is a parameter for controlling the state of the spindle 8 to any one of the first state, the second state, and the third state. The first state is a state where the tool TA is mounted on the spindle 8. The second state is a state where the tool TB is mounted on the spindle 8. The third state is a state in which no tool is mounted on the spindle 8. The parameter 1 at the time of cutting is a parameter for controlling to the first state. The parameter 2 at the time of cutting is a parameter for controlling to the second state. The parameter 3 at the time of cutting is a parameter for controlling to the third state. P19 corresponds to parameter 1 at the time of cutting. P19 is a state in which the tool TA is mounted. P20 corresponds to parameter 2 at the time of cutting. P20 is a state in which the tool TB is mounted. P21 corresponds to parameter 3 at the time of cutting. P21 is a state in which no tool is mounted.

  P19 to P21 are dedicated pots when the power is turned off. P19 to P21 are the last three in the order of the 21 pots 37. Therefore, in this embodiment, the pot 37 dedicated to the tool to be mounted when the power is turned off can be distinguished from the other pots 37. The operator can prevent a mistake in attaching the tool to each pot 37. The power-off dedicated pot may be the first three of the 21 pots 37 or may be arranged apart. It is preferable to arrange the dedicated pots at the time of power-off in order to prevent wrong mounting of the tools.

  In the present embodiment, a dedicated pot at the time of power-off is provided separately from the pot 37 that is normally used, and a tool TA or the like that is mounted on the dedicated pot at the time of power-off is mounted on the spindle 8 when the power is turned off. For example, the tool TA or the like may be attached to the pot 37 used during normal machining, and the tool TA or the like attached to the pot 37 may be attached to the spindle 8 when the power is turned off. The tool TA or the like is the same as the tool T that is normally used, and is used in the same manner as other tools T at the time of machining.

  The spindle state designation process will be described with reference to FIG. For example, the operator operates the operation unit 38 (see FIG. 6) to switch to the spindle state designation mode. The operator designates a tool to be mounted on the spindle 8 when the power is turned off in the spindle state designation mode. The CPU 21 reads the spindle state designation program stored in the ROM 22 and executes this process by switching to the spindle state designation mode.

  First, the CPU 21 displays a designation screen (not shown) on the display unit 11 (S1). The designation screen is a screen for selecting and designating one of the first state, the second state, and the third state with respect to the state of the spindle 8 when the power is turned off. For example, the operator may freely determine a tool to be designated according to, for example, a tool used at the site, the type of the tool owned, and the like.

  For example, if the operator owns the tool TA, the first state or the third state may be designated. If the operator does not provide an empty pot in the tool magazine 31, it is preferable to designate the first state. The operator designates the main shaft state when the power is turned off as the first state or the third state, so that the main shaft 8 can rotate based on the main shaft command at the next start-up. Therefore, the machine tool 1 can be prevented from rotating with the tool TB mounted. For example, if the worker owns many tools TB, the second state may be designated. The machine tool 1 designates the main spindle state when the power is turned off to the second state, so that the main spindle 8 ignores the main spindle command at the next start-up. Therefore, the machine tool 1 can advance the machining operation faster.

  The CPU 21 determines whether or not the first state has been designated (S2). If the CPU 21 determines that the first state has been designated (S2: YES), it sets the disconnection parameter to 1 (S5). The CPU 21 stores the parameter information in the flash memory 24 (S8). The parameter information is information on parameters at the time of disconnection. When determining that the first state is not designated (S2: NO), the CPU 21 judges whether or not the second state is designated (S3). When the CPU 21 determines that the second state is designated (S3: YES), it sets the disconnection parameter to 2 (S6). The CPU 21 stores the parameter information in the flash memory 24 (S8). When the CPU 21 determines that the second state is not specified (S3: NO), it determines whether the third state is specified (S4). If the CPU 21 determines that the third state has been designated (S4: YES), it sets the disconnection parameter to 3 (S7). The CPU 21 stores the parameter information in the flash memory 24 (S8).

  When the CPU 21 determines that the third state is not specified (S4: NO), the determination process of S2 to S4 is repeated until the operator completes the specification. The CPU 21 completes the setting of the parameters at the time of disconnection (S5 to S7), stores the parameter information in the flash memory 24 (S8), and ends this processing.

  With reference to FIG. 10, the power-off process will be described. The CPU 21 reads the power-off program stored in the ROM 22 and executes this process by the operator's power-off operation. First, the CPU 21 determines whether or not the disconnection parameter stored in the flash memory 24 is 1 (S11). When the CPU 21 determines that the cutting parameter is 1 (S11: YES), the CPU 21 refers to the cutting parameter table 242. The pot number corresponding to the cutting time parameter 1 is P19. The tool attached to P19 is a tool TA when the pot table 241 is referred to. The CPU 21 executes the tool change to the tool TA attached to P19 by the ATC 30 (S14). The CPU 21 turns off the power (S19) and ends this process.

  If the CPU 21 determines that the cutting parameter is not 1 (S11: NO), it determines whether the cutting parameter is 2 (S12). When the CPU 21 determines that the cutting parameter is 2 (S12: YES), the CPU 21 refers to the cutting parameter table 242. The pot number corresponding to the cutting time parameter 2 is P20. The tool attached to P20 is a tool TB when referring to the pot table 241. The CPU 21 executes the tool change to the tool TB attached to P20 by the ATC 20 (S15). The CPU 21 turns off the power (S19) and ends this process.

  If the CPU 21 determines that the cutting parameter is not 2 (S12: NO), it determines whether the cutting parameter is 3 (S13). When the CPU 21 determines that the cutting parameter is 3 (S13: YES), the CPU 21 refers to the cutting parameter table 242. The pot number corresponding to the cutting time parameter 2 is P21. P21 is not equipped with a tool. The CPU 21 removes the tool T attached to the spindle 8 by the ATC 20 (S16), and attaches and stores the tool T removed from the spindle 8 to P21 of the tool magazine 31. The CPU 21 turns off the power (S19) and ends this process.

  If the CPU 21 determines that the parameter at the time of cutting is not 3 (S13: NO), the designation of the spindle state by the operator has not been completed, so the display unit 11 or the like is notified (S17). The operator notices that the spindle status has not been specified. The operator switches to the above-described spindle state designation mode and performs the above-described setting. The CPU 21 determines whether the setting by the worker is completed (S18). Until the setting by the operator is completed (S18: NO), the CPU 21 returns to S18 and enters a standby state. If the CPU 21 determines that the setting by the worker has been completed (S18: YES), the CPU 21 returns to S11 and executes the above processing with the set contents (S11 to S16). When the CPU 21 completes each process normally (S14 to S16), the power of the machine tool 1 is turned off (S19), and this process ends.

  The startup process will be described with reference to FIG. At startup, the CPU 21 reads the startup program stored in the ROM 22 and executes this processing. The CPU 21 determines whether there is a spindle command (S21). Until there is a spindle command (S21: NO), the CPU 21 returns to S21 and enters a standby state.

  The CPU 21 determines whether or not the spindle command is an orientation command at the time of tool change (S22). When the CPU 21 determines that the spindle command is an orientation command (S22: YES), the tool change is the first tool change at the time of activation. The spindle motor 54 is an increment motor. The machine tool 1 usually needs to detect the origin of the spindle motor 54. The machine tool 1 cannot recognize the current position of the spindle 8 unless it detects the origin of the spindle motor 54.

  The CPU 21 determines whether or not the disconnection parameter is 1 or 3 (S23). When the CPU 21 determines that the cutting parameter is 1 (S23: YES), the spindle 8 is in the first state in which the tool TA is mounted. Therefore, the CPU 21 executes the spindle orientation (S24). The spindle orientation is a process for determining the spindle 8 at the origin position. The tool TA is rotatable. The machine tool 1 can normally execute the spindle orientation. When the CPU 21 determines that the parameter at the time of cutting is 3 (S23: YES), the spindle 8 is in the third state where the tool T is not mounted. The CPU 21 executes the spindle orientation (S24). The main shaft 8 is rotatable. The machine tool 1 can normally execute the spindle orientation.

  CPU21 performs Z-axis raise (S25). The Z-axis rise is a process for raising the spindle head 7 to the tool change preparation position. The CPU 21 executes tool change by the ATC 30 (S26). The main shaft 8 is indexed to the origin position in S22. Therefore, the machine tool 1 can normally attach and detach the tool TA to and from the spindle 8 when changing the tool by the ATC 30.

  CPU21 performs Z-axis fall (S27). Z-axis lowering is a process of lowering the spindle head 7 to the Z-axis origin position. The CPU 21 ends this process.

  When the CPU 21 determines that the parameter at the time of cutting is 2 (S23: NO), it executes the Z-axis ascending operation without executing the spindle orientation (S25). In the second state in which the tool TB is mounted on the main shaft 8, the keys 91 and 92 engage with the key grooves 105 and 106. The position of the tool TB with respect to the spindle head 7 is determined. The position of the spindle 8 on which the tool TB whose position with respect to the spindle head 7 is fixed is the origin position. That is, the main shaft 8 has already been indexed to the origin position (orient state). Therefore, the CPU 21 does not execute the spindle orientation. The CPU 21 executes S26 and S27 in the same manner as described above. Since the machine tool 1 can proceed to the next processing while ignoring the spindle orientation, the operation can be advanced rapidly. The CPU 21 ends this process.

  When the CPU 21 determines that the spindle command is not an orientation command but a normal spindle command (S22: NO), the CPU 21 determines whether the cutting parameter is 1 or 3 (S28). The normal spindle command is a command for rotating the spindle 8 other than the orientation command. When the CPU 21 determines that the cutting parameter is 1 or 3 (S28: YES), it executes a spindle command for the same reason as above (S29). The CPU 21 ends this process.

  When the CPU 21 determines that the parameter at the time of cutting is 2 (S28: NO), the state in which the spindle command is output in the second state where the non-rotating tool TB is mounted on the spindle 8 is caused by a program error, for example. When the machine tool 1 tries to rotate the spindle 8 with the tool TB mounted, an excessive load is applied to the spindle 8 and causes a failure. The CPU 21 notifies that fact without executing the spindle command (S30), and ends this process. The notification may be, for example, a process of displaying an abnormal message or the like on the display unit 11, a process of notifying by voice, or a process of lighting or blinking a lamp or the like. Therefore, since the operator can recognize the abnormality of the machine tool 1 at an early stage, a quick response is possible.

  In the above description, the key grooves 105 and 106 shown in FIG. 4 are examples of the engaging portion of the present invention. Keys 91 and 92 shown in FIG. 5 are examples of engaged portions of the present invention. The spindle motor 54 shown in FIG. 6 is an example of the drive unit of the present invention. The CPU 21 that executes the processes of S2 to S7 shown in FIG. 9 is an example of the spindle state specifying means of the present invention. The CPU 21 that executes the processes of S11 to S16 shown in FIG. 10 is an example of the spindle state control means of the present invention. The operation unit 38 shown in FIG. 6 is an example of the setting unit of the present invention. The flash memory 24 is an example of the storage means of the present invention. The CPU 21 that executes the process of S8 shown in FIG. 9 is an example of the storage processing means of the present invention. The CPU 21 that executes the processes of S21 and S22 shown in FIG. 11 is an example of the spindle command determination means of the present invention. The CPU 21 that executes the processes of S23 and S28 is an example of a second state determination unit. The CPU 21 that executes the processes (S23: NO) and (S28: NO) is an example of the spindle drive control means of the present invention.

As described above, the machine tool 1 of the present embodiment is selectively attachable tool TA and handed cutting tool TB for processing for rotation processing on a common main shaft 8. The machine tool 1 can be applied selectively the rotation processing and handed cutting a workpiece. The spindle head 7 includes a pair of keys 91 and 92 on the lower end surface. The tool TB includes a pair of key grooves 105 and 106. The spindle 8 is equipped with a tool TB. The keys 91 and 92 are engaged with the key grooves 105 and 106. The keys 91 and 92 restrict the rotation of the tool TB. The machine tool 1 includes a numerical control unit 20. The numerical control unit 20 includes a CPU 21. The CPU 21 can designate at least one of the first state, the second state, and the third state for the state of the spindle 8 when the power is turned off. The first state is a state in which a rotary machining tool TA is mounted on the spindle 8. The second state is a state of mounting the tool TB for handed cutting machining on the main shaft 8. The third state is a state in which no tool is mounted on the spindle 8. The CPU 21 can control the spindle 8 to the state of the spindle 8 designated in advance by the ATC 30 when the power is turned off.

  For example, when the main shaft state is the first state, the main shaft 8 is equipped with a tool TA. Therefore, there is no possibility that the machine tool 1 will break down even if the spindle 8 is rotated when there is a spindle command to rotate the spindle 8 after startup. When the main shaft state is the third state, the main shaft 8 is not equipped with a tool. Therefore, there is no possibility that the machine tool 1 will break down even if the spindle 8 is rotated when a spindle command is issued after startup. When the main shaft state is the second state, the main shaft 8 is equipped with a tool TB. The main shaft 8 cannot rotate. Therefore, the machine tool 1 can take measures such as not rotating the spindle in response to the spindle command after startup. Therefore, the machine tool 1 can prevent the spindle 8 from rotating while the turning tool TB is mounted on the spindle 8 at the time of startup.

  In the present embodiment, in particular, the operator can set any one of the first state, the second state, and the third state with the operation unit 38 as a parameter. The CPU 21 designates one state set by the operation unit 38 as the state of the spindle 8 when the power is turned off. Therefore, the machine tool 1 can set any one of the first state, the second state, and the third state as a parameter. An operator can freely set any state according to, for example, a tool used in the field.

  Particularly in the present embodiment, the CPU 21 stores the disconnection parameters set by the operation unit 38 in the flash memory 24. The CPU 21 determines whether there is a spindle command after activation. The spindle command includes the orientation command when changing tools. If the CPU 21 determines that there is a spindle command, it determines that the second state has been designated based on the cutting parameters stored in the flash memory 24, and ignores the spindle command. The machine tool 1 can prevent the spindle 8 from rotating while the turning tool TB is mounted on the spindle 8. Therefore, the machine tool 1 can prevent an excessive load from being applied to the spindle 8.

  The first embodiment can be variously modified. In the machine tool 1 of the above embodiment, the column 5 is movable in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, but is not limited thereto.

  Moreover, although the said embodiment can designate at least 1 state among a 1st state, a 2nd state, and a 3rd state, this invention is a 1st state, a 2nd state, or a 1st at the time of a power-off, for example It may be one that can be controlled in only three states. In particular, what is controlled in the first state or the third state is simple to control because it can be executed in the conventional manner in accordance with the spindle command at the next start-up. Further, it is possible to designate one state from any two of the three states.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Machine tool 7 Spindle head 8 Spindle 20 Numerical control part 21 CPU
24 Flash memory 54 Spindle motor 91, 92 Key 105, 106 Keyway TA Tool for turning TB Tool for turning

Claims (3)

The tool and handed cutting tools for machining of rotary machining selectively mounted on a common spindle, subjected to rotation processing and handed cutting a workpiece selectively, and possible tool change of the main spindle by the tool exchange mechanism A machine tool,
A spindle head for rotatably holding the spindle;
And the engaged portion that restricts rotation of the provided on the spindle head, the engaging portion of the tool for handed cutting processing for handed cutting machining based on the engagement tool,
A drive unit for driving the main shaft;
The state of the main shaft at the time of power-off, the first state of mounting the tool for the rotary working on the main shaft, the handed cutting second state of mounting the tool for processing, and a third state in which no mounting the tool A spindle state specifying means capable of specifying at least one of the states,
A machine tool comprising: spindle state control means for controlling the spindle to the state of the spindle designated by the spindle state designation means when the power is turned off. A setting unit capable of setting any one of the first state, the second state, and the third state with a parameter;
The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the spindle state specifying unit specifies the one state set by the setting unit. The spindle state designation means includes:
A storage processing unit for storing the parameter set by the setting unit in a storage unit;
A spindle command determination means for determining whether there is a spindle command for instructing rotation of the spindle after activation;
Second state determining means for determining whether or not the spindle state specifying means specifies the second state based on the parameter stored in the storage means when the spindle command determining means determines that there is the spindle command; When,
3. The spindle drive control means for ignoring the spindle command when the second state judging means judges that the spindle state designating means has designated the second state. Machine Tools.

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