JP5990982B2 - Floor drainage structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a floor drainage groove structure, and more particularly, to a floor drainage structure of a building such as a food factory that manufactures prepared vegetables and processes seafood and meat.

  Conventionally, drainage grooves for floors in food factories, etc., have been constructed by placing a bowl-shaped groove structure (drainage channel) made of metal material on the floor concrete slab and adding concrete (cinder concrete) around the groove structure Is formed by burying the groove structure in the increased concrete in a flush manner. Usually, the above-described groove structure is formed in a concave shape (a quadrangle whose upper surface is open) perpendicular to the flow direction (see Patent Document 1).

  Generally, the increased-strength concrete on the floor is cast to a thickness of 150 mm or more. This is because, from the viewpoint of facilitating the flow of drainage containing solid matter in the drainage groove and purifying the drainage groove, the water gradient of the drainage groove, in other words, the gradient along the length direction of the bottom plate of the groove structure Is set to about 1/100 to 1/75. That is, when drainage pits are installed at appropriate intervals on the floor and the length of the drainage groove is designed to be, for example, about 12 m, in order to make the slope of the drainage groove 1/100 or more, the height difference of the bottom plate of the groove structure Therefore, it is necessary to set the thickness of the increased-strength concrete as described above.

JP 2008-190186 A

  By the way, from the viewpoint of building weight reduction and construction cost reduction, there is a demand for designing a thicker concrete to be thinner. However, in order to reduce the thickness of the added concrete, the water gradient of the drainage groove must be designed to be gentle, and when the water gradient of the drainage groove is further loosened, the water breakage becomes worse and dirt remains. There is a fear.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is a drainage groove structure applied to a floor of a food factory or the like, which can design a water gradient more gently and increase the floor. An object of the present invention is to provide a floor drainage groove structure that can make the cast concrete thinner, reduce the floor weight, and reduce the construction cost.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, in the floor drainage groove structure according to the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the bottom plate perpendicular to the flow direction of the groove structure embedded in the concrete is added to the bottom of the ship where the center in the width direction falls. By forming and setting the inclination angle of the inclined surface to 1 to 10 degrees, the water drainage at the time of drainage is improved, and the water gradient is set to 1/150 to 1/200, The water level was raised to improve the flow of solids in the waste water, so that when the length of the groove structure was designed to be 12 m, for example, the thickness of the increased concrete could be set to 100 mm or less.

That is, the gist of the present invention is a drainage groove structure of a floor formed by embedding a ridge-like groove structure in an overstrike concrete on a concrete slab of a skeleton, and the groove structure is made of stainless steel and has a width. 80 to 120 mm, the length is 12 m or less, the cross-sectional shape of the bottom board orthogonal to the flow direction of the groove structure is formed into a ship bottom shape, and the inclination angles of the two inclined surfaces are set to 1 to 10 degrees. The water gradient along the length direction is set to 1/150 to 1/200, so that the thickness of the increased concrete is 100 mm or less.

  According to the floor drain groove structure according to the present invention, the bottom plate of the groove structure is formed in a ship bottom shape, the inclination angle of the inclined surface is set to 1 to 10 degrees, and the water gradient of the groove structure is 1/150. It is set to ~ 1/200, the level of the drainage flowing through the groove structure can be increased moderately, and buoyancy can be given to the solids contained in the drainage, so that the drainage can flow more smoothly. . And since the water gradient of the groove structure is set to 1/150 to 1/200 and the thickness of the additional concrete on the floor can be set to 100 mm or less, the weight of the floor can be reduced. The size of pillars and beams can be reduced, and construction costs can be reduced.

It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the main structures of the drainage structure of the floor concerning this invention from the side surface side. It is the perspective view which fractured | ruptured and showed the external appearance of the groove structure used in this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed the cross section orthogonal to the flow direction of the groove structure used in this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the shape of the bottom board of the groove structure used for the drainage experiment. It is a flowchart which shows the apparatus structure of a drainage experiment.

  An embodiment of a floor drainage structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The drainage channel structure of the present invention is applied to floors of buildings that require water washing, such as manufacturing of prepared dishes, food factories that process meat and seafood, and pharmaceutical factories.

  The drainage groove structure of the present invention is configured by embedding a ridge-like groove structure (see FIG. 2) in an increased-strength concrete (cinder concrete) on a reinforced concrete slab. As shown in FIG. 1, a floor of a factory or the like is usually configured by providing a raised portion on a concrete slab 1 as a frame. The raised portion is composed of the asphalt waterproofing layer 2 and the protective concrete 3 sequentially laminated on the upper surface of the concrete slab 1 and the increased concrete 4 further placed on the upper surface of the protective concrete.

  The thickness of the concrete slab 1 is about 150 to 200 mm, the thickness of the asphalt waterproofing layer 2 is about 2 to 5 mm, and the thickness of the protective concrete 3 is about 150 to 250 mm, although it depends on the use of the building. . The increased-strength concrete 4 is provided in order to bury the groove structure 5 in the floor and construct a drainage groove in the floor.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the groove structure 5 is a bowl-shaped formed body, and is composed of a metal material from the viewpoint of preventing deformation when the additional concrete 4 is placed and improving durability after installation. However, it is preferably made of stainless steel having corrosion resistance. As shown in FIG. 3, the cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the flow direction (length direction) of the groove structure 5 is formed into a substantially quadrangle having an open upper end.

  Specifically, the groove structure 5 includes a main body portion 50 having a concave cross section perpendicular to the flow direction, and a flange portion 51 protruding outward in a stepped manner from the upper end portion of the main body portion. The flange 51 of the groove structure 5 is provided to drop the grating 8 as a lid on the upper part of the groove structure 5. That is, the collar portion 51 includes a grating support portion 51a that projects horizontally from the upper end of the main body portion 50, and a rising portion 51b that rises from the outer edge of the grating support portion by the thickness of the grating 8. It is comprised from the edge part 51c which protruded further outward from the upper edge of the said rising part horizontally, and the front-end | tip bent downward.

  The groove structure 5 is designed to have a size that does not become an obstacle when the floor is used, can secure a sufficient amount of drainage, and allows the solid matter in the drainage to flow smoothly, although it varies depending on the installation location. It is necessary to From such a practical viewpoint, the groove width W of the groove structure 5 is normally designed to be 80 to 120 mm. Moreover, from the viewpoint of workability and the relationship between the water gradient described later and the thickness of the added concrete 4, the length of the groove structure 5 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) is usually 12 m or less, and the room It is designed appropriately according to the size.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cross-sectional shape of the bottom plate 5 c of the main body 50 perpendicular to the flow direction (length direction) of the groove structure 5 is formed in a ship bottom shape in which the center in the width direction of the bottom plate falls. The That is, the bottom board 5c of the main body 50 is composed of two inclined surfaces having downward slopes that gradually decrease from both side walls of the main body 50 toward the center of the groove width. As shown in FIG. 3, the inclination angles θ ₁ of these inclined surfaces, in other words, the inclination angles θ ₁ in the width direction of the base 5c with respect to the virtual horizontal line are ₁ to 10 degrees (tan θ ₁ = 1/50 to 9). / 50), preferably 3.4 to 5.7 degrees (tan θ ₁ = 3/50 to 5/50).

Reason for the inclination angle theta ₁ of the inclined surface of the bottom plate 5c is set to the above range is as follows. That is, for example, in food factories, wastes such as prepared vegetables, seafood, and meat are contained as solid matter in the waste water, but when the above-mentioned inclination angle θ ₁ is less than 1 degree, in other words, it is close to a flat surface. In such a case, the drainage spreads over the entire width of the bottom board 5c, so that the water drainage becomes worse and the drainage performance is lowered.

On the other hand, if the inclination angle theta ₁ of the larger than 10 degrees, while the drainage is good for the wastewater concentrated in the central portion in the width direction of the bottom plate 5c, the width direction of the side portions (main body portion of the bottom plate 5c 50), that is, the amount of water in the upper portions of both inclined surfaces is lost, and solid matter adheres at such sites. In the present invention, in relation to the water gradient of the groove structure 5 to be described later, by setting the above inclination angle θ1 to ₁ to 10 degrees, the solid matter accompanying the drainage can be smoothly retained. It can flow.

In the present invention, the groove structure 5 has a water gradient along the length direction of 1/150 to 1/200, preferably 1/180 to 200, in order to further reduce the thickness of the increased concrete 4. Is set. As shown in FIG. 1, the water gradient is a tangent of the inclination angle θ _{2 in} the length direction of the bottom 5 c of the groove structure 5 with respect to the virtual horizontal line, and the inclination angle θ ₂ is 0.38 to 0.28 degrees. , Preferably 0.32 to 0.28 degrees.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the depth H of the groove structure 5 is the height from the center of the bottom panel 5 c of the main body 50 to the upper end of the main body 50, including the allowance for dropping the grating 8. As shown in FIG. 2, the main body portion 50 of the groove structure 5 is configured such that one end in the length direction of the groove structure 5 (the right end in the drawing) and the other end in the length direction of the groove structure 5 (shown). The depth H is gradually increased toward (omitted). Thereby, the groove | channel structure 5 is provided with the above water gradients of a downward gradient toward the other end side from the one end side of a length direction. For example, when the total length of the groove structure 5 is 12 m, the depth H of the main body 50 on one end side is set to 20 mm, the depth H of the main body 50 on the other end is set to 120 mm, and the water gradient is set to 1/100. Set to

The reason for setting the water gradient (tan θ ₁ ) of the groove structure 5 to 1/150 to 1/200 is as follows. That is, when the water gradient is greater than 1/150 (in the case of a steep gradient), it is necessary to increase the thickness of the concrete 4 due to the difference in height, and only the water in the drainage flows and the solid matter flows. There is a tendency to remain easily. On the other hand, in order to make the thickness of the increased concrete 4 as thin as possible, it is preferable to set the water gradient of the groove structure 5 smaller. However, when it is smaller than 1/200 (in the case of a gentle gradient), The water depth in the groove becomes deep and buoyancy with respect to the solid matter is obtained, and the solid matter itself easily flows, but water drainage is worsened, and the manufacturing accuracy and construction accuracy of the groove constituting body 5 are further increased.

  In the present invention, the thickness of the increased concrete 4 is designed to be 100 mm or less by setting the water gradient of the groove structure 5 as described above. For example, when the water gradient is 1/200 as described above and the length of the groove structure 5 is designed to be 12 m, the thickness of the increased concrete 4 is 80 mm or more, and the length of the groove structure 5 is 10 m. In the case of designing, when the thickness of the increased concrete 4 is designed to be 70 mm or more and the length of the groove structure 5 is designed to be 5 m, the thickness of the additional concrete 4 may be secured to 45 mm or more. Note that the increased concrete 4 is placed gradually thicker as it gets away from the groove structure 5 so that drainage flows smoothly into the groove structure 5, but in the present invention, the thickness of the increased concrete 4 is increased. “Sato” refers to the minimum thickness of the increased-strength concrete 4 at the peripheral portion of the groove structure 5.

  The groove structure 5 is obtained by using a bending machine (bender processing machine) for sheet metal processing, for example, by bending a stainless steel plate having a thickness of 1.5 to 2.0 mm to produce a bowl-shaped body. It is manufactured by welding the mating portions at both ends in the length direction. In addition, although not shown in figure, the drain part for connecting the said groove | channel structure body to a drainage basin is provided in the downstream edge part (other end part) of the groove | channel structure body 5. FIG.

  In order to construct the drainage groove structure of the present invention, first, for example, an asphalt waterproof layer 2 and protective concrete 3 are laid on the upper surface of the concrete slab 1, and then a support leg (not shown) of a pillow structure that can be raised and lowered with an adjuster bolt is used. The groove structure 5 is placed on the protective concrete 3 so that the upper end of the main body 50 is horizontal. Next, the increased-strength concrete 4 is placed and cured around the groove structure 5 so as to be flush with the upper end of the groove structure 5 (the edge 51c of the flange 51). At this time, since the above-described water gradient is provided in the groove structure 5 in advance, a predetermined water gradient can be set only by embedding the groove structure 5 in the increased concrete 4 as described above.

  As described above, in the drainage groove structure according to the present invention, the bottom shape of the bottom plate 5c (bottom surface portion) perpendicular to the flow direction of the groove structure 5 embedded in the increased concrete 4 is lowered at the center in the width direction. The groove structure is formed by setting the inclination angle of the inclined surface to 1 to 10 degrees to improve the water drainability during drainage and setting the water gradient to 1/150 to 1/200. The water level in 5 was increased to improve the flow of solids in the waste water, so that the thickness of the increased concrete 4 could be set to 100 mm or less.

  In other words, in the drainage groove structure of the present invention, the water level of the drainage flowing through the groove structure 5 can be appropriately increased, and buoyancy can be imparted to the solid matter contained in the drainage. Can be shed. And since the water gradient of the groove structure 5 is set to 1/150 to 1/200 and the thickness of the additional concrete 4 of the floor can be set to 100 mm or less, the weight of the floor can be reduced, Thereby, size reduction of the pillar 6 or the beam 7 is attained, and construction cost can be reduced further. Moreover, since it is excellent in the water drainage property in the groove structure 5, and the residue of a solid substance can be reduced, cleaning is very easy.

In the drainage groove structure of the present invention, a simulated groove structure is manufactured with respect to the inclination angle θ ₁ of the inclined surface of the bottom 5c of the groove structure 5 and the water gradient (tan θ ₂ ), and water is supplied to the groove structure. While continuously supplying, the food pieces were dropped assuming solids in the wastewater discharged from the food factory, and the flow state of the food pieces in the groove structure was observed.

  As shown in FIG. 5, a running water experimental apparatus was prepared in which a simulated grooved structure 5A made of stainless steel was incorporated. The flowing water experimental device described above includes a pair of pillow-shaped mounts (not shown) that support both ends in the longitudinal direction of the groove structure 5A from below and can adjust the height of one end, and a groove structure on the mount A water tank 91 that stores water for supplying water to the body 5A, a pumping pump 92 disposed in the water tank, and water pumped up by the pumping pump is supplied to the upper end of the groove structure 5A on the gantry. A flow path 93, flow rate adjusting valves 94 and 95 and an ultrasonic flowmeter 96 disposed in the flow path, a bucket 97 with a strainer for receiving water discharged from the groove structure 5A on the gantry, The flow path 98 is configured to return the water discharged to the bucket to the water tank 91.

A plurality of the groove constituting bodies 5A are manufactured according to the difference in the shape of the bottom plate 5c, and the bottom plate 5c has a flat shape as shown in FIG. 4 (a) and a ship bottom shape as shown in FIG. 4 (b). Moreover, about the ship bottom-shaped groove structure 5A shown in FIG.4 (b), the thing whose width W is 150 mm and that whose width W is 100 mm were prepared. Groove structure 5A width W is 150mm, the tilt angle theta ₁ in the width direction of the bottom plate 5c 10 degrees, 100 mm depth H, the length was set to 12m. On the other hand, the groove structure 5A width W is 100mm, the tilt angle theta ₁ is 0 degree in the width direction of the bottom plate 5c, 1.1 degrees, 3.4 degrees, to prepare a four 5.7 degrees, both The depth H was 100 mm and the length was 12 m.

In the drainage experiment, while supplying water continuously from the flow path 93 to the groove structure 5A, a food piece was dropped on the upstream portion of the groove structure 5A, and the flow state of the fixed matter in the groove structure 5A was confirmed. . Further, the adhesion state was confirmed while changing the water gradient (tan θ ₂ ) by adjusting the height of one end side of the frame structure 5A.

  As food pieces, cut vegetables (lettuce pieces, shredded radish, shredded carrots), fish (kneaded, kelp, squid), meat (minced, pork belly), side dishes (rice, kimpi, udon) were used. (See Table 1). The amount of water supplied to the groove constituting body 5A was set to 17 liters / minute and 40 liters / minute by adjusting the valves 94 and 95 while measuring with the ultrasonic flowmeter 96. Moreover, the fall amount of said food piece was 10-15 g / min, and the drop position in 5 A of groove | channel structures was 9 places at intervals of 3 m.

  First, about the groove | channel structure 5A whose width W is 150 mm, when the food piece was poured and the adhesion condition was confirmed, the result shown in Table 1 was obtained. That is, in the groove structure 5A having a width W of 150 mm, there was a phenomenon that the water level did not reach when the food pieces were present at a high position on the bottom plate 5c (when the food pieces were bulky) and the flow was difficult to flow.

Next, when the same food piece was used for the groove structure 5A having a width W of 100 mm and the inclination angle θ1 of the bottom plate 5c of ₀ to 5.7 degrees, and its adhesion situation was confirmed, the results shown in Table 2 were obtained. was gotten.

As a result of the above experiment and observation, when the flow rate of water is 40 liters / minute, the food piece flows without adhering to and staying on the bottom plate 5c of the groove structure 5A, but when the amount of water is 17 liters / minute, adhesion of food pieces by a difference angle of inclination theta ₁ of the water gradient and Sokoban 5c groove structure 5A, difference in conditions of retention was observed. That is, about the water gradient of 5 A of groove structures, the tendency that the water level goes up and the food piece tends to flow easily is 1/20 rather than 1/100, in other words, a gentle one. Also, the inclination angle theta ₁ of the bottom plate 5c, similarly, food pieces tended being easily flow towards gentle is raised water level.

  In addition, regarding the flow state of the food pieces, when the groove structure 5A having a width W of 150 mm and the groove structure 5A having a width W of 100 mm are compared by visual observation, the groove structure 5A having a width W of 100 mm has a water level. And the flow of food pieces was clearly good.

Furthermore, the same apparatus was used and the water drainage property of 5 A of groove structures was confirmed. In the experiment, only water was allowed to flow through the groove structure 5A at a flow rate of 17 liters / minute. And the quantity of the water which remained on the surface of the bottom board 5c 12 minutes after the water discharge stop was measured. As a result, as shown in Table 3, with respect to the drainage, it is drainage of the ship bottom-like bottom plate 5c than flat bottom well, it was confirmed that the better drainage inclination angle theta ₁ is greater bottom panel 5c. In particular, when the inclination angle θ ₁ was 1/50, it was difficult for water to concentrate in the center of the bottom plate 5c, and the water drainability was poor.

As a result of the experiment as described above, the water gradient (tan θ ₂ ) of the groove structure 5 is in an appropriate range of 1/150 to 1/200, and the inclination angle θ ₁ of the bottom plate 5c is 3.4 to 5.7 degrees. (Tan θ ₁ = 3/50 to 5/50) was confirmed to be the most appropriate range.

1: Concrete slab 2: Asphalt waterproof layer 3: Protective concrete 4: Increased concrete (cinder concrete)
5: Groove structure 5A: Groove structure (for experiment)
50: body portion 51: collar portion 5c: bottom plate 6: Column 7: Beams 8: grating H: depth W of the groove structure: groove width of the groove structure theta _1: inclination angle of the width direction of the groove structure bottom plate of θ ₂ : Inclination angle in the length direction of the bottom of the groove structure

Claims (2)

This is a floor drainage groove structure formed by embedding a ridge-like groove structure in an overstrung concrete on a concrete slab, and the groove structure is made of stainless steel and has a width of 80 to 120 mm and a length of 12 m. The cross-sectional shape of the bottom board orthogonal to the flow direction of the groove structure is formed in a ship bottom shape, and the inclination angles of the two inclined surfaces are set to 1 to 10 degrees. The floor drainage structure characterized by the fact that the thickness of the increased concrete is 100 mm or less because the gradient is set to 1/150 to 1/200.   The drainage ditch structure according to claim 1, wherein the increased-strength concrete is placed through waterproof asphalt and protective concrete sequentially laminated on the upper surface of the concrete slab.

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