JP5952293B2 - 硫黄耐性アルミナ触媒担体 - Google Patents
硫黄耐性アルミナ触媒担体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5952293B2 JP5952293B2 JP2013539816A JP2013539816A JP5952293B2 JP 5952293 B2 JP5952293 B2 JP 5952293B2 JP 2013539816 A JP2013539816 A JP 2013539816A JP 2013539816 A JP2013539816 A JP 2013539816A JP 5952293 B2 JP5952293 B2 JP 5952293B2
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- silica
- alumina
- aluminum hydrate
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 105
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 76
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 75
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 title claims description 75
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title description 45
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 234
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 116
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- KVLCHQHEQROXGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(1+) Chemical compound [Al+] KVLCHQHEQROXGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940007076 aluminum cation Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 45
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 33
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- -1 Platinum group metals Chemical class 0.000 description 27
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 27
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 11
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.[Al] Chemical compound O.O.O.[Al] MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitrate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000019635 sulfation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005670 sulfation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- AQBOUNVXZQRXNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L azane;dichloropalladium Chemical compound N.N.N.N.Cl[Pd]Cl AQBOUNVXZQRXNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-D Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P ceric ammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[Ce+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 2
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZDYWEUILIUIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-J cerium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Ce+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O VZDYWEUILIUIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000355 cerium(IV) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxozirconium;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.[Zr]=O CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AIFLGMNWQFPTAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 2-hydroxypropanoate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O AIFLGMNWQFPTAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- LYPJRFIBDHNQLY-UHFFFAOYSA-J 2-hydroxypropanoate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O LYPJRFIBDHNQLY-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- DUFCMRCMPHIFTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(dimethylsulfamoyl)-2-methylfuran-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CN(C)S(=O)(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C)O1 DUFCMRCMPHIFTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018512 Al—OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WRAGBEWQGHCDDU-UHFFFAOYSA-M C([O-])([O-])=O.[NH4+].[Zr+] Chemical compound C([O-])([O-])=O.[NH4+].[Zr+] WRAGBEWQGHCDDU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010027439 Metal poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- INNSZZHSFSFSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O INNSZZHSFSFSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- RIVXQHNOKLXDBP-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound [Al+3].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O RIVXQHNOKLXDBP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NOWPEMKUZKNSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;platinum(2+) Chemical compound N.N.N.N.[Pt+2] NOWPEMKUZKNSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001680 bayerite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFVGXQSSXWIWIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro hypochlorite;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].ClOCl XFVGXQSSXWIWIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001679 gibbsite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxygen(2-);titanium(4+);sulfate Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036619 pore blockages Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005624 silicic acid group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940059867 sulfur containing product ectoparasiticides Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000348 titanium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluralin Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
1又は複数の水溶性アルミニウム塩から水性媒体中でアルミニウム水和物を形成すること(前記塩はそれぞれ、アルミニウムカチオン又はアルミニウムアニオン及び逆帯電した対イオンを含む)、
該水性媒体中かつ該1又は複数のアルミニウム塩の対イオンの存在下において、該アルミニウム水和物をシリカ前駆体に接触させること、
シリカ前駆体に接触したアルミニウム水和物粒子を該水性媒体から単離すること、及び
該シリカ前駆体に接触したアルミニウム水和物粒子を焼成し、該硫黄耐性アルミナの粒子を形成すること、
を含む、硫黄耐性アルミナの製造方法を対象としている。
本発明は、内燃エンジンなどの排出生成物ストリーム中に通常みられる硫黄の存在に対する耐性が向上した排気触媒を形成するのに有用な貴金属触媒を形成するためのアルミナ担体の改良された製造方法を対象とし、それによって、結果として得られる触媒の貴金属の被毒を、従来方式で形成された担体を利用する触媒を有するものよりも、より低くすることができる。
複合酸化物100pbwあたり、80pbwのAl2O3及び20pbwのSiO2を含む、例1の複合酸化物は、硫酸アルミニウム、アルミン酸ナトリウム、及びケイ酸ナトリウムを用いて次の通り作成した。溶液Aは、酸化アルミニウムAl2O3として表したときに8.31wt%の濃度の硫酸アルミニウムの水溶液であった。溶液Bは、酸化アルミニウムAl2O3として表したときに24.86wt%の濃度のアルミン酸ナトリウムの水溶液であった。溶液Cは、酸化ケイ素SiO2として表したときに29.21wt%の濃度のケイ酸ナトリウムの水溶液であった。1リットル反応器を424gの脱イオン水で満たした。反応器の内容物を65℃で加熱した、そして具体的に以下に記述する場合を除いては、この温度を実験全体で維持した。6.02gの溶液Aを、撹拌下で5分間にわたり、反応器に導入した。反応器の内容物を次に、さらに溶液Aを添加することなく、5分間撹拌した。溶液A及びBを次に、反応器の内容物を撹拌しながら、反応器に同時に供給した。この同時の供給の初めの5分間にわたり、溶液A及びBのそれぞれの流速を、この5分間の間でスラリーのpHが3から7.3に上がるように調節した。次に溶液Bの流速を、pHが7.3に安定化されるまで減らした。pHが7.3に安定化された状態で、溶液A及びBを、30分間にわたり連続して添加する。pH7.3でのこれらの30分間の後、溶液Aの供給を停止し、反応器の内容物のpHを溶液Bの継続供給とともに増加させた。溶液Aの供給を中断して10分後に、溶液Bの供給を停止した。この時点で、反応器の内容物はpH9を示し、全量で143gの溶液Aと、全量で113gの溶液Bが反応器に供給された。次に反応器の内容物を95℃に加熱した。次に34.2gの溶液Cを、反応器の内容物を連続撹拌しながら反応器に供給した。次に反応器の内容物を65℃に冷却し、ろ過し、60℃の脱イオン水で洗浄してウェットフィルターケークを形成した。洗浄水の容積は、反応器中の水性媒体の容積と等しかった。1リットルの水あたり120gの重炭酸アンモニウムを溶解して溶液を調製し、溶液を60℃に加熱する。ウェットフィルターケークを、反応器中の水性媒体の容積に相当する容積の重炭酸アンモニウム溶液で洗浄し、次に同じ容積の60℃の脱イオン水で洗浄した。結果として得られるウェットフィルターケークを次に、脱イオン水中に分散し、約10wt%の固体を含有するスラリーを得た。次にこのスラリーをスプレードライし、乾燥粉末を得た。次にこのスプレードライされた粉末を異なる温度で焼成した。比表面積(「SA」)(平方メートル毎グラム(「m2/g」)で表される)、細孔容積(立方センチメートル毎グラム(「cm3/g」)で表される)及び平均細孔直径(ナノメートル(「nm」)で表される)を測定した、そして最初の焼成温度(セ氏温度(「℃」)で表される)及び時間(時間(「h」)で表される)に応じて、下記表1に報告されている。
例3
複合酸化物100pbwあたり、65pbwのAl2O3、20pbwのSiO2及び15pbwのZrO2を含む例3の複合酸化物を、硝酸ジルコニウム(濃度21.3%、密度1.306)を硫酸アルミニウム溶液と沈殿の前に混合したことを除いて、例2の通りに作成した。該スプレードライされた粉末は、459m2/gの表面積を示した。該スプレードライされた粉末を900℃で2時間及び1050℃で2時間焼成した。表面積、細孔容積の結果を下記表7に報告している。比表面積(「SA」)(平方メートル毎グラム(「m2/g」)で表される)、細孔容積(立方センチメートル毎グラム(「cm3/g」)で表される)及び平均細孔直径(ナノメートル(「nm」)で表される)を測定した、そして2つの焼成温度(セ氏温度(「℃」)で表される)及び時間(時間(「h」)で表される)それぞれについて、下記表7に報告している。
複合酸化物100pbwあたり、69pbwのAl2O3、16pbwのSiO2及び13pbwのTiO2を含む、例4の複合酸化物を、オルト硫酸チタニル(titanyl orthosulfate)(濃度9.34%、密度1.376)を硫酸アルミニウム溶液に沈殿の前に混合したことを除いて、例2の通りに作成した。該スプレードライされた粉末は、488m2/gの表面積を示した。該スプレードライされた粉末を、750℃で2時間及び900℃で2時間焼成した。750℃/2hで焼成された該粉末のサンプルを次に、1100℃で5時間、1200℃で5時間、及び1050℃で2時間焼成した。表面積(平方メートル毎グラム(「m2/g」)の単位)及び細孔容積(立方センチメートル毎グラム(「cm3/g」)の単位)の結果、並びに平均細孔直径(ナノメートル(「nm」)の単位)の測定を、それぞれの異なる焼成条件について、下記表9に報告している。
〔1〕
硫黄耐性アルミナの製造方法であって、
それぞれアルミニウムカチオン又はアルミニウムアニオン及び逆帯電した対イオンを含む、1又は複数の水溶性アルミニウム塩から、水性媒体中で、アルミニウム水和物を形成すること、
該水性媒体中かつ該1又は複数のアルミニウム塩の対イオンの存在下において、該アルミニウム水和物をシリカ前駆体に接触させること、
シリカ前駆体に接触したアルミニウム水和物粒子を該水性媒体から単離すること、及び
該シリカ前駆体に接触したアルミニウム水和物粒子を焼成し、該硫黄耐性アルミナの粒子を形成すること、
を含む、方法。
〔2〕
該アルミニウム水和物が水性媒体中で硫酸アルミニウムとアルミン酸ナトリウムの反応により作成される、項目1に記載の方法。
〔3〕
該シリカ前駆体が、アルカリ金属ケイ酸塩及びそれらの混合物から選択される、項目1に記載の方法。
〔4〕
該アルミニウム水和物が、シリカ約1〜約40pbwのシリカ含有量を有するシリカクラッドアルミナ生成物を提供するのに十分な量のシリカ前駆体と接触させられる、項目1に記載の方法。
〔5〕
アルミニウム水和物及びシリカ前駆体を含む該水性媒体が、約50℃〜約200℃の温度に、約20分間〜約6時間の間加熱される、項目1に記載の方法。
〔6〕
該シリカ前駆体に接触したアルミニウム水和物粒子が、該水性媒体からろ過により単離される、項目1に記載の方法。
〔7〕
該単離されたシリカ前駆体に接触したアルミニウム水和物粒子を洗浄し、水溶性残留物を該粒子から取り除くことをさらに含む、項目1に記載の方法。
〔8〕
該洗浄された粒子が脱水され、次に水性媒体と混合されて水性スラリーを形成する、項目7に記載の方法。
〔9〕
該水性スラリーが、スプレードライされてシリカ前駆体に接触したアルミニウム水和物粒子を形成する、項目8に記載の方法。
〔10〕
該シリカ前駆体に接触したアルミニウム水和物粒子が、400℃〜1100℃の温度で約30分間以上焼成される、項目1に記載の方法。
〔11〕
該アルミニウム水和物の形成の間及び/又は該シリカ前駆体と該アルミニウム水和物の接触の間に、ドーパント又はドーパント前駆体を該アルミニウム水和物に導入することにより、遷移金属、遷移金属酸化物、アルカリ土類、アルカリ土類酸化物、希土類、希土類酸化物、及びそれらの混合物から選択されるドーパントで、該硫黄耐性アルミナをドープすることをさらに含む、項目1に記載の方法。
〔12〕
改良された相安定性を示す、アルミナ、シリカ、及びジルコニアを含む複合酸化物を含む、項目11に従い作成された硫黄耐性アルミナ。
〔13〕
アルミナ、シリカ、及びジルコニアを含み、改良された相安定性を示す硫黄耐性複合酸化物であって、1050℃で2時間の焼成の後、該ジルコニアが正方晶ジルコニアとしてのみ存在する、硫黄耐性複合酸化物。
〔14〕
改良された相安定性を示す、アルミナ、シリカ、及びTiO 2 の複合酸化物を含む、項目11に従い作成された硫黄耐性アルミナ。
〔15〕
アルミナ、シリカ、及びTiO 2 を含み、改良された相安定性を示す硫黄耐性複合酸化物であって、900℃で2時間の焼成の後、該TiO 2 がアナターゼTiO 2 としてのみ存在する、硫黄耐性複合酸化物。
〔16〕
該硫黄耐性アルミナを、アルミナ、マグネシア、セリア、セリア-ジルコニア、希土類酸化物-ジルコニア混合物、及びそれらの混合物より選択される他の酸化物担体物質と混合することをさらに含む、項目1に記載の方法。
〔17〕
項目1に記載の方法により作成される、硫黄耐性アルミナ。
〔18〕
項目17に記載の硫黄耐性アルミナ上に担持された貴金属を含む、触媒。
Claims (10)
- 硫黄耐性アルミナの製造方法であって、
それぞれアルミニウムカチオン又はアルミニウムアニオン及び逆帯電した対イオンを含む、1又は複数の水溶性アルミニウム塩から、水性媒体中で、アルミニウム水和物を形成すること、
該水性媒体中かつ該1又は複数のアルミニウム塩の対イオンの存在下において、該アルミニウム水和物をシリカ前駆体に接触させること、
シリカ前駆体に接触したアルミニウム水和物粒子を該水性媒体から単離すること、及び
該シリカ前駆体に接触したアルミニウム水和物粒子を焼成し、該硫黄耐性アルミナの粒子を形成すること、
を含み、
前記方法は、該アルミニウム水和物の形成の間及び/又は該シリカ前駆体と該アルミニウム水和物の接触の間に、ドーパント又はドーパント前駆体を該アルミニウム水和物に導入することにより、Ti、Zr、およびこれらの混合物から選択されるドーパントで、該硫黄耐性アルミナをドープすることをさらに含む、方法。 - 該アルミニウム水和物が水性媒体中で硫酸アルミニウムとアルミン酸ナトリウムの反応により作成される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 該シリカ前駆体が、アルカリ金属ケイ酸塩及びそれらの混合物から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 該アルミニウム水和物が、シリカクラッドアルミナ生成物100質量部あたり、シリカ1〜40質量部のシリカ含有量を有するシリカクラッドアルミナ生成物を提供するのに十分な量のシリカ前駆体と接触させられる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- アルミニウム水和物及びシリカ前駆体を含む該水性媒体が、50℃〜200℃の温度に、20分間〜6時間の間加熱される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 該シリカ前駆体に接触したアルミニウム水和物粒子が、該水性媒体からろ過により単離される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 該単離されたシリカ前駆体に接触したアルミニウム水和物粒子を洗浄し、水溶性残留物を該粒子から取り除くことをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 該洗浄された粒子が脱水され、次に水性媒体と混合されて水性スラリーを形成する、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 該水性スラリーが、スプレードライされてシリカ前駆体に接触したアルミニウム水和物粒子を形成する、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 該シリカ前駆体に接触したアルミニウム水和物粒子が、400℃〜1100℃の温度で30分間以上焼成される、請求項1に記載の方法。
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| WO2017053393A1 (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2017-03-30 | Basf Corporation | Sulfur-tolerant catalytic system |
| EP3351300A1 (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2018-07-25 | SASOL Germany GmbH | Manganese oxide containing alumina composition, a method for manufacturing the same and use thereof |
| FR3075777A1 (fr) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-06-28 | Rhodia Operations | Hydrate d'aluminium poreux |
| JP2022510847A (ja) * | 2018-11-21 | 2022-01-28 | サソール(ユーエスエイ)コーポレーシヨン | 改善された安定性を有するシリカアルミナ組成物およびその作成法 |
| JP7426258B2 (ja) * | 2020-03-03 | 2024-02-01 | テイカ株式会社 | シリカ含有アルミナ粉体及びその製造方法 |
| JP7853069B2 (ja) * | 2020-03-25 | 2026-04-28 | 日揮触媒化成株式会社 | 多孔質シリカアルミナ粒子の製造方法 |
| CN111715200B (zh) * | 2020-05-19 | 2021-10-12 | 大连理工大学 | 一种核壳结构氧化铝载体及其制备及应用 |
| US11787701B2 (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2023-10-17 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Amorphous silica-alumina composition and method for making the same |
| JP7784286B2 (ja) * | 2021-03-19 | 2025-12-11 | 日揮触媒化成株式会社 | 多孔質シリカアルミナ粒子の製造方法 |
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