JP5965699B2 - Shock absorber - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an impact absorber for absorbing a part of the energy when an impact load is applied to mitigate the impact, and more particularly to an impact absorber installed at a foot of a passenger seat of an automobile.

  In automobiles, in order to protect passengers in the event of a collision, the body can be structurally easily deformed and the interior of bumpers, ceilings, doors, etc., to minimize damage to the passenger compartment. In general, a shock absorber is provided on the surface to absorb the impact at the time of collision as much as possible.

  In recent years, a shock absorber using a foam material having energy absorption (see Patent Document 1) or a box-shaped energy absorption structure has been proposed.

Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 6-17097

  However, the shock absorber formed of the foam material described in Patent Document 1 has a small initial force that is compressed and crushed, and the force suddenly increases near the bottom where the compressive strain increases, and the injury value is crushed. It becomes higher in the second half, and the performance as a shock absorber is reduced.

  In addition, the shock absorber having a box structure is not easily crushed when subjected to a compressive load, and is crushed in an accordion shape, so that a large amount of crush remains. For this reason, since the deformation amount of the shock absorber cannot be increased, the energy cannot be sufficiently absorbed.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and the load for crushing the rib from the initial stage of crushing under the compression load to the vicinity of the bottom projection does not increase rapidly, and the deformation of the rib with respect to the compression load An object of the present invention is to provide a shock absorber capable of securing a sufficient amount.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is an impact absorber that is installed on a floor surface that forms a foot of a seat of an automobile, and is provided so as to protrude from a plate-like substrate portion and one surface of the substrate portion. is and a height different re blanking, a plurality of ribs are disposed in a position that does not interfere with each other after being compressed and deformed, the height same rib of the plurality of ribs are at least four or more even number These even-numbered ribs having the same height are arranged at equal intervals around the central axis perpendicular to the surface on one side of the substrate portion.

Further, the root portion of the substrate side of the plurality of ribs of the present invention, the reinforcing member for preventing the base portion is bent at the time of compression deformation of the rib is provided, the better.

The reinforcing member of the present invention is a connecting member connecting the base portion of the other of the ribs adjacent to the base portion and the rib of the rib, and good.

  As described above, the shock absorber according to the present invention has the above-described characteristics, so that the force generated from the initial stage of crushing under a compressive load to the vicinity of the bottom bump does not increase suddenly, and the compression is performed. It is possible to provide an impact absorber that can sufficiently secure a deformation amount with respect to a load.

1 is a perspective view of a front side of a passenger compartment on a driver's seat side of an automobile provided with an impact absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention. The perspective view of a shock absorber is shown. Side surface explanatory drawing for demonstrating the internal structure of a shock absorber is shown. 4A shows a rear perspective view for explaining the internal structure of the shock absorber, and FIG. 4B shows a rear perspective view for explaining the crushed rib. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the load which a shock absorber collapses when a compressive load acts on a shock absorber, and the displacement of a shock absorber. FIG. 6A shows a side view of an impact absorber in which an impact load acts obliquely, and FIG. 6B shows an impact absorption when an oblique impact load and a perpendicular impact load act on the impact absorber. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the load which a body collapses, and the displacement of a shock absorber.

  A preferred embodiment of the shock absorber according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. First, with reference to FIG. 1, the front side of the automobile provided with the shock absorber will be outlined.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the front side of a passenger compartment 3 on the driver's seat side of the automobile 1. As shown in FIG. 1, an instrument panel 4 extends in the width direction of the passenger compartment on the front side of the passenger compartment 3 of the automobile 1, and an operation handle is provided in front of the driver seat of the instrument panel 4. The accelerator pedal 5 is provided on the right side of the occupant seated in the driver's seat so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, and the brake pedal 6 is provided on the outer side in the vehicle width direction so as to be movable in the front-rear direction. The shock absorbers 20 and 20 ′ of the present invention are installed on the floor surface 8 of the passenger compartment 3 below the accelerator pedal 5. In the present embodiment, two shock absorbers 20 and 20 ′ having different sizes are provided in the longitudinal direction of the passenger compartment. Since the shock absorbers 20 and 20 'having two different sizes have similar shapes and the internal structure of the shock absorbers 20 and 20' is the same, the shock absorber 20 having the larger size will be described below. To do.

  Next, the shock absorber 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2, 3, 4 (a), and 4 (b). As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 (a), the shock absorber 20 includes a box-shaped box body 21 having an opening on the lower side, and a plate-shaped non-slip plate 27 provided on the upper surface of the box body 21. And a plurality of ribs 40 provided in the box main body 21. The box main body 21 is made of a synthetic resin material, is integrally molded, and has a substrate portion 22 formed in a square shape, and a side wall portion 23 having a rectangular shape in side view extending downward from each side of the substrate portion 22. Become. A space portion 24 is formed inside the box body 21 surrounded by the substrate portion 22 and the four side wall portions 23, and ribs 40 are provided in the space portion 24.

  The heights hb of the side wall portions 23 are all substantially the same and are larger than the height h1 of the first rib of the rib 40 described later. For this reason, when the shock absorber 20 is installed on the floor surface so that the lower opening of the shock absorber 20 faces the floor surface, the tips of the four side wall portions 23 are in contact with the floor surface. .

  The side wall portion 23 is integrally connected to the substrate portion 22 with a gap 25 between the side wall portion 23 and the other side wall portions 23 adjacent to each other. Since the thickness of the side wall portion 23 is small with respect to the length in the vertical direction, when a predetermined or more compressive load acts on the substrate portion 22 of the shock absorber 20, the base portion on the substrate portion side of the side wall portion 23. 23a is buckled in the outward direction of the box body 21 (see FIG. 4B).

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the non-slip plate 27 is a plate-like member formed of a metal material (for example, steel), and is installed on the substrate portion 22 of the box body 21. The anti-slip plate 27 is formed in substantially the same square shape as the substrate portion 22, and a pair of locking projections 28 protruding downward are provided at both ends of the lower surface in the front-rear direction. The locking projection 28 is disposed outside the side wall portion 23 disposed in the front-rear direction of the box body 21 and restricts the movement of the anti-slip plate 27 relative to the box body 21 in the front-rear direction.

  On the upper surface of the anti-slip plate 27, a protrusion 29 is provided that is disposed with a predetermined interval in the front-rear direction and extends in the width direction of the anti-slip plate 27. These protrusions 29 prevent the occupant's soles from sliding forward relative to the upper surface of the anti-slip plate 27 during a front collision.

  As shown in FIGS. 3, 4 (a), and 4 (b), the rib 40 includes four first ribs 41 provided so as to protrude inside the back surface of the substrate portion 22 of the shock absorber 20, and 4 Four second ribs 50 projecting from the back surface of the substrate portion 22 inside the first ribs 41, and four second ribs 50 projecting from the back surface of the substrate portion 22 inside the four second ribs 50. 3 ribs 60 and four fourth ribs 70 provided to protrude from the back surface of the substrate portion 22 inside the four third ribs 60.

  The first ribs 41 are arranged at the four corners of the first virtual line L <b> 1 having a square shape on the back surface of the substrate portion 22, and are formed integrally with the substrate portion 22. That is, the four first ribs 41 are arranged at equal intervals around the central axis S orthogonal to the central portion of the inner surface of the substrate portion 22. The first rib 41 has a pair of first flat portions 41 a extending in a direction orthogonal to each other, and extends in a direction substantially perpendicular to the back surface of the substrate portion 22 at the four corners of the first virtual line L1. A connecting member 43 is connected to the root portion 41 b of the first flat surface portion 41 a of the first rib 41 to connect the root portion 41 b of the first flat surface portion 41 a of the other adjacent first rib 41. The connecting member 43 is integrally connected to the back surface of the substrate unit 22. For this reason, since the root part 41b of the 1st rib 41 is reinforced through the connection member 43, even if a compressive load acts on the longitudinal direction of the 1st rib 41, the 1st rib 41 bends from the root part 41b. There is nothing. Since the first rib 41 has a large length with respect to the thickness of the first flat surface portion 41a, when a compressive load is applied to the first rib 41, the first rib 41 is buckled at the intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction, and the substrate portion 22 is thus bent. It bends in a direction away from the center of the back surface (see FIG. 4B). These four first ribs 41 have substantially the same height h1, and have a height larger than the height h2 of the second rib 50 described later.

  As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the second rib 50 is a second imaginary line having a square shape with a predetermined interval inside the first rib 41 arranged in a square shape. It is arranged at the center of each side of L2 and is formed integrally with the substrate part 22. That is, the four second ribs 50 are arranged at equal intervals around the central axis S that is orthogonal to the central portion of the inner surface of the substrate portion 22. The second rib 50 has a second flat surface portion 50 a extending in a direction orthogonal to the back surface of the substrate portion 22, and both sides in the width direction of the second flat surface portion 50 a are bent to the center portion side of the back surface of the substrate portion 22 to increase the strength. We are trying to increase. A connecting member 52 is connected to the root portion 50b of the second flat surface portion 50a of the second rib 50 to connect the root portion 50b of the second flat surface portion 50a of another adjacent second rib 50. The connecting member 52 is disposed along the second imaginary line L <b> 2 and is integrally connected to the back surface of the substrate portion 22. For this reason, since the root part 50b of the 2nd rib 50 is reinforced through the connection member 52, even if a compressive load acts on the longitudinal direction of the 2nd rib 50, the 2nd rib 50 bends from the root part 50b. There is nothing. Since the second rib 50 has a large length with respect to the thickness of the second flat surface portion 50a, when a compressive load is applied to the second rib 50, the second rib 50 is buckled at the intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction, and the substrate portion 22 is thus formed. Is bent toward the center of the back surface (see FIG. 4B). For this reason, when the second rib 50 is buckled, there is no possibility that the second rib 50 contacts the first rib 41 or the third rib 60 and the fourth rib 70 described later. These four second ribs 50 have substantially the same height h2, and have a height larger than a height h3 of a third rib 60 described later (see FIG. 3).

  The third ribs 60 are disposed at the four corners of the third imaginary line L3 having a predetermined interval inside the second ribs 50 arranged in a square shape, and are formed integrally with the substrate portion 22. ing. That is, the four third ribs 60 are arranged at equal intervals around the central axis S that is orthogonal to the central portion of the inner surface of the substrate portion 22. For this reason, the space part 61 is formed between the adjacent 3rd ribs 60, and the 2nd rib 50 does not contact the 3rd rib 60 at the time of the buckling of the 2nd rib 50. FIG. The third rib 60 has a pair of third flat portions 60a extending in a direction orthogonal to each other, and extends substantially perpendicular to the back surface of the substrate portion 22 at the four corners of the third virtual line L3. A connecting member 62 connected to the root portion 60b of the third flat surface portion 60a of another adjacent third rib 60 is connected to the root portion 60b of the third flat surface portion 60a of the third rib 60. The connecting member 62 is integrally connected to the back surface of the substrate unit 22. For this reason, since the root portion 60b of the third rib 60 is reinforced through the connecting member 62, the third rib 60 bends from the root portion 60b even if a compressive load acts in the longitudinal direction of the third rib 60. There is nothing. Since the third rib 60 has a large length with respect to the thickness of the third flat surface portion 60 a, when a compressive load is applied to the third rib 60, the third rib 60 is buckled at the intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction, and the substrate portion 22. Bend in the direction away from the center of the back side. These four third ribs 60 have substantially the same height h3 and have a height larger than the height h2 of the fourth rib 70 described later (see FIG. 3).

  The fourth rib 70 is disposed at the center of each side of the fourth imaginary line L4 having a predetermined interval inside the third rib 60 disposed in a square shape and integrated with the substrate portion 22. Is formed. That is, the four fourth ribs 70 are arranged at equal intervals around the central axis S that is orthogonal to the central portion of the inner surface of the substrate portion 22. For this reason, a space 71 is formed between the adjacent fourth ribs 70, and the third ribs 60 do not contact the fourth ribs 70 when the third ribs 60 are buckled. The fourth rib 70 has a fourth flat surface portion 70 a extending in a direction orthogonal to the back surface of the substrate portion 22, and both sides in the width direction of the fourth flat surface portion 70 a are bent toward the central portion side of the back surface of the substrate portion 22 to increase the strength. We are trying to increase. A connecting member 72 connected to the root portion 70b of the fourth flat surface portion 70a of another adjacent fourth rib 70 is connected to the root portion 70b of the fourth flat surface portion 70a of the fourth rib 70. The connecting member 72 is disposed along the fourth imaginary line L4 and is integrally connected to the back surface of the substrate unit 22. For this reason, since the base part 70b of the 4th rib 70 is reinforced through the connection member 72, even if a compressive load acts on the longitudinal direction of the 4th rib 70, the 4th rib 70 bends from the root part 70b. There is nothing. Since the fourth rib 70 has a large length with respect to the thickness of the fourth flat surface portion 70 a, when a compressive load is applied to the fourth rib 70, the fourth rib 70 is buckled at the intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction, and the substrate portion 22. It bends to the center side of the back. For this reason, the fourth rib 70 does not contact the third rib 60 when the fourth rib 70 is buckled. These four fourth ribs 70 have substantially the same height h4, and have a height smaller than the height h3 of the third rib 60 described above (see FIG. 3).

  Thus, the 1st rib 41 of the rib 40, the 2nd rib 50, the 3rd rib 60, and the 4th rib 70 do not mutually contact at the time of buckling, and the height of each rib is different. For this reason, when a compressive load is applied to the rib 40, the first rib 41 having the highest height first buckles, then the second rib 50 buckles, then the third rib 60 buckles, and finally The fourth rib 70 buckles.

  FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the load (F) at which the shock absorber 20 is crushed and the displacement (S) of the shock absorber 20 when a compressive load is applied to the shock absorber 20. In the shock absorber 20, the compression load does not act on all of the first rib 41 to the fourth rib 70 at the same time, but the first rib 41 is deformed first, so as shown in FIG. When a compressive load is applied to the body 20, the rising speed until the first rib 41 is first deformed to generate a constant load (F) (dashed line in FIG. 5) can be increased. Further, when a compressive load is applied to the shock absorber 20, the ribs are buckled one after another from a high height, so that the magnitude of the load by which the shock absorber 20 is crushed with respect to the deformation of the shock absorber 20 can be made substantially constant. .

  Accordingly, when a force in the compression direction acts on the lower limb of an occupant seated in the driver's seat at the time of a frontal collision of the automobile, the shock absorber 20 is crushed by a substantially constant load (F), so the force in the compression direction of the lower limb is substantially constant. Act on. For this reason, the possibility that the injury value to the lower limbs may increase rapidly can be eliminated.

  FIG. 6A shows a side view of the shock absorber 20 when the compressive load S acts from a direction obliquely shifted with respect to the upper surface of the shock absorber 20. In this case, as indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 6B, the initial load F is affected by the impact of the sole of the sole, and the compressive load as indicated by the solid line in FIG. It can be seen that the shock absorber 20 is stably deformed with a constant load after that although it becomes smaller than the case of acting in a substantially vertical direction with respect to the upper surface. For this reason, even when the action direction of the compressive load S acting on the shock absorber 20 is deviated, it is possible to eliminate the possibility that the injury value to the lower limbs suddenly increases.

  In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the shock absorber 20 is installed on the floor surface in front of the driver's seat has been described. However, the shock absorber 20 may be installed on the floor surface in front of the passenger seat.

  In the above-described embodiment, the first rib 41, the second rib 50, the third rib 60, the root portion 41b of the third rib 70, the root portion 50b, the root portion 60b, and the adjacent root as a means for reinforcing the root portion 70b. Although the connecting members 43, 52, 62, and 72 that connect the parts are shown, a member that reinforces the base part of each rib may be provided.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Car 20 Shock absorber 22 Board | substrate part 41 1st rib (rib)
41b, 50b, 60b, 70b Root part 43, 52, 62, 72 Connecting member (reinforcing member)
50 Second rib (rib)
60 Third rib (rib)
70 4th rib

Claims (3)

A shock absorber installed on the floor surface forming the foot of a car seat,
A plate-like substrate portion;
A plurality of ribs having different heights protruding from one surface of the substrate portion;
The plurality of ribs are arranged at positions that do not interfere with each other after being compressed and deformed ,
The ribs having the same height among the plurality of ribs are provided at an even number of at least 4 or more,
The even number of ribs having the same height are arranged at equal intervals around a central axis perpendicular to one surface of the substrate portion . 2. The impact according to claim 1, wherein a reinforcing member is provided at a base portion of the plurality of ribs on a substrate portion side so that the base portion does not bend when the rib is compressed and deformed. Absorber. The shock absorber according to claim 2, wherein the reinforcing member is a connecting member that connects a root portion of the rib and a root portion of another rib adjacent to the rib.

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