JP5992011B2 - Greenhouse sheet multi-layer support material - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is a technique related to a greenhouse for cultivation. In particular, the present invention relates to a technique for stretching a sheet to be stretched on the roof of an agricultural greenhouse.

Greenhouse cultivation has attracted attention and has become widespread as institutional agriculture.
In particular, there are demands for structural issues, agricultural regeneration, and competitiveness of Japanese agriculture. Agricultural Commerce and Industry Federation, Sixth Industrialization, TPP, Company entry, etc. As the industrialization of agriculture from the market, it is required to satisfy the elements such as stabilization of quality, stabilization of shipment quantity, anniversary supply. Producing agricultural products and seeing them from the supply side, if these three elements can be satisfied, stable sales (market) can be secured, and management can be stabilized. Can be expected to grow as an industry.
Greenhouse cultivation is effective as a means of planned cultivation and shipping by controlling the cultivation environment by mitigating the effects of weather fluctuations. It is one of the technically effective means to solve agricultural problems.

Conventionally, a greenhouse configured by stretching a sheet-like greenhouse film is provided with a film receiving member on its framework, and the greenhouse film is pressed and fixed on the film receiving member by a pressing member.
Examples of the greenhouse film include a hard film such as a polyester film and a fluorine film, or a soft film such as a polyolefin film such as a vinyl chloride film and a PET film. Each is used according to its characteristics.

Greenhouses with single, double, or triple film sheets have been proposed. Various means for stretching the film sheet have been proposed.
For example, a horizontal frame is placed on a C-shaped channel, which is a frame of a greenhouse, in a direction crossing this, and this horizontal frame constitutes a sheet stopper having a groove formed by two protruding pieces. A sheet stretching method is used in which a hard sheet is placed on the sheet stopper, a pressing member is placed thereon, and the sheet stopper is fixed to the stopper using a screw.
Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-123059) includes a sandwiching portion that is wider than the sheet receiving surface of the sheet receiving member, and a pressing leg that presses the sheet when the sheet is sandwiched. The protruding height of the pressing leg with respect to the sandwiched portion is set to a height that gives an elongation rate of 0.7% or more to the sheet when the sheet is sandwiched. Even when the sheet is stretched in the winter, the sheet stretches due to thermal expansion in the summer and is absorbed by the stretch applied to the sheet when the sheet is stretched. A fixture using a holding member for a greenhouse sheet that prevents sagging is disclosed. This pressing member prevents the sheet from sagging and sagging even when the temperature rises in the operating temperature range while using a sheet made of a fluorine resin film that allows the natural light of the sun to pass through and has good weather resistance. It is stated that it can be done.
In Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-14656), in the cross-sectional structure of the film fixing member of the film fixing jig attached to the framework of the facility horticulture house, the width / depth ratio is in the range of 1-10. A film fixing member is disclosed. It is described that the film fixing member can be stretched and fixed uniformly over a long period of time without wrinkles occurring on the entire agricultural film.
The introduction of these introduced sheets is a method suitable mainly for hard sheets such as fluororesin sheets. In order to absorb the elongation due to seasonal temperature changes, a pressing member with leg pieces that are forcibly extended at the time of construction is used, and fixing means that absorbs the elongation due to high temperature is adopted.

Patent Document 3 (Utility Model Registration No. 3151889) discloses an invention in which two layers of film sheets are stretched between a lower layer and an upper layer. When forming in one layer, the upper film sheet fixing mechanism is adopted, and the lower film sheet layer adopts another structure of film sheet fixing mechanism. That is, the two-layer structure according to FIG. 3 of Patent Document 3 is as follows.
A lower film fixture having a substantially concave cross section formed on the channel material with a narrow upper opening is fixed with a screw, a transparent film 7 is stretched over this, and the film 7 is inserted into the rail groove to corrugate. The lower film layer is formed by pressing with the presser spring. After this, attach the upper film fixing device on the lower film fixing device with a screw, and then stretch the transparent film over the rail, insert the film into the rail groove, and use the corrugated presser spring. Press to form the upper film layer. Thereafter, the presser cover is put on and locked to the upper film fixing tool. This structure has a two-layer structure of upper and lower film layers, and a heat insulating space 23 is formed between them, so that the heat insulating effect is excellent even in summer when the temperature is high, and a small cooling device is installed. In addition, a sufficient cooling effect can be obtained, and energy can be greatly saved even in winter when the temperature is low. Furthermore, since the heat insulating space is formed, the occurrence of condensation on the inner surface of the upper film layer is reduced, and the incidence of sunlight is less likely to be hindered. Further, when air is supplied from the pump (not shown) into the heat insulating space, it is possible to prevent the presser cover from coming off due to an increase in internal pressure. Furthermore, an existing house having a single-layer roof surface can be easily modified to a two-layer structure by attaching an upper film pressing member.
In Patent Document 4 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-330213), a “U” -shaped support material having an opening on the lower side is attached to the preceding film sheet fixture above the roof on which the film sheet is adjusted. A multi-layered invention is disclosed in which a rectangular unit panel having three layers of films is provided. FIG. 5 shows the prior invention described in this patent document. In addition, this FIG. 5 quotes publication of patent document 4, Comprising: The code | symbol is the said literature display as it is, It is not related to the code | symbol of this invention.

  Patent Document 5 (Utility Model Registration No. 3155526) discloses a hanging lumber fixed to a main building material and a crosspiece by screws, a multi-layer pressing member fixed to the upper portion of the hanging lumber by screws, An invention has been disclosed in which a hard film is double-stretched using a double-tensioned fixing member made of a presser material fixed with screws on a multi-layer presser material. The existing single layer has no multi-layer presser material, and has a structure in which a film sheet is placed on top of hanging lumber and the presser material is screwed. When making an existing house multi-layered, remove the presser material. It is disclosed that an inner surface side film is stretched through a multilayer pressing material, an outer surface side film is set, and the pressing material and the multilayer pressing material are stretched. The prior invention described in this patent document is shown in FIG. In addition, this FIG. 6 quotes publication of patent document 5, Comprising: The code | symbol is the said literature display as it is, It is unrelated to the code | symbol of this invention.

The space between the layers formed by stretching film sheets in such a double or triple manner exhibits a heat insulating function, and serves as an energy efficiency, environmental control, and dew condensation countermeasure.
Patent Document 6 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2010-124717) discloses a greenhouse in which a film sheet is stretched in three layers and two heat insulating layers are formed. A fixed rail that supports the film sheet is provided in three stages on a frame that is a framework such as a roof, the film sheet is stretched on each stage, a film pressing cover is provided on the top, and fastened with screws. This document describes that it can be applied to existing greenhouses as well as new greenhouses. However, the film holding cover is removed once, and a fixed rail with the same structure as the lower layer is directly attached to it. is there.
Patent Documents 4, 5, and 6 also describe that an existing greenhouse can be modified, but these require at least the work of removing the uppermost film sheet pressing cover of the existing sheet tension.

  A technology for duplicating existing greenhouse sheets has been proposed in which the sheet presser is removed and built on top of it. The work of removing the film sheet pressing cover increases the amount of unstable scaffolding work, and there is a risk of damaging the existing film sheet. The removal work not only requires a work process but also has a risk of damage, and is an increase factor in terms of construction period and cost.

JP-A-5-123059 JP-A-6-14656 Utility Model Registration No. 3151889 JP 2007-330213 A Utility Model Registration No. 3155526 JP 2010-124717 A

  An object of this invention is to provide the support material used when extending a film sheet newly on the film sheet of the existing greenhouse.

1. A multi-layered support material comprising a base part, a columnar part, and a sheet receiving part,
Multi-layered support material is in cross-sectional shape,
The base part is composed of a plate-shaped widening member having a curved space below,
The columnar part is made up of left and right plate-like wall materials that are erected on the base part with the rising pieces facing each other, with a groove formed in the center part,
The sheet receiving part is continuous from the left and right wall materials forming the columnar part, has a larger interval than the groove in the center part, and the upper end part constitutes a receiving part that supports the sheet,
The curved space of the base is formed to have a size that covers the sheet pressing material of the existing sheet fixing tool in the greenhouse, and accommodates the screw head protruding on the surface of the sheet pressing material of the existing sheet fixing tool. A multi-layered support material comprising: a central curved portion formed in a size; and a receiving curved portion that abuts against a side edge of an existing sheet pressing member formed continuously with the central curved portion. .
2. A plurality of shallow grooves are formed on the inner surface of the base portion constituting the curved space . The multilayered support material described.
3 . The interval between the sheet receiving portions is larger than the width of the head portion of the screw, and the groove of the columnar portion is set smaller than the diameter of the screw portion of the screw. Or 2. A multilayered support material as described in 1.
4 . 1. It is an extruded aluminum material. ~ 3. A multilayered support material according to any one of the above.
5 . 1. ~ 4. A sheet fixture comprising the multilayered support material according to any one of the above, and a sheet pressing material that is crowned above the support material,
A sheet fixing tool comprising: a sheet pressing member having a lower surface larger than an outer shape of a sheet receiving portion of a multilayered support material in a cross-sectional shape, and leg portions bent downward on both sides.

6 . A remodeling method of a greenhouse in which a sheet is newly stretched on an existing sheet stretching greenhouse,
On the existing sheet presser 1. ~ 4. 4. A support material according to any one of the above items is fixed with screws, a new sheet is placed on the support material, and 5. A method for remodeling a greenhouse characterized by covering the sheet pressing material described above and fixing the sheet pressing material with screws.

By using the multilayered support material of the present invention, a film sheet can be newly stretched on an existing greenhouse film sheet. In particular, it can be newly installed without removing the existing structure.
Since the lower edge of the multi-layered support material of the present invention is formed in the curved portion, it can be crowned on various existing sheet fixtures, fixed at three points by the left and right contact portions and screws, Stable fixation can be realized. Since the central curve and the receiving curve are formed on the outside thereof, it is possible to cope with existing sheet pressing members having different sizes. Furthermore, the lower edge formed with a plurality of shallow grooves can hold the existing sheet press firmly. The formation range of the groove can be arbitrarily set from a part of the lower edge to the whole.
That is, according to the present invention, the center portion of the base portion can accommodate the screw heads appearing on the surface of the existing sheet fixture, and the curved portions formed on both sides thereof are existing sheet pressing members having different sizes. Can be abutted against the side of the sheet, and can be used for various types of sheet fixtures.
In particular, an old-style greenhouse with one sheet is made into two layers to form a heat insulation layer, which is remodeled into a greenhouse that is easy to save energy, eliminate condensation, and control the environment. For example, a hard sheet has a life of about 10 years, and has been multi-layered according to the time of this replacement, but the present invention provides a technique that can be modified even in less than 10 years. As a result, the cultivation cost can be reduced and the year-round cultivation can be promoted to contribute to the industrialization and strengthening of competitiveness in Japanese agriculture.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a multilayered support material of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows an example of existing sheet stretching. FIG. 3 shows an example of use of the multilayered support material of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a general example of construction for laying a sheet. FIG. 5 shows an example of a multilayer structure disclosed in Patent Document 4 as a conventional example. FIG. 6 shows an example of a multilayer structure disclosed in Patent Document 5 as a conventional example.

The present invention is a multi-layered support material serving as a receiving frame for a new sheet used when a new sheet is laid on an existing greenhouse sheet. It consists of three parts: a base part, a columnar part, and a sheet receiving part. This multi-layered support material is a rafter-like long material having a common cross-sectional shape.
The base is crowned on the existing sheet fixture, the space to accommodate even if the screw head protrudes from the upper surface of the existing fixture, and the width of the sheet pressing member placed on the upper surface of the fixture A curved widened portion having a larger interval is formed. It is an arch-shaped curved surface as a whole, and even if there is a difference or deformation in the shape and size of the existing fixture, it can flexibly respond and can come into contact with both sides. Moreover, a screw is driven in from above and fixed to an existing fixture. Due to the contact on both sides and the three-point support by screws, the multilayered support material of the present invention exhibits a strong and stable support force.
The columnar part is a continuous wall provided on the base part and having a height that secures the thickness of the heat insulating layer to be formed. Two plate-like bodies are arranged at an interval. The interval is set to be smaller than the diameter of the screw thread portion of the screw, and the outer width is larger than the diameter of the screw portion of the driven screw.
The sheet receiving part is composed of two plate-like members that are continuous from the columnar part, the upper part having an opening that is bent and widened from the upper end of the columnar part is opened, and the upper surface constitutes the sheet receiving part. The distance between the openings is set to a width that accommodates the head of the screw to be driven. A screw is driven into this opening to bring the head into contact with the bent portion. The screw portion of the screw passes between the grooves of the columnar portion and penetrates the existing sheet fixture, thereby fixing the multilayered support material to the existing fixture. The sheet receiving portion is formed smoothly so as not to damage the sheet, and has an appropriate shape such as a rounded surface or a chamfered flat surface.
Furthermore, a seat fixture to be newly provided is configured in combination with a sheet pressing member (seat cover) having legs bent downward on both sides. A new sheet is placed on the multilayered support material, the sheet pressing material is crowned, and screws are driven from above to integrate the sheet pressing material with the multilayered support material. A central lower portion of the sheet pressing member can be provided with a protruding arc-shaped portion. The sheet that is in contact with the sheet receiving surface of the multi-layered support material by this projecting arc-shaped portion is inclined downward, and the sheet passing line has an “M” shape. The sheet is bent at the upper end of the multi-layered support material and is directed downward, so that the frictional locking force acts greatly on the sheet and exhibits the function of holding and fixing the sheet. The expansion / contraction adjustment function is exhibited by stretching by the leg portion of the sheet pressing member.
In existing fixtures, by classifying types with greatly different widths and upper shapes, and arranging the modes of the support material of the present invention according to the types, it is possible to cope with existing sheet fixtures with fewer types.

The material of the multi-layered support material is an iron system such as aluminum or stainless steel. As the aluminum, a mold material formed by extrusion molding can be used. The iron system can be formed by bending. Aluminum has good accuracy. Iron-based materials have high on-site processability, and even if the existing sheet fixture is deformed, it can be dealt with by processing it at the site, for example by widening the opening.
As the sheet material, a film sheet usually used in a greenhouse can be used. The multilayered support material and the fixture of the present invention are formed in a structure suitable for a hard sheet. Specific examples of commonly used greenhouse film sheets include hard films such as polyester films and fluorine films, or soft films such as polyolefin films such as vinyl chloride films and polyethylene films.

With reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 showing an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-layered support material, the fixture and the method of use of the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 1 is an example of a multilayered support material 1. The multi-layered support material 1 is composed of a base portion 12, a columnar portion 11 provided thereon, and a sheet receiving portion 14 that is bent outward and extends upward continuously from the columnar portion 11. . The multilayered support material 1 is a long material having a common cross-sectional shape. Depending on the size and location of the greenhouse, they can be cut or directly arranged. The following description is mainly based on the cross section.

  The base portion 12 is a curved plate-like member that forms an open space below. The curved portion is formed in two steps, and a central curved space 51 is formed by the lower projecting portion 17 and the lower piece 18 bent and extended downward from the lower projecting portion 17, and the base portion 13 projecting laterally from the lower piece 18. A receiving curved space 52 is formed. The central curved space 51 has a space for accommodating the heads of screws protruding from the upper surface of the existing sheet fixture. A space formed by receiving curved spaces 52a and 52b that are provided on the left and right continuously to the central curved space 51 has an interval that contacts the upper edge of the existing fixture. When the widened lower edge 15 facing the receiving curved space of the base portion 13 is provided with serrated irregularities, the locking force increases. Concavity and convexity are effective for positioning if provided in parallel to the longitudinal direction. The serrated irregularities can be provided on a part or the whole of the curved lower edge. When it exists in the part which contacts the side edge part of the existing sheet | seat retainer, the latching force is strong. For example, even an existing pressing member such as a sheet pressing member provided with a protrusion at the upper end used in the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1 can be firmly locked.

  The columnar part 11 is erected on the upper surface of the base part 12 with two plate-like materials spaced apart from each other. The gap between the two plate-like materials forms a groove 53 having a width slightly narrower than the diameter of the screw thread portion. The outer width of the columnar portion is set to be larger than the diameter of the screw portion inserted into the screw groove 53. The columnar part functions to support the sheet by securing the space between the heat insulating layers and to fix the screws. In addition, the screw which penetrates into this groove is a sheet to be newly laid using a screw to be driven to fix the multi-layer support material to an existing sheet fixture and a multi-layer support material of the present invention. There are two types of screws that are driven to fix the presser.

  The sheet receiving portion 14 extends continuously upward from the columnar portion 11. The upper projecting portion 16 is bent outward from the upper end of the columnar portion 11, and the upper piece 19 is bent from the upper projecting portion 16 and extends upward. The upper surface of the upper piece 19 forms a sheet receiving surface 20. The upper overhanging portion 16 constitutes a step portion that receives the head of the screw. An upper widened space 54 is formed between the plate-shaped portions and the plate-shaped material that is continuous. The space between the upper widening spaces 54 is formed larger than the diameter of the screw head. The sheet receiving surface 20 is finished to a smooth surface that does not damage the sheet. The sheet receiving surface may be formed on a curved surface or a chamfered flat surface.

The multilayered support material 1 is desirably formed integrally as a whole. It is formed in a lateral cross section that is symmetrical. The left and right members are expressed by assigning branch codes “XXa” and “XXb”, respectively.
The multilayered support material 1 is formed by extruding an aluminum material. Alternatively, it can be created by bending an iron-based plate material such as stainless steel. Aluminum is excellent in high accuracy and deformation resistance. Iron is highly flexible and has excellent on-site processability. When the existing sheet fixture is deformed, it is possible to deal with it by deforming the base.

An example in which the multilayered support material 1 of this example is used is shown in FIG. FIG. 3 shows a state where a new sheet is stretched on the existing sheet fixing shown in FIG.
The existing greenhouse shown in FIG. 2 has a fixed configuration in which a sheet A71 is placed above a rafter-shaped fixing member 2, and a sheet cover A3 is covered thereon and fixed with screws A61. The fixing member 2 includes a horizontally extending attachment piece 21 fixed to a roof member to be attached, a rising piece 22 bent upward from the attachment piece 21 and an upper surface of the rising piece 22 on the sheet receiving portion 23. Then, the locking piece portion 24 is provided so as to open obliquely from the other lower end of the rising piece portion 22. The lower end of the locking piece 24 is set at the same level as the lower surface of the mounting piece 21. The rising piece 22 is formed with a groove that opens upward, and a screw portion of the screw A is clamped and locked in the groove.
The seat cover A3 has the same structure as the seat cover B4 used in the present invention for convenience. Legs hanging downward are provided on both sides of the horizontal part, and a forcibly extending action is given to the sheet A71 at the lower end of the leg part. A convex portion is provided at the center of the lower surface of the horizontal portion, and the direction of the sheet is changed downward. A screw A is driven in from above the seat cover A3 and fixed. The screw A head 61a protrudes from the upper surface of the seat cover A3.

FIG. 3 shows a state in which the sheet B72 is newly stretched on the existing sheet stretched state.
On this seat cover A3, the multi-layered support material 1 of this embodiment is placed, and a screw portion is driven so that the screw B62 passes through the groove 53 from the upper widened space 54 and reaches the seat cover A3 and the fixing member 2. The multi-layer support 1 is fixed to an existing sheet fixture. The screw B head 62 a is in pressure contact with the upper projecting portion 16.
The sheet B72 is placed on the multilayer support material, the seat cover B4 is covered, and a screw C63 is driven and fixed to the groove 53 of the multilayer support material 1 from above. The screw C head 63a protrudes from the upper surface of the seat cover B4.
The seat cover B4 has leg portions 42 that are bent downward on both sides of the flat plate portion 41. 2 and 3 show an example in which the arc-shaped portion 43 protruding to the center of the flat plate portion 11 is formed, but it is not always necessary. The arcuate part 43 can form a slightly lower passing line to improve the frictional locking force of the sheet receiving part.
The lower surface of the flat plate portion 41 has a width for accommodating the sheet receiving surface 20 formed on the upper surfaces of the upper pieces 19a and 19b of the sheet receiving portion. The lower end of the leg portion 42 is curved outward to form a surface for guiding the sheet B72. The length that the leg portion hangs downward is the amount of forced stretching given to the sheet B. The length required for the amount of stretching can be appropriately set according to the leg length.
In the center of the upper surface of the seat cover B4, a pedestal portion that supports the screw C head 63c can be formed.
The sheet B72 is bent upward from the lower surface of the leg portion and guided toward the sheet receiving surface 20 of the multilayered support material 1 to form a passing line passing through the flat plate portion.
The heat insulating layer 8 is formed between the sheet A71 and the sheet B72.

An existing single sheet greenhouse can be converted to a two sheet greenhouse with a thermal barrier. Furthermore, it is also possible to convert to a three-layer sheet-layer greenhouse.
Since the multi-layered support material of the present embodiment forms a curved shape in which the lower surface of the base portion is opened outward, it is also applied to existing sheet covers (sheet pressing materials) having different widths. be able to. In particular, since the sawtooth parallel grooves are formed, the position can be fixed firmly without shifting. The multi-layered support material is provided with an upper widening space so that the head of the screw B can be accommodated, so that the multi-layered support material can be fixed without the head of the screw B jumping out and does not hinder the laying of the sheet B .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Multi-layered support material 11 Columnar part 12 Base part 13 Base part 14 Sheet receiving part 15 Widening lower edge part 16 Upper overhanging part 17 Lower overhanging part 18 Lower piece 19 Upper piece 20 Sheet receiving surface

2 fixing members (rafters)
21 Mounting piece 22 Standing piece 23 Sheet receiving portion 24 Locking piece

3 Seat cover A
31 Flat part 32 Leg part 33 Circular convex part

4 Seat cover B
41 Flat part 42 Leg part 43 Projection arc-shaped part

51 Central curved space 52 Receiving curved space 53 Groove 54 Upper widened space

61 Screw A
61a Screw A head 62 Screw B
62a Screw B head 63 Screw C
63a Screw C head

71 Sheet A
72 Sheet B

8 Insulation layer

Claims (6)

A multi-layered support material comprising a base part, a columnar part, and a sheet receiving part,
Multi-layered support material is in cross-sectional shape,
The base part is composed of a plate-shaped widening member having a curved space below,
The columnar part is made up of left and right plate-like wall materials that are erected on the base part with the rising pieces facing each other, with a groove formed in the center part,
The sheet receiving part is continuous from the left and right wall materials forming the columnar part, has a larger interval than the groove in the center part, and the upper end part constitutes a receiving part that supports the sheet,
The curved space of the base is formed to have a size that covers the sheet pressing material of the existing sheet fixing tool in the greenhouse, and accommodates the screw head protruding on the surface of the sheet pressing material of the existing sheet fixing tool. A multi-layered support material comprising: a central curved portion formed in a size; and a receiving curved portion that abuts against a side edge of an existing sheet pressing member formed continuously with the central curved portion. . The inner surface of the base portion constituting the curved space, multi-layered support material according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of shallow grooves are formed. The multilayer structure according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the interval between the sheet receiving portions is larger than the width of the head portion of the screw, and the groove of the columnar portion is set smaller than the diameter of the screw portion of the screw. Support material. It is an aluminum extrusion molding material, The multilayered support material in any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. A sheet fixture comprising the multi-layered support material according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and a sheet presser material covering the upper part of the support material,
A sheet fixing tool comprising: a sheet pressing member having a lower surface larger than an outer shape of a sheet receiving portion of a multilayered support material in a cross-sectional shape, and leg portions bent downward on both sides. A remodeling method of a greenhouse in which a sheet is newly stretched on an existing sheet stretching greenhouse,
The support material according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is fixed on an existing sheet press material with a screw, a new sheet is placed on the support material, and the sheet press material according to claim 5 thereon. A method for remodeling a greenhouse characterized by covering the sheet and fixing with a screw on the sheet pressing member.

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