JP5980492B2 - Sliding member - Google Patents
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- JP5980492B2 JP5980492B2 JP2011233891A JP2011233891A JP5980492B2 JP 5980492 B2 JP5980492 B2 JP 5980492B2 JP 2011233891 A JP2011233891 A JP 2011233891A JP 2011233891 A JP2011233891 A JP 2011233891A JP 5980492 B2 JP5980492 B2 JP 5980492B2
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- graphite
- sliding member
- copper alloy
- recesses
- friction
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004299 exfoliation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004439 roughness measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102200082816 rs34868397 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Description
この発明は、摺動部材に関する。 The present invention relates to a sliding member.
軸受材料などの摺動部材として、固体潤滑剤となる黒鉛を用いた銅合金を使うことが知られている。例えば、特許文献１には、銅基焼結合金製軸受を製造するにあたって、銅をコーティングした塊状グラファイトを配合し、軸受の表面に塊状グラファイトを分散配置させる方法が記載されている。また、特許文献２には、金属基体の表面に形成された孔などの凹部に、黒鉛を主体とする棒状の固体潤滑剤を、珪酸ナトリウムを介することで埋設させ、黒鉛と珪酸ナトリウムの両方を固体潤滑剤として機能させる旨が記載されている。 As a sliding member such as a bearing material, it is known to use a copper alloy using graphite as a solid lubricant. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a method of blending massive graphite coated with copper and dispersing massive graphite on the surface of a bearing when manufacturing a copper-based sintered alloy bearing. Patent Document 2 discloses that a bar-shaped solid lubricant mainly composed of graphite is embedded in a recess such as a hole formed on the surface of a metal substrate through sodium silicate, and both graphite and sodium silicate are contained. It describes that it functions as a solid lubricant.
しかしながら、特許文献１の方法では、焼結合金内に意図的に大量の異物を配合することになるため、銅コーティングによって劈開こそしにくいものの、全体的な強度の低下は避けられなかった。また、特許文献２の方法では、孔などの凹部に合わせた形状の黒鉛を主体とする固体潤滑剤を準備する必要があるだけでなく、珪酸ナトリウムを接着剤として黒鉛を接着させるため、２００℃ほどでの乾燥処理が必要であった（特許文献２［００１７］）。さらに、接着された黒鉛を主体とする固体潤滑剤は、摺動面にｍｍオーダーで分布しているため、固体潤滑剤が少ない箇所もｍｍオーダーで多数存在してしまい、その摺動部材に接する被摺動部材には、ｍｍオーダーでの不連続な固体潤滑領域が発生してしまうという問題があった。 However, in the method of Patent Document 1, since a large amount of foreign matter is intentionally mixed in the sintered alloy, although it is difficult to cleave with the copper coating, a decrease in the overall strength is inevitable. Further, in the method of Patent Document 2, it is necessary not only to prepare a solid lubricant mainly composed of graphite having a shape matched to a recess such as a hole, but also to adhere graphite using sodium silicate as an adhesive. The drying process was required (Patent Document 2 [0017]). Furthermore, since the solid lubricant mainly composed of adhered graphite is distributed on the sliding surface in the order of mm, there are a large number of places where the solid lubricant is small in the order of mm and is in contact with the sliding member. The sliding member has a problem that a discontinuous solid lubricating region in the order of mm occurs.
そこでこの発明は、銅合金製の摺動部材を製造するにあたり、強度の低下を起こすことなく、また、接着や乾燥などの処理を行う必要なく、かつ、不連続面を発生させないように、摺動部材表面に黒鉛を配することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention provides a sliding member that does not cause a decrease in strength, does not require a treatment such as adhesion or drying, and does not generate a discontinuous surface when manufacturing a sliding member made of a copper alloy. It aims at arranging graphite on the moving member surface.
この発明は、摺動面において凹部が占める面積比率が２％以上であり、その凹部の表面における大きさの平均が５μｍ以上、７５μｍ以下となるよう形成させた摺動部材に対して、その凹部に黒鉛を保持させることによって上記の課題を解決したのである。 The present invention relates to a sliding member formed such that the area ratio occupied by the recesses on the sliding surface is 2% or more and the average size of the recesses on the surface is 5 μm or more and 75 μm or less. The above-mentioned problem has been solved by retaining graphite.
保持させる方法としては、黒鉛の薄い剥離片が凹部に収まるのであればよく、例えば、摺動面に直接に黒鉛の塊を圧接しながら動かすといったことによって、表面の凹部内に黒鉛の塊の一部が剥離されて付着すれば、それだけで静電的に黒鉛を保持することができる。 As a method of holding, it is only necessary that a thin exfoliated piece of graphite fits in the recess. For example, by moving the graphite lump directly in contact with the sliding surface, If the part peels off and adheres, the graphite can be held electrostatically by itself.
凹部としては、焼結の際に残存する空隙由来の気孔でもよいし、一旦製造した摺動部材の表面に硬度の高い粒子を当てディンプルを形成させる方法等の、一般的な機械加工（研削、旋削、ショット）で凹部を意図的に形成させても良い。 The recess may be pores derived from voids remaining during sintering, or general machining (grinding, etc.) such as a method of forming dimples by applying particles with high hardness to the surface of the sliding member once manufactured. The recess may be intentionally formed by turning or shot).
適切な大きさで、かつ適切な占有率を占めるように形成された凹部に、後から黒鉛を保持させることによって、部材自体の強度低下を起こすことなく、表面に黒鉛を配することができる。大きさと占有率さえ適切であれば、黒鉛は銅合金に対して、その他の接着成分を使わなくても付着させた状態を保持できるので、余分な処理は必要なく、かつ、接着剤を用いる場合よりも高い均一性をもって配置させることができる。 By holding graphite in a recess that is formed in an appropriate size and occupying an appropriate occupation ratio, the graphite can be arranged on the surface without causing a decrease in strength of the member itself. As long as the size and occupancy are appropriate, graphite can remain attached to the copper alloy without the use of other adhesive components, so no extra processing is required and the adhesive is used. Can be arranged with higher uniformity.
この発明により、銅合金製の部材から、強度低下を起こすことなく、また、接着や乾燥などの処理を行う必要なく、かつ、不連続面の発生を抑制しながら、表面に黒鉛を配した有用な銅合金製摺動部材を得ることができる。 According to this invention, it is useful to arrange graphite on the surface from a copper alloy member without causing a decrease in strength, without needing to perform treatment such as adhesion and drying, and suppressing the occurrence of discontinuous surfaces. A copper alloy sliding member can be obtained.
さらにより好適には、この発明の条件下で銅合金の表面に配した黒鉛が固体潤滑剤として作用することにより、その摺動部材は潤滑油の供給がない、いわゆる無給油の状態で使用を続けることもできる。 Even more preferably, the graphite disposed on the surface of the copper alloy acts as a solid lubricant under the conditions of the present invention, so that the sliding member is used in a so-called oil-free state in which there is no supply of lubricant. You can continue.
以下、この発明について具体的に説明する。この発明は、表面に保持させた黒鉛により潤滑油を供給する必要なく利用できる銅合金系の摺動部材である。ここで銅合金系であるとは、５０質量％以上が銅からなる合金であることをいい、Ｓｎを１質量％以上１５質量％以下含む青銅系銅合金でもよい。このような青銅系銅合金となる成分で焼成すると、高強度となるため好ましい。その他、Ｆｅ、Ｐなど、一般的な銅合金が含有する元素を含んでいてよい。 The present invention will be specifically described below. This invention is a copper alloy-based sliding member that can be used without the need to supply lubricating oil with graphite held on the surface. Here, copper alloy-based means that 50% by mass or more is an alloy made of copper, and may be a bronze-based copper alloy containing 1% by mass to 15% by mass of Sn. Since it will become high intensity | strength when it bakes with the component used as such a bronze-type copper alloy, it is preferable. In addition, an element contained in a general copper alloy such as Fe or P may be included.
銅合金系材料によって摺動部材の外形を形成させる方法は特に限定されない。例えば、所定の成分比で配合した粉末を、溶解した後鋳型によって冷却して形成してもよいし、粉末を固めた後に焼結させて形成させてもよい。 The method for forming the outer shape of the sliding member with the copper alloy material is not particularly limited. For example, a powder blended at a predetermined component ratio may be melted and then cooled by a mold, or may be formed by sintering after the powder is hardened.
上記凹部の形成方法は特に限定されるものではない。摺動部材の外形を形成させる際に最初から形成させてもよいし、後から外力によって追加してもよい。最初から凹部を形成させる場合は、焼結によって摺動部材を形成させると好ましい。焼結時に内部に気孔が残存し、それによって摺動部材の表面に露出した気孔による凹部を最初から形成できるので、焼結条件を適切に調整して後述する条件に適した大きさと数の凹部を形成できるようにするとよい。 The formation method of the said recessed part is not specifically limited. When the outer shape of the sliding member is formed, it may be formed from the beginning, or may be added later by an external force. When forming the recess from the beginning, it is preferable to form the sliding member by sintering. Since pores remain in the interior during sintering, and thereby recesses formed by pores exposed on the surface of the sliding member can be formed from the beginning, the size and number of recesses suitable for the conditions described later can be adjusted by appropriately adjusting the sintering conditions It is good to be able to form.
一方、外形を形成させた後に凹部を形成させる方法としては、銅合金より硬度の高い粒子を激突させて、表面に微細なディンプルとして凹部を形成させる方法が挙げられる。気孔による表面の凹部を有する摺動部材に対して、追加的にディンプルを形成させて凹部を増やしてもよい。 On the other hand, as a method of forming the recess after forming the outer shape, a method of causing a particle having a higher hardness than the copper alloy to collide and forming the recess as a fine dimple on the surface can be mentioned. The dimples may be additionally formed on the sliding member having the concave portions on the surface due to the pores to increase the concave portions.
黒鉛を保持させる時点での、摺動面において凹部が占める面積は、２％以上である必要があり、５％以上であることが好ましく、７％以上であると好ましい。また、ディンプルにより凹部を形成させた場合、凹部の深みが気孔によるものよりも浅いため、凹部が占める面積が１０％以上であると好ましい。一方で、凹部が占める率が高いほど黒鉛を保持しやすいため、摺動部材自体の強度が確保できる範囲であれば特に上限は存在しない。 The area occupied by the recesses on the sliding surface at the time of holding the graphite needs to be 2% or more, preferably 5% or more, and more preferably 7% or more. In addition, when the concave portion is formed by dimples, the depth of the concave portion is shallower than that due to the pores. On the other hand, since the higher the ratio occupied by the recesses, the easier it is to hold graphite, there is no particular upper limit as long as the strength of the sliding member itself can be secured.
上記のそれぞれの凹部の表面における大きさの平均は、５μｍ以上である必要がある。凹部が小さすぎると、黒鉛を凹部に導入することが難しくなり、形状次第では保持することも難しくなるためである。一方、７５μｍ以下である必要がある。７５μｍを超えると凹部が広すぎて、黒鉛の剥離片を保持しきれなくなるおそれがあるためである。なお、ここで表面における大きさとは、気孔による場合はそれぞれの気孔由来の凹部が表面に露出している形状の中で、隙間が連続して取れる最大の直線長さである。 The average size on the surface of each of the recesses needs to be 5 μm or more. If the recess is too small, it is difficult to introduce graphite into the recess, and depending on the shape, it is difficult to hold the graphite. On the other hand, it is necessary to be 75 μm or less. This is because if the thickness exceeds 75 μm, the recesses are too wide to hold the graphite exfoliation pieces. Here, the size on the surface is the maximum straight line length in which a gap can be continuously taken in a shape in which a concave portion derived from each pore is exposed on the surface in the case of pores.
上記の凹部に黒鉛を保持させる方法は、黒鉛の剥離片を静電的に上記凹部に導入し、保持できれば特に限定されない。ただし、接着剤によらない結合であることが望ましい。例えば、塊状の黒鉛を、上記凹部を有する摺動面に圧接させたまま摩擦することで、凹部の縁で黒鉛の塊を削り、その剥離片を凹部内に固着させる方法が挙げられる。ここで用いる黒鉛の塊は、純粋な黒鉛でなくてもよく、黒鉛を塊にするための硫黄や粘土、その他の結合成分を有していてもよい。ただし、これらの結合成分は、上記摺動面への静電的な付着に大きな影響を及ぼさないものである。また他の方法としては、液中に黒鉛の剥離片を分散させた分散液を塗布した後、溶媒を乾燥させてもよい。 The method for holding the graphite in the recess is not particularly limited as long as a graphite exfoliation piece can be electrostatically introduced and held in the recess. However, it is desirable that the bonding is not based on an adhesive. For example, there is a method in which a lump of graphite is rubbed while being brought into pressure contact with the sliding surface having the recess, so that the lump of graphite is scraped off at the edge of the recess and the peeled piece is fixed in the recess. The graphite lump used here may not be pure graphite, and may have sulfur, clay, and other binding components for lumping graphite. However, these coupling components do not significantly affect the electrostatic adhesion to the sliding surface. As another method, the solvent may be dried after applying the dispersion liquid in which the exfoliated pieces of graphite are dispersed in the liquid.
以下、この発明にかかる銅合金系摺動部材の具体的な実施例を示す。まず、試験材として、錫、鉄、硫黄、リンを含む銅合金の焼結体を作製した。作成後に測定した質量比は、Ｃｕ−１１．７１Ｓｎ−１．４２Ｆｅ−０．４１Ｓ−０．０２５Ｐであった。この焼結体は内部に気孔を有しており、その一部が表面に露出して、凹部を形成していた。測定平面における気孔の占める面積比率は７．７％であった。また、個々の凹部の表面における大きさの平均値を計算したところ、３４．１９μｍとなった。この表面の拡大写真を図１（ａ）に示す。 Specific examples of the copper alloy-based sliding member according to the present invention will be described below. First, a sintered body of a copper alloy containing tin, iron, sulfur, and phosphorus was prepared as a test material. The mass ratio measured after the preparation was Cu-11.71Sn-1.42Fe-0.41S-0.025P. This sintered body had pores inside, and a part of the sintered body was exposed on the surface to form a recess. The area ratio occupied by the pores in the measurement plane was 7.7%. Moreover, when the average value of the size in the surface of each concave part was calculated, it was 34.19 μm. An enlarged photograph of this surface is shown in FIG.
（参考例１）
＜摩擦係数試験＞
この摺動部材に黒鉛を保持させる前に摩擦係数を測定した。測定には図２に示す構造のリングオンディスク試験機を使用した。リング試験片１１は炭素鋼Ｓ４５Ｃを用いた外径φ４０×内径φ３２×厚さ１２ｍｍのリング状の試験片である。ディスク試験片１２は、上記の焼結体による試験材と、バックメタル（１２ｂ）として鋼ＳＰＨＣとを用いたバイメタルのディスクであり、外径φ５０×内径φ２８×厚さ７ｍｍである。ディスク試験片１２の焼結体側（１２ａ）の面上に、軸を合わせてリング試験片１１を乗せ、その上に円盤１３を乗せた。円盤１３の中心にボールジョイント１４を設け、その上方から５０Ｎの荷重をかけた。この荷重はボールジョイントの上方に設けた歪ゲージ１５で測定しており、荷重を維持しているか確認した。温度は２４．１℃、湿度は６５％であった。この状態でディスク試験片１２が乗る回転板１６を、リングに対して０．２ｍ／ｓとなるよう回転させ、摩擦距離が３００ｍとなるまで摩擦係数を測定した。なお、試験片間に潤滑油は供給していない。その結果を図３に示す。試験全体を通しての摩擦係数の平均値は０．１６６であった。また、終了後に削り粉等をメタノールで洗い落とした後のディスクとリングの表面写真を図１（ｂ）（ｃ）にそれぞれ示す。
(Reference Example 1)
<Friction coefficient test>
The coefficient of friction was measured before holding the graphite on the sliding member. For the measurement, a ring-on-disk tester having a structure shown in FIG. 2 was used. The ring test piece 11 is a ring-shaped test piece having an outer diameter φ40 × inner diameter φ32 × thickness 12 mm using carbon steel S45C. The disk test piece 12 is a bimetallic disk using the above-described test material made of a sintered body and steel SPHC as the back metal (12b), and has an outer diameter φ50 × inner diameter φ28 × thickness 7 mm. The ring test piece 11 was placed on the surface of the disk test piece 12 on the sintered body side (12a) with the axis aligned, and the disk 13 was placed thereon. A ball joint 14 was provided at the center of the disk 13 and a load of 50 N was applied from above. This load was measured with a strain gauge 15 provided above the ball joint, and it was confirmed whether the load was maintained. The temperature was 24.1 ° C. and the humidity was 65%. In this state, the rotating plate 16 on which the disk test piece 12 is placed is rotated with respect to the ring so as to be 0.2 m / s, and the friction coefficient is measured until the friction distance becomes 300 m. Note that no lubricating oil is supplied between the test pieces. The result is shown in FIG. The average value of the coefficient of friction throughout the test was 0.166. Moreover, the surface photograph of the disk and ring after washing off shavings etc. with methanol after completion | finish is shown to FIG.1 (b) (c), respectively.
＜体積粗さ測定＞
上記の摩擦係数試験を開始する前と、終了後とのそれぞれにおいて、ディスク試験片の表面における半径方向の一直線分に亘って、接触式粗さ計により、表面の粗さ（すなわち、高さ方向の変位）を測定し、試験の前後で摩耗により生じた表面の凹みの軸方向断面積差を算出した。この面積差を面積摩耗量とし、ディスク試験片一周分について積分して、体積摩耗量を算出したところ、５．６７ｍｍ３であった。
<Volume roughness measurement>
Before and after starting the above coefficient of friction test, the surface roughness (that is, the height direction) is measured by a contact roughness meter over a straight line in the radial direction on the surface of the disk specimen. The displacement in the axial direction of the surface depression caused by wear before and after the test was calculated. This area difference was defined as the area wear amount, and the volume wear amount was calculated by integrating the disk test piece for one round and found to be 5.67 mm 3 .
（実施例１：気孔に黒鉛を圧入）
参考例１で用いたのと同一の焼結体として作製したディスク試験片１２の表面に、黒鉛源として三菱鉛筆（株）製ｕｎｉ４．０Ｂの黒芯を当てて満遍なく摩擦させ、表面の気孔に黒鉛を導入した。この表面の拡大写真を図４（ａ）に示す。摺動面にこの黒鉛を保持させたまま、リング試験片１１と接触させて、上記の摩擦係数試験を参考例１と同様の条件で行った。その結果を図５に示す。摩擦係数は測定の終盤まで０．１を超えることがなく、最後にわずかに超えただけで、全体を通じて参考例１よりも下回った。平均摩耗係数は０．０６７であった。また、上下変動も抑えられており、気孔に保持された黒鉛が固体潤滑剤として有効に作用していることが確かめられた。終了後のディスク及びリングの表面写真をそれぞれ図４（ｂ）（ｃ）に示し、それぞれをメタノールで洗浄してグラファイトと削り粉を落とした後の表面写真を図４（ｄ）（ｅ）に示す。表面の焼き付きは見られず、摺動部材として良好に作用したことが確かめられた。
(Example 1: Press-fitting graphite into pores)
A black core of uni4.0B manufactured by Mitsubishi Pencil Co., Ltd. was applied as a graphite source to the surface of the disk test piece 12 produced as the same sintered body as that used in Reference Example 1, and rubbed evenly to the pores on the surface. Graphite was introduced. An enlarged photograph of this surface is shown in FIG. The friction coefficient test was performed under the same conditions as in Reference Example 1 by contacting the ring test piece 11 while holding the graphite on the sliding surface. The result is shown in FIG. The coefficient of friction did not exceed 0.1 until the end of the measurement, and slightly exceeded the end, and was lower than that of Reference Example 1 throughout. The average wear coefficient was 0.067. Moreover, the vertical fluctuation was also suppressed, and it was confirmed that the graphite retained in the pores effectively acted as a solid lubricant. 4 (b) and 4 (c) show the surface photographs of the disk and ring after completion, respectively, and the surface photographs after the graphite and shavings are removed by washing with methanol are shown in FIGS. 4 (d) and 4 (e). Show. No seizure of the surface was observed, and it was confirmed that it worked well as a sliding member.
また、黒鉛導入の前と、摩擦係数試験後とにおける面積摩耗量を測定し、積分して体積摩耗量を算出したところ、０．１４４ｍｍ３となり、参考例１から著しい減少を達成した。 Further, when the area wear amount before the introduction of graphite and after the friction coefficient test was measured and integrated to calculate the volume wear amount, it was 0.144 mm 3 , which was a significant reduction from Reference Example 1.
（実施例２：ディンプルに黒鉛を圧入）
参考例１で用いたのと同一の焼結体として作製したディスク試験片１２に対して、５０μｍのガラスビーズによるショットピーニング処理を行い、摺動面に多数のディンプルを形成させた。その表面写真を図６（ａ）に示す。この時のディンプルも含めた凹部の表面における大きさの平均は２８．９７μｍである。写真で観測した範囲における、ディンプル及び気孔が占める面積比率は３３．８７％であった。これに、実施例１と同様の鉛筆により黒鉛を導入した。その後の表面写真を図６（ｂ）に示す。
(Example 2: Graphite is pressed into dimples)
The disk test piece 12 produced as the same sintered body as used in Reference Example 1 was subjected to shot peening treatment with 50 μm glass beads to form a large number of dimples on the sliding surface. The surface photograph is shown in FIG. At this time, the average size of the recesses including the dimples is 28.97 μm. The area ratio occupied by dimples and pores in the range observed in the photograph was 33.87%. To this, graphite was introduced with the same pencil as in Example 1. The surface photograph after that is shown in FIG.
摺動面にこの黒鉛を保持させたまま、リング試験片１１と接触させて、上記の摩擦係数試験を参考例１と同様の条件で行った。その結果を図７に示す。摩擦係数は全体を通じて０．１を超えることなく、さらに、時間経過につれて摩擦係数が減少するという効果が見られた。平均摩耗係数は０．０４９であった。これは、ディンプルに蓄えられた黒鉛が摺動に伴ってさらに満遍なく拡散され、使用と共に平滑性がさらに向上していると考えられる。摩擦試験終了後のディスク及びリングの表面写真をそれぞれ図６（ｃ）（ｄ）に示し、それぞれをメタノールで洗浄してグラファイトと削り粉を落とした後の表面写真を図６（ｅ）（ｆ）に示す。黒鉛の量が多いために洗浄後もリングが黒くなっているが、ディスクとリングのいずれにも焼き付きによる黒変は見られなかった。 The friction coefficient test was performed under the same conditions as in Reference Example 1 by contacting the ring test piece 11 while holding the graphite on the sliding surface. The result is shown in FIG. The coefficient of friction did not exceed 0.1 throughout, and the effect of decreasing the coefficient of friction over time was observed. The average wear coefficient was 0.049. This is considered that the graphite stored in the dimples is more evenly diffused with sliding, and the smoothness is further improved with use. The surface photographs of the disk and ring after the friction test are shown in FIGS. 6 (c) and 6 (d), respectively, and the surface photographs after the graphite and shavings are removed by washing with methanol are shown in FIGS. ). The ring was black after washing because of the large amount of graphite, but no blackening due to seizure was observed in either the disk or the ring.
また、黒鉛導入の前と、摩擦係数試験の後とにおける面積摩耗量を測定し、積分して体積摩耗量を算出したところ、０．１２１ｍｍ３となり、参考例１から著しい減少を達成した。 Further, when the area wear amount before the introduction of graphite and after the friction coefficient test was measured and integrated to calculate the volume wear amount, it was 0.121 mm 3 , and a significant reduction from Reference Example 1 was achieved.
１１ リング試験片
１２ ディスク試験片
１２ａ 焼結体側
１２ｂ バックメタル側
１３ 円盤
１４ ボールジョイント
１５ 歪ゲージ
１６ 回転板
11 Ring test piece 12 Disc test piece 12a Sintered body side 12b Back metal side 13 Disk 14 Ball joint 15 Strain gauge 16 Rotating plate
Claims (4)
上記摺動面に当該銅合金より硬度の高い粒子を激突させてディンプルとして凹部を複数形成させ、上記凹部の占める面積比率が、２％以上であり、それらの凹部の表面における大きさの平均が５μｍ以上７５μｍ以下であり、それら凹部に黒鉛を保持させる銅合金系摺動部材の製造方法。 A manufacturing method of a sliding member using a copper alloy on a sliding surface,
By crashing the higher the copper alloy hardness particles on the sliding surface to form a plurality of recesses as the de Inpuru area ratio occupied by the recesses is not less than 2%, of the size at the surface of their recesses average may be 5μm or 75μm or less, the manufacturing method of the copper alloy based sliding member Ru is held graphite them concave.
上記摺動面に黒鉛の塊を圧接しながら摩擦することで、前記凹部に前記塊の剥離片を保持させた銅合金系摺動部材。 The area ratio occupied by the plurality of recesses formed on the sliding surface is 2% or more, and the average size of the recesses on the surface is 5 μm or more and 75 μm or less,
A copper alloy-based sliding member in which the lump of the lump is held in the concave portion by friction while pressing the lump of graphite against the sliding surface.
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| JP3738750B2 (en) * | 1993-03-05 | 2006-01-25 | 日本精工株式会社 | Wear-resistant sliding member |
| JPH07242986A (en) * | 1994-03-02 | 1995-09-19 | Nankou Kk | Production of oilless composite alloy |
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