JP6002876B2 - Marine fuel oil heating system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fuel oil heating system using a heat-medium exhaust gas economizer, and to a fuel oil heating system that enables all-voyage C heavy oil operation from departure to entry.

  In general, diesel engine fuel used in small vessels normally uses A heavy oil when entering and leaving the port to ensure good combustion by starting and stopping even when the engine is cold. Switch to C heavy oil after the warming load reaches 50% or more. When using C heavy oil, switch to A heavy oil when the load is less than 40% and run for 30 minutes or more.

  In order to use C heavy oil as a fuel for a diesel engine, it is necessary to supply it with the proper viscosity and properties. To make it suitable, the C heavy oil is heated to keep the viscosity low and supplied to the centrifuge for cleaning. In order to obtain good fuel injection and combustion, it is heated and supplied at a temperature (105 ° C. to 110 ° C.) so that the proper viscosity is 18 cSt at the engine inlet. Is heating up.

    C heavy oil is used from departure to entry, and if it is not switched to A heavy oil even when it is stopped and the stop time is within 4 to 5 hours, C fuel oil operation is possible by circulating fuel oil while it is stopped The PP system has been increasingly requested by shipowners for the purpose of saving energy and reducing the switching work of A / C heavy oil at ports.

  Conventionally, when applying a PP system, a heat medium exhaust gas economizer and a heat medium auxiliary boiler are used in combination. However, in a small ship, there is no place to install a heat medium auxiliary boiler in an engine room that does not have an area for installing a heat medium exhaust gas economizer.

In line with “Guidelines on Fuel Oil and Lubricating Oil for Coastal Ship 4 Cycle Main Engine”, FIG. 1 uses C heavy oil temperature control, and FIG. 2 uses heat medium oil heated by a conventional heat medium exhaust gas economizer as a medium. A schematic system of a fuel oil heating system when a heat medium heater is employed will be described together.

  FIG. 1 is a fuel oil temperature control chart in a small vessel. The vertical axis 1 shows the heating temperature of C heavy oil, the horizontal axis 2 shows the heating process, 65 ° C. in the C heavy oil clear tank 3 and 95 ° C. in the cleaner heater 4. The fuel oil heater 6 is 90 ° C., the fuel oil heater 6 is 113 ° C., and the engine inlet 7 is 108 ° C., starting from the C fuel oil tank 3 to the engine inlet 7 in order, and 8 and 9 are due to heat dissipation in the pipe It represents a decrease in temperature.

  A conventional fuel oil heating system for small vessels is a heat carrier exhaust gas economist that uses the exhaust heat of a diesel engine that is used in a 499-ton cargo ship (loading tonnage 1600Kt, engine 1300kW), which is a representative ship for domestic vessels. In recent years, an energy-saving heating medium heating method in which C heavy oil is heated using a heating medium oil as a heat source by a mizer has been widely employed.

  A schematic diagram of a heating medium heating system that uses heavy oil A when entering and leaving the port, and heats heavy fuel oil C using a heat medium heater that uses heat medium oil heated by a heat medium exhaust gas economizer during normal voyage. If it demonstrates in 2, a fuel oil heating system is comprised by a fuel oil cleaning system and a fuel oil supply system, and the heat-medium oil system which heats fuel oil separately is required.

  In the fuel oil cleaning system, the C fuel oil tank 10 is provided with a heating medium heater 11, and C fuel oil heated to a set temperature of 65 ° C. is supplied to a cleaner supply pump 13 through a pipe 12, The processing amount of the machine 18 is adjusted by the valve 20V, and C heavy oil that is not cleaned is returned as excess C heavy oil to the C heavy oil clarifier tank 10 via the pipe 17, and the C heavy oil to be cleaned is supplied to the cleaner supply pump 13 The C heavy oil is heated from the pipe 14 to 95 ° C. by the heating medium heater 15 and supplied to the fuel oil purifier 18 through the pipe 16. To supply.

  The C heavy oil regular tank 21 is provided with a heating medium heater 22, and the C heavy oil is heated and kept at 90 ° C. When the supply amount is larger than the fuel consumption amount, the C heavy oil clear tank 10 passes through the overflow pipe 23. Then return.

  In the fuel oil supply system, the fuel consumption of the C heavy oil in the C heavy oil regular tank 21 is supplied to the fuel oil supply pump 25 through the pipe 24, and further, the heating medium heater 27 is supplied from the fuel oil supply pump 25 through the pipe 26. Is heated to 113 ° C., connected to the diesel engine 30 via the pipe 28, and C heavy oil is supplied in a state heated to 108 ° C. corresponding to the appropriate viscosity.

  From the diesel engine 30, surplus C heavy oil obtained by subtracting the fuel consumption from the supply amount of the fuel oil supply pump 25 is supplied to the air separator 32 via the pipe 31 to separate the gas in the C heavy oil. The pipe 34 is connected to the pipe 24 and is a system in which the total amount of C heavy oil from the C heavy oil service tank 21 and C heavy oil from the air separator 32 circulates to the fuel oil supply pump 25.

  The heat transfer oil system as a heating heat source of the fuel oil passes through the exhaust gas pipe 35 from the diesel engine 30 and the exhaust gas passes through the heat medium exhaust gas economizer 36. 37, the heat medium oil circulation pump 38 is supplied to the heat medium oil circulation pump 38, and the heat medium pipe 39 branches in two directions in order of increasing heating temperature and is connected to the a port of the three-way temperature control valve 41, and the other end is the heat medium heater 27. Is connected to the b port of the three-way temperature control valve 41 from the heat medium heater 27, and the heat medium heater 27 is connected to the temperature sensor 42 provided on the pipe 28 by the C heavy oil. The flow rate of the heat transfer oil is automatically adjusted by the three-way temperature control valve 41 so that the passing temperature becomes 113 ° C., and adjusted to the set temperature.

The pipe 43 from the ab port of the three-way temperature control valve 41 is divided into two parts and connected to the a port of the three-way temperature control valve 45, and the other end is connected to the heat medium heater 15 to heat the heat medium. The heater 15 is connected to the b port of the three-way temperature control valve 45 through the pipe 44. The heating medium heater 15 is connected to the temperature sensor 19 provided in the pipe 16 with a passing temperature of C heavy oil of 95 ° C to 98 ° C. The flow rate of the heat transfer oil is automatically adjusted by the three-way temperature control valve 45 so that the temperature becomes a set temperature.

  The heat medium oil that has exited from the ab port of the three-way temperature control valve 45 passes through the heat medium heater 22 provided in the C heavy oil regular tank 21 via the heat medium pipe 46, and passes through the heat medium pipe 47. After passing through the heat medium oil heater 11 provided in the C heavy oil clear tank 10, it flows through the heat medium pipe 48 and returns to the heat medium exhaust gas economizer 36, and the heat medium oil is exhausted by the heat medium exhaust gas economizer 36. It consists of a heat medium oil circulation heating path that reheats using heat.

  This heating medium heating system is based on the assumption that fuel oil uses heavy oil A when entering and leaving the port, and heavy fuel oil C is used during normal voyages. In the heating medium heating method that heats C heavy oil, the energy saving effect is high by using exhaust heat from the diesel engine to heat C heavy oil. However, if the diesel engine is not operated, heating of C heavy oil is not possible. Is possible.

Sho-57-136335 Fuel oil heating device JP-A-9-58594 Ship fuel supply unit Patent application 2006-168094 Fuel oil supply device JP-A-7-317614 Fuel oil transfer device Registered Utility Model 3017366 Marine Fuel Supply Pump Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-32592 Fuel oil heating supply system using exhaust gas from marine diesel engine Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-116332 Fuel oil heating supply system

Merchant Ship Engine Department Design Manual Piping System Japan Society of Marine Engineers Research Committee Report No. 87, December 1978 Guidelines for Fuel Oil and Lubricating Oil for Coastal Ship 4 Cycle Main Engines Japan Marine Manufacturers Association January 2009

  Conventionally, A heavy oil was used when entering and leaving the port, and during that time, the C medium oil operation was performed at a temperature at which the heat medium oil could be used by the heat medium exhaust gas economizer.

  C heavy oil is used from departure to entry, and if it is not switched to A heavy oil even when it is stopped and the stop time is within 4 to 5 hours, C fuel oil operation is possible by circulating fuel oil while it is stopped The PP system mentioned above is energy saving and reduction of switching work of A / C heavy oil at port entry and exit.

  In order to enable the PP system in the heat medium system, a heat medium auxiliary boiler is provided, and while the heat medium exhaust gas economizer cannot be operated, a heat medium auxiliary boiler is provided to heat the heat medium oil, and C heavy oil is used. Although there is a method that makes it possible, as mentioned above, there is no place to install the heat medium exhaust gas economizer on small ships, and the conventional heat medium exhaust gas economizer requires an exhaust pipe that bypasses this and requires a large space The space-saving type in which this bypass pipe is placed in the heat-medium exhaust gas economizer was developed, and the heat-medium exhaust gas economizer aimed at saving energy became widespread. There is no state.

  In order to employ the PP system, a heat source that heats C heavy oil in a space-saving manner while the heat medium exhaust gas economizer is stopped is a problem.

In a fuel oil heating system using a heat-medium exhaust gas economizer, a heat-medium heating method using a heat-medium heater that uses heat-medium oil as a heat source is usually used during voyage, and the marine diesel engine stops or the output decreases. In the situation where the temperature of the heat transfer oil cannot heat the C heavy oil to a predetermined temperature, an electric heater is added to the heat transfer heating system using the electric power supplied from the generator as a heat source, and the C heavy oil is added to the diesel fuel. By heating the engine to a usable temperature, the marine diesel engine can be operated with C heavy oil while entering the port from the ship departure.

The C heavy oil clarification tank and the C heavy oil service tank are provided with the electric heater, the heating medium heater is provided downstream of the fuel oil supply pump, and the electric heater is provided downstream thereof, and the temperature setting value of the electric heater is set. The temperature is set lower than the set temperature of the heating medium heater, alone or in combination, C heavy oil is heated to a predetermined temperature and supplied to the diesel engine.

A cleaner supply pump having a capacity of 2.5 times or more the fuel consumption of the diesel engine is provided downstream of the outlet of the C heavy oil clarification tank, and C heavy oil is supplied to the heating medium heater and heated, and a part thereof is Return to the heavy oil C tank and heat.

  As described above, the fuel oil heating system of the present invention uses the heat medium oil heated by the heat medium exhaust gas economizer using the exhaust gas heat from the marine diesel engine as a heat source for C heavy oil heating, and the engine stops or the engine During the period when the output of the oil is reduced and the temperature of the heat transfer oil cannot heat the C heavy oil to the predetermined temperature, the C heavy oil is separately heated using an electric heater that uses the electric power supplied from the generator as a heat source. The engine can be put into a usable state, and during the voyage, the electric heater using electric power as the heat source is not automatically operated when operating in the heat medium system, and C heavy oil is used from departure to entry. It is possible and has a large energy-saving effect and a space-saving device, and there is no AC switching work. Similarly, a damper operation is not required when switching AC heavy oil when using exhaust gas, and the work is reduced. In and out of port Safety work of Zhang the time is reduced also will be improved.

The fuel oil temperature management of the fuel oil heating supply system in the conventional small ship is shown. A schematic system of a heating medium heating system that heats heating medium oil using exhaust heat of a conventional marine diesel engine and heats fuel oil using the heating medium oil as a medium will be described. 1 is a schematic system diagram of a fuel oil heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the fuel oil heating system of the present invention will be described. During the voyage, heat medium oil heated by a heat medium exhaust gas economizer using exhaust gas heat from a marine diesel engine is used as a heat source for C heavy oil heating. During the period when the engine is stopped or the output of the engine is reduced and the temperature of the heat transfer oil cannot heat the C heavy oil to a predetermined temperature, the electric power supplied from the generator is separately used as the heat source. By adding the electric heater and heating C heavy oil, C heavy oil operation can be performed from the departure to the arrival of the marine diesel engine.

  The embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the schematic system of FIG. 3. The C heavy oil in the C heavy oil storage tank 50 is piped from the C heavy oil transfer pump 51 to the C heavy oil clear tank 54 through the pipe 52, and the C The heavy oil clarifier tank 54 is provided with a high liquid level float switch 96 and a low liquid level float switch 97. When C heavy oil is consumed and the liquid level of the C heavy oil clarifier tank 54 is lowered, the low liquid level float switch 97 is activated. Then, the C heavy oil transfer pump 51 is started, the C heavy oil in the C heavy oil storage tank 50 is replenished to the C heavy oil clearing tank 54, the liquid level rises, and the high liquid level float switch 96 is activated. The heavy oil transfer pump 51 is stopped, and the C heavy oil is supplied to the C heavy oil clear tank 54 by repeating this operation.

  The C heavy oil clear tank 54 is provided with an electric heater 55 fed from a generator, and is equipped with an automatic temperature controller that turns on the power when the C heavy oil temperature is 60 ° C. and turned off at 65 ° C. Is set at a set temperature of 62.5 ° C., and the heated C heavy oil is supplied to the purifier supply pump 57 having a capacity 2.5 times the fuel consumption by the diesel engine 77 through the pipe 56, and the heat medium is supplied from the pipe 58. It is supplied to the heater 59.

  In the heating medium heater 59, the C heavy oil passing through the temperature sensor 61 provided in the middle of the pipe 60 is heated at a temperature of 95 ° C. to 98 ° C., and is branched into two directions downstream of the temperature sensor 61. The fuel oil purifier 64 is connected, the other branch pipe 62 is connected to the C heavy oil tank 54, and the C heavy oil cleaned by the fuel oil purifier 64 is supplied to the C heavy oil regular tank 67 through the pipe 65. The processing amount of the fuel oil cleaner 64 is adjusted to 1.2 times the fuel consumption of the engine 77 by a valve 66 provided in the pipe 65, and the capacity of the cleaner supply pump 57 is set in the branch pipe 62. C heavy oil heated to 95 ° C. to 98 ° C. after subtracting the treatment amount from the oil returns to the C heavy oil clear tank 54 and mixes with the C heavy oil inside to raise the temperature.

  The C heavy oil common tank 67 is provided with an electric heater 68 fed from a generator and a heat medium heater 69 to which heat medium oil is supplied. The electric heater 68 has a C heavy oil temperature of 92 ° C. Is an automatic temperature controller that is turned on at 88 ° C. and is maintained or heated at an average temperature of 90 ° C., and the heating medium heater 69 has a flow rate so that the C heavy oil temperature becomes 95 ° C. by a valve 93. When the heating oil is adjusted to the normal heating temperature, if the C heavy oil becomes higher than the set temperature 90 ° C., the electric heater 68 is not required to be supplied with power from the generator and is stopped.

  The C heavy oil cleaned by the fuel oil cleaner 64 is 1.2 times the amount consumed by the engine 77, so that the remaining 0.2 times the C heavy oil consumed by the fuel overflows at about 90 ° C. or more. The oil is returned to the C heavy oil clear tank 54 through 95, mixed with C heavy oil, and the temperature rises.

  In the present invention, the whole amount of fuel is flowed to the heating medium heater 59 by the cleaner supply pump 57 having a capacity of 2.5 times or more the fuel consumption of the engine 77, and then branched into two directions, one of which is the fuel. The oil is supplied to the oil purifier 64, and the other is heated by returning to the C heavy oil tank 754 via the pipe 62.

The C heavy oil clear tank 54 is replenished with the C heavy oil from the C heavy oil storage tank 50 at the fuel consumption V of the engine 77 at a temperature of about 30 ° C. At 3 V, the C heavy oil heated to 95 ° C. to 98 ° C. is returned, mixed and heated, and when the temperature becomes higher than the set temperature 65 ° C., the electric heater 55 stops.

  The amount of heat of C heavy oil supplied from the C heavy oil storage tank 50 is (65-35) × V = 30 V, and the amount of heat of surplus C heavy oil heated by the heating medium heater 59 from the pipe 62 is (95-65). X1.3V = 39V, the amount of heat of surplus C heavy oil in the pipe 62 increases, and the temperature of C heavy oil in the C heavy oil clarifier tank rises from 65 ° C.

From the C heavy oil common tank 67, the pipe 70 passes through the fuel oil supply pump 71, passes through the pipe 72, and is supplied to the heating medium heater 73, and is supplied to the electric heater 75 through the pipe 74. The C heavy oil heated by the heating medium heater 73 is set to a temperature of 120 ° C. of the C heavy oil passing through the temperature sensor 88 provided in the pipe 74, and the heated C heavy oil is supplied to the electric heater 75. 75 is an automatic temperature controller in which the temperature of C heavy oil is 118 ° C., the power is turned off, and the temperature is turned on at 114 ° C., and the average temperature is set to 116 ° C. and heated.

By providing the electric heater 75 downstream of the heat medium heater 73, the C heavy oil heated by the heat medium heater 73 passes through the electric heater 75 when the heat medium oil is heated and becomes in a steady operation. Thus, when the set temperature of the heating medium heater 73 is high, the electric heater 75 is naturally turned off and is in a resting state. Further, if the output of the diesel engine 77 is reduced during the operation of the heat transfer oil and the heating temperature becomes lower than the temperature of the electric heater 75, the C heavy oil is heated by the electric heater 75.

  In the heat medium oil system as a heating heat source of the fuel oil, the exhaust gas from the diesel engine 77 passes through the exhaust gas pipe 81 and passes through the heat medium exhaust gas economizer 82, and is heated by exchanging heat between the exhaust gas and the heat medium oil. The heat medium oil passes through the heat medium pipe 83 and is supplied to the heat medium oil circulation pump 84. The heat medium pipe 85 branches in two directions and is connected to the a port of the three-way temperature control valve 87, and the other end is the heat medium oil. Connected to the heater 73, passed from the heating medium heater 73 through the pipe 86, and connected to the b port of the three-way temperature control valve 87. The heating medium heater 73 is connected to a temperature sensor 88 provided on the pipe 74. The flow rate of the heat transfer oil is automatically adjusted by the three-way temperature control valve 87 so that the passing temperature of the C heavy oil becomes the set temperature.

The heat transfer oil from the ab port of the three-way temperature control valve 87 is branched in two directions by a pipe 89, one is connected to the a port of the three-way temperature control valve 91, and the other end is the heat medium heater. 59, is connected to the b port of the three-way temperature control valve 91 from the heating medium heater 59 through the pipe 90, and the heating medium heater 59 connects the temperature sensor 61 provided in the pipe 60 with C heavy oil. The flow rate of the heat transfer oil is automatically adjusted by the three-way temperature control valve 91 so that the passage temperature of the oil reaches the set temperature.

  The heat medium oil exiting from the ab port of the three-way temperature control valve 91 is heated by the heat medium heater 69 provided in the C heavy oil regular tank 67 via the heat medium pipe 92 with the valve 93 adjusted in flow rate. The temperature is adjusted to a set temperature, flows through the heat medium pipe 94, returns to the heat medium exhaust gas economizer 82, and the heat medium oil is reheated by using the heat of the exhaust gas in the heat medium exhaust gas economizer 82. It is composed of routes.

  In order to operate C heavy oil from departure to entry, the engine is stopped, the output of the engine is low, the temperature of the heat transfer oil cannot be heated to the predetermined temperature, and the normal voyage state is explained in three states To do.

  In “the diesel engine 77 is in a stopped state”, the electric heater 55 of the C heavy oil clear tank 54 and the electric heater 68 of the C heavy oil regular tank 67 are supplied with electric power from a generator and kept warm to a predetermined temperature. The diesel engine 77 is prepared so that it can be started at any time, the fuel oil supply pump 71 to the pipe 72 to the heating medium heater 73 to the pipe 74 to the electric heater 75 to the diesel engine 77 to the pipe 78 to the air. The circulation circuit of the separator 80 to the fuel oil supply pump 71 does not consume the fuel of the diesel engine 77, and the amount of heat is determined by the amount of heat radiated in the circulation circuit by the electric heater 75 which is a heat source from the generator. Insulate and heat to temperature.

  “During the state where the output of the diesel engine 77 is low and the temperature of the heat transfer oil cannot heat the C heavy oil to a predetermined temperature”, the diesel engine 77 is started and the exhaust gas from the diesel engine 77 The heat medium oil is sequentially heated by the heat medium exhaust gas economizer 82, and if the heat medium oil becomes higher than the set temperature of the heat medium oil heater 73, the C heavy oil is heated, and the electric power consumption of the electric heater 75 decreases sequentially. And if the heating temperature of C heavy oil of this heat-medium oil heater 73 turns into preset temperature, this electric heater 75 will not operate | move and electric power supply will become unnecessary.

  The C heavy oil temperature in the C heavy oil clearing tank 54 is determined by making the capacity of the purifier supply pump 57 2.5 times the fuel consumption, thereby consuming fuel from the C heavy oil storage tank 50 to the C heavy oil clearing tank 54. If the amount of heat supplied at a temperature of about 30 ° C. and the amount of heat returning through the pipe 62 is greater than the amount of heat of the C heavy oil storage tank 50 and rises above the set temperature of the C heavy oil tank 54, the electric heating The device 55 is in a dormant state and power supply is stopped.

  “During the voyage”, heating of C heavy oil is stopped automatically by the electric heaters 55, 68, 75 for heating the C heavy oil, and the exhaust gas heat from the marine diesel engine 77 is used. The C fuel oil is heated to a predetermined temperature using the heat medium oil heated by the heat medium exhaust gas economizer 82 as a heat source for heating the C fuel oil.

  As described above, in the present invention, an electric heater is added by supplying power from a generator for a limited time based on a heating medium heating method in which C heavy oil is heated to a predetermined temperature using a heating medium exhaust gas economizer. Thus, the C heavy oil can be heated to a predetermined temperature, and the fuel oil heating system that enables the C heavy oil operation from the departure port to the arrival port can be obtained.

54 C heavy oil tank 55, 68, 75 Electric heater 57 Cleaner supply pump 59, 69, 73 Heating medium heater 64 Fuel oil cleaner 66, 93 Valve 67 C heavy oil regular tank 71 Fuel oil supply pump 77 Diesel engine 80 Air separator 87, 91 Three-way valve temperature control valve 61, 88 Temperature sensor 82 Heat medium exhaust gas economizer 84 Heat medium oil circulation pump 81 Exhaust pipe 50 C heavy oil storage tank 51 C heavy oil transfer pump 52, 53, 56, 58, 60, 62, 65, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 79, 83, 85, 86, 89, 90, 92, 94 Pipe 95 Overflow pipe 96 High liquid level float switch 97 Low liquid level float switch

Claims (2)

In a fuel oil heating system using a heat-medium exhaust gas economizer, a heat-medium heating method using a heat-medium heater that uses heat-medium oil as a heat source is usually used during voyage, and the marine diesel engine stops or the output decreases. In the situation where the temperature of the heat transfer oil cannot heat the C heavy oil to a predetermined temperature, an electric heater is added to the heat transfer heating system using the electric power supplied from the generator as a heat source, and the C heavy oil is added to the diesel fuel. A fuel oil heating system characterized in that the diesel engine can be operated with C heavy oil while heating from the ship's departure port by heating to a temperature at which the engine can be used. The C heavy oil clarification tank and the C heavy oil service tank are provided with the electric heater, the heating medium heater is provided downstream of the fuel oil supply pump, and the electric heater is provided downstream thereof, and the temperature setting value of the electric heater is set. 2. The fuel oil heating system according to claim 1, wherein the fuel oil heating system is set lower than a set temperature of the heating medium heater, and is used alone or in combination to heat C heavy oil to a predetermined temperature and supply the diesel engine to the diesel engine.

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