JP5889042B2 - Dispenser and dispenser - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for merging and discharging medicines stored in a plurality of storage units.

  DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART Conventionally, the discharge device provided with the some accommodating part for accommodating a chemical | medical agent and the discharge tool for making the chemical | medical agent accommodated in the several accommodating part merge and discharge is known. For example, as a two-liquid discharger that joins and discharges two kinds of liquids, the discharge tool is fitted to a pair of aerosol cans arranged side by side, and the liquid contained in each aerosol can is discharged from the discharge tool Has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).

  Specifically, the two-component dispenser described in Patent Document 1 includes two aerosol cans arranged side by side and a discharge tool that connects the upper portions of the aerosol cans. The discharge tool includes a nozzle that communicates with each stem of each aerosol can. The internal flow path of the nozzle is divided into two right and left divided flow paths by one partition plate provided vertically in the middle portion in the left and right direction. And the liquid in each aerosol can is discharged through a nozzle by depressing the pressing head of the discharge tool using the lever and pressing down each stem. At that time, since the internal flow path of the nozzle is divided into two right and left divided flow paths, the liquid discharged from each stem joins in a laminated state of two left and right layers and is then discharged from the nozzle tip.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-334767

  By the way, when there is a bias in the flow rate of the medicine flowing through the divided flow path, there is a problem that a bias tends to occur in the stacked state at the time of merging. For example, in the configuration described in Patent Document 1 described above, medicines are supplied from the aerosol cans arranged side by side to the left and right divided flow paths, respectively. When two upper and lower divided flow paths are formed, the flow rate of the drug flowing through the divided flow paths tends to be biased left and right depending on the structure.

  Specifically, when the medicine supplied from the left aerosol can is supplied to the divided flow path through the supply port at a position shifted to the left side from the center of the flow path cross section of the divided flow path, Since the flow rate of the medicine flowing through is more likely to decrease compared to the left side, the flow rate tends to be biased to the left side. Similarly, when the medicine supplied from the right aerosol can is supplied to the divided flow path via the supply port at a position shifted to the right from the center of the flow path cross section of the divided flow path, it flows on the left side in the divided flow path. Since the flow rate of the medicine tends to decrease compared to the right side, the flow rate tends to be biased to the right side. As a result, it is considered that there is a problem that the stacking state at the time of joining tends to be biased.

  The present invention has been made in view of these problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for suppressing the unevenness of the stacked state at the time of merging due to the shift of the position of the supply port.

  The discharge tool of this invention is for making the chemical | medical agent accommodated in the some accommodating part merge and discharge. The discharge tool includes a plurality of divided flow paths for joining medicines stored in a plurality of storage portions in a stacked state in which two or more layers are stacked in a fixed stacking direction, and a plurality of divided flow paths. A plurality of supply ports for supplying a medicine. At least one of the plurality of divided channels has a supply port formed at a position shifted from the center of the channel cross section in a direction along the channel cross section and perpendicular to the stacking direction. The width of the channel cross section along the stacking direction is formed so as to increase toward the side opposite to the side where the supply port is shifted.

  In a divided flow channel where the supply port is formed at a position shifted from the center of the flow channel cross section, the flow rate of the drug on the side opposite to the side where the supply port is shifted is reduced compared to the side where the supply port is shifted. Since it becomes easy, the lamination | stacking state at the time of merging tends to generate | occur | produce. In this regard, in the present invention, the width along the stacking direction of the channel cross section of the divided channel is formed so as to increase toward the side opposite to the side where the supply port is shifted, and the supply port is shifted. Acts to increase the flow rate on the opposite side. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the deviation of the stacked state at the time of merging due to the shift of the position of the supply port.

  By the way, the plurality of divided flow paths have a shape in which one flow path is divided into a plurality of layers by one or more partition plates, and the partition plates may be inclined with respect to a plane orthogonal to the stacking direction. According to such a configuration, the plurality of divided flow paths can be formed with a simple structure.

  Moreover, the supply port of the division | segmentation flow path adjacent on both sides of a partition plate may be formed in the position which shifted | deviated to the mutually different side. According to such a configuration, the difference in width between adjacent divided flow paths is easily canceled out, so that the divided flow paths can be arranged with a good balance as a whole.

  Moreover, you may comprise as a discharge device provided with the some accommodating part for accommodating a chemical | medical agent, and the said discharge tool.

It is principal part sectional drawing in the front view of a two-component discharger. It is principal part sectional drawing in the side view of a two-liquid discharger. It is a top view before the assembly of a discharge head. It is sectional drawing in the side view before the assembly of a discharge head. It is a half sectional view in the front view of the bottom wall portion of the discharge head. It is a principal part front view of the casing of a discharge head. It is a principal part front view of the nozzle part of a discharge head. It is a perspective view which shows the discharge form of a liquid. It is a principal part front view of the nozzle part of a discharge head provided with the partition plate as a modification.

Embodiments to which the present invention is applied will be described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, the two-liquid dispenser 1 of the embodiment includes a pair of (two pieces of hair dyes containing a first liquid (first agent) and a second liquid (second agent). ) A discharge container A and a discharge tool B for discharging the first liquid and the second liquid accommodated in the discharge container A together. The first liquid is a liquid having a high pH in which an alkaline agent (for example, ammonia or monoethanolamine) is blended. Moreover, the dye for hair dye is mix | blended with the 1st liquid. On the other hand, the second liquid is a liquid having a low pH and containing an oxidizing agent (for example, hydrogen peroxide). In general, the first agent of the hair cosmetic composition has a stronger irritation to the skin and a stronger irritating odor than the second agent. In addition, although ammonia is mentioned as a factor of the irritating odor of the 1st agent, it is not restricted to this, For example, when the 1st agent contains ammonium salt, it is the same.

  The discharge container A is a form in which the stem 11 protrudes from the upper surface of the body portion 10 so as to be able to be pushed in an upward biased state. In this example, as a pair of the first discharge container A1 and the second discharge container A2, Each adopts an aerosol can. Specifically, the first discharge container A1 and the second discharge container A2 can be pushed in from the upper surfaces of the first barrel portion 10a and the second barrel portion 10b in an upward biased state. 11b protrudes. In each discharge container A1, A2, the built-in discharge valve is opened by pushing down the stems 11a, 11b, the liquid is discharged through the stems 11a, 11b by the stored gas pressure, and the stems 11a, 11b are pushed down. When is released, a known mechanism is used in which the stems 11a and 11b are lifted by upward bias, the built-in discharge valve is closed, and the liquid discharge is stopped.

On the other hand, the discharge tool B includes a container fixing frame B1, a container fixing cylinder B2, a discharge head B3, and a pressing operation unit B4.
The container fixing frame B1 plays a role of fixing both of the first discharge container A1 and the second discharge container A2 arranged side by side on the outer periphery of the upper end.

  The container fixing cylinder B2 includes an outer peripheral wall 30 for fitting the lower part to the outer periphery of the first discharge container A1 and the second discharge container A2 arranged in parallel via the container fixing frame B1, An inner peripheral wall 32 is suspended through a flange-like top wall 31 extending in the direction, and is fastened to a pair of first discharge container A1 and second discharge container A2 that are juxtaposed with each other. ing. Further, the front and rear recesses 33 and 34 having the upper surface and the front and rear surfaces opened are recessed in the front portion and the rear portion, respectively, with the inner peripheral wall 32, the outer peripheral wall 30 and the flange-like top wall 31 being recessed downward. Has been established.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, the discharge head B <b> 3 has a horizontally long elliptical cylindrical nozzle 41 protruding vertically from the front surface of the horizontally long elliptical cylindrical casing 40, and a pair of first nozzles from the left and right sides of the lower surface of the casing 40. A stem fitting cylinder 42 and a second stem fitting cylinder 43 are suspended, and a liquid guiding mechanism is provided inside.

  Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the discharge head B <b> 3 extends a bottom wall 40 c opened via a pair of connecting hinges 44 to a casing body having a peripheral wall 40 a and a top wall 40 b. It is formed in a state, and is configured to fix the bottom wall 40c to the casing body by ultrasonic bonding during assembly.

  The liquid guiding mechanism causes the first liquid and the second liquid stored in the discharge container A to merge in a stacked state in which three layers are stacked in a certain stacking direction (the vertical direction in this example) and discharged from the nozzle 41. It has a mechanism to do. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the first liquid layer (inner layer) L1 and two second liquid layers (outer layers) L2 having the same lateral width that cover the upper surface and the lower surface of the first liquid layer L1. The three layers are joined together (cross-sectional pattern).

  Here, a specific structure of the liquid guiding mechanism will be described. In the casing 40, a partition wall 45 is provided at the center, and the inside of the casing 40 is divided into a first liquid dividing chamber 46 and a second liquid dividing chamber 47 in the left-right direction. The partition wall 45 is formed integrally with the casing body, and is fitted into a fitting recess 51 whose lower end is recessed at a predetermined position of the bottom wall 40c.

  On the other hand, the base end portion of the internal flow path of the nozzle 41 is divided into three layers by two partition plates 48a and 48b provided at intervals in the vertical direction, so that three divided flow paths are formed. In the following description, these three divided channels are referred to as “upper divided channel”, “middle divided channel”, and “lower divided channel” in order from the top.

  And in the projecting location of the nozzle 41 on the peripheral wall 40a of the casing 40, a first through hole 49 communicating from the first liquid dividing chamber 46 to the middle divided flow path (the divided section in the center in the vertical direction in the nozzle 41), A second through hole 50a and a third through hole 50b communicating from the second liquid dividing chamber 47 to the upper divided flow path and the lower divided flow path (upper and lower divided sections in the nozzle 41) are formed. Yes. That is, the first through hole 49, the second through hole 50 a, and the third through hole 50 b are divided into three divided flows in the nozzle 41 from the first liquid dividing chamber 46 and the second liquid dividing chamber 47 in the casing 40. It functions as a supply port for supplying the first liquid and the second liquid to each of the paths.

  The nozzle 41 is in the left-right direction of the casing 40 (in the direction along the channel cross section of the internal flow path of the nozzle 41) when viewed from the front (when viewed from a direction orthogonal to the flow channel cross section of the internal flow path of the nozzle 41). And the center position in the stacking direction (vertical direction) described above. The first liquid dividing chamber 46 is formed on the right side of the partition wall 45 provided at the center in the left-right direction in the casing 40 in a front view. For this reason, the first through-hole 49 is located at a position shifted to the right side from the center of the channel cross section of the internal flow channel (middle divided flow channel) of the nozzle 41 in the front view from the flow channel cross section of the middle divided flow channel. Is also formed in a small size. On the other hand, the second liquid dividing chamber 47 is formed on the left side of the partition wall 45 in a front view. For this reason, the 2nd through-hole 50a and the 3rd through-hole 50b are the positions which shifted | deviated to the left side from the center of the flow-path cross section of the internal flow path (upper division flow path and lower division flow path) of the nozzle 41 in front view. In addition, the upper divided flow path and the lower divided flow path are each formed in a size smaller than the flow path cross section.

  Moreover, the partition plates 48a and 48b are not oriented in the vertical direction (stacking direction) but inclined with respect to the orthogonal plane. Specifically, the middle divided flow path has a width along the vertical direction of the cross section of the flow path on the opposite side (the left side in this example) to the side where the first through hole 49 is displaced (the right side in this example). It is formed so as to become wider. On the other hand, the upper divided flow path and the lower divided flow path have opposite widths along the vertical direction of the flow path cross section from the side where the second through hole 50a and the third through hole 50b are shifted (left side in this example). It is formed so as to become wider toward the side (right side in this example).

  The pressing operation unit B4 includes a mounting frame unit 80 and a pressing plate 81. The mounting frame portion 80 is fitted to the inner surface of the inner peripheral wall 32 of the container fixing cylinder B2. The pressing plate 81 connects the front edge portion to the front edge of the mounting frame portion 80 via a hinge 82. The pressing plate 81 has a rear upper surface as a pressing portion, a pressing protrusion 83 projecting from the lower surface is in contact with the upper surface of the casing 40, and when the pressing portion is turned down around the hinge 82, the discharge head B3 is configured to be pushed down.

  When using the two-component dispenser 1 configured as described above, by pressing the pressing portion, the pressing plate 81 rotates about the hinge 82 to push down the discharge head B3, and the first discharge container The first stem 11a and the second stem 11b of A1 and the second discharge container A2 are pushed down, respectively. Thereby, the first liquid discharged from the first discharge container A1 through the first stem 11a is interposed between the partition plates 48a and 48b from the first liquid dividing chamber 46 through the first through hole 49. It is discharged into the formed middle divided flow path (the divided section at the center in the vertical direction). On the other hand, the second liquid discharged from the second discharge container A2 through the second stem 11b is separated from the second liquid dividing chamber 47 through the second and third through holes 50a and 50b. Are discharged into an upper divided flow path (upper divided section) formed above and a lower divided flow path (lower divided section) formed below the partition plate 48b. As a result, as shown in FIG. 8, the first liquid and the second liquid are merged in a three-layered state and then discharged from the tip of the nozzle 41.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, the width along the vertical direction (stacking direction) of the cross section of the divided flow path is different from the shifted side of the first through hole 49, the second through hole 50a, and the third through hole 50b. It is formed so as to become wider toward the opposite side, and acts to increase the flow rate on the wider side. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the deviation of the stacking state due to the displacement of the positions of the first through hole 49, the second through hole 50a, and the third through hole 50b (the deviation due to the decrease in the flow rate on the side opposite to the shifted side). Can do. As a result, the liquid amount of each layer in the laminated state can be brought close to a uniform state without deviation in the left-right direction.

  In addition, although it is possible to make the position of the 1st through-hole 49, the 2nd through-hole 50a, and the 3rd through-hole 50b the left-right direction constant, the structure in the casing 40 will become complicated. In this respect, according to the present embodiment, since the partition plates 48a and 48b are inclined with respect to the plane orthogonal to the stacking direction, the bias in the stacked state is suppressed, so that the structure in the casing 40 is complicated. This can be realized with a simple structure.

  Further, the first through hole 49 of the middle divided flow channel adjacent to the partition plates 48a and 48b and the second through hole 50a and the third through hole 50b of the upper divided flow channel and the lower divided flow channel are different from each other. It is formed in the position shifted to. For this reason, the difference in the width in the vertical direction between the adjacent divided flow paths is offset, and the divided flow paths can be arranged in a well-balanced manner as a whole.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, when the first liquid and the second liquid accommodated in the respective discharge containers A1, A2 are discharged from the discharge tool B, the first liquid is sandwiched between the second liquids. The three liquid layers are joined together, and the first liquid layer L1 is covered from above and below by the two second liquid layers L2. For this reason, the discharge liquid from the discharge tool B is discharged in a state in which the first liquid is hardly exposed to the outer surface. Therefore, the hair dye can be discharged in a state where the first agent is hardly exposed to the outer surface.

  As a result, for example, since the first liquid that is strongly irritating to the skin (scalp) is less likely to directly contact the skin, it is possible to suppress irritation to the skin. Further, for example, since the first liquid having a strong irritating odor is difficult to be exposed, the irritating odor of the discharged liquid can be suppressed. Further, for example, since the first liquid containing the dye is difficult to be exposed, it is possible to make it difficult to generate background stains. In addition, although these effects are an example of the effect by discharging a hair dye in the state in which a 1st agent is hard to expose to an outer surface, effects other than this may be sufficient.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the flow path cross section of the flow path at the tip of the nozzle 41 (the flow path in which the discharge port is opened) is shorter in the vertical direction (vertical direction) than in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction). It is a flat shape, and three divided flow paths are formed by further dividing such a flat shape in the vertical direction. For this reason, each divided flow path has a flat shape in which the vertical dimension is extremely shorter than the horizontal dimension, and is divided along the adjacent divided flow paths and the flat plane (upper and lower surfaces). Accordingly, the exposure amount of the first liquid in the stacked state (specifically, the exposure amount on the side surface of the stack) can be reduced. In addition, since the first agent and the second agent easily come into uniform contact with each other on the flat surface, it is possible to make it difficult for the mixture to be biased, thereby suppressing hair coloring unevenness. In addition, since the first liquid is disposed on the innermost side in the laminated state, the discharge liquid can be discharged in the laminated state in which the first liquid is least exposed.

  In addition, the divided flow path has a shape in which the flow path having the same shape as the flow path after the merge is divided by the partition plates 48a and 48b. Therefore, the shapes of the first liquid and the second liquid flowing out from the divided flow path are It is easy to maintain the flow path after the merge, and the laminated state is not easily broken. Therefore, the effect of making it difficult to expose the first liquid can be enhanced.

  In the present embodiment, the two-liquid discharger 1 corresponds to an example of a discharger. In addition, the first discharge container A1 and the second discharge container A2 correspond to an example of a storage unit, and the first liquid and the second liquid correspond to an example of a medicine. Discharge tool B corresponds to an example of a discharge tool, partition plates 48a and 48b correspond to an example of a partition plate, and first through hole 49, second through hole 50a, and third through hole 50b are an example of a supply port. It corresponds to.

As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention can take a various form, without being limited to the said embodiment.
(1) In the above embodiment, the partition plates 48a and 48b having a constant thickness are exemplified (FIG. 7). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and partition plates 48a and 48b having a constant thickness may be used. For example, the partition plates 48a and 48b as modified examples shown in FIG. 9 increase in thickness toward the right side when viewed from the front. If such partition plates 48a and 48b are used, the flow rate in the left-right direction can be adjusted to an appropriate flow rate. Specifically, for example, when the partition plates 48a and 48b having a constant thickness are used as shown in FIG. 7, if the flow rate deviation from the first through hole 49 is to be suppressed, the second through hole 50a and the third through hole 3 When the flow rate from the first through hole 49 is biased to the right when the flow rate from the through hole 50b is biased to the right side and conversely, the flow rate from the second through hole 50a and the third through hole 50b is suppressed. For this, the configuration shown in FIG. 9 is effective. That is, by increasing the thickness of the partition plates 48a and 48b toward the right side, it is possible to suppress the deviation of the flow rate toward the right side as a whole. That is, the flow rate in the left-right direction in each divided flow path can be independently adjusted in each divided flow path without changing the shape of the internal flow path of the nozzle 41 excluding the partition plates 48a and 48b. In particular, when the viscosity of the chemicals flowing through the divided flow paths is different, the degree of deviation of the flow rate with respect to the extent of the width in the vertical direction can be different, so the effect of adjusting with such a configuration is high.

  (2) In the above-described embodiment, the discharge tool B includes the container fixing frame B1, the container fixing cylinder B2, the discharge head B3, and the pressing operation unit B4. However, at least some of these components are included. It may be formed integrally to reduce the number of parts, and conversely, it may be composed of more parts.

  (3) In the above embodiment, the configuration using an aerosol can as an accommodating portion for accommodating a liquid is exemplified, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a pump mechanism including a cylinder and a piston may be incorporated. Also in this case, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which the liquid is discharged by pushing down the stem, and when the push is released, the stem is raised by the upward biasing force and the discharge of the liquid is stopped. Further, the present invention is not limited to pushing down the stem, and the liquid may be discharged by other operations such as a structure in which the stem is inclined to discharge the liquid. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which is not equipped with a stem, and the method of discharge operation is not specifically limited.

  (4) The form of the drug is not particularly limited as long as it can flow (fluid). For example, it is good also as a form discharged in foam form (form form), a form discharged in viscous liquid form (for example, cream form), etc. Such a discharge form is realized by a known foaming structure in each discharge container, physical properties of the containing liquid itself, and the like. In addition, the higher the shape retention of the liquid, the easier it is to visually recognize the cross-sectional pattern of the discharge liquid, and the cross-sectional pattern is in a uniform state (a state where the thickness of each layer is constant in the left-right direction) by suppressing the unevenness of the laminated state. Can be approached. Moreover, even when it is a case where it is discharged in a state in which the cross-sectional pattern is difficult to be visually recognized (cannot be visually recognized) as in the case of being discharged in a bubble shape, it is the same in that it is merged in a stacked state before being discharged. There are similar effects.

  (5) In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the liquids are joined in a laminated state of three layers including two outer layers and one inner layer sandwiched between them is not limited to this. You may make it make a liquid merge in the lamination | stacking state of a layer, or the lamination | stacking state of four or more layers. Specifically, in the above-described embodiment, three divided flow paths are formed by the two partition plates 48a and 48b. However, it is possible to form two divided flow paths by using one such partition plate. It is possible to form four or more divided flow paths by using three or more. For example, when the first liquid and the second liquid are merged as in the above embodiment, the liquid may be merged in a two-layered state in which the upper surface of the first liquid is covered with the second liquid. Further, for example, the liquids may be combined in a stacked state of five layers in which the second liquid and the first liquid are alternately stacked. That is, two outer layers and one inner layer among the three inner layers sandwiched between these two outer layers are constituted by the second liquid, and the remaining inner layers are constituted by the first liquid. However, when three layers are used as in the above embodiment, the first liquid is disposed on the innermost side in the laminated state, and the thickness of the outer layer of the second liquid can be increased, so that the first liquid is most hardly exposed. Thus, the effect of making it difficult to expose the first liquid can be enhanced.

  (6) In the above-described embodiment, the two-liquid discharger that combines and discharges the first liquid and the second liquid is exemplified, but the present invention is not limited to this, and 3 stored in three or more storage units. It is good also as a structure which combines and discharges the liquid of more than a kind. For example, it can be used for discharging a three-component hair dye. Also in this case, the same effect is acquired by making it join so that a 1st agent may not become an outer layer in a lamination state. For example, the first liquid (first agent) containing a strong irritation and irritating odor to the skin, and the second liquid (second agent) and the third liquid not containing the dye, having a weak irritation and irritating odor to the skin. A three-layer laminated state sandwiched between liquids (third agent), a four-layer laminated state between the first liquid and the third liquid sandwiched between the second liquid, and the first liquid and the second liquid sandwiched between the third liquids It can be a four-layer laminated state.

  (7) In the above embodiment, the two accommodating portions are configured using two aerosol cans. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a plurality of pouches (inner bags) are provided in one aerosol can. It is good also as a structure accommodated and accommodating the liquid in each pouch.

  (8) Although the hair dye is exemplified in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be, for example, a decoloring agent or a decoloring agent. The decoloring agent and the decoloring agent do not contain a dye, but otherwise the same effects as in the case of the hair coloring agent can be obtained.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Two-liquid discharge device, 40 ... Casing, 40a ... Perimeter wall, 40b ... Top wall, 40c ... Bottom wall, 41 ... Nozzle, 45 ... Partition wall, 46 ... Divided chamber for 1st liquid, 47 ... Divided for 2nd liquid 48a, 48b ... partition plate, 49, 50a, 50b ... through hole, A ... discharge container, A1 ... first discharge container, A2 ... second discharge container, B ... discharge tool, B1 ... container fixing frame , B2 ... Container fixing cylinder, B3 ... Discharge head, B4 ... Pressing operation part

Claims (4)

A discharge tool for merging and discharging drugs stored in a plurality of storage portions,
A plurality of divided flow channels for joining the medicines stored in the plurality of storage portions in a stacked state in which two or more layers are stacked in a fixed stacking direction;
A plurality of supply ports for supplying a medicine to each of the plurality of divided flow paths;
With
At least one of the plurality of divided flow paths has the supply port formed at a position shifted from the center of the flow path cross section in a direction along the flow path cross section and perpendicular to the stacking direction. In addition, the discharge tool is characterized in that a width of the cross section of the flow path along the stacking direction is formed so as to increase toward a side opposite to the side where the supply port is shifted. The discharge tool according to claim 1, wherein
The plurality of divided flow paths have a shape in which one flow path is divided into a plurality of layers by one or more partition plates,
The said partition plate inclines with respect to the surface orthogonal to the said lamination direction. The discharge tool characterized by the above-mentioned. The discharge tool according to claim 2, wherein
The discharge tool, wherein the supply ports of the divided flow channels adjacent to each other with the partition plate interposed therebetween are formed at positions shifted to different sides. A plurality of storage units for storing medicines;
The discharge tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A dispenser comprising:

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