JP5877166B2 - ガラス基板へのエレクトロクロミックデバイスの積層 - Google Patents
ガラス基板へのエレクトロクロミックデバイスの積層 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5877166B2 JP5877166B2 JP2012556257A JP2012556257A JP5877166B2 JP 5877166 B2 JP5877166 B2 JP 5877166B2 JP 2012556257 A JP2012556257 A JP 2012556257A JP 2012556257 A JP2012556257 A JP 2012556257A JP 5877166 B2 JP5877166 B2 JP 5877166B2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
- B32B17/10495—Variable transmission optoelectronic, i.e. optical valve
- B32B17/10513—Electrochromic layer
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- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
- B32B17/10045—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet
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- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
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- B32B38/0004—Cutting, tearing or severing, e.g. bursting; Cutter details
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C03B33/02—Cutting or splitting sheet glass or ribbons; Apparatus or machines therefor
- C03B33/0222—Scoring using a focussed radiation beam, e.g. laser
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- C03B33/027—Scoring tool holders; Driving mechanisms therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
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- C03B33/07—Cutting armoured, multi-layered, coated or laminated, glass products
- C03B33/076—Laminated glass comprising interlayers
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- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
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- C03B33/09—Severing cooled glass by thermal shock
- C03B33/091—Severing cooled glass by thermal shock using at least one focussed radiation beam, e.g. laser beam
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
本出願は、参照によりその開示が本明細書に組み込まれている、2010年3月5日出願の米国仮特許出願第60/311,001号及び2010年11月10日出願の第60/412,153号の、出願日の利益を主張する。
本発明の一態様は、EC基板上にエレクトロクロミックスタックを備えるエレクトロクロミックデバイスと;EC外部積層体ガラス板と;エレクトロクロミックデバイスおよび外部積層体ガラス板の間に挟まれた中間層材料とを備える、ECデバイス積層体である。
「コート−ゼン−カット」
提示された発明の一実施形態において、出願人は、「コート−ゼン−カット」という概念を有する製造手法を発見した。一態様は、エレクトロクロミック基板を用意するステップと;基板上に、複数のエレクトロクロミックデバイス前駆体を製作するステップと;エレクトロクロミックデバイス前駆体のそれぞれを、個々のエレクトロクロミックデバイスに切断するステップと、個々のエレクトロクロミックデバイスのそれぞれを、個別の外部積層体ガラス板に積層するステップとを含む、エレクトロクロミックデバイス積層体を製造する方法である。本明細書で使用される「エレクトロクロミックデバイス前駆体」は、基板を個々のECデバイスに切断する前に基板上に付着されまたは堆積された、典型的には上述の薄膜のスタックであるECデバイスである。したがって、多数のECデバイス前駆体は、任意の単一基板上に製作され、または本明細書に記述されるように、基板ドーターペイン上に製作される。典型的には、EC前駆体レイアウトは、好ましくは全体としていかなる被膜またはスタックにも損傷を与えることなく、切断するために、前駆体の間に十分なスペースを組み込むよう設計される。
提示された発明の別の実施形態では、出願人は、最初にEC基板の大きなパネルを1つ以上の基板ドーターパネルに切断し、その後、上述の「コート−ゼン−カット」の概念を1つ以上の基板ドーターパネルのそれぞれなどに適用するステップを含む、製造手法を発見した(このプロセスを、以後、「カット−ゼン−コート−ゼン−カット」プロセスと呼ぶ。)。
典型的なガラスの調製では、カーバイドまたはダイヤモンドチップスクライブまたはホイールを使用して、ガラスパネルの表面に切れ目を生成し、次いで曲げモーメントを加えて、表面の亀裂をエッジに沿って伝搬させ、真っ直ぐな切れ目を生成することが考えられる。ガラスのエッジは、研削機または炭化ケイ素サンディングベルトを使用して、しばしば研削される。
本発明のいくつかの実施形態では、ECデバイス積層体29またはEC基板31を切断するのにレーザを使用する。本明細書で使用される「レーザ切断」という用語は、(i)完全な分離を生成するために、曲げモーメントを加えることによって後にガラスを通って伝搬する、基板表面に垂直な細い亀裂を生成するのに、レーザを使用すること、または(ii)完全な分離を生成するために、基板の長さにそって伝搬する、レーザ誘発性の亀裂によるガラスを通る完全な切れ目を意味する。レーザ切断のプロセスは、「コート−ゼン−カット」および「カット−ゼン−コート−ゼン−カット」プロセスに等しく適用可能である。
本発明のいくつかの実施形態では、電熱切断(ETC)は、EDデバイス積層体20またはEC基板31を切断しまたは分離するのに使用される。ETCは、絶縁または半導体基板内の小さな領域を加熱する(必要な場合は、蒸発させる)方法を指す。いくつかの実施形態では、ガラスは、2つの電極間にAC放電を適用することによって切断される。いかなる特定の理論にも拘泥するものではないが、高電圧はガラスを局所的に加熱し、冷却ヘッドは、貫通亀裂を生成するのに適した応力の形成を引き起こすと考えられる。次いで電極/冷却ヘッドのアセンブリを、定められた経路で移動させて、必要とされるEC基板またはEC基板ドーターパネルのカスタムサイズによって画定された所望のパターンに、亀裂を伝搬させる(制御された分離)。
(積層体衝撃試験結果)
衝撃試験は、図4に示されるように:(1)アニールされたソーダ石灰フロートガラスまたは低CTEガラスからなるEC基板31と;(2)熱強化ガラス、焼入れガラス、またはアニールガラスからなるEC外部積層体ガラス板22とを含む、「不整合」積層体に関して行った。衝撃データは、EC基板31およびEC外部積層体ガラス板22の厚さに関して有用なデザインの窓を示唆している。ポリビニルブチラール(PVB)およびアイオノマーポリマー(DuPont製SGP)を、中間層材料28として試験をした。SGPは、EC基板/支持基板および中間層の厚さに関して、PVBに比べてより狭いデザインの窓を示し、これはいかなる特定の理論にも拘泥するものではないが、より良好なPVB性能は、PVB材料の高い順応性/延伸性に関連すると考えられる。
(EC積層体)
実施例1の積層EC構造は、「カット−ゼン−コート」プロセスにより製造した。積層は、従来のニップローラー/オートクレーブプロセスを使用して行った。同等の結果を、真空積層プロセスを使用して得ることができた。
上記にて詳述した構成要素を有する積層EC構造は、衝撃試験に関するANSI Z97.1規格に合格した。
実施例2の積層EC構造は、「カット−ゼン−コート」プロセスにより製造した。積層は、従来のニップローラー/オートクレーブプロセスを使用して行った。
上記にて詳述した構成要素を有する積層EC構造は、衝撃試験に関するANSI Z97.1規格に合格した。
実施例3の積層EC構造は、「カット−ゼン−コート」プロセスにより製造した。積層は、従来のニップローラー/オートクレーブプロセスを使用して行った。
上記にて詳述した構成要素を有する積層EC構造は、衝撃試験に関するANSI Z97.1規格に合格した。同等の結果を、真空積層プロセスを使用して得ることができた。
実施例4の積層EC構造は、「カット−ゼン−コート」プロセスにより製造した。積層は、従来のニップローラー/オートクレーブプロセスを使用して行った。
上記にて詳述した構成要素を有する積層EC構造は、衝撃試験に関するANSI Z97.1規格に合格した。
実施例5の積層EC構造は、「カット−ゼン−コート」プロセスにより製造した。積層は、従来のニップローラー/オートクレーブプロセスを使用して行った。
上記にて詳述した構成要素を有する積層EC構造は、衝撃試験に関するANSI Z97.1規格に合格した。同等の結果を、真空積層プロセスを使用して得ることができた。
実施例6の積層EC構造は、「カット−ゼン−コート」プロセスにより製造した。積層は、従来のニップローラー/オートクレーブプロセスを使用して行った。
上記にて詳述した構成要素を有する積層EC構造は、衝撃試験に関するANSI Z97.1規格に合格した。同等の結果を、真空積層プロセスを使用して得ることができた。
実施例7の積層EC構造は、「カット−ゼン−コート」プロセスにより製造した。積層は、従来のニップローラー/オートクレーブプロセスを使用して行った。
上記にて詳述した構成要素を有する積層EC構造は、衝撃試験に関するANSI Z97.1規格に合格した。同等の結果を、真空積層プロセスを使用して得ることができた。
実施例8のIGUは、本明細書に記述される標準的な製造プロセスにより製造した。
上記にて詳述した構成要素を有するIGUは、衝撃試験に関するANSI Z97.1規格に合格した。
σ1/σ2=(面積2/面積1)1/m
に基づくものである。
実施例9のレーザ切断積層体は、「コート−ゼン−カット」プロセスにより製造した。積層は、従来のニップローラー/オートクレーブプロセスを使用して行った。EC基板(ECデバイスまたはデバイス前駆体)を、ECスタックが堆積された後に本明細書に記述されるようにレーザ切断した。レーザ切断積層体のエッジ強度は、サンプル内に温度勾配を生成することによりエッジ応力を誘発させることによって測定した。温度勾配は、積層体に比べて横方向の寸法が類似しているシリコーン加熱パッドを使用して生成した。パッドを、加熱されていない周辺が約25mmの幅である、積層体の表面に配置した。勾配の大きさは、積層体のエッジを室温付近に保ちながら、加熱パッドへの印加電力を調節する(バリアック可変電源により制御される)ことによって制御した。誘発された温度勾配により生成されたエッジ応力は、光弾性技法(Stress Photonics,Inc.、Madison,WI)を使用して直接測定した。
上記にて詳述された成分を有するレーザ切断された積層EC構造は、積層後に少なくとも約60MPaのエッジ強度を有していた。
Claims (15)
- (a)エレクトロクロミック基板を用意するステップと、
(b)前記エレクトロクロミック基板を、1つ又は複数の基板ドーターパネルに切断するステップと、
(c)前記1つ又は複数の基板ドーターパネルのそれぞれの上に、複数のエレクトロクロミックデバイス前駆体を製作するステップと、
(d)前記複数のエレクトロクロミックデバイス前駆体のそれぞれを、個々のエレクトロクロミックデバイスに切断するステップであって、前記複数のエレクトロクロミックデバイス前駆体のそれぞれがレーザ又は電熱切断によって切断されるステップと、
(e)前記個々のエレクトロクロミックデバイスのそれぞれを、個別の外部積層体ガラス板に積層するステップとを含み、
前記個々のエレクトロクロミックデバイスのそれぞれが、少なくとも60MPaのエッジ強度を有する、エレクトロクロミックデバイス積層体の製造方法。 - 前記エレクトロクロミック基板が、4ppm/Kから8ppm/Kの範囲の熱膨張係数を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 1つ又は複数の前記基板ドーターパネルが、少なくとも60MPaのエッジ強度を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- (a)エレクトロクロミック基板を用意するステップと、
(b)前記エレクトロクロミック基板上に複数のエレクトロクロミックデバイス前駆体を製作するステップと、
(c)前記複数のエレクトロクロミックデバイス前駆体のそれぞれを、個々のエレクトロクロミックデバイスに切断するステップであって、前記複数のエレクトロクロミックデバイス前駆体のそれぞれがレーザ又は電熱切断によって切断されるステップと、
(d)前記個々のエレクトロクロミックデバイスのそれぞれを、個別の外部積層体ガラス板に積層するステップと
を含み、
前記個々のエレクトロクロミックデバイスのそれぞれが、少なくとも60MPaのエッジ強度を有する、エレクトロクロミックデバイス積層体の製造方法。 - 前記エレクトロクロミック基板が、4ppm/Kから8ppm/Kの範囲の熱膨張係数を有する、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記複数のエレクトロクロミックデバイス前駆体のレイアウトは、全体としていかなる被膜またはスタックにも損傷を与えることなく、前記複数のエレクトロクロミックデバイス前駆体のそれぞれを個々の前記エレクトロクロミックデバイスに切断するために、前記複数のエレクトロクロミック前駆体の間に十分なスペースが組み込まれる、請求項4に記載の方法。
- (a)アニールされたガラス基板上にエレクトロクロミックスタックを備え、レーザ切断又は電熱切断によって調製されるエレクトロクロミックデバイスと、
(b)外部積層体ガラス板と、
(c)前記エレクトロクロミックデバイスおよび前記外部積層体ガラス板の間に挟まれた中間層材料とを備え、
前記個々のエレクトロクロミックデバイスのそれぞれが、少なくとも60MPaのエッジ強度を有する、積層体。 - 前記エレクトロクロミックデバイスが、少なくとも69MPaのエッジ強度を有する、請求項7に記載の積層体。
- 前記エレクトロクロミックデバイスが、少なくとも75MPaのエッジ強度を有する、請求項7に記載の積層体。
- 前記アニールされたガラス基板が、少なくとも1つの寸法において前記外部積層体ガラス板よりも小さい、請求項7に記載の積層体。
- 前記アニールされたガラス基板が、少なくとも1つの寸法において、前記外部積層体ガラス板に対して0.5mmから3mmにインデント加工がなされている、請求項10に記載の積層体。
- 前記アニールされたガラス基板が、少なくとも1つの寸法において、前記外部積層体ガラス板に対して1mmから2mmにインデント加工がなされている、請求項10に記載の積層体。
- 前記より小さいアニールされたガラス基板の周辺が、少なくとも片側において、中間層材料および保護材料からなる群から選択される材料により取り囲まれている、請求項10に記載の積層体。
- 前記アニールされたガラス基板が、レーザ切断によって調製されかつ少なくとも69MPaのエッジ強度を有する、請求項7に記載の積層体。
- 前記エレクトロクロミックデバイスが、少なくとも100MPaのエッジ強度を有する、請求項7に記載の積層体。
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