JP6002003B2 - Valve unit for artificial dialysis machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a first valve and a second valve that communicate with one chamber of a first chamber that includes a pair of chambers, and a third valve and a fourth valve that communicate with one chamber of a second chamber that includes a pair of chambers. And a valve unit for an artificial dialysis machine.

The artificial dialysis apparatus is used to remove waste products, excess water, and the like in blood instead of the kidney by using filtration with a dialyzer (dialysis membrane) outside the body. As shown in FIG. 9, the artificial dialysis device includes a dialyzer 18, a blood pump 19, a first valve unit (first valve 12A, second valve 13A, third valve 14A, fourth valve 15A), second valve unit. (First valve 12B, second valve 13B, third valve 14B, fourth valve 15B), a first chamber 16, a second chamber 17, and a dialysate supply regeneration discharge unit 20 are known.
The dialyzer 18 is formed by bundling about 8,000 to 20,000 thin tubes made of an artificial membrane, blood and dialysate sandwich the membrane, and exchange waste products in the blood by diffusion and filtration, It is for purifying blood.
The blood pump 19 is for feeding blood from the artery to the dialyzer 18.
The first valve unit and the second valve unit are for controlling the amount of dialysate flowing to the dialyzer 18. Here, since a certain amount of blood continues to flow, it is necessary to always flow a certain amount of dialysate.
The first chamber 16 and the second chamber 17 are for temporarily storing the dialysate through the valve unit. The first chamber 16 is divided into a chamber 16C and a chamber 16D by the membrane 10, and the second chamber 17 is divided into a chamber 17C and a chamber 17D by the membrane 11.
The dialysate supply regeneration discharge unit 20 supplies fresh dialysate to the dialyzer 18 through the valve unit, regenerates the used dialysate discharged from the dialyzer 18 into fresh dialysate, and converts the used dialysate to It is for discharging.

  FIG. 9 shows the first step of the artificial dialysis machine. Used when the first valve 12A, the second valve 13B, the third valve 14A, and the fourth valve 15B are open and the second valve 13A, the first valve 12B, the fourth valve 15A, and the third valve 14B are closed The dialysate is discharged from the dialyzer 18 to the chamber 16C of the first chamber 16, and fresh dialysate is supplied from the chamber 16D to the dialyzer 18. On the other hand, in the chamber 17 </ b> D in the second chamber 17, fresh dialysate is supplied from the dialysate supply regeneration discharge unit 20. At the same time, the used dialysate in the chamber 17C is sent to the dialysate supply regeneration discharge unit 20.

  Next, the second step is shown in FIG. When the first valve 12A, the second valve 13B, the third valve 14A, and the fourth valve 15B are closed and the second valve 13A, the first valve 12B, the fourth valve 15A, and the third valve 14B are opened, the used dialysis The liquid is discharged from the dialyzer 18 to the chamber 17C of the second chamber 17, and fresh dialysate is supplied to the dialyzer 18 from the chamber 17D. On the other hand, in the chamber 16 </ b> D in the first chamber 16, fresh dialysate is supplied from the dialysate supply regeneration discharge unit 20. At the same time, the used dialysate in the chamber 16C is sent to the dialysate supply regeneration discharge unit 20.

  In the first step and the second step, the dialysate supplied into the first chamber 16 and the dialysate discharged are equal in volume, and the dialysate supplied into the second chamber 17 and the dialysate discharged are equal. Is equal. By repeating the first step and the second step alternately, a constant amount of dialysate is always supplied to the dialyzer 18.

JP 53-142382 A

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a conventional valve unit for an artificial dialysis apparatus uses two in-line type valve units 101 in which four valves are arranged in series. However, when two in-line type valve units 101 are arranged, there is a problem that the whole artificial dialysis apparatus becomes large.
In recent years, with the aging of the population, the number of patients requiring artificial dialysis has increased, and the demand for miniaturization of the artificial dialysis device has increased as the number of artificial dialysis devices has increased. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13, the applicant has devised a valve unit in which four valves are arranged in a square shape instead of in series.
Conventionally, however, there is a sufficient distance between the valve unit and the chamber, and the valve unit joint and the tube communicating with the chamber are connected using this distance. The chambers were placed closer together and could not be connected using distance. Here, as shown in FIG. 9, each of the first chamber 16 and the second chamber 17 includes two input / output ports 16E and 17E, and the center distance is set to W3 (for example, 48 mm). Since there is no allowance for the distance between the valve unit and the chamber, the joint position of the valve unit needs to be the same as the center distance W3 of the input / output port of the chamber.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 14, the applicant has two types of valves: a valve unit 102 having a fixed joint 104 on the output joint side from the center of the valve unit, and a valve unit 103 having a fixed joint 105 on the input joint side from the center. A unit was devised. The center distance of the fixed joints 104 and 105 of the valve units 102 and 103 is W2 (for example, 48 mm), which is the same as the center distance W3 of the input / output port of the chamber.

  However, it is necessary to keep stock of the two types of valve units 102 and 103, and there is a problem of increasing the cost for preparing different parts. Further, when performing maintenance of the apparatus, it is necessary to carry two types of valve units 102 and 103 even when only one of the two valve units is replaced.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the conventional valve unit for an artificial dialysis apparatus. That is, the problem is to provide a valve unit that can be handled by one type of valve unit without using two types of valve units.

In order to achieve the above object, a valve unit according to an aspect of the present invention has the following configuration.
(1) a first valve and a second valve that communicate with one chamber of a first chamber that includes a pair of chambers; a third valve and a fourth valve that communicate with one chamber of a second chamber that includes a pair of chambers; The first valve, the second valve, the third valve, and the fourth valve are sequentially arranged in a square shape in a counterclockwise direction, 1 and communicating said one chamber of the output side to the first chamber of the valve, and the first joint for communicating an input side of the second valve to said one chamber of said first chamber, said field A movable joint capable of swinging on a plane parallel to a vertical plane in the arrangement direction of the first valve and the second valve arranged in a letter shape, the output side of the fourth valve, and the second chamber the communicated to one chamber and the third valve The second joint for communicating with said one chamber of said input-side second chamber, a vertical plane parallel to the plane of the array direction of the said fourth valve which is disposed in the form of the field third valve it is swingable movable joints above characterized.

(2) In the valve unit for an artificial dialysis device described in (1), the first joint and the second joint have a first swing restriction portion and a second swing restriction portion that restrict swing. It is characterized by.

(3) In the valve unit for an artificial dialysis device described in (1) or (2), first positioning means for positioning the first joint and the second joint at a first swing position, and a second swing It has the 2nd positioning means positioned to a position, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

The present invention has the following configuration and effects as follows.
(1) a first valve and a second valve that communicate with one chamber of a first chamber that includes a pair of chambers; a third valve and a fourth valve that communicate with one chamber of a second chamber that includes a pair of chambers; The first valve, the second valve, the third valve, and the fourth valve are sequentially arranged in a square shape in a counterclockwise direction, 1 and communicating said one chamber of the output side to the first chamber of the valve, and the first joint for communicating an input side of the second valve to said one chamber of said first chamber, said field A movable joint capable of swinging on a plane parallel to a vertical plane in the arrangement direction of the first valve and the second valve arranged in a letter shape, the output side of the fourth valve, and the second chamber the communicated to one chamber and the third valve The second joint for communicating with said one chamber of said input-side second chamber, a vertical plane parallel to the plane of the array direction of the said fourth valve which is disposed in the form of the field third valve Since the movable joint is swingable at the top , after the first joint of the first valve unit is swung to the output joint side and positioned, the tube is connected to one chamber of the first chamber. After connecting and swinging and positioning the first joint of the second valve unit to the input joint side, by connecting to the tube communicating with the other chamber of the first chamber, One type of valve unit can be used.

(2) In the valve unit for an artificial dialysis device described in (1), the first joint and the second joint have a first swing restriction portion and a second swing restriction portion that restrict swing. For example, when the first joint of the valve unit is inserted into the tube communicating with the first chamber, the first joint is It can be prevented from becoming unstable and can be inserted into the tube with the other hand.

(3) In the valve unit for an artificial dialysis device described in (1) or (2), first positioning means for positioning the first joint and the second joint at a first swing position, and a second swing For example, when the first joint of the valve unit is inserted into the tube communicating with the first chamber, the first swinging position is positioned with one hand. By fixing the first joint to the main body by the first swing positioning means, it is possible to prevent the first joint from becoming unstable and to insert it into the tube with the other hand.

It is a front view (1st Embodiment) in the attachment state to the apparatus of a valve unit. It is aa sectional drawing of FIG. It is a top view of a valve unit. It is a side view of a valve unit. It is bb sectional drawing of FIG. It is cc sectional drawing (dd sectional drawing) of FIG. It is ee sectional drawing of FIG. It is a front view in the attachment state to the apparatus of a valve unit (2nd Embodiment). It is a figure which shows the 1st process of an artificial dialysis apparatus. It is a figure which shows the 2nd process of an artificial dialysis apparatus. It is a top view of the conventional serial type | mold valve unit. It is a side view of the conventional serial type | mold valve unit. It is a top view of the conventional rice field-shaped valve unit. It is a front view in the attachment state to the apparatus of the conventional square-shaped valve unit.

<Configuration of valve unit>
(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment in which a valve unit 1 for an artificial dialysis apparatus according to the present invention is embodied will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
First, the external structure of the valve unit 1 will be described. The configuration of the valve unit 1 of the present embodiment is shown in a plan view in FIG. 3 and in a side view in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the valve unit 1 includes a first valve 12, a second valve 13, a third valve 14, and a fourth valve 15 that are sequentially arranged in a square shape counterclockwise. A first joint 23 is disposed at an intermediate position between the first valve 12 and the second valve 13. A second joint 25 is disposed at an intermediate position between the third valve 14 and the fourth valve 15. On the side surface of the first valve 12, as shown in FIG. 4, a pair of wires 50 are formed at the upper portion, and the input joint 21 is formed at the lower portion. On the side surface of the second valve 13, there is a pair of wirings 50 at the top, and the output joint 22 is formed at the bottom. A pair of wirings 50 is connected to the side surfaces of the third valve 14 and the fourth valve 15, respectively.

Next, the internal structure of the valve unit 1 will be described. The bb cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 is shown in FIG. 5, and the cc cross-sectional view is shown in FIG. At this time, since the cc cross-sectional view and the dd cross-sectional view have the same configuration, components shown in the dd cross-sectional view are shown in parentheses in FIG. 6. FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line ee of FIG.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line bb of FIG. The first joint 23 includes a loading portion 23a, a collar portion 23b, a first swing restriction portion 23c, and an insertion portion 23d. The insertion portion 23a is inserted into the body 49 and is used to hold the first joint 23 rotatably. The collar portion 23 b is provided on the upper side of the insertion portion 23 a in the drawing, and prevents the first joint 23 from being detached from the body 49. A collar portion is not provided on the lower side of the insertion portion 23a in the figure. The first swing restricting portion 23 c is for restricting the rotation of the first joint 23. The insertion portion 23 d is for inserting a tube for connection to the first chamber 16.
The second joint 25 includes a loading portion 25a, a collar portion 25b, a second swing restriction portion 25c, and an insertion portion 25d. The insertion portion 25 d is for inserting a tube for connection to the second chamber 17. Since the other part of the second joint 25 has the same role as each part of the first joint 23, detailed description thereof is omitted.
The body 49 includes a hole 49a and a larger hole 49b. The insertion portion 23a is attached to the hole 49a, and the collar portion 23b is attached to the upper portion of the hole 49b in the drawing. The cover 26 is attached in contact with the outer surface of the collar portion 23 b, and the collar portion 23 b is sandwiched between the body 49 and the cover 26, thereby preventing the first joint 23 from coming off the body 49. Thereby, the first joint 23 becomes a swingable movable joint.
An O-ring 53 is attached to the groove of the insertion portion 23a to prevent the fluid from flowing out.
Since the second joint 25 can swing in the same manner as the first joint 23, the description thereof is omitted.

6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line cc of FIG. The flow path 29 of the output joint 22 is connected to the flow path 38 via the valve portion 42 of the second valve 13 by the flow path 30. Further, the flow path 29 is connected to the flow path 37 via the valve portion 47 of the third valve 14 by the flow path 31.
The valve portion 42 includes a valve seat 39, a valve body 40, and a valve chamber 41. When the coil 54 is energized, a magnetic field is generated and the plunger 43 is attracted to the fixed iron core 55. As a result, the valve body 40 is separated from the valve seat 39, and the flow path 30 communicates with the flow path 38 via the valve chamber 41. When the energization of the coil 54 is stopped, the valve element 40 comes into contact with the valve seat 39 by the spring force of the return spring 56 and the flow path 30 and the flow path 38 are shut off.
The valve portion 47 includes a valve seat 44, a valve body 45, and a valve chamber 46. When the coil 57 is energized, a magnetic field is generated, and the plunger 48 is attracted to the fixed iron core 58. As a result, the valve body 45 is separated from the valve seat 44, and the flow path 31 communicates with the flow path 37 via the valve chamber 46. When the energization of the coil 58 is stopped, the valve body 45 comes into contact with the valve seat 44 by the spring force of the return spring 59 and the flow path 31 and the flow path 37 are shut off.
The cc cross-sectional view that is a cross-sectional view at the position of the output joint 22 and the dd cross-sectional view that is a cross-sectional view at the position of the input joint 21 in FIG.
7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ee of FIG. The output side of the first valve 12 and the input side of the second valve 13 are connected by a flow path 38. A channel 35 in the first joint 23 communicating with one chamber of the first chamber 16 is connected to an intermediate position of the channel 38. The output side of the fourth valve 15 and the input side of the third valve 14 are connected by a flow path 37. A flow path 36 in the second joint 25 communicating with one chamber of the second chamber 17 is connected to an intermediate position of the flow path 37.

<Effect>
As shown in FIG. 1, the valve unit 1 is attached to the artificial dialysis apparatus in which the first valve unit 1A and the second valve unit 1B are arranged in parallel. A two-dot chain line indicates a tube 24 communicating with the input / output port 16 </ b> E of the first chamber 16.
In order to emphasize safety as a medical device, the valve unit 1 is replaced every two to three years. A method for attaching the valve unit 1 during replacement will be described.
The operator applies a force in the X direction in the drawing to the first swing restriction portion 23cA of the first valve unit 1A with one hand, swings the insertion portion 23dA toward the output joint 22A, and uses the groove shown in FIG. Positioning is performed at the second swing position by the formed second swing positioning means 28A. Next, the tube 24A communicating with the one chamber 16C (FIG. 9) of the first chamber 16 is inserted into the insertion portion 23dA with the other hand.
Subsequently, the operator applies a force in the Y direction in the drawing to the first swing restriction portion 23cB of the second valve unit 1B with one hand, and swings the insertion portion 23dB to the input joint 21B side, as shown in FIG. The first oscillating positioning means 27B formed by the indicated groove is positioned at the first oscillating position. Next, the tube 24B communicating with the other chamber 16D (FIG. 9) of the first chamber 16 is inserted into the insertion portion 23dB with the other hand.
When the tube 24 is inserted into the insertion portion 23d, the tube 24 must be bent, but it is easier to insert than the conventional joint. By pressing the first joint 23 with one hand, the operator is fixed at the first and second swing positions, and the tube 24 can be easily inserted with the other hand. Improves maintenance workability and mounting assembly.
For the second joints 25A and 25B, although not shown, a tube that communicates with the pair of chambers 17C and 17D of the second chamber 17 is inserted in the same state as the first joints 23A and 23B.
Thus, the mounting method of the valve unit 1 at the time of replacement is completed.

  The center distance between the first joint 23A of the first valve unit 1A and the first joint 23B of the second valve unit 1B is W1 (for example, 48 mm). This is the same as the center distance W3 of the input / output ports 16E and 17E of the first chamber 16 and the second chamber 17 shown in FIG. Conventionally, two types of valve units 102 and 103 were required, a valve unit 102 having a fixed joint 104 on the output joint side from the center of the valve unit and a valve unit 103 having a fixed joint 105 on the input joint side from the center. According to the present invention, one type of valve unit 1 can be used. Thereby, parts can be made common and cost reduction can be aimed at. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, a space 106 for inserting the joint directly from the lower side was necessary. However, by making the joint capable of swinging, the size of the main body can be further reduced and the weight can be reduced. Is possible. In addition, since one type of valve unit 1 can be used according to the present invention, there is no need to stock two types of valve units 102 and 103, and two types of valve units 102 and 103 can be used for maintenance of the apparatus. No need to carry around.

  The valve unit 1 that has been mounted is always supplied with a certain amount of dialysate to the dialyzer 18 by alternately repeating the first and second steps (FIGS. 9 and 10) of the artificial dialysis machine. .

As described above in detail, the valve unit 1 for an artificial dialysis device of the present invention is:
(1) A first valve 12 and a second valve 13 communicating with one chamber of a first chamber 16 having a pair of chambers, and a third valve 14 communicating with one chamber of a second chamber 17 having a pair of chambers. In the valve unit 1 for an artificial dialysis machine having the fourth valve 15 and the fourth valve 15, the first valve 12, the second valve 13, the third valve 14, and the fourth valve 15 are sequentially counterclockwise. The first joint 23 for communicating with the output side of the first valve 12 and the one chamber of the first chamber 16 is a swingable movable joint, Since the second joint 25 for communicating with the output side of the four valve 15 and the one chamber of the second chamber 17 is a swingable movable joint, the first joint of the first valve unit 1A 1 joint 23A is output After swinging and positioning on the hand 21A side, it is connected to a tube 24A communicating with one chamber 16C of the first chamber 16, and the first joint 23B of the second valve unit 1B is swinging and positioned on the input joint 22B side. Thereafter, by connecting to the tube 24B communicating with the other chamber 16D of the first chamber 16, one type of valve unit 1 can correspond to the input / output port 16E of the first chamber 16.
That is, conventionally, two types of valve units 102 and 103 had to be prepared. However, according to the present invention, one type of valve unit 1 can be used in common, and the cost can be reduced. Further, since only one type of valve unit 1 can be used for an artificial dialysis machine, there is no need to stock two types of valve units 102 and 103, and two types of valve units 102, There is no need to carry 103.

(2) In the valve unit 1 for an artificial dialysis apparatus described in (1), the first joint 23 and the second joint 25 are provided with a first swing restriction portion 23c and a second swing limit for restricting the swing. For example, when the first joint 23A of the first valve unit 1A is inserted into the tube 24A communicating with the first chamber, the first swing restriction portion 23cA is swung with one hand. By moving and positioning, the first joint 23A can be prevented from becoming unstable and can be inserted into the tube 24A with the other hand. As a result, work is facilitated and maintenance workability is improved.

(3) In the valve unit 1 for an artificial dialysis device described in (1) or (2), first positioning means 27 for positioning the first joint 23 and the second joint 25 at a first swing position; And the second positioning means 28 for positioning at the second swing position. For example, when the first joint 23A of the first valve unit 1A is inserted into the tube 24A, the first position is reached with one hand. By fixing the first joint 23A to the main body by the first positioning means 28A for positioning the first joint 23A, the first joint 23A can be prevented from becoming unstable, and can be inserted into the tube 24A with the other hand. As a result, work is facilitated and maintenance workability is improved.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 8 is a front view of the valve unit 2 of the second embodiment. The valve unit 2 of the present embodiment is different from the valve unit 1 of the first embodiment in that the first swing restriction sites 51A and 51B are fixed with bolts 52A and 52B. Other common configurations are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof is omitted as appropriate.
The first joint 23 of the valve unit 2 of the present embodiment is provided with a first swing restriction site 51. The first swing restriction portion 51 is for restricting the rotation of the first joint 23. When the first swing restriction portion 51A of the first joint 23A of the first valve unit 2A is positioned and fixed at the second swing position with the bolt 52A, the first joint 23A is inserted when the tube 24A is inserted into the first joint 23A. Is completely fixed, so you can work with only one hand. The first joint 23B of the second valve unit 2B is similarly positioned and fixed at the first swing position to complete the mounting method of the valve unit 2. At this time, the center distance of the first joints 23A and 23B is W1, which is the same as the center distance W3 of the input / output port 16E of the first chamber.

In addition, this form is only a mere illustration and does not limit this invention at all. Accordingly, the present invention can naturally be improved and modified in various ways without departing from the gist thereof.
For example, in this embodiment, it is not necessary to provide the swing limit part of the joint on the extension line of the shaft center of the joint, and consider the workability in relation to other devices in the perpendicular direction of the joint, etc. It can also be provided.
As the positioning means, in the first embodiment, the first positioning means 27 and the second positioning means 28 which are grooves are shown as the best mode. However, other than that, for example, a first positioning unit and a second positioning unit that stop the swinging of the first joint by a convex part having a height of half or more of the joint may be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Valve unit 12 1st valve 13 2nd valve 14 3rd valve 15 4th valve 16 1st chamber 17 2nd chamber 23 1st joint 23c 1st rocking | fluctuation restriction | limiting part 25 2nd joint 25c 2nd rocking | fluctuation restriction | limiting part 27 First swing positioning means 28 Second swing positioning means

Claims (3)

An artificial valve having a first valve and a second valve communicating with one chamber of a first chamber having a pair of chambers, and a third valve and a fourth valve communicating with one chamber of the second chamber having a pair of chambers In the valve unit for dialysis machines,
The first valve, the second valve, the third valve, and the fourth valve are sequentially arranged in a square shape in a counterclockwise direction;
And communicating on the one chamber of the output side to the first chamber of the first valve, and the first joint for communicating an input side of the second valve to said one chamber of said first chamber, said A movable joint capable of swinging on a plane parallel to a vertical plane in the arrangement direction of the first valve and the second valve arranged in a square shape ;
And communicating on the one chamber of the output side to the second chamber of the fourth valve, and wherein the third second joint for communicating said one chamber of the input side and the second chamber of the valve, the A movable joint capable of swinging on a plane parallel to a vertical plane of the arrangement direction of the fourth valve and the third valve arranged in a square shape ;
A valve unit for an artificial dialysis machine. In the valve unit for an artificial dialysis device according to claim 1,
The first joint and the second joint have a first rocking restriction part and a second rocking restriction part for restricting rocking;
A valve unit for an artificial dialysis machine. In the valve unit for an artificial dialysis device according to claim 1 or 2,
First positioning means for positioning the first joint and the second joint at a first swing position; and second positioning means for positioning at a second swing position;
A valve unit for an artificial dialysis machine.

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