JP5917208B2 - Cross stair and cross stair crossing - Google Patents

Description

  In the present invention, a plurality of straight staircase stairs constructed between floors of different layers (floors) intersect each other while adjoining in the width direction, and mainly travel between the adjacent stairs during the construction period. The present invention relates to a cross stair that can be used and a cross stair crossing member used for the purpose of traffic between adjacent stairs.

  For example, when a straight staircase that can secure a wide landing in the middle of the staircase (adjacent to the lengthwise direction) is adjacent in the width direction but is laid between different floors (floors), the adjacent straight staircase shares the landing Since it becomes a form, it is possible to freely go back and forth between adjacent stairs through the landing of both stairs (see Patent Document 1).

  For example, from the upstairs to the upper floor of one stairs, it is possible to go to the exit of the adjacent stairs by turning back via the landing, so the same descending of the adjacent stairs than when not going through the landing There is an advantage that the route to the mouth can be shortened. However, in Patent Document 1, since the landing is located on a specific floor of the building, the point that reached the exit of the adjacent staircase via the landing from the lower floor of one staircase is two layers, Go upstairs.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, when a straight staircase that cannot secure a landing in the middle of the length direction is adjacent, there is no shared landing between adjacent staircases, so the wall that separates both between adjacent staircases It is not possible to go between adjacent stairs even during the construction period prior to construction. In this case, for example, when moving from a point on the lower floor to the same point on the upper floor, as shown by an arrow starting from the black circle in FIG. There is an inconvenience of having to detour and return to the same point after moving to the opposite side (the exit from the stairs).

JP 2001-241192 A (Claim 3, paragraph 0011, FIG. 2)

  In Patent Document 1, it is possible to go back and forth between adjacent stairs through a landing 7 formed in an intersecting section of straight stairs that intersect, but the installation position of the landing 7 is at the level of the floor of any floor as described above. Because they are aligned (paragraph 0011), the movement between the same points between adjacent floors through the middle part between the upper and lower adjacent floors is not free. The landing hall 7 has continuous passageways 14 and 15 arranged in the width direction of the stairs, and the passageways 14 and 15 are continuous with the adjacent passageway 4.

  Patent document 1 enables the movement (traffic) between the corridors arrange | positioned in the surface where an adjacent building opposes, when the building (building) which has a several layer is set up adjacent in parallel. Therefore, it is not possible to turn up and down between adjacent straight stairs via an intermediate part between adjacent floors (claim 1, paragraph 0002). In particular, in consideration of the convenience of movement for improving workability during the construction period, short-circuit movement between the same points between adjacent floors is not possible.

  The present invention is based on the above background, mainly for improving workability during the construction period, a cross stair that allows movement between the same points between the upper and lower adjacent floors, and the traffic between the crossing stairs used and intersected therewith. The cross stair crossing member suitable for is proposed.

The cross staircase according to the first aspect of the present invention is an elevation in which a plurality of straight staircase-type stairs that are opposed to each other across a plane on a plane are adjacent to each other in the width direction. on a cross staircase crossing each other, the two adjacent stair intersect each other in the longitudinal direction intermediate portion of both the stairs, the section in which this crossing, a plurality of said each step in the longitudinal direction of the staircase A bridge member having a length straddling a plurality of step plates and having a width straddling between the adjacent stairs in the width direction of the stairs is detachably installed, and communicates in the width direction of the stairs in the intersecting section . , It is possible to go between the stairs ,
The crossover member has leg portions that are supported across two or more step plates of the stairs on both sides in the width direction of the stairs, and each leg portion includes two or more steps of the stairs on each side. It is a constituent requirement that the corrugated plate has a shape cut out according to the shape of the tread surface .

  “Space” refers to a space that becomes a staircase. "Between floors with different layers" basically refers to the space between adjacent floors (a certain floor and the floor directly above it), but a straight staircase is installed between two floors (for example, between the first floor and the third floor) In some cases, it is not necessarily between the floors of adjacent floors.

  Depending on the floor plan of the building, there are cases where three or more straight staircases that constitute the cross staircase are installed adjacent to each other in the width direction. In this case, at least one of the two adjacent stairs is mutually connected. Intersect. The section where two stairs intersect (communication section) is mainly used for the purpose of improving the work efficiency of workers during the construction (construction) period of the building (structure). The width in the length direction of the stairs only needs to be large enough to allow people to pass through. In this relationship, the crossing section may be an area (section) including at least one or a plurality of step boards located in the middle in the longitudinal direction of each staircase, and no landing is required in the crossing section.

  In direct stairs, the number of steps (number of steps) is calculated based on the difference in floor level between the lower and upper floors where the stairs are built (floor height) and the horizontal distance between both floors. The depth (tread surface dimension) of one corrugated board is determined. For this reason, if the landing is formed in the area of the floor area where there is not enough room to secure the landing due to the restriction of the horizontal distance, the result is that the depth of at least one of the corrugated boards must be reduced. On the other hand, without the formation of a landing, the depth of any step board can be obtained by connecting adjacent steps in the width direction in an area including one or more step boards in the length direction of the steps. It is possible to freely move between adjacent stairs without reducing (tread surface dimension).

  Because it is not necessary to reduce the depth of all the steps that make up the straight staircase, it is a floor that serves as a scaffold for the crossing section (communication section) used for traffic (traffic) of people (operators) between adjacent stairs. There is an advantage that the area of a region (range) that forms a flat surface without a step in (stepping surface of the step board) can be expanded. If the depth of the step board is small, the floor surface that serves as a scaffold for the intersection section, for example, the upper surface of the connecting portion of the transition member described later, tends to be stepped with a step.

  Specifically, in the intersection section (communication section), a certain width for the passage of people is secured in the length direction of the stairs as described above, but if the depth of one step board is small, the intersection In order to secure a certain width of the section, it is necessary to have a section straddling a large number of step boards, so the floor surface as the scaffolding of the passage in the intersection section has a stepped shape, has a step, and the number of steps increases. easy. On the other hand, if it is not necessary to reduce the depth of a single step board, the floor surface used as a scaffold for the passage can be formed into a flat plate shape, or straddle a step board with a smaller number of steps. Therefore, it is easy to ensure stability and safety during passage.

  In addition, two adjacent stairs intersect each other in the middle in the longitudinal direction of both stairs, so that the movement between two adjacent stairs at the height (level) of the middle part between different layers (inter-floor) ( Therefore, short-circuited movement between different layers, especially between adjacent floors, becomes possible.

  In the same point between different layers, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, on one stairs, from the lower floor upstairs marked with a circle to the upper floor stairs upstairs, move up one layer. When rising from the stairs up to the intersection (communication section) in the middle of the stairs (intermediate part in the length direction), the stairs move from the intersection section (communication section) to the adjacent stairs and turn back to the middle of the stairs (intermediate part) ) To the exit at the tip of the arrow. Since the exit of the stairs after the turn is the same point as the ascending entrance of the stairs on the directly upper floor, the movement distance between the same points between different layers is the horizontal distance, from the ascending entrance of the direct staircase to the exit It's just a distance.

  As a result, as shown in Fig. 6, after moving from the upstairs entrance of the lower floor to the upstairs exit on the opposite side of the stairs (straight staircase), detour around the staircase through the upper floor corridor and floor Since there is no need to do this in FIG. 5, the efficiency of movement is greatly improved and the movement time is shortened.

  It is also possible to move from the lower floor of one stairs shown in FIG. 5 to the same floor of the other adjacent stairs via an intersection (communication section). It is possible to shorten the horizontal distance for movement without detouring around the staircase when moving from one floor to the other floor facing each other across the staircase inside .

The crossing section (communication section) of two adjacent stairs will be open without any borders (partitions) such as handrails or walls at least during the period when it is used as a passageway, but for the purpose of ensuring safety during passage In addition to the staircase (step board), a bridge member is detachably installed . The crossover member has a length that spans a plurality of step plates of each stairway in the lengthwise direction of the staircase in a crossing section (communication section) of two staircases, and straddles between adjacent staircases in the widthwise direction of the staircase It has a width and is detachably installed on both adjacent stairs in a state of being placed on each step plate of the adjacent stairs (Claims 1 and 2 ). When there are side girders at least on the side of adjacent stairs of each stairs, the crossover member has a width straddling between the side girders of both stairs.

The transition member is detachable from both stairs, so it is installed mainly as a temporary member during the construction period of the building. It is secured by being temporarily fixed to a girder or a temporary handrail. Site impinging on stage plate of the connecting member is formed into a shape notched in accordance with the surface shape of the step plate.

  As described above, three or more stairs may be adjacent to each other in the width direction, the intersection position of the stairs adjacent to one side of the stairs located in the center of the width direction, and the stairs adjacent to the other side. When the crossing positions of the two are different, two crossing sections are formed on the staircase located in the center in the width direction of the staircase, and therefore a cross member may be installed at the two places.

  Two adjacent stairs intersect each other in the middle in the longitudinal direction of both stairs, and communicate with each other in the width direction of the stairs in the intersecting section. The movement (traversing) between them becomes possible, and the shorted movement between the same points between different layers becomes possible.

Therefore, for example, when moving from the staircase on the lower floor to the staircase on the upper floor, from the staircase on the lower floor to the intersection (communication section) in the middle of the stairs (intermediate length direction) When it rises, it is only necessary to move from the crossing section (communication section) to the adjacent staircase, turn back and rise from the middle of the staircase (middle part) to the exit, so there is no need to bypass the staircase and Efficiency is greatly improved and travel time can be shortened.

It is the perspective view which showed a mode that the crossing (communication) area of an adjacent staircase and the transition member arrange | positioned at this crossing area were seen from the upper direction of one staircase. It is the perspective view which showed a mode that the crossing (communication) area shown in FIG. 1 and the crossing member were seen from the intermediate part of one staircase. It is the elevation which showed a mode that the stairs adjacent in the width direction cross | intersect. (A) is the perspective view which showed the relationship of the adjacent staircase of the example shown in FIG. 3 in which each stepboard of each staircase located in an intersection section has shifted | deviated by one stepboard in the length direction of the staircase. b) is a perspective view showing the relationship between adjacent stairs when the step plates of the stairs located in the intersection section are not displaced. It is the top view which showed the flow line when moving from the upper exit of a lower floor to the exit of the same position of an upper floor through the intersection (communication) section of an adjacent staircase. It is the top view which showed the detoured flow line when moving from the upstairs of a lower floor to the exit of the same position of a directly upper floor in the conventional staircase where there is no communication section between adjacent stairs.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are opposed to each other across a plane on a plane, and a plurality of straight staircase types 21 and 22 constructed between different floors 5 and 6 are adjacent in the width direction. The construction example of the cross staircase 1 which cross | intersects each other on the elevation surface and enabled the traffic between the adjacent staircases 21 and 22 through the intersection section 3 is shown.

  FIG. 1 shows a state in which the intersection section 3 is looked down from the upper floor of one stair 21, and FIG. 2 shows a state in which the intersection section 3 is viewed horizontally from the lower floor of one stair 21. Two adjacent stairs 21 and 22 intersect each other in the middle in the longitudinal direction of both stairs 21 and 22, and this intersecting section 3 communicates with or opens in the width direction of the stairs 21 and 22. It becomes possible to come and go. The intersection section 3 is also referred to as a communication section or an open space.

The crossing section 3 has a width that allows at least one person to pass sideways in the lengthwise direction of the stairs 21 and 22 (orientation when moving up and down the stairs). As will be described later, this width extends over two or more step plates 2b of each of the stairs 21 , 22. The crossing section 3 has a length in the width direction of the stairs 21 and 22 so as to straddle at least between side girders 2a and 2a, which will be described later, or between the step plates 2b and 2b.

  The intersection section (communication section) 3 is formed as a temporary facility mainly for the purpose of improving workability during the construction (construction) period of the building (structure) including the stairs 21 and 22. May be removed (collected) or blocked by the wall 4 or the like depending on the purpose and use of the stairs 21 and 22, but may be left open after completion of construction. The illustrated cross staircase 1 (staircases 21 and 22) shows an example in which the cross staircase 1 is used as a temporary staircase after the crossing section (communication section) 3 is removed. There is also.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the stairs 21 and 22 may be supported by walls 4 and 4 located on both sides in the width direction of the stairs 21 and 22, for example, constituting a staircase when the building is completed. During the construction period before 4 is constructed, the stairs 21 and 22 are independently constructed between the floor 5 on the lower floor and the floor 6 on the upper floor. Therefore, in principle, the stairs 21 and 22 have side girders (including sagging girders) 2a and 2a on both sides in the width direction, and a step plate 2b is constructed between the side girders 2a and 2a on both sides to support the girders. It is installed as a staircase. A method of supporting (joining) the step plate 2b to the side beams 2a and 2a is not limited. A kick plate may or may not be disposed between the upper and lower adjacent step plates 2b and 2b.

  The side girders 2a and 2a on both sides of each staircase 21 and 22 may be temporary or permanent walls 4 and 4. In the latter case, the step plate 2b is supported by the walls 4 and 4 on both sides. become. When the walls 4 and 4 support the step plate 2b, at least during the construction period in which the intersection section 3 is formed as a temporary facility, the wall 4 located at the boundary between the adjacent steps 21 and 22 is open to the intersection section 3 It becomes the wall which has the opened part.

  In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, since the step plate 2b of each staircase 21 and 22 is supported by the side girders 2a and 2a, a temporary construction for ensuring safety when the staircases 21 and 22 pass during the work period is provided. The handrail 7 is detachably fixed to the side girders 2a and 2a in the sections other than the cross section 3 by using a fixing tool 71 such as a clamp. In this case, the handrail 7 is absent in the intersection section 3, and the crossing member 8 is installed in the intersection section 3 as a stepping platform for passage. As described above, the handrail 7 may be a temporary or permanent wall 4 (including a waist wall and a hanging wall).

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the crossover member 8 is located on both sides of the stairs 21 and 22 in the width direction, and the leg portions 8a and 8a and the both leg portions 8a and 8a are grounded to the step plates 2b and 2b of the stairs 21 and 22, respectively. , And a person (operator) has three portions of the connecting portion 8b that can be placed as a stepping plate when passing through the intersection section 3, and the bottom portions of the legs 8a and 8a are in contact (contact) with the surfaces of the step plates 2b and 2b. And supported by the step plates 2b and 2b. The manufacturing method of the transition member 8 is not asked. For example, the crossover member 8 is formed by assembling leg portions 8a, 8a and connecting portions 8b as separate members and joining them to each other, as well as a case of being manufactured as an integral structure, and two leg portions 8a. , 8a may be manufactured by joining the connecting portion 8b to the integrated member.

  In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, both sides in the width direction of the connecting portion 8b, which are both sides in the length direction of the staircase 21, remain open, but on both sides in the width direction of the connecting portion 8b, the shapes of the side beams 2a and 2b, Or the end plate in which the notch according to inclination was formed may be fixed, and both sides may be blocked. The end plate may also serve as a wall 8c described later.

  In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, prevention of falling (falling) when passing over the crossing member 8 on both sides in the width direction (the length direction of the stairs) of the crossing member 8 composed of the leg portions 8a and 8a and the connecting portion 8b. A wall 8c or a fence for joining, and integrally joining at least one of the leg portions 8a, 8a and the connecting portion 8b, and the wall portion 8c is clamped to a temporary handrail 7 by a fastener 9 such as a clamp or a string Temporarily fixed. As shown in FIG. 2, the wall 8c is fixed to the legs 8a, 8a or the connecting portion 8b with screws or the like.

  The bottom surface of the connecting portion 8b comes into contact with the side girders 2a and 2a of the two stairs 21 and 22 or floats from the side girders 2a and 2a. If it contacts the side girders 2a, 2a, the transition member 8 is supported by the step plates 2b, 2b and the side girders 2a, 2a, and if it is in a floating state, the transition member 8 is supported by the step plates 2b, 2b. When the step plate 2b is supported by the wall 4 instead of the side beam 2a, the transition member 8 is basically supported by the step plates 2b and 2b of the two steps 21 and 22 at the legs 8a and 8a.

  When the bottom surface of the connecting portion 8b is in contact with the side girders 2a and 2a, the connecting portion 8b is supported by the side girders 2a and 2a at two points on both sides in the length direction with respect to the center on the plane. There is an advantage that stability in a fixed state is increased. In order to increase the stability in the fixed state, a groove or the like for accommodating the side beams 2a, 2a may be formed on the bottom surface of the connecting portion 8b in accordance with the inclination of the upper ends of the side beams 2a, 2a having different directions. is there.

Transition member 8 in the width direction (stair length direction) as shown in FIG. 1 or the like having a length extending over two or more stages plate 2b of the adjacent stair 21,22. The crossover member 8 straddles between the steps 21 and 22 having different directions from the ascending entrance to the exit entrance .

  FIG. 3 shows the lengths of the stairs 21 and 22, as shown in FIG. 4- (a), where the stepwise plates 2 b and 2 b located in the intersection section 3 of the adjacent stairs 21 and 22 are not on the same line in the depth direction. An example of intersecting stairs 21 and 22 in the case where they are displaced by one step plate 2b in the direction is shown. FIG. 4- (b) shows an example in which the depth direction centers of the step plates 2b, 2b located in the intersection section 3 are on the same line.

  4 (a) and 4 (b), each step 21 and 22 is shown by three step plates 2b, but in FIG. 4 (a), the central step plate 2b located in the intersection section 3 of each step 21 and 22 is shown. , 2b are shifted by one sheet in the length direction of the stairs 21, 22, and in FIG. 5 (b), the center in the depth direction of the central step plates 2b, 2b is located on the same line.

  FIG. 3 shows that the two step plates 2b, 2b at the center and the lower step side of each of the steps 21, 22 shown in FIG. 4- (a) are located in the crossing section 3, and are members that cross over the two step plates 2b, 2b. This is a case where 8 crosses. In the example shown in FIG. 4- (b), only the central one step plate 2b is located in the intersection section 3, or in the same manner as in the example, the two step plates 2b, 2b on the center side and the lower step side are provided. Located in intersection section 3. In the case of FIG. 4- (b), the crossover member 8 may straddle only one step board 2b of each staircase 21 and 22.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the leg portions 8 a and 8 a of the crossover member 8 are supported by two or more step plates 2 b of one staircase 21 and two or more step plates 2 b of the other staircase 22. 1 and 2 show an example in which each leg portion 8a is supported by two step plates 2b of the respective steps 21 and 22. FIG. When the leg portions 8a and 8a are supported by two or more step plates 2b, the bottom surface of the leg portion 8a is formed in a shape that is cut out in accordance with the shape of the tread surface of the two or more step plates 2b.

  1 and 2 show a state in which the temporary handrail 7 is temporarily fixed to the side girders 2a and 2a of the stairs 21 and 22 as described above. Here, when the height and length of the temporary handrail 7 are constant, the crossing section 3 (crossover member 8) side of the handrail 7 fixed to the section from the ascending exit of one staircase 21 to the crossing section 3 And the height of the handrail 7 adjacent to the width direction of the staircase 21 on the side of the cross section 3 (crossover member 8) is relatively high, so that the height of the wall portion 8c of the crossover member 8 is relatively The height is adjusted to the height of the handrail 7 located above. A display plate 8d for indicating what floor and the intermediate floor the intersection section 3 is attached to the surfaces of the wall portions 8c, 8c facing each other is attached by some means such as adhesion or screwing.

  As shown in FIG. 4- (a), the depth (tread surface dimension) of one step plate 2b is smaller than the length (width of the cross section 3) of one transition member 8 (leg portion 8a), and the transition member 8 When (crossing section 3) is installed across two or more step plates 2b, 2b, the level of the step board 2b near the crossing section 3 of one stair 21 that goes up to the crossing section 3 (crossover member 8). A step is created between (height) and the level (height) of the step plate 2b of the other staircase 22 that rises from that position. Accordingly, the height of the handrail 7 fixed in the section from the ascending exit of one staircase 21 to the intersection section 3 and the handrail 7 adjacent to the width direction of the staircase 21 and the height of the handrail 7 in the width direction of the staircase 21. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a step is generated at the height of the crossing section 3 (crossover member 8) side.

  As shown in FIG. 4- (b), when the depth of one step plate 2b of each of the steps 21 and 22 is equal to or longer than the length of one transition member 8, both step plates located in the intersection section 3 Since the centers of 2b and 2b are on the same line and the surfaces of both step plates 2b and 2b are in the same plane, the heights of both handrails 7 and 7 may be equal.

  Since the crossover member 8 functions as a stepping platform for a person (operator) passing through the intersection section 3, the crossing member 8 slips in the length direction and the width direction of the stairs 21 and 22 in the installed state in the intersection section 3. It is appropriate to be temporarily fixed in a state where a certain level of stability is ensured. The crossover member 8 also serves to prevent the downward movement from the gap between the stairs 21 and 22 when a tool or tool carried by a person falls during passage.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 1 and the like, when the bridge member 8 straddles two or more step plates 2b of both stairs 21, 22, the leg portion 8a is on the step plate 2b of one stairs 21 or the rise plate At the same time as engaging with the step plate 2b of the other staircase 22 or the riser plate, the movement of the crossover member 8 in the width direction (steps 21, 22 length direction) is restrained. . In the width direction of the stairs 21 and 22, the leg portion 8 a is engaged with the side girders 2 a and 2 a of both the stairs 21 and 22, thereby restraining the movement in that direction.

  When the transition member 8 ensures the stability in the length direction and the width direction of the steps 21 and 22 by the engagement of the leg portion 8a with the step plate 2b and the like and the engagement with the side beam 2a, FIGS. As shown in FIG. 5, the stability in the installed state is ensured by the connection to the handrail 7 or the like with the fastener 9 in the wall portion 8c.

1 …… Cross staircase,
21, 22 ... Stairs, 2a ... Side girders, 2b ... Corrugated board,
3 …… Intersection,
4 ... wall,
5, 6 ... floor,
7 …… Handrail, 71 …… Fixture,
8: Transition member, 8a: Leg part, 8b ... Connection part, 8c ... Wall part, 8d ... Display plate,
9 ... Fasteners.

Claims (2)

A plurality of straight staircase type stairs facing each other across a space on a plane and laid between floors of different layers are cross stairs that intersect each other on an elevational surface while adjoining in the width direction,
The two adjacent stairs intersect each other in the middle part in the longitudinal direction of both stairs, and this intersecting section has a length straddling a plurality of step plates in the longitudinal direction of the stairs. In addition, a crossover member having a width spanning between the adjacent stairs in the width direction of the stairs is detachably installed, communicated in the width direction of the stairs in the intersecting section , and can be moved between the stairs. And
The crossover member has leg portions that are supported across two or more step plates of the stairs on both sides in the width direction of the stairs, and each leg portion includes two or more steps of the stairs on each side. A cross staircase having a shape cut out in accordance with a shape of a tread surface of the step board . It is a temporary transition member used for the cross staircase according to claim 1 and disposed in the intersecting section of two adjacent staircases, and a plurality of step plates of each staircase in the length direction of the staircase And has a width straddling between the adjacent stairs in the width direction of the stairs, and is mounted on and removed from both the adjacent stairs in a state of being placed on each step plate of the adjacent stairs. Installed freely ,
Legs supported on two or more step plates of each staircase on both sides in the width direction of the staircase, each leg portion of two or more stepboards of the staircase on each side A cross stair crossing member characterized by being cut out according to the shape of the tread .

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