JP5958993B2 - Waste treatment system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste processing system that rapidly processes (crushing, sorting, transporting, reusing, etc.) a huge amount of waste generated by a disaster or the like.

  The rapid dismantling and removal of a huge amount of disaster waste caused by earthquakes, tsunamis, heavy rains, typhoons or other natural disasters is an important task for the restoration and reconstruction of the affected areas.

  When disposing of disaster waste, we send heavy machinery such as hydraulic excavators, trucks, sorters and crushers to the affected areas, and conduct disaster waste sorting, crushing, reuse and transportation, etc. The amount of goods can be reduced.

  A waste sorting and reuse system and its operation method are disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1.

JP 2006-739 A

  However, if a large number of heavy machinery is sent unplanned to a large pile of disaster waste in the stricken area, it will cause confusion and delay or stop processing.

  The present invention has been made from the above-described technical background, and an object thereof is to provide a technique capable of efficiently and appropriately treating disaster waste.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the waste treatment system according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of first treatment areas arranged in a disaster area, and a plurality of wastes loaded in the disaster area. A first transporting means for transporting to one processing area; a first weighing means provided between the disaster area and the plurality of first processing areas, for weighing the waste of the first transporting means; A mobile sorting means that is disposed in each of the first processing areas and separates the waste conveyed by the first transport means into a plurality of sizes of waste, and is shared by the plurality of first processing areas. Provided between the second treatment area, the second transport means for transporting each waste separated by the mobile sorting means to the second treatment area, and the first treatment area and the second treatment area Second weighing means for weighing the waste of the second transport means, and the second Disposed sense region, crushing means for crushing a plurality of the size of the waste carried by the second transport means is divided by the movable sorting means in said plurality of first processing region, and the crushing unit Fixed type sorting means for further subdividing the waste crushed in step into combustible and incombustible materials, and loading each of the waste subdivided by the fixed type sorting means to the third treatment area A third conveying means; a third weighing means provided between the second processing area and the third processing area, for weighing the waste of the third conveying means; the first weighing means; Data on the weight of the waste measured by the two weighing means and the third weighing means, the data on the type of waste divided by the size in the mobile sorting means, and the magnitude in the fixed sorting means Divided by Characterized by comprising further a waste management system for managing waste on the basis of the type of data combustibles and incombustible and the subdivided waste a.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the physical flow of waste to be treated is one-way in the first treatment area, the second treatment area, or both. It was made to become.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the second transport unit and the third transport unit include a portable portable information terminal having a global positioning system function. It is characterized by.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, by dividing the processing area into the primary processing area and the secondary processing area, it is possible to adopt processing methods suitable for each. In particular, since the sorting means in the first processing area is mobile, the sorting process can always be performed near the waste, so that the efficiency of the sorting process can be improved. For this reason, it becomes possible to treat disaster waste efficiently and appropriately.

  Further, according to the invention described in claim 2, it is possible to prevent the contact of heavy machinery moving in the first processing area, the second processing area, or both.

In addition, according to the invention described in claim 3 , since the positions of the second and third transport means can be always grasped, it becomes possible to perform the operation management of the transport means satisfactorily.

It is a conceptual diagram of the structure of the waste disposal system which is one embodiment of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram of the specific example of arrangement | positioning of the waste disposal system of FIG. It is a top view which shows the specific example of arrangement | positioning of the primary treatment plant of the waste disposal system of FIG. It is a conceptual diagram of an example of the mobile coarse sorter of FIG. It is the top view which showed the specific example of arrangement | positioning of the secondary treatment plant of the waste disposal system of FIG. 1, and a track scale. It is a perspective view of an example of a track scale. It is a top view which shows the specific example of arrangement | positioning of the secondary treatment plant of the waste disposal system of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the waste-treatment method which is one embodiment of this invention. It is the flowchart which showed more specifically the flow of the waste disposal method of FIG. It is a top view which shows the further specific example of arrangement | positioning of the primary treatment plant in the periphery of a stricken area, a secondary treatment plant, and disaster waste.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment as an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that components having the same function are denoted by the same reference symbols throughout the drawings for describing the embodiment, and the repetitive description thereof will be omitted.

  (First embodiment)

  FIG. 1 shows a conceptual diagram of a configuration of a waste treatment system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  The waste treatment system 1 is a system for efficiently and appropriately transporting a huge amount of disaster waste generated in the disaster area DA due to an earthquake, tsunami, heavy rain, typhoon or other natural disasters to the intermediate treatment plant TP. , A primary processing field (first processing area) 2, a secondary processing field (second processing area) 3, a primary storage place 4, a plurality of trucks (first to third transport means) 5, and a truck scale (First to third measuring means) 6 and a waste management system unit 7 are provided.

  The primary treatment plant 2 temporarily accumulates the disaster waste that has been dismantled and removed in the disaster area DA, and selects large objects (large pillars, squares, car bodies, ships, etc.), valuables, In the rough sorting area that makes it easy to treat disaster waste at the secondary treatment plant 3 in the subsequent stage by selecting relics and memorable items (hereinafter referred to as valuable items), separating and removing earth and sand, etc. is there. By providing such a primary treatment plant 2, the burden on the secondary treatment plant 3 can be reduced, so that “column material, square material”, “combustible mixture” and “non-combustible mixture” as a whole Processing can be performed quickly and accurately.

  The primary treatment plant 2 is distributed in a plurality of locations in a safe place around the disaster area DA. In each primary treatment plant 2, a receiving yard 2a, a sorting yard 2b, and a carry-out yard 2c are arranged along one direction. The receiving yard 2a is a place for receiving and unloading the disaster waste transported from the disaster area DA by the truck 5 or the like. The sorting yard 2b is a place where the disaster waste in the receiving yard 2a is sorted into a plurality of sizes of disaster waste by a mobile coarse sorting means described later. Further, the carry-out yard 2c is a place where the disaster waste sorted out in the sorting yard 2b is loaded on the truck 5 or the like to be transported to the secondary treatment site 3 or the primary storage place 4.

  The above-mentioned secondary treatment plant 3 accepts “column material, square bar”, “combustible mixture” and “incombustible mixture” roughly selected in the primary treatment plant 2, and removes or cleans large metals according to the acceptance conditions. Or a sorting area for crushing, sorting and unloading. In the secondary treatment plant 3, since the large-scale disaster waste DW is sorted out in the primary treatment plant 2 and valuables are removed, the treatment plant is not divided between the primary treatment plant 2 and the secondary treatment plant 3. Compared to the case, the sorting operation can be performed more quickly and accurately. In addition, when the sorting processing plant is made one place without dividing the primary processing plant 2 and the secondary processing plant 3, heavy machinery and trucks 5 are concentrated and thrown in, but confusion occurs. By separating it from the secondary treatment plant 3, such confusion can be avoided, so that overall processing efficiency can be improved.

  The secondary treatment plant 3 is a common place for the plurality of primary treatment plants 2. In the secondary treatment plant 3, a carry-in yard 3a, a sorting yard 3b, and a carry-out yard 3c are arranged along one direction. The carry-in yard 3a is a place for receiving and unloading a plurality of sizes of disaster waste transported from the primary treatment plant 2 by a truck 5 or the like. The sorting yard 3b is a place where a plurality of sized disaster wastes in the carry-in yard 3a are further finely sorted by a crusher or a stationary sorting means described later. Further, the carry-out yard 3c is a place where the waste sorted in the sorting yard 3b is loaded on the truck 5 or the like to be transported to the intermediate treatment site TP.

  The above-mentioned primary storage place 4 is a place for temporarily and appropriately storing valuables selected at the primary processing place 2, for example. In the primary storage place 4, a receiving yard 4a, a storage yard 4b, and a carry-out yard 4c are arranged along one direction.

  The receiving yard 4a is a place for receiving and unloading valuables carried from the primary processing plant 2 by the truck 5 or the like. The storage yard 4b is a place where the valuables in the receiving yard 4a are temporarily stored appropriately and safely according to the type. Further, the carry-out yard 4c is a place where valuables stored in the storage yard 4b are loaded on the truck 5 or the like in order to transport them to the intermediate processing station TP.

  The truck 5 described above is means for transporting the disaster waste loaded on the loading platform to the destination. For example, a portable portable information terminal (not shown) such as a tablet is mounted on the truck 5 after the processing in the primary processing place 2. Each tablet has a function of inputting information, a function of displaying information, a global positioning system (GPS) function, and the like. In addition, this tablet is provided with a traffic jam generation button. When a traffic jam occurs unexpectedly, the driver presses the traffic jam occurrence button to notify the waste management system unit 7 of the traffic jam occurrence. A message to that effect is automatically sent.

  The above-described truck scale 6 is a device for measuring the weight of the disaster waste while the disaster waste is loaded on the loading platform of the truck 5, and the weight data of the disaster waste measured by the truck scale 6 is the waste management. It is automatically transmitted to the system unit 7. When measuring this weight data, data such as measurement date and time, measurement item (type of disaster waste, etc.), vehicle number, driver name, carrier name, etc. are also associated at the same time. This association with the weight data is performed by pre-recording the relevant data such as the measurement date and time on a two-dimensional barcode, etc., and having the driver carry the vehicle registration certificate with the two-dimensional barcode attached. Yes.

  In the truck scale 6 between the disaster area DA and the primary treatment plant 2, only the weight data of the disaster waste is transmitted to the waste management system unit 7. Truck scale 6 between the primary treatment plant 2 and the secondary treatment plant 3, truck scale 6 between the secondary treatment plant 3 and the intermediate treatment plant TP, truck between the primary treatment plant 2 and the primary storage site 4. In the scale 6 and the truck scale 6 between the primary storage place 4 and the intermediate treatment site TP, the weight data of the disaster waste and the related data are transmitted to the waste management system unit 7.

  The above-described waste management system unit 7 is a management system for the entire waste processing, and the status of disaster waste is constantly monitored based on the weight data of disaster waste transmitted at the time of weight measurement at the truck scale 6 and related data. Centralized management. As a result, it is possible to grasp which truck 5 is loaded with what amount of waste, which processing stage is being advanced, and the like. Can be managed.

  In addition, the waste management system unit 7 always manages the operation status (traveling position, traveling speed, presence / absence of violations, etc.) of all the trucks 5 based on the information automatically transmitted from the tablet. The travel position of the truck 5 is displayed on the display of the information terminal of the waste management system unit 7 by a tablet with a GPS function mounted on the truck 5. Thereby, the operation manager on the waste management system unit 7 side can always manage the operation status of all the trucks 5. In addition, the operation manager can grasp the travel positions of all the trucks 5 and transmit the latest information on the road conditions and weather to the tablets of all the trucks 5 in a timely manner. In addition, the person in charge of operation management can adjust the operation interval of the truck 5 so that the truck 5 does not take the driving operation, and can consider the influence on the route along the transportation route and the occurrence of traffic congestion. Further, when the trucks 5 are approaching each other, the current status can be delivered to the corresponding trucks 5 by a message, and it can be instructed not to take the driving operation. Further, by causing the trucks 5 to travel in a distributed manner, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of traffic jams caused by the trucks 5. In addition, when a traffic jam occurs, messages can be delivered to the corresponding trucks 5 at the same time, and it is possible to instruct the change of the transportation route, standby or suspension of transportation. In addition, the waste management system unit 7 has a function of automatically detecting a point where a traffic jam is suspected from the recorded data of the traveling speed of the truck 5 and notifying the operation manager by e-mail. Thereby, the operation manager can predict the occurrence of traffic jams. As a result, a plurality of trucks 5 can be operated safely and efficiently while considering the surrounding environment.

  In addition, the waste management system unit 7 has a function of displaying (disclosing) a management slip (electronic manifest) on the web indicating that the processing of the disaster waste is properly performed based on various types of information obtained. It has. In addition, the waste management system unit 7 has a function of printing on a sheet or the like a form in which the contents and flow of disaster waste processing are described in a predetermined format.

  Next, FIG. 2 shows a conceptual diagram of a specific arrangement example of the waste treatment system 1 described above.

  As described above, a plurality of primary treatment plants 2 and a single secondary treatment plant 3 shared by the plurality of primary treatment plants 2 are arranged around the disaster area DA. The primary treatment plant 2 and the secondary treatment plant 3 are connected through a road 8.

  The truck 5 loaded with the disaster waste in the disaster area DA measures the weight of the disaster waste with the truck scale 6a (6), and then indicates which primary treatment plant 2 of the plurality of primary treatment plants 2 is to go to. It is supposed to be. Further, the truck 5 loaded with the disaster waste selected in the primary treatment plant 2 measures the weight again with the truck scale 6a (6) and then enters the shared secondary treatment plant 3. That is, the track scale 6a is shared before entering the primary processing place 2 and before entering the secondary processing place 3. Thereby, the structure of the waste disposal system 1 can be simplified. In addition, the number of truck scales 6 used can be reduced. Furthermore, if the truck scale 6 is not shared, installation work and system construction will be required for each of them, and it will take time for the installation work. By sharing the truck scale 6, the time required for installation work and system construction will be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to respond quickly to the disposal of disaster waste.

  For example, the truck 5 loaded with the disaster waste selected at the secondary treatment plant 3 measures the weight of the disaster waste with a track scale 6b different from the truck scale 6a at the time of carrying in, and then goes to the intermediate treatment plant TP. It is like that. In this way, by separating the track scale 6 on the carry-in side and the carry-out side of the truck 5, it is possible to suppress or prevent occurrence of weight data confusion and mistakes.

  Next, FIG. 3 shows a specific arrangement example of the primary treatment plant 2 of the waste treatment system 1 described above. Note that the symbol DW indicates disaster waste. The disaster waste DW at this stage contains a combustible non-combustible mixture.

  In the primary treatment plant 2, a receiving yard 2a, a sorting yard 2b, and a carry-out yard 2c are arranged along one direction along the outer edge of the disaster waste DW. The processing flow of the disaster waste DW is a one-way flow from left to right in FIG. As will be described later, work is performed by mobile heavy equipment in the primary treatment plant 2, but heavy equipment may come into contact with each other unless the flow of treatment of the disaster waste DW is defined. On the other hand, in this embodiment, by making the flow of the disaster waste DW in the primary treatment plant 2 one-way, it is possible to prevent contact between mobile heavy machines in the primary treatment plant 2 Can do.

  Moreover, in the opposing part of the selection yard 2b and the carrying-out yard 2c, it arrange | positions so that it may mutually mesh. Thereby, the delivery of the disaster waste DW from the sorting yard 2b to the carry-out yard 2c can be efficiently performed in a small area.

  In the sorting yard 2b, mobile heavy machines (mobile sorting means) such as backhoes 10a to 10d, a wheel loader (not shown), and a mobile coarse sorter 11 are arranged. By making the sorter in the primary treatment plant 2 mobile, it is possible to always work near the disaster waste DW to be treated. That is, if the sorting machine of the primary treatment plant 2 is fixed, when the sorting operation of the disaster waste DW progresses and the outer edge of the disaster waste DW recedes, the fixed state of the fixed sorting machine is released accordingly. The disaster waste DW must be transported to a heavy machine or to a fixed sorter, and in any case the work efficiency is greatly reduced. On the other hand, in this embodiment, since the sorting machine in the primary treatment plant 2 is made mobile, if the processing progresses and the outer edge of the disaster waste DW recedes, the sorter is moved as much as the disaster waste DW. Therefore, the efficiency of the sorting operation can be improved as compared with the case of using a fixed sorter.

  The backhoes 10a to 10d described above are distributed in a distributed manner surrounding the pre-sorting place BY in the center of the sorting yard 2b so that the work is basically performed by horizontally rotating the arms of each machine. Thereby, since the number of backhoes used and the amount of movement in the sorting yard 2b can be minimized, the disaster waste DW can be efficiently transported without causing confusion.

  The backhoe 10a disposed near the disaster waste DW is a heavy machine that moves the disaster waste DW to the sorting pre-site BY along with a wheel loader (not shown), and a skeleton bucket is attached to the tip of the arm. Has been. The backhoe 10b disposed near the pre-sorting place BY on the opposite side of the backhoe 10a is a heavy machine that removes metal or the like in the disaster waste DW, and a magnet or the like is attached to the tip of the arm. Further, the backhoe 10c arranged adjacent to the backhoe 10b is a device for sorting out and deploying the disaster waste DW in the pre-sorting place BY, and a grapple or the like is attached to the tip of the arm.

  Further, the backhoe 10d throws the disaster waste DW from the sorting preparatory site BY into the mobile coarse sorter 11, and loads disaster waste of 40 mm or less sorted by the coarse sorter 11 onto the loading platform of the truck 5. This is a heavy machine, and a bucket or the like is attached to the tip of the arm. The backhoe 10d is arranged so that the disaster waste DW can be moved to the rough sorter 11 or the truck 5 by the horizontal rotation of its arm. Thereby, disaster waste DW can be carried efficiently. Further, since the backhoe 10d serves both as a sorting operation and a loading operation for carrying out, the number of backhoes used can be reduced as compared with the case where these are performed by separate backhoes.

  The above-described mobile coarse sorter 11 is a heavy machine that sorts the disaster waste DW into three types of disaster waste, for example, 40 mm or less, 40 to 150 mm, and 150 mm or more. The disaster waste of 40 mm or less selected here is loaded onto the loading platform of the truck 5 waiting in the sorting yard 2b by the backhoe 10d as described above. Further, the disaster waste of 40 to 150 mm flows on the belt conveyor 12a and is loaded on the loading platform of the truck 5 waiting in the unloading yard 2c by the backhoe 10e waiting in the unloading yard 2c. Further, the disaster waste of 150 mm or more is loaded on the loading platform of the truck 5 waiting in the unloading yard 2c by the backhoe 10f waiting in the unloading yard 2c. Similarly to the backhoes 10a to 10d, the backhoes 10e and 10d of the carry-out yard 2c are basically arranged so that the work is performed by horizontally rotating the arms of each machine. Thereby, since the number of backhoes used and the amount of movement of the carry-out yard 2c can be minimized, the disaster waste DW can be efficiently carried without causing confusion.

  Here, FIG. 4 shows a conceptual diagram of an example of the mobile coarse sorter 11 of FIG. The mobile coarse sorter 11 is, for example, a mobile vibration screen, and the screens 11a and 11b are mounted in two stages along the vertical direction. The upper screen 11a is, for example, a 150 mm mesh, and the lower screen 11b is, for example, a 40 mm mesh screen. As described above, the disaster waste DW is, for example, three types of 40 mm or less, 40 to 150 mm, and 150 mm or more. It is possible to sort by size. The screens 11a and 11b can be easily replaced. The coarse sorter 11 is provided with a portable wheel 11c and can be freely moved by the above-described backhoe, wheel loader, or the like.

  Next, FIG. 5 shows a specific arrangement example of the secondary treatment plant 3 and the track scale 6.

  The secondary treatment plant 3 is divided into, for example, two secondary treatment plants 3x and 3y. The two secondary treatment plants 3x and 3y are arranged adjacent to each other with the road 8 in between. One secondary treatment plant 3x is an area where, for example, flammable mixture and non-combustible mixture disaster waste is crushed and sorted, and the sorted disaster waste is carried out. The other secondary treatment plant 3y is, for example, This is an area where column and square disaster waste is crushed and sorted, and the sorted disaster waste is carried out. Thus, by separating the secondary treatment plant 3 according to the type of disaster waste, the processing efficiency such as sorting can be improved. However, the number of the secondary treatment plants 3 may be one in one place, or may be divided into three or more, but the treatment efficiency can be improved in two cases rather than one in one place. . In addition, three may be used in one place, but if the number is increased too much, the number of heavy machinery may increase and the operation efficiency may decrease, or the number of trucks 5 may increase and traffic jams may occur.

  A road 8 is provided along the outer periphery of the outer periphery of the secondary treatment plants 3x and 3y. The arrows shown on the road 8 in FIG. 5 indicate the traveling direction of the truck 5. The traveling direction of the truck 5 is one-way around the secondary treatment plants 3x and 3y. The track scale 6 (6a, 6b) described above is installed in the middle of the road 8. Two track scales 6 are arranged in total, one at the receiving part of the secondary treatment plant 3 and one at the carry-out part. Here, FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of an example of the track scale 6. A slope is integrally provided before and after the scale main body of the track scale 6 so that the truck 5 can be easily put in. The truck scale 6 can be easily installed, can be measured immediately, and can be moved easily. Therefore, it can be quickly installed and moved in the disaster area DA.

  Next, FIG. 7 shows a specific arrangement example of the secondary treatment plant 3x. The arrows in the secondary treatment plant 3 indicate the direction of disaster waste flow, and the arrows in the road 8 indicate the traveling direction of the truck 5.

  The secondary treatment plant 3x includes a carry-in yard 3xa1 to 3xa3 (carry-in yard 3a in FIG. 1), a sorting yard 3xb (sorted yard 3b in FIG. 1), a carry-out yard 3xc1 to 3xc5 (carry-out yard 3c in FIG. 1), Are disposed, and a plurality of backhoes 10g to 10n are disposed at appropriate positions. Here again, as in the case of the primary treatment plant 2, the flow of the treatment of the disaster waste is a one-way flow from the left to the right in FIG. Thereby, contact between heavy machinery in the secondary treatment plant 3 can be prevented. Further, the backhoes 10g to 10n are also distributed and arranged so that the work is basically performed by the horizontal rotation movement of the arm of each machine, similarly to the backhoes 10a to 10d. Thereby, since the number of backhoes used and the amount of movement at the secondary treatment plant 3x can be minimized, disaster waste can be efficiently transported without causing confusion.

  The carry-in yard 3xa1 is a place where unloading disaster waste of 150 mm or more carried from the primary treatment plant 2 is unloaded, and the carry-in yard 3xa2 is a disaster of 40 to 150 mm carried from the primary treatment plant 2 The place where the waste is unloaded, the carry-in yard 3xa3, is a place where the disaster waste of 40 mm or less carried from the primary treatment plant 2 is unloaded.

  The sorting yard 3xb is a place where the disaster waste transported from the primary treatment plant 2 is crushed and sorted and further subdivided. The sorting yard 3xb includes, for example, a combustible non-combustible common line LA and a subsequent stage. The flammable system line LB disposed in series and the noncombustible system line LC disposed in parallel adjacent thereto are disposed.

  The flammable nonflammable common line LA is a line that sorts disaster waste mixed with flammable and nonflammable over 40 mm transported from the primary treatment plant 2 to the secondary treatment plant 3 into flammable and nonflammable. is there. For example, a crusher 18a, a belt conveyor 12b, and a fixed automatic sorter (fixed sorting means) 19 are arranged in the combustible nonflammable common line LA.

  The crusher 18a is disposed between the carry-in yards 3xa1 and 3xa2, and is a heavy machine that crushes the disaster waste of 150 mm or more in the carry-in yard 3xa1 input by the backhoe 10g to 150 mm or less. The disaster waste crushed by the crusher 18a is transported to the subsequent carry-in yard 3xa2 by the belt conveyor 12b, and is put into the automatic sorter 19 by the backhoe 10h together with the 40-150 mm disaster waste in the carry-in yard 3xa2. It has become.

  The automatic sorter 19 includes, for example, a magnetic separator 19a, a rotary sieve 19b, and a combustible material separator 19c. The disaster waste thrown into the automatic sorter 19 is thrown into the subsequent rotary sieve 19b after the metal is removed by the magnetic separator 19a.

  The rotary sieving machine 19b is a rotary automatic sieving machine such as, for example, a trommel screen. By this rotary sieving machine 19b, a disaster waste of an incombustible mixture smaller than 40 mm and a disaster of a combustible incombustible mixture of 40 mm or more. It can be divided into waste. Disaster waste of incombustible mixture smaller than 40 mm is sent to the incombustible system line LC through the belt conveyor 12c, while disaster waste of combustible incombustible mixture of 40 mm or more is sent to the subsequent combustible material separator 19c. It is like that.

  The combustible material separation device 19c automatically picks up the combustible material from the line through which the combustible system mixture and the noncombustible system mixture flow by a continuously rotating steel rod (rake), and automatically selects the combustible material and the noncombustible material. It is a sorter. The incombustible material smaller than 40 mm selected here is sent to the incombustible system line LC through the belt conveyor 12d, while the combustible material of 40 mm or more is sent to the subsequent incombustible system line LB.

  The combustible system line LB is a line for selecting combustible materials selected by the combustible noncombustible system common line LA into smaller disaster waste. In the combustible line LB, a crusher 18b, an inclined screen 20a, a belt conveyor 12e, and the like are arranged.

  Of the combustibles sorted by the automatic sorter 19, predetermined ones are crushed by the crusher 18b and then sent to the inclined screen 20a by the belt conveyor 12e. The inclined screen 20a is, for example, a 50 mm mesh screen, and can be freely moved by a backhoe with a crane or the like. The combustible material of 50 mm or less selected by the inclined screen 20a is sent to the carry-out yard 3xc1, loaded on the loading platform of the truck 5 by the backhoe 10i or the like, and carried by the truck 5 to the intermediate treatment site TP.

  In addition, some of the combustibles sorted by the automatic sorter 19 are sent to the carry-out yard 3xc2 after the hard plastic or the polystyrene is removed, and the rest are sent to the other carry-out yard 3xc3. ing. The combustibles in each of the unloading yards 3xc2 and 3xc3 are loaded on the loading platform of the truck 5 by the backhoes 10i and 10k, etc., and are transported by the truck 5 to the intermediate treatment plant TP, as in the unloading yard 3xc1. Yes.

  The non-flammable line LC described above includes disaster waste smaller than 40 mm transported from the primary treatment plant 2 to the secondary treatment plant 3 and non-flammable disaster waste smaller than 40 mm sorted by the combustible non-flammable common line LA. Are sorted into disaster waste smaller than 20 mm and disaster waste of 20 to 40 mm.

  In the non-combustible line LC, belt conveyors 12f and 12g, an inclined screen 20b, and the like are arranged. As described above, disaster waste DW smaller than 40 mm sent from the automatic sorter 19 to the belt conveyor 12 f through the belt conveyor 12 c, and disaster waste smaller than 40 mm thrown into the belt conveyor 12 f from the loading yard 3 xa 3 by the backhoe 10 l or the like. Both are sent to the inclined screen 20b by the belt conveyor 12f.

  The inclined screen 20b is, for example, a 20 mm mesh screen, and is classified into non-combustible disaster waste smaller than 20 mm and non-combustible disaster waste of 20 to 40 mm. The inclined screen 20b can also be freely moved by a backhoe with a crane or the like.

  The non-combustible disaster waste DW smaller than 20 mm selected by the inclined screen 20b is sent to the carry-out yard 3xc4, and is loaded on the loading platform of the truck 5 by the backhoe 10m or the like and used as reconstruction material or the like. On the other hand, the non-combustible disaster waste DW of 20 to 40 mm is sent to the carry-out yard 3xc5 and loaded on the loading platform of the truck 5 by the backhoe 10n or the like.

  Next, the disaster waste processing method of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7 along the flowcharts of FIGS. 8 and 9.

  First, the disaster waste in the disaster area DA is dismantled, removed, and loaded onto the loading platform of the truck 5 (step 100 in FIG. 8). The truck 5 is provided with a vehicle card (registration card) with a registration number and a two-dimensional barcode so that it can be seen from the windshield of the truck 5. Thereby, the vehicle can be specified instantaneously at the time of reception.

  Subsequently, the truck 5 loaded with the disaster waste goes to the management building CA (see FIG. 9), and receives reception, weight measurement, and a destination instruction in this order. At the reception, for example, the reception date and time, the name of the loading / unloading trader, the driver's name, the loading item (type of disaster waste) and the vehicle number (related data described above) are confirmed by the vehicle card.

  In the weight measurement, as described above, the weight of the disaster waste is measured by the truck scale 6a (first measurement process). Weight measurement is performed in the presence of a dedicated weight manager. The measured weight data and related data are automatically transmitted to the waste management system unit 7 (step 101 in FIG. 8).

  In the destination instruction, the weight data transmitted to the waste management system unit 7 and the processing progress status of each of the plurality of primary treatment plants 2 are instructed where to be delivered to the primary treatment plant 2. Thereby, since it can be understood in a short time which one of the plurality of primary treatment plants 2 is best transported, the truck 5 can be operated quickly and accurately. In this case, it is possible to specify the destination in consideration of later processing efficiency according to the amount and quality of the disaster waste in addition to the allowable amount of disaster waste received at the primary treatment plant 2, so that the overall processing efficiency Can be improved.

  Subsequently, the truck 5 goes to the designated primary processing site 2 among the plurality of primary processing sites 2 and performs reception, unloading, and the like. In the primary treatment plant 2, as described above, the process of sorting the disaster waste into, for example, three sizes of disaster waste is performed by a mobile coarse sorter or the like. Then, large-scale disaster waste is selected and small items such as valuables are removed (step 102 in FIG. 8). By performing rough selection in the primary treatment plant 2, the burden on the secondary treatment plant 3 can be reduced, and the overall treatment efficiency can be improved. In addition, by making the coarse sorter of the primary treatment plant 2 mobile, work can always be performed near the disaster waste DW (see FIG. 3), so work efficiency can be improved. Furthermore, by making the flow of processing in the primary processing plant 2 one-way, it is possible to prevent contact between heavy machines.

  Subsequently, the disaster wastes of three sizes selected in the primary treatment plant 2 are loaded on the loading platforms of different trucks 5 respectively. The tablets described above are mounted on each track 5 after this stage. Each truck 5 goes to the management building CA, and receives reception, weight measurement (second measurement process), and destination instruction in the same manner as described above. Here again, the measured weight data and related data are automatically transmitted to the waste management system unit 7 (step 103 in FIG. 8).

  Subsequently, the truck 5 goes to one of the secondary processing sites 3x and 3y designated as the destination of the secondary processing site 3, and performs reception, unloading, and the like. In the secondary treatment plant 3x, as described above, a process for further subdividing the disaster waste by a fixed sorter or the like is performed (step 104 in FIG. 8). In the secondary treatment plant 3, large-scale disaster waste is sorted out in the primary treatment plant 2 and valuables are also removed, so the primary treatment plant 2 and the secondary treatment plant 3 do not separate the treatment plants. Compared to the above, the sorting operation can be performed more quickly and accurately. In addition, when the sorting processing plant is made one place without dividing the primary processing plant 2 and the secondary processing plant 3, heavy machinery and vehicles are concentrated and thrown in, but confusion occurs. Such division can be avoided by dividing it with the next treatment plant 3, so that the overall treatment efficiency can be improved. Furthermore, by making the flow of processing in the secondary treatment plant 3 one-way, it is possible to prevent contact between heavy machines.

  Subsequently, the disaster wastes DW having different sizes selected in the secondary treatment plant 3 are loaded on the loading platforms of the different trucks 5 respectively. Each truck 5 goes to the management building CA, and receives reception, weight measurement (third weighing process), and destination instruction in the same manner as described above. Again, the measured weight data and related data are automatically transmitted to the waste management system unit 7 (step 105 in FIG. 8). Thereafter, the truck 5 goes to the intermediate processing station TP and performs reception, unloading, etc. (step 106 in FIG. 8).

  Thus, in this Embodiment, the disaster waste of disaster area DA can be processed efficiently. In addition, since the primary processing plant 2 and the secondary processing plant 3 are arranged in different roles, it is possible to appropriately distribute and arrange the heavy machinery for performing the sorting work so as to increase the work efficiency. In addition, since the sorting operation can be performed efficiently as a whole, reuse of disaster waste can be promoted. In addition, by managing the weight and type of disaster waste for each treatment at each treatment plant, it is possible to always know the status of the treatment of the disaster waste and where it is going after treatment, so that the disaster waste is treated appropriately. can do.

  (Second Embodiment)

  FIG. 10 shows a more specific arrangement example of the primary treatment plant 2, the secondary treatment plant 3, and the disaster waste DW around the disaster area DA. In addition, in order to make it easy to see the drawings, the piles of individual disaster wastes DW are hatched.

  In the present embodiment, the location and number of primary treatment plants 2 are set based on the distance and capacity of the piles of disaster waste DW. That is, among the piles of disaster waste DWs that are scattered, the piles of adjacent disaster wastes DW are grouped together, and the total capacity of the disaster wastes DW in each group is equal or close. In this way, the location and number of the primary treatment plants 2 are set. Here, the piles of disaster waste DW are scattered, for example, at 12 locations, but the primary treatment plant 2 is set at, for example, 4 locations by grouping the piles of disaster waste DW adjacent to each other. ing.

  For example, if 12 piles of disaster waste DW are used as the primary treatment plant 2 and the rough sorting operation is performed at the same time, placing the minimum number of heavy machinery required for rough sorting in all 12 locations will increase the total number of heavy machinery. Inefficient in terms of utilization rate and cost of heavy machinery. In addition, in the transport from the primary treatment plant 2 to the secondary treatment plant 3, since 12 primary treatment plants 2 are simultaneously carried into one secondary treatment plant 3, the secondary treatment plant 3 The concentration of transport vehicles is expected and overall processing efficiency is reduced.

  In addition, for example, when the primary treatment plant 2 is one place and 12 piles of disaster waste DW are treated one by one, a large amount of heavy machinery is concentrated in one pile to secure the daily allowance. This increases the risk of occupational accidents caused by heavy machinery. In addition, there are not enough sites in all directions for rough sorting work on any pile. Furthermore, since the mixing ratio of waste articles differs for each accumulation mountain, the amount and quality of the processing target may vary greatly every time the accumulation mountain to be processed changes, and the processing plan cannot be corrected.

  On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, the piles of disaster waste DW are grouped in terms of distance and capacity, so that sorting processing can be performed relatively evenly from the piles of scattered disaster waste DW. Since it can be performed, fluctuations in the amount and quality of the disaster waste DW to be processed can be reduced. For this reason, since it is easy to make a processing plan, it is possible to advance the processing quickly and accurately. Moreover, since it is carried in simultaneously from four places in the site conveyance from the primary treatment plant 2 to the secondary treatment plant 3, it is possible to carry the vehicle quickly and accurately without concentration of the conveyance vehicles. Furthermore, heavy machines can be arranged efficiently in terms of availability and cost.

  Although the invention made by the present inventor has been specifically described based on the embodiment, the embodiment disclosed in this specification is an example in all respects and is limited to the disclosed technology. Should not be considered. That is, the technical scope of the present invention should not be construed restrictively based on the description in the above-described embodiment, but should be construed according to the description of the scope of claims. All modifications are included without departing from the technical scope equivalent to the described technique and the gist of the claims.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the backhoe is used in each processing place has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a hydraulic shovel other than the backhoe may be used.

  In the above description, the case where the present invention is applied to a waste processing system for processing disaster waste caused by a natural disaster has been described, but the present invention can also be applied to other waste processing systems.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste disposal system 2 Primary treatment plant 2a Reception yard 2b Sorting yard 2c Unloading yard 3, 3x, 3xa, 3xb, 3y Secondary treatment plant 3a, 3xa1 to 3xa3 Loading yard 3b, 3xb Sorting yard 3c, 3xc1 to 3xc3 Unloading yard 4 Primary storage place 5 Truck 6, 6a, 6b Truck scale 7 Waste management system 8 Road 10a-10n Backhoe 11 Mobile coarse sorter 11a, 11b Screen 11c Wheels 12a-12g Belt conveyors 18a, 18b Crusher 19 Fixed Type automatic sorter 19a Magnetic sorter 19b Rotary sieve 19c Combustible material separators 20a, 20b Inclined screen DW Disaster waste BY Sorting place LA Flammable nonflammable common line LB Flammable line LC Nonflammable line CA Management building

Claims (3)

A plurality of first treatment areas arranged in the stricken area;
First transport means for transporting waste loaded in the disaster area to the plurality of first treatment areas;
A first weighing means provided between the stricken area and the plurality of first treatment areas, for weighing the waste of the first transport means;
Mobile sorting means arranged in each of the plurality of first treatment areas and dividing the waste carried by the first transport means into a plurality of sizes of waste;
A second processing area shared for the plurality of first processing areas;
Second transport means for transporting each waste separated by the mobile sorting means to the second treatment area;
A second weighing means provided between the first treatment area and the second treatment area for weighing the waste of the second transport means;
A crushing means arranged in the second processing area, for crushing a plurality of wastes separated by the mobile sorting means and carried by the second transport means in the plurality of first processing areas ; and Fixed sorting means for further subdividing the waste crushed by the crushing means into combustibles and incombustibles ;
A third transporting means for loading each of the waste subdivided by the fixed sorting means and carrying it to a third treatment area;
A third weighing means provided between the second treatment area and the third treatment area, for weighing the waste of the third transport means;
Data on the weight of the waste measured by the first weighing means, the second weighing means and the third weighing means ; and data on the type of waste divided by size in the mobile sorting means; and A waste management system that manages waste based on data of types of waste divided by size in the fixed sorting means and further subdivided into combustibles and non-combustibles ;
A waste treatment system comprising: 2. The waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the physical flow of waste to be treated is one-way in the first treatment area, the second treatment area, or both. . 3. The waste processing system according to claim 1, wherein the second transport unit and the third transport unit include a portable personal digital assistant having a global positioning system function .

Images