JP5923716B2 - Meteorological observation apparatus with shadow band and meteorological observation method using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a weather observation apparatus, and more particularly to a weather observation apparatus having a shadow band and a weather observation method using the same.

  Conventionally, a meteorological observation apparatus for measuring various solar radiation amounts related to meteorological observation has been proposed. In such meteorological observation, the total solar radiation amount, direct solar radiation amount and scattered solar radiation amount are mainly measured. For example, in evaluating atmospheric turbidity and power generation efficiency of a solar panel, the total solar radiation amount and the scattered solar radiation amount are important evaluation items. A typical meteorological observation apparatus determines the direct solar radiation amount by measuring the total solar radiation amount and the scattered solar radiation amount and subtracting the scattered solar radiation amount from the total solar radiation amount. A weather observation apparatus equipped with a shadow band can obtain these amounts of solar radiation alone. In addition, since such a meteorological observation apparatus uses only one sensor, the individual variation among sensors is not easily affected by the measurement result.

  The following Patent Document 1 discloses a method for measuring meteorological quantities using a weather observation apparatus having a shadow band. In such a measurement method, after installing the weather observation device so that the axis is along the north-south direction, after measuring the first meteorological amount by placing a shadow band at a position where the sensor is exposed to the global solar radiation / illumination state, The shadow band is arranged at a position where the direct light from the sun to the sensor is shielded, the second meteorological amount is measured, and the position where the direct light from the sun to the sensor is shielded is used as a reference. The third and fourth meteorological quantities are measured by placing the shadow band at positions rotated by a predetermined angle in the direction.

JP 2008-3040 A

  A conventional weather observation apparatus having a shadow band calculates the theoretical position of the sun in consideration of the latitude and longitude of the place where it is installed, and calculates the position (rotation angle) of the corresponding shadow band. However, as a premise, if the axis of the meteorological observation device is not correctly aligned in the north-south direction, an error is included in the positional relationship between the sensor for measuring the amount of solar radiation and the shadow band, and the weather data is accurately obtained It cannot be measured.

  In practice, the positioning accuracy when the shadow band is rotationally controlled is not sufficient, and as a result, there is a problem that high-precision weather observation data cannot be obtained. In order to cope with this, the approach of improving the positioning accuracy of the shadow band by increasing the mechanical accuracy is faced with a problem that it is necessary to use more expensive parts and the cost of the weather observation apparatus is increased.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a weather observation apparatus that can obtain highly accurate weather data.

  More specifically, one object of the present invention is to determine the amount of deviation between the theoretical sun position relative to the solar radiation sensor and the shadow band position, and to correct the amount of solar radiation (scattering) at the shadow band position. It is to provide a meteorological observation apparatus capable of obtaining highly accurate meteorological data by measuring (amount of solar radiation).

  The present invention according to the first aspect includes a main sensor for measuring the amount of solar radiation, a plurality of sub-sensors arranged in the vicinity of the main sensor for measuring the amount of solar radiation, a rotation mechanism, and the rotation mechanism. A shadow band coupled to a shaft, extending in the direction of the shaft and configured to rotate about the shaft via the tops of the main sensor and the plurality of sub-sensors; and a rotation angle of the shaft A control circuit for controlling the driving of the rotating mechanism, and a calculation device for calculating predetermined weather data based on the data on the amount of solar radiation measured by the main sensor and the data on the rotation angle of the shaft And a meteorological observation device. The arithmetic device calculates a correction value based on data on the amount of solar radiation measured by each of the first sub sensor and the second sub sensor of the plurality of sub sensors and data on the rotation angle. The rotation angle of the shaft is corrected based on the correction value.

  Further, the arithmetic device calculates the correction value based on a change in data regarding the amount of solar radiation measured by each of the first sub sensor and the second sub sensor with respect to a change in data regarding the rotation angle.

  Further, the arithmetic device calculates at least two peak values in the change in the data regarding the solar radiation amount for each of the first sub sensor and the second sub sensor, and based on the at least two peak values, The correction value is calculated.

  In addition, the arithmetic unit is configured to detect the first intermediate value of the rotation angle and the second sub sensor corresponding to positive and negative peak values in a change in data regarding the amount of solar radiation for the first sub sensor, respectively. Calculating a second intermediate value of the rotation angle corresponding to each of positive and negative peak values in a change in the data relating to the amount of solar radiation, and calculating an intermediate value calculated from the first intermediate value and the second intermediate value; The deviation amount is calculated based on the value.

  The first sub sensor and the second sub sensor may be respectively disposed along the direction of the axis with the main sensor as a point-symmetrical center, or the first sub sensor and the second sub sensor. May be arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axis with the main sensor as a center of point symmetry.

  Further, the main sensor and the plurality of sub sensors may be disposed at a predetermined height from a reference plane, or the main sensor may be positioned at a first height from the reference plane. The plurality of sensors may be arranged so as to be positioned at a second height from a reference plane.

  The present invention according to the second aspect is a data processing method in a meteorological observation apparatus provided with a shadow band that extends in the axial direction of a rotating mechanism and rotates around the axis. In this method, the step of rotating the shadow band so as to pass through the tops of a main sensor for measuring the amount of solar radiation and a plurality of sub-sensors for measuring the amount of light disposed in the vicinity of the main sensor. A step of measuring a light amount by each of the plurality of sub-sensors in accordance with the rotation angle of the shaft, and a step of calculating a correction value based on the data regarding the measured light amount and the data regarding the rotation angle of the shaft And correcting the rotation angle of the shadow band for measuring the amount of scattered solar radiation by the main sensor based on the calculated correction value.

  According to the present invention, since the positional error amount between the sensor for measuring the solar radiation amount and the shadow band is obtained, the solar radiation amount (scattered solar radiation amount) is measured at the position of the shadow band in which the error amount is corrected. Therefore, highly accurate weather data can be obtained. In particular, even when the mechanical error of the mechanism for rotating the shadow band or the axis is shifted with respect to the north-south direction, the shadow band is corrected to the correct position, so highly accurate weather data can be obtained.

  Other technical features and operational effects or advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It is a perspective view showing roughly an example of the appearance of the weather observation device concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view which shows roughly an example of the external appearance of the weather observation apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows an example of a functional structure of the weather observation apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows an example of operation | movement of the weather observation apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the pre-processing for correction value calculation in the weather observation apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the correction value calculation process in the weather observation apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the weather data observation process in the weather observation apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows an example of the measurement data measured by the weather observation device concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph which shows the inclination for every rotation angle in the graph shown in FIG. 10 is a graph in which the graphs shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 are superimposed.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiments described below are merely examples, and are not intended to exclude various modifications and technical applications that are not explicitly shown. That is, the present invention can be implemented with various modifications (for example, by combining the embodiments) without departing from the spirit of the present invention. In the following description of the drawings, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. The drawings are schematic and do not necessarily match actual dimensions and ratios. In some cases, the dimensional relationships and ratios may be different between the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of the appearance of a weather observation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing an example of the appearance of a weather observation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the meteorological observation device 10 includes a housing 11, a sensor unit 13 provided on an arm 12 extending from the front end of the housing 11, and the arm 12 from the front end. And a shadow band 15 attached to a shaft 14 extending in the direction. Although not shown, the shaft 14 is connected to the shaft of the rotation mechanism 32 provided in the housing 11. The rotation mechanism 32 typically includes a motor 321 and is driven and controlled by the drive circuit 33 under the control of the arithmetic processing unit 34 (see FIG. 3).

  The sensor unit 13 includes at least one sensor related to weather observation. The sensor unit 13 of this example includes at least one main sensor 131 and at least two sub sensors 132A and 132B. In the present specification, the main sensor 131 and the sub sensors 132A and 132B may be collectively referred to as “a plurality of sensors 130”. The main sensor 131 is, for example, a heat sensor using a thermoelectric element (thermopile), converts the amount of heat generated by solar radiation into an electrical signal, and outputs this as measurement data. On the other hand, the sub sensors 132A and 132B are optical sensors using, for example, silicon photodiodes, which convert the light amount into an electrical signal and output this as measurement data. The main sensor 131 may be an optical sensor or a spectroradiometer instead of the thermal sensor, and the sub sensors 132A and 132B may be thermal sensors instead of the optical sensor. The plurality of sensors 130 are not limited to these as long as they can be used for measuring the amount of solar radiation and the spectrum.

  The main sensor 131 is provided so as to generally face the zenith when the weather observation apparatus 10 is installed at a desired location. The main sensor 131 is typically provided on the arm 12 so that the housing 11 does not enter the sensor field of view, and is typically positioned at a predetermined height from the reference surface with the bottom surface of the weather observation apparatus 10 as a reference surface. . In addition, in order to measure the solar radiation amount by the sun located near a horizon, the other main sensor 131 which faces in a horizontal direction may be provided.

  The sub sensors 132A and 132B are provided on the arm 12 so as to align with the extending direction of the shaft 14, for example. In this example, the sub-sensors 132A and 132B are arranged in alignment on the axis of the shaft 14 with the main sensor 131 as the center of point symmetry. Therefore, the meteorological observation apparatus 10 is installed so that the extending direction of the arm 12 (and the shaft 14) coincides with the north and south. Therefore, when the weather observation apparatus 10 is installed in this way, the main sensor 131 and the sub sensors 132A and 132B are arranged in a line in the north-south direction. As another example, the sub sensors 132A and 132B may be provided in alignment in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction with the main sensor 131 as a center of point symmetry.

  The main sensor 131 and the sub sensors 132A and 132B are provided, for example, so as to be located on the same horizontal plane. That is, the main sensor 131 and the sub sensors 132A and 132B are provided so as to be located at the same height from the reference plane. Alternatively, the main sensor 131 is provided so as to be positioned at the first height from the reference plane, and the sub sensors 132A and 132B are set at a second height different from the first height (for example, the first height). Lower or higher).

  In this example, the sensor unit 13 is configured as an integrated device including the main sensor 131 and the sub sensors 132A and 132B. However, the sensor unit 13 is not limited to this, and may be configured as separate sensors.

  The shadow band 15 is a shielding member for the plurality of sensors 130 and is attached to the shaft 14. As is clear from the figure, the shadow band 15 is formed in a circular arc shape with a predetermined width, and is configured to rotate via the tops of the plurality of sensors 130 as the shaft 14 rotates. In other words, the locus drawn by the shadow band 15 forms a virtual substantially hemispherical surface centered on the main sensor 131. The width of the shadow band 15 is generally determined by the size of the effective sensitivity region of the plurality of sensors 130.

  Although not shown, the meteorological observation apparatus 10 has various mechanical and electrical components for processing the measurement data output from the plurality of sensors 130 by rotating the shadow band 15 in the housing 11. Consists of components.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of functional components of the weather observation apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

  As described above, the main sensor 131 is a thermal sensor that measures the amount of solar radiation, and outputs an electrical signal corresponding to the measured amount of solar radiation. On the other hand, the sub-sensors 132A and 132B are optical sensors that measure the amount of light, and output an electrical signal corresponding to the measured amount of light. These electric signals are input to the A / D converter 31 as measurement data.

  The A / D converter 31 converts analog measurement data sent from the sensor 130 into digital measurement data. The measurement data is composed of, for example, a 16-bit data set. The measurement data converted to digital by the A / D converter 31 is input to the arithmetic processing unit 34.

  The rotation mechanism 32 includes a motor 321 for rotating the shadow band 15. In this example, the motor 321 is a stepping motor with a speed reducer, but is not limited thereto. The shaft of the motor 321 is connected to the shaft 14. The rotation mechanism 32 can also include an encoder 322. The encoder 322 detects the amount of change in the rotation angle of the shaft 14 in a non-contact manner, and outputs this to the arithmetic processing unit 34. For example, the encoder 322 has a resolution of a rotation angle of 0.4 degrees.

  The drive circuit 33 is a circuit for controlling the drive of the motor 321, and outputs, for example, a pulsed drive signal to the motor 321 under the control of the arithmetic processing unit 34. For example, the drive circuit 33 moves the shadow band 15 to an arbitrary angle in a range from the east side horizontal plane or less (for example, −100 degrees from the zenith) to the west side horizontal plane (for example, +100 degrees from the zenith).

  The arithmetic processing unit 34 is a circuit configured to comprehensively control the operation of the weather observation apparatus 10 to cause the weather observation apparatus 10 to measure and calculate desired weather data. The arithmetic processing unit 34 typically includes a processor 341, a program memory 342, and a data memory 343, which are connected to each other via an internal bus 344. Although not shown in the figure, the arithmetic processing unit 34 includes a cache memory and a main memory provided for use by the processor 341. These may be configured as part of the processor 341.

  Specifically, the arithmetic processing unit 34 controls the drive circuit 33 and rotates the shadow band 15 by causing the processor 341 to execute a control program (not shown) stored in the program memory 342. Measurement data sent from each of the sensors 130 is received via the A / D converter 31. The control program calculates a correction value, a sequence for performing a measurement operation using the sub-sensors 132A and 132B (a pre-processing sequence for calculating the correction value), and a main sensor for measuring weather data. And a sequence for performing a measurement operation using 131 (meteorological data measurement processing sequence). The weather data is, for example, global solar radiation data and scattered solar radiation data. The program memory 342 also stores sun position information. The solar position information is information (for example, azimuth and elevation angle) indicating the theoretical position of the sun corresponding to the location (latitude / longitude) where the weather observation apparatus 10 is installed and the measurement date and time. The solar position information may be obtained by a control program based on latitude, longitude, and time. The control program controls the position (rotation angle) of the shadow band 15 using the sun position information. The arithmetic processing unit 34 stores the received measurement data in a data memory under the control of the processor 341 and performs necessary processing.

  The program memory 342 and the data memory 343 are composed of, for example, a rewritable nonvolatile memory such as a flash memory, but are not limited thereto. In this example, the program memory 342 and the data memory 343 are represented as separate memories, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be configured integrally.

  In addition, the weather observation apparatus 10 may include an external interface 345 for communicating with an external computer device. The external interface 345 includes, for example, a circuit conforming to a wired / wireless LAN standard, and is configured to be able to communicate with an external device using a predetermined protocol. Thus, for example, the user can remotely access the weather observation apparatus 10 from a Web browser on a personal computer and perform operations for performing various settings. The external interface 345 may include a slot that allows access to an external recording medium such as a card memory.

  In this example, the arithmetic processing device 34 is described as being provided inside the housing 11 of the weather observation device 10, but is not limited thereto. As another example, the arithmetic processing device 34 may be configured independently of the weather observation device 10, and may be realized by, for example, a personal computer connected via the external interface 345.

  Moreover, although not shown in figure, the weather observation apparatus 10 is comprised including a timepiece mechanism. The clock mechanism may be incorporated as part of the function of the arithmetic processing unit 34, for example. The arithmetic processing unit 34 uses the date / time information obtained by the clock mechanism to measure meteorological data.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the weather observation apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. Such an operation of the weather observation apparatus 10 is realized, for example, when the processor 341 of the arithmetic processing unit 34 executes a control program stored in the program memory 342.

  That is, as shown in the figure, the weather observation apparatus 10 monitors whether or not a predetermined measurement time has been reached during operation (STEP 401). As an example, the measurement time is set to 0 minutes per hour between sunrise and sunset. Alternatively, the measurement time is set every 10 minutes, every 15 minutes, every 30 minutes, or more. If the weather observation apparatus 10 determines that the predetermined measurement time has come (YES in STEP 401), it performs preprocessing for calculating a correction value (STEP 402). Details of the preprocessing for calculating the correction value will be described with reference to FIGS. After the preprocessing for calculating the correction value, the weather observation apparatus 10 performs processing for measuring weather data (STEP 403). The meteorological data measurement process includes measurement of global solar radiation and measurement of scattered solar radiation. Details of the meteorological data measurement process will be described with reference to FIG. The weather observation apparatus 10 waits until the next measurement time after the meteorological data measurement process at the measurement time.

  In the above example, the pre-process for calculating the correction value is configured to be executed before the weather data measurement process, but this is not particular. For example, when the measurement time interval is relatively short, the pre-processing for calculating the correction value may be executed at a rate of once before several weather data observation processes (for example, When the weather data measurement process is set every 10 minutes, a pre-process for calculating a correction value is executed every hour.) According to such a configuration, since the number of times of preprocessing for calculating the correction value is omitted, it is possible to shorten the time until the meteorological data measurement process, which is a true measurement process, is completed.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an example of preprocessing for calculating a correction value in the weather observation apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in the figure, the weather observation apparatus 10 first rotates the shadow band 15 and moves it to a predetermined start position (STEP 501). The start position is, for example, the position of one end of the rotation range limit of the shadow band 15 (that is, −100 degrees). Next, the weather observation apparatus 10 samples the measurement data output from the sub-sensors 132A and 132B while rotating the shadow band 15 (STEP 502), and associates the sampled measurement data with the rotation angle of the shadow band 15. The data is recorded in the data memory 343 (STEP 503).

  That is, the meteorological observation device 10 stops the shadow band 15 at a position of a predetermined rotation angle, collects measurement data output from the sub sensors 132A and 132B, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, the shadow band 15 is moved to the next position. 15 is rotated stepwise (for example, 0.4 degrees), stopped, and similarly, the process of collecting measurement data is repeated. Measurement data collected within a predetermined time indicates the magnitude of the amount of solar radiation (light quantity) for each rotation angle. The rotational speed of the shadow band 15 may be a speed that allows the output operations of the sub sensors 132A and 132B to follow. Therefore, generally, when an optical sensor having a high response speed is used for the sub-sensors 132A and 132B, the shadow band 15 can be continuously rotated at a relatively high rotational speed.

  Thus, the meteorological observation apparatus 10 samples and records the measurement data until the shadow band 15 reaches the end position (the position at the other end of the rotation range limit (ie, +100 degrees)) (No in STEP 504). When the meteorological observation device 10 finishes collecting measurement data by sweeping the shadow band 15 (STEP 504: Yes), the meteorological observation device 10 calculates a correction value based on the measurement data (associated with the rotation angle) (STEP 505).

  In this example, the start position and the end position of the shadow band 15 are both end positions of the rotation range limit. However, the present invention is not limited to this. As another example, the meteorological observation device 10 may sample and record measurement data within a range of, for example, 20 degrees in the east-west direction around the position of the sun at the measurement time based on the solar position information. As a result, it is not necessary to move the shadow band 15 to a position that greatly deviates from the position of the sun and does not substantially affect the calculation of the correction value, the measurement data collection time can be shortened, Correction time calculation time can be shortened.

  FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of correction value calculation processing in the weather observation apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, the weather observation apparatus 10 first calculates the inclination for each rotation angle for each of the sub sensors 132A and 132B based on the measurement data recorded in the data memory 343 (STEP 601). In this example, since the rotation angle is incremented by an equal angle in steps, the following simple formula can be used for the inclination. That is, the measurement data at each of the rotation angles A (x-2), A (x-1), A (x), A (x + 1), and A (x + 2) are a (x-2), a When (x-1), a (x), a (x + 1), and a (x + 2), the slope D (x) at the rotation angle A (x) is
Inclination D (x) =-{(a (x-2) + a (x-1))-(a (x + 1) + a (x + 2))}
Is defined as

  Next, the meteorological observation device 10 identifies positive and negative peak values (maximum value and minimum value) based on the calculated slope D (x) (STEP 602). Here, it should be noted that the maximum value and the minimum value are positive and negative peak values specified for the sub sensors 132A and 132B, respectively.

  Subsequently, the meteorological observation device 10 determines whether or not the specified maximum value and minimum value appear by measurement using the shadow band 15. That is, even when an unexpected shielding object (for example, a person, a bird, or a cloud) blocks the upper side of the sub-sensors 132A and 132B, the measurement data includes an inclination, and unintended maximum and minimum values are specified. This is because there is a possibility. In this example, the determination is made based on the following two conditions.

  First, the meteorological observation apparatus 10 determines whether or not the measurement data used for specifying the maximum value and the minimum value exceeds a predetermined threshold (STEP 603). In this example, the meteorological observation device 10 compares the individual measurement data with a predetermined threshold value, and when the number of individual measurement data exceeding the predetermined threshold value is equal to or greater than the predetermined number, It is determined that a predetermined threshold is exceeded. Secondly, the weather observation apparatus 10 determines whether or not the specified maximum value and minimum value are within a predetermined range from the theoretical position of the sun (STEP 604). If the meteorological observation device 10 determines in either STEP 603 or 604 that the condition is not satisfied, for example, the meteorological observation device 10 performs error processing such as resetting the collected measurement data (STEP 607).

  In this example, after specifying the maximum value and the minimum value, it is determined whether or not they are intended. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when the measurement data is obtained, it may be configured to determine whether or not the correct measurement data is collected based on the characteristics of the measurement data (for example, the amount of decrease in light amount and the reduction period). good.

  When the meteorological observation device 10 determines that the above condition is satisfied (STEP 604: Yes), the meteorological observation device 10 calculates a difference value between the rotation angles indicating the maximum value and the minimum value, and further, based on the difference value. An intermediate value (individual intermediate value) is calculated (STEP 605). For example, if the rotation angle indicating the maximum value is 1.4 degrees and the rotation angle indicating the minimum value is 12.2 degrees for a certain sub-sensor 132, the individual intermediate value is 5.4 degrees. When the individual intermediate value is calculated for each of the sub sensors 132A and 132B, the meteorological observation device 10 calculates a further intermediate value (common intermediate value) between these individual intermediate values (STEP 606). For example, if the individual intermediate value for the sub sensor 132A is 5.4 degrees and the individual intermediate value for the sub sensor 132B is 5.1 degrees, the common intermediate value is 5.25 degrees. The common intermediate value is used as a correction value to correct the position of the shadow band 15 in the weather data measurement process. The weather observation data 10 stores the calculated correction value in a predetermined area of the data memory 343.

  The correction value calculation process described above is based on the following concept. That is, the peak value of the inclination based on the measurement data obtained by the sub sensor 132A indicates the steepest change point, and this can be said to be the shadow edge of the shadow band 15. Accordingly, the positive and negative peak values indicate the edge entering the shadow and the edge exiting from the shadow, respectively, and the center position of these peak values can be considered as the center position of the shadow with respect to the sub sensor 132A. Similarly, the center position of the positive and negative peak values for the sub sensor 132B is the shadow center position for the sub sensor 132A. Since the main sensor 131 is arranged at the center of the sub-sensors 132A and 132B, the center position of the shadows of the sub-sensors 132A and 132B is a shadow that makes an accurate shadow with respect to the main sensor 131. It can be regarded as the position of the band 15.

  FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of weather data observation processing in the weather observation apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

  That is, as shown in the figure, the weather observation apparatus 10 first moves the shadow band 15 to a position where the main sensor 131 is in the state of global solar radiation (STEP 701). That is, the weather observation apparatus 10 moves the shadow band 15 to, for example, one end of the rotation range limit so that the main sensor 131 is not affected by the shadow of the shadow band 15. In this state, the meteorological observation apparatus 10 collects measurement data (that is, global solar radiation data) output from the main sensor 131 for a predetermined time and records it in the data memory 134 (STEP 702).

  Next, the weather observation apparatus 10 calculates the rotation angle of the shadow band 15 corresponding to the theoretical position of the sun based on the solar position information (STEP 703). The theoretical position of the sun is the position of the sun as seen from the main sensor 131 calculated based on the latitude / longitude of the place where the weather observation apparatus 10 is installed and the measurement date / time. Identified. Subsequently, the meteorological observation device 10 replaces the rotation angle corresponding to the theoretical position with the rotation angle indicated by the correction value, and moves the shadow band 15 to the position of the rotation angle indicated by the correction value (STEP 704). ). As a result, sunlight is blocked by the shadow band 15 and a shadow is formed on the main sensor 131. The weather observation apparatus 10 collects and records measurement data (scattered solar radiation amount data) output from the main sensor 131 (STEP 705).

  Although not shown, the weather observation apparatus 10 can calculate the direct solar radiation amount based on the obtained global solar radiation amount data and the scattered solar radiation amount data. As another example, the weather observation apparatus 10 may output the obtained global solar radiation amount data and scattered solar radiation amount data to an external computer, and the external computer may calculate the direct solar radiation amount.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the meteorological observation device 10 samples the measurement data output from the sub-sensors 132A and 132B while sweeping the shadow band 15 from the start position to the end position, and uses the sampled measurement data. The data is recorded in the data memory 343 in association with the rotation angle of the shadow band 15. FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the measurement data and the rotation angle collected at a certain measurement location and measurement time. In this example, the shadow band 15 has a rotation range of −100 degrees to +100 degrees, a rotation angle of 0.4, and 501 measurement data. In the figure, the vertical axis indicates the amount of light measured by the sub sensor 132, and the horizontal axis indicates the rotation angle of the shadow band 15. In the figure, there is shown a feature in which the light amounts of the two sub sensors 132A and 132B are greatly decreased and changed around a rotation angle of about +0 to 20 degrees.

  The weather observation apparatus 10 calculates the inclination for each rotation angle for each of the sub sensors 132A and 132B based on the measurement data having the characteristics shown in FIG. 8 recorded in the data memory 343 (STEP 601). As described above, Equation 1 is used here. FIG. 9 shows the inclination for each rotation angle in the graph shown in FIG. In the figure, positive and negative peak values are shown for each of the sub sensors 132A and 132B. That is, the positive and negative peak values indicate a sharp change point of the slope and correspond to the shadow edge of the shadow band 15. Accordingly, the positive and negative peak values indicate the edge entering the shadow and the edge exiting from the shadow, respectively.

  FIG. 10 is a graph obtained by enlarging the graphs shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 described above into one. The weather observation apparatus 10 calculates the rotation angle difference values d1 and d2 corresponding to the specified positive and negative peak values for each of the sub sensors 132A and 132B, and calculates intermediate values (individual intermediate values) i1 and i2 thereof. To do. Then, the weather observation apparatus 10 calculates an intermediate value (common intermediate value) C between the individual intermediate values i1 and i2. This common intermediate value C is used as a correction value to correct the position of the shadow band 15 in the weather data measurement process. That is, the center position of the positive / negative peak value can be considered as the shadow center position with respect to the sub sensor 132. Since the main sensor 131 is arranged at the center of the sub-sensors 132A and 132B, the center position of the shadows of the sub-sensors 132A and 132B is the shadow band 15 that creates an accurate shadow with respect to the main sensor 131. Can be regarded as the position of

  The present invention can be widely applied to a weather observation apparatus having a shadow band and a weather observation method using the same for measuring the amount of solar radiation.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Weather observation apparatus 11 ... Housing 12 ... Arm 13 ... Sensor unit 131 ... Main sensor 132 ... Sub sensor 14 ... Shaft 15 ... Shadow band 31 ... A / D converter 32 ... Rotating mechanism 321 ... Motor 322 ... Encoder 33 ... Drive circuit 34 ... arithmetic processing circuit 341 ... processor 342 ... program memory 343 ... data memory 344 ... bus 345 ... external interface

Claims (9)

A main sensor for measuring solar radiation,
A plurality of sub-sensors arranged in the vicinity of the main sensor for measuring the amount of solar radiation;
A rotation mechanism;
A shadow band coupled to an axis of the rotation mechanism, extending in the direction of the axis, and configured to rotate about the axis via the tops of the main sensor and the plurality of sub sensors;
A control circuit for controlling the driving of the rotation mechanism in order to control the rotation angle of the shaft;
An arithmetic unit that calculates predetermined weather data based on data on the amount of solar radiation measured by the main sensor and data on the rotation angle of the shaft,
The arithmetic unit is:
A correction value is calculated based on data on the amount of solar radiation measured by each of the first sub sensor and the second sub sensor of the plurality of sub sensors and data on the rotation angle,
Correcting the rotation angle of the shaft based on the calculated correction value;
Meteorological observation equipment. The arithmetic unit is:
The weather according to claim 1, wherein the correction value is calculated based on a change in data regarding the amount of solar radiation measured by each of the first sub sensor and the second sub sensor with respect to a change in data regarding the rotation angle. Observation device. The arithmetic unit is:
For each of the first sub sensor and the second sub sensor, calculate at least two peak values in a change in data relating to the amount of solar radiation, and calculate the correction value based on the at least two peak values. The meteorological observation apparatus according to claim 2. The arithmetic unit is:
The first intermediate value of the rotation angle corresponding to each of positive and negative peak values in the change in data relating to the solar radiation amount for the first sub sensor and the change in data relating to the solar radiation amount for the second sub sensor. Calculating a second intermediate value of the rotation angle corresponding to each of the positive and negative peak values at, and based on the first intermediate value and the intermediate value calculated from the second intermediate value, the deviation The meteorological observation device according to claim 3 which computes quantity.   2. The meteorological observation device according to claim 1, wherein the first sub sensor and the second sub sensor are respectively disposed along the direction of the axis with the main sensor as a center of point symmetry.   The meteorological observation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first sub sensor and the second sub sensor are respectively arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axis with the main sensor as a point-symmetrical center.   The meteorological observation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the main sensor and the plurality of sub sensors are arranged to be positioned at a predetermined height from a reference plane.   The said main sensor is arrange | positioned so that it may be located in 1st height from a reference plane, and these sensors are arrange | positioned so that it may be located in 2nd height from a reference plane. Meteorological observation equipment. A data processing method in a weather observation apparatus provided with a shadow band that extends in the axial direction of a rotating mechanism and rotates around the axis,
Rotating the shadow band so as to pass through the top of a main sensor for measuring the amount of solar radiation and a plurality of sub-sensors for measuring the amount of light disposed in the vicinity of the main sensor;
Measuring the amount of light by each of the plurality of sub-sensors in accordance with the rotation angle of the shaft;
Calculating a correction value based on the data on the measured light quantity and the data on the rotation angle of the shaft;
Correcting the rotation angle of the shadow band for measuring the amount of scattered solar radiation by the main sensor, based on the calculated correction value;
Including a data processing method.