JP5921760B2 - Shutter opening and closing mechanism and ventilation fan - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a shutter opening / closing mechanism and a ventilation fan, and particularly to a wind pressure type shutter opening / closing mechanism and a ventilation fan having the shutter opening / closing mechanism.

Conventionally, a wall-mounted ventilation fan (hereinafter referred to as “ventilation fan”) and its shutter opening / closing mechanism have the following configurations.
In other words, the ventilation fan is installed in a through-hole formed in the wall, has a function of supporting the whole and fixing to the wall, and is supported by the frame body with the indoor side and the outdoor side opened respectively. An electric motor, a fan detachably fixed to the rotating shaft of the electric motor by a spinner (fixing means), and a detachable orifice fixed to the frame and surrounding the fan to form a wind tunnel.
Then, the fan (electric motor) is driven to rotate by controlling the power supplied by the power cable with a drawstring switch or the like, and an air flow is formed between the air inside the room and the air outside the room. Ventilation.
Further, the frame body is provided with a shutter for shutting off the room and the outside when ventilation is not performed. For example, when a fan (electric motor) is activated and an air flow is generated by the fan, a wind pressure shutter is opened (the room and the outdoor communicate with each other) by pressing the shutter, and the fan (electric motor) is stopped and the air flow generated by the fan. If is not formed, there is no pressure to press the shutter, and the shutter is closed (the room and the outside are shut off).

The shutter has a plurality of shutter plates arranged in parallel to each other, and the positions near the upper edges of the plurality of shutter plates are rotatably installed on the frame body respectively on the parallel shutter shafts, and close to the lower edges of the shutter plates. Rotate so that the range of In addition, shutter arms that protrude toward the indoor side are fixed to positions near the upper edges of the plurality of shutter plates, and the indoor side ends of the plurality of shutter arms are respectively connected to the connecting shafts provided at the ends. Connected to the connecting plate.
That is, the plurality of shutter shafts and the plurality of connecting shafts are parallel to each other, and a surface (virtual surface) on which the plurality of shutter shafts are disposed and a surface (virtual surface) on which the plurality of connecting shafts are disposed. Are parallel to each other (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Microfilm (first page, FIG. 1, FIG. 3) of actual application No. 61-139472 (No. 63-46738)

FIGS. 5A to 6B are diagrams for explaining the generation of torque in the shutter opening / closing mechanism, in which FIG. 5A is a partial side view showing the direction of its own weight when attached to a wall, and FIG. 5B is a case where attached to the ceiling FIG. 6A is a correlation graph showing the relationship between the shutter opening angle and torque when attached to the wall, and FIG. 6B is the relationship between the shutter opening angle and torque when attached to the ceiling. It is a correlation graph which shows.
In the shutter opening / closing mechanism, the torque due to the wind pressure is a torque that decreases as the shutter opens due to the nature of the pressure.Therefore, in order to open the shutter more under the same airflow condition, the auxiliary torque is provided by providing the shutter opening / closing auxiliary mechanism. It is necessary to cancel the torque in the direction in which the shutter closes or to reduce the torque in the closing direction by reducing the mass of the shutter plate.

5A and 5B, the torque in the direction in which the shutter plate 20c closes due to its own weight includes the mass m of the shutter plate 20c, the gravitational acceleration g, the distance L between the center of gravity G of the shutter plate 20c and the rotation center O of the shutter plate 20c. The line segment OG is determined by the angle ψ formed with the opening surface of the frame 10 when the shutter plate 20c is closed and the shutter opening angle θ.
That is, it is represented by “m · g · L · sin (ψ + θ)” in the case of wall mounting (see FIG. 5A), and “m · g · L · cos (ψ + θ)” in the case of ceiling mounting (see FIG. 5B). The
Further, when a plurality of shutter plates having the same shape are connected to the shutter plate 20c so as to operate at the same angle, the total torque in the closing direction due to its own weight is the sum of the mass m and the plurality of shutter plates in the above formula. Obtained by replacing with mass.

In the correlation graph between the torque and the shutter opening angle θ shown in FIG. 6A, the torque characteristic in the closing direction in the case of wall mounting draws a sine curve. In the correlation graph between the torque and the shutter opening angle θ shown in FIG. 6B, the torque characteristic in the closing direction in the case of ceiling mounting draws a cosine curve. On the other hand, the torque in the shutter opening direction due to the wind pressure has the same torque characteristics regardless of the attitude of the ventilation fan.
The crossing point of the torque in the closing direction and the torque in the opening direction is the angle at which the shutter balances and stops. Therefore, as described above, in order to open the shutter more while keeping the torque in the opening direction due to the wind pressure, it is necessary to reduce the torque in the closing direction.

However, the amount of reduction required to make the torque in the closing direction less than the torque in the opening direction differs between the torque characteristic of the sine curve and the torque characteristic of the cosine curve.
In other words, when canceling the torque in the closing direction using the shutter opening / closing assist mechanism, the optimal auxiliary torque characteristics differ between the wall-mounted ventilation fan and the ceiling-mounted ventilation fan, and the auxiliary torque increases as the shutter opens in the wall mounting. On the other hand, in the case of ceiling mounting, a constant auxiliary torque may be generated regardless of the shutter opening angle θ, or the auxiliary torque may be reduced as the shutter is opened.

Because of this difference, the ventilation fan using the shutter opening / closing mechanism may not operate properly if the mounting orientation is changed. Therefore, separate shutter opening / closing mechanisms may be used for wall mounting and ceiling mounting, or the shutter plate The material used was a lightweight material such as aluminum or resin, and the shutter plate could be opened only by wind pressure.
That is, when the wall-mounted ventilation fan and the ceiling-mounted ventilation fan are separated, dedicated parts are required, so the production efficiency is poor. When the shutter plate material is light, the ventilation fan has a high material cost and heat resistance. There is a problem that the use of is limited.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation fan that is configured with the same parts as a conventional wall-mounting dedicated wind pressure type shutter-equipped ventilation fan and can also be mounted on a ceiling.

The shutter opening / closing mechanism according to the present invention includes a rectangular frame, a plurality of shutter plates rotatably supported on the frame at a position near one side edge, and the shutter plates open and close simultaneously. A plurality of connecting plates that connect the shutter plates, a spring that is attached to connect any one of the shutter plates, and at least one shutter plate of the pair of shutter plates, A spring attachment portion to which one end of the spring can be attached, and selects any one of the plurality of spring attachment portions, and the spring attachment portion is selected to the selected spring attachment portion. by attaching the one end portion, and a torque acting on one of the shutter plate of the pair of shutter plates by the spring, the other of the pair of shutter plates by the spring sheet The torque acting on Potter plate, characterized in that it differs in one or both of the magnitude and direction.

The shutter opening / closing mechanism according to the present invention can change the correlation characteristics of the torque generated by the shutter opening / closing mechanism with respect to the shutter opening angle by changing the mounting position of the spring. And ventilation fans that can be mounted on both the ceiling and the ceiling (ventilation fans with wind pressure shutters) can be provided.
In the present invention, the term “spring” is not limited to literally “coil spring or the like”, and when coupled across a pair of members, the pair of objects is caused by a variation in the distance between the pair of objects. It includes an elastic body in which the force acting between the objects varies.

The side view which shows when a shutter closes at the time of corresponding to the wall mounting explaining the shutter opening / closing mechanism which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. The side view which shows when a shutter opens in the case of respond | corresponding to the wall mounting explaining the shutter opening / closing mechanism which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. The side view which shows when a shutter closes at the time of respond | corresponding to the ceiling mounting explaining the shutter opening / closing mechanism which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. The side view which shows when a shutter opens in the case of respond | corresponding to the ceiling mounting explaining the shutter opening / closing mechanism which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 1B is a side view schematically showing a spring length and a torque arm length when the shutter is fully closed in the shutter opening / closing mechanism shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B. FIG. 1B is a side view schematically showing a spring length and a torque arm length when the shutter opening angle is 30 ° in the shutter opening / closing mechanism shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B. FIG. 1B is a side view schematically showing a spring length and a torque arm length when the shutter opening angle is 60 ° in the shutter opening / closing mechanism shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B. FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view schematically showing a spring length and a torque arm length when the shutter is fully closed in the shutter opening / closing mechanism shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B. FIG. 3 is a side view schematically showing a spring length and a torque arm length when the shutter opening angle is 30 ° in the shutter opening / closing mechanism shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B. FIG. 3 is a side view schematically showing a spring length and a torque arm length when the shutter opening angle is 60 ° in the shutter opening / closing mechanism shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B. The partial side view which shows the direction etc. of the dead weight in the shutter opening / closing mechanism shown to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B. The partial side view which shows the direction etc. of the own weight at the time of attaching to the wall explaining the generation | occurrence | production state of the torque in the shutter opening / closing mechanism shown to FIG. 2A and 2B. The correlation graph which shows the relationship between the shutter opening angle and torque in the shutter opening / closing mechanism shown to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B. FIG. 3 is a correlation graph showing a relationship between a shutter opening angle and a torque in the shutter opening / closing mechanism shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B. The perspective view which isolate | separated and typically shows each member explaining the ventilation fan which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention (in the case of wall mounting). The perspective view which isolate | separated and typically shows each member explaining the ventilation fan which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention (in the case of ceiling mounting).

Mode for carrying out the present invention

[Embodiment 1]
1A to 2B illustrate the shutter opening / closing mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 1A is a side view showing the case where the shutter is closed in a case corresponding to wall mounting, FIG. Fig. 2A is a side view showing the case where the shutter is opened, corresponding to wall mounting, Fig. 2A is a side view showing the case where the shutter is closed, corresponding to ceiling mounting, and Fig. 2B is a case showing the case corresponding to ceiling mounting. It is a side view which shows when a shutter opens. Each figure is a perspective view of a part of the member (the side wall of the frame), and is schematically shown. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment.

1A to 2B, the shutter opening / closing mechanism 100 includes a rectangular frame 10 (see FIG. 7 for the side walls 12, 14 and the frame 10) surrounded by the side walls 11, 12, 13, and 14. 10 have shutter plates 20a, 20b, and 20c that are rotatably installed on opposite side walls 12 and 14 (the shutter plate 20b and the shutter plate 20c are disposed below and above the shutter plate 20a, respectively). Have been).
The shutter plates 20a, 20b, and 20c have substantially rectangular shutter surfaces 21a, 21b, and 21c, and are closer to the side edges 22a, 22b, and 22c on one side (the upper side in FIG. 1) of the shutter surfaces 21a, 21b, and 21c. The shutter rotating shafts 41a, 41b, and 41c provided at the positions are rotatably installed on the frame body 10.
In addition, the shutter arms 40a, 40b, and 40c that are inclined with respect to the shutter surfaces 21a, 21b, and 21c (in parallel with or not on the same plane as the shutter surfaces 21a and the like) at positions closer to the one side edges 22a, 22b, and 22c. Is fixed, and the shutter arms 40a, 40b, 40c are connected to each other by the connecting plate 30 at connecting rotary shafts 43a, 43b, 43c provided on the shutter arms 40a, 40b, 40c.

Further, the shutter arm 40a is provided with a spring mounting portion 45a1 at a position (upper side) away from the shutter arm 40b with respect to an imaginary line connecting the shutter rotation shaft 41a and the connection rotation shaft 43a, and is connected to the shutter rotation shaft 41a. A spring mounting portion 45a2 is provided at a position (lower side) closer to the shutter arm 40b with respect to an imaginary line connecting the rotation shaft 43a, and a spring mounting portion 45b is provided on the shutter arm 40b.
And when corresponding to wall attachment, the spring 50 is attached ranging over the spring attachment part 45a1 and the spring attachment part 45b (refer FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B). On the other hand, when it corresponds to ceiling attachment, the spring 50 is attached ranging over the spring attachment part 45a2 and the spring attachment part 45b (refer FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B).
That is, the attachment position of one end of the spring 50 to the shutter arm 40a is different between the case corresponding to wall attachment and the case corresponding to ceiling attachment. At this time, since the spring 50 is attached in an extended or compressed state, the shutter arm 40a and the shutter arm 40b (to the shutter plate 20a and the shutter plate 20b) try to rotate in opposite directions. Torque is acting.

Here, the spring 50 is attached across the shutter arm 40a and the shutter arm 40b, but the present invention is not limited to this, and instead of the shutter arm 40b, the spring mounting portion 45c is attached to the shutter arm 40c. And the spring 50 may be attached across the shutter arm 40c and the shutter arm 40a.
Further, the present invention is not limited to the three shutter plates 20a, 20b, and 20c, and any number of shutter plates may be used as long as there are a plurality of shutter plates.
In the following description, when the common content is described for each member (part), description of the reference numerals “a, b, c” attached to the member (part) is omitted.
Then, a part of the shutter plate 20 may be bent to form the shutter arm 40 integrally with the shutter plate 20, so the shutter rotation shaft 41 is the rotation shaft of the shutter plate 20 or the shutter arm 40. Corresponds to the rotation axis. Further, the structure of the shutter rotation shaft 41 is not limited, and the shaft portion or the bearing portion may be provided on either the fixed side or the rotation side, respectively.

  In FIG. 1B and FIG. 2B, when the wind pressure which moves the other edge (lower side in the figure) side edge 23 of the shutter surface 21 in the upper right direction acts on the shutter surface 21, the shutter plate 20 and the shutter arm 40 are It rotates counterclockwise around the rotation shaft 41 as the center of rotation. Then, the torque arm length C1 (see FIGS. 3A to 3C) of the torque acting on the shutter arm 40a, the torque arm length C2 (see FIGS. 4A to 4C), and the torque arm length of the torque acting on the shutter arm 40b. Since the distance D1 (see FIGS. 3A to 3C) and the torque arm length D2 (see FIGS. 4A to 3C) vary, an “open / close assist torque” is generated as a difference between the two torques (this will be described in detail separately). To explain).

  FIGS. 3A to 4C are side views schematically showing the variation of the spring length and the torque arm length in the shutter opening / closing mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 3B shows a shutter opening angle of 30 ° corresponding to wall mounting, and FIG. 3C shows a shutter opening angle of 60 ° corresponding to wall mounting. 4A is when the shutter is fully closed when corresponding to ceiling mounting, FIG. 4B is when the shutter opening angle is 30 ° when corresponding to ceiling mounting, and FIG. 4C is the shutter opening angle 60 when corresponding to ceiling mounting. It is the time of °.

3A to 3C, when the spring 50 is locked to the spring mounting portion 45a1, the rotation line segment 46a1 is the length of the rotation line segment 46a1 with the line segment connecting the shutter rotation shaft 41a and the spring mounting portion 45a1 as the rotation line segment 46a1. When the radius is “A1”, the line segment connecting the shutter rotation shaft 41b and the spring mounting portion 45b is the rotation line segment 46b, and the rotation radius that is the length of the rotation line segment 46b is “B”, the rotation radius is Has a relationship of “A1> B”.
Further, a load angle that is an angle formed by the spring 50 (the load direction of the spring 50) with the rotation line segment 46a1 is “α1”, and a load angle that is an angle between the spring 50 (the load direction of the spring 50) and the rotation line segment 46b. Is set to “β1”, the spring angle is increased so that the load angle α1 increases at a right angle and β1 decreases toward 0 ° as the shutter plate 20 opens (the shutter opening angle “θ” increases). The attachment portions 45a1 and 45b are arranged.

As a result, the spring 50 pulls the shutter arms 40a and 40b with “spring load Q1”.
Then, the shutter arm 40a has a product “Q1 · C1 = Q1 · A1 · sinα1” of the “spring load Q1” and the torque arm length C1 calculated by “A1 · sinα1” in the direction of opening the shutter plate 20a. “Torque Ta1” acts. On the other hand, in the shutter arm 40b, the direction of closing the shutter plate 20b having the product “Q1 · D1 = Q1 · B · sinβ1” of the “spring load Q1” and the torque arm length D1 calculated by “B · sinβ1”. “Torque Tb1” is generated. At this time, since the shutter arm 40a and the shutter arm 40b are connected by the connecting plate 30, the shutter opening / closing mechanism 100 generates an opening / closing assisting torque that is a difference between two torques (Ta1-Tb1).

  Then, when the shutter plate 20 receives wind pressure and rotates in the opening direction, the spring mounting portion 45a1 and the spring mounting portion 45b rotate and move, and the torque arm length C1 in the shutter arm 40a becomes longer (C1> D1). The torque Ta1 acting on the shutter plate 20a in the direction of opening the shutter plate 20a increases, while the torque arm length D1 in the shutter arm 40b decreases. For this reason, the torque Tb1 that acts on the shutter plate 20b in the direction of closing the shutter plate 20b decreases, and therefore, in the shutter opening / closing mechanism 100, the opening / closing assist torque ((Ta1-Tb1)> 0) is larger in the shutter plate 20. It will increase as you open it.

4A to 4C, when the spring 50 is locked to the spring mounting portion 45a2, the rotation line segment 46a2 is the length of the rotation line segment 46a2 with the line segment connecting the shutter rotation shaft 41a and the spring mounting portion 45a2 as the rotation line segment 46a2. When the radius is “A2”, the line segment connecting the shutter rotation shaft 41b and the spring mounting portion 45b is the rotation line segment 46b, and the rotation radius that is the length of the rotation line segment 46b is “B”, the rotation radius is Has a relationship of “A2> B”.
Further, the load angle that is the angle formed by the spring 50 (the load direction of the spring 50) with the rotation line segment 46a2 is “α2”, and the load angle that is the angle that the spring 50 (the load direction of the spring 50) forms with the rotation line segment 46b. Is similarly “β2”, as the shutter plate 20 opens (the shutter opening angle “θ” increases), the load angle α2 starts from around 90 ° and increases toward 180 °, and β2 becomes 0 °. The spring mounting portions 45a2 and 45b are arranged so as to decrease toward the bottom.

As a result, the spring 50 pulls the shutter arms 40a and 40b with “spring load Q2”, respectively.
Then, the product “Q2 · C2 = Q2 · A2” of the torque arm length C2 calculated by “spring load Q2” and “A2 · sin α2” when the spring 50 is locked to 45a1 on the shutter arm 40a. “Torque Ta2” in the direction of opening the shutter plate 20a, which is “sin α2”, acts.
On the other hand, in the shutter arm 40b, the direction of closing the shutter plate 20b having the product “Q2 · D2 = Q2 · B · sinβ2” of the “spring load Q2” and the torque arm length D2 calculated by “B · sinβ2”. “Torque Tb2” is generated. At this time, since the shutter arm 40a and the shutter arm 40b are connected by the connecting plate 30, the shutter opening / closing mechanism 100 generates an opening / closing assisting torque that is a difference between two torques (Ta2-Tb2).

When the shutter plate 20 receives the wind pressure and rotates in the opening direction, the spring mounting portion 45a2 and the spring mounting portion 45b rotate and move, and the torque arm length C2 in the shutter arm 40a is shortened. The generated torque Ta2 acting in the direction of opening the shutter plate 20a decreases.
On the other hand, the torque arm length D2 in the shutter arm 40b is shortened. For this reason, the torque Tb2 acting on the shutter plate 20b in the direction of closing the shutter plate 20b decreases. At this time, since “A2> B”, in the shutter opening / closing mechanism 100, the opening / closing assist torque ((Ta2-Tb2)> 0) gradually decreases as the shutter plate 20 opens more greatly.

  6A and 6B, torque generated by the dead weight of the shutter plate 20 (shown by a broken line in the figure) and torque generated by wind pressure from the fan 215 (see FIG. 7) (shown by a thin solid line in the figure). ) Is represented by a correlation graph with the shutter opening angle θ, and it is confirmed that the shutter opening angle θ changes with the addition of the auxiliary torque, the shutter stops at the graph intersection where the closing direction torque and the opening direction torque are balanced. Is an angle.

6A, in the case of wall mounting, the torque characteristic (broken line) in the closing direction due to the dead weight of the shutter plate 20 is the function “m · g · L · sin (ψ + θ)” of the shutter opening angle θ as described above. In the range of “ψ> 0 °” and “0 ° <(ψ + θ) <90 °”, “θ = 0 °” is minimized, and increases as θ increases.
For this reason, when offset by the auxiliary torque (Ta1-Tb1) that increases as θ increases in the same manner, the torque in the closing direction after assistance (indicated by a thick solid line in the figure) is the shutter opening angle θ of the shutter plate 20. However, the shutter opening angle θ with which the torque is balanced increases.

In FIG. 6B, in the case of ceiling mounting, the torque characteristic in the closing direction due to the weight of the shutter plate (indicated by a broken line in the figure) is a function “m · g · L · cos (ψ + θ)” of the shutter opening angle θ. Therefore, in the range of “ψ> 0 °” and “0 ° <(ψ + θ) <90 °”. With “θ = 0 °” as the maximum, the value decreases as θ increases.
On the other hand, the auxiliary torque (Ta2-Tb2) has a characteristic of gradually decreasing with “θ = 0 °” being the maximum, and therefore the torque in the closing direction after the assistance (indicated by a thick solid line in the figure). Is improved in a state where the torque in the opening direction due to the wind pressure has been exceeded, and has a characteristic of decreasing with a gentler slope than the decrease in the torque in the opening direction due to the wind pressure, and the opening due to the wind pressure at an angle at which the shutter plate 20 is greatly opened. It becomes balanced with the direction torque.

  Thus, the shutter opening / closing mechanism 100 assists the opening / closing of the shutter plate 20 for both wall mounting and ceiling mounting that require different auxiliary torque by changing the locking position of the spring of the opening / closing mechanism. An effect can be obtained.

[Embodiment 2]
7A and 7B illustrate the ventilation fan according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 7A shows a case where the ventilation fan is used for wall mounting, and FIG. 7B shows a case where the ventilation fan is used for ceiling mounting. It is a perspective view which isolate | separates and shows each member typically. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part which is the same as that of Embodiment 1, or an equivalent part, and one part description is abbreviate | omitted.
7A and 7B, the ventilation fan 200 is installed in a through hole (not shown) formed in the wall or ceiling of the building, and the shutter opening / closing mechanism 100 described in the first embodiment and the shutter opening / closing. A motor fixing beam 211 fixed across the side walls 11 and 13 of the frame 10 of the mechanism 100, a motor 212 fixed to the motor fixing beam 211, and a spinner (fixing means) on the motor rotating shaft 213 of the motor 212. A fan 215 that is detachably fixed by 214, and is detachably installed on the frame body 10, and surrounds the fan 215 to form a wind tunnel (an air path that guides air blown from the fan 215 toward the shutter plate 20). And an attachable / detachable orifice 216.

A power line 221 for supplying electric power to the electric motor 212 is connected to the electric motor 212 via the wiring box 222.
Therefore, when the user energizes the power supply line 221 with a wall switch or the like (not shown) to start (turn on) the motor 212, the shutter plate 20 receives wind pressure from the fan 215. At this time, since the opening / closing assist torque acting in the direction of opening the shutter plate 20 described in the first embodiment is acting on the shutter plate 20, the shutter plate 20 is smoothly and reliably opened by the wind pressure and the opening / closing assist torque. It will be.
When the user stops (turns off) the electric motor 212 again with a wall switch or the like, the wind pressure acting on the shutter surface 21 is lost, so that the weight of the shutter plate 20 cannot be supported only by the opening / closing assist torque. Rotates in the closing direction. Further, after the shutter opening is reduced and the torque arm length becomes “C <D”, the opening / closing assisting torque in the closing direction acts on the shutter plate 20, so that the shutter is closed on the shutter plate 20. Even if a pressure difference occurs outside the room due to wind from the outside in the state, the closed state is surely maintained.

  At this time, the ventilation fan 200 is provided with the shutter opening / closing mechanism 100, so that the wall mounting and the ceiling mounting can be performed only by changing the mounting position of the spring 50 as described above, without requiring a dedicated part for that purpose. Can be switched.

   10 frame body, 11 side wall, 12 side wall, 13 side wall, 14 side wall, 20a shutter plate, 20b shutter plate, 20c shutter plate, 21a shutter surface, 21b shutter surface, 21c shutter surface, 22a one side edge, 22b one side Edge, 22c One side edge, 23a The other side edge, 23b The other side edge, 23c The other side edge, 30 Connecting plate, 40a Shutter arm, 40b Shutter arm, 40c Shutter arm, 41a Shutter rotation shaft, 41b Shutter rotation Shaft, 41c Shutter rotating shaft, 43a Linked rotating shaft, 43b Linked rotating shaft, 43c Linked rotating shaft, 45a1 Spring mounting portion, 45a2 Spring mounting portion, 45b Spring mounting portion, 46a1 Rotation line segment, 46a2 Rotation line segment, 46b Rotation line Minute, 50 Spring, 100 Shutter open / close mechanism , 200 Ventilation fan, 211 Motor fixed beam, 212 Motor, 213 Motor rotating shaft, 214 Spinner, 215 Fan, 216 Orifice, 221 Power supply line, 222 Wiring box.

Claims (3)

A rectangular frame;
A plurality of shutter plates pivotally supported by the frame body at a position near one side edge;
A connecting plate that connects the shutter plates so that the shutter plates can be opened and closed simultaneously;
A spring attached to connect any one of the shutter plates;
A plurality of spring plates provided on at least one of the pair of shutter plates, and a spring mounting portion to which one end of the spring can be mounted;
By selecting one of the plurality of spring mounting portions and attaching one end of the spring to the selected spring mounting portion, one of the pair of shutter plates by the spring is selected. A shutter opening / closing mechanism characterized in that a torque acting on the shutter plate and a torque acting on the other shutter plate of the pair of shutter plates by the spring differ in one or both of magnitude and direction . One shutter plate of the pair of shutter plates includes two spring mounting portions, a first spring mounting portion and a second spring mounting portion, and the other shutter plate of the pair of shutter plates is 1 A third spring mounting portion that is one spring mounting portion;
The distance from the pivotally supported position on the one shutter plate to the first spring attachment and the distance from the pivotally supported position to the second spring attachment are both on the other shutter plate. Longer than the distance from the pivotally supported position to the third spring mounting portion,
When the one shutter plate rotates, an angle formed by a virtual line connecting the first spring mounting position and the pivotally supported position with the load direction of the spring increases in a range of 0 ° to 90 °. The angle between the imaginary line connecting the second spring mounting position and the pivotally supported position and the load direction of the spring increases in the range of 90 ° to 180 °,
When the other shutter plate rotates, an angle formed by an imaginary line connecting the third spring mounting position and the pivotally supported position with the load direction of the spring decreases in the range of 0 ° to 90 °. The shutter opening / closing mechanism according to claim 1. The shutter opening / closing mechanism according to claim 1 or 2,
An electric motor installed in the frame;
A fan detachably installed on the rotating shaft of the electric motor;
An orifice that is detachably installed on the frame and guides the air blown from the fan toward the plurality of shutter plates;
Ventilation fan characterized by having.

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