JP6009380B2 - Filter press dehydrator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a filter press type dehydrator. More specifically, the present invention relates to a filter press-type dewatering device that dewaters a slurry to produce a dewatered cake.

  There are known dredging works carried out to secure water depth, prevent the generation of odors and protect aquatic organisms by removing sediments, garbage and sludge accumulated in harbors, lakes, rivers, ponds and digging ing. Dredged mud generated during dredging work is a liquid with a high water content and is also called dredged sludge.

  A high pressure filter press type dehydrator is used as a method for separating and reducing moisture from a stock solution (also referred to as a slurry) obtained by removing dust, stones and gravel from sludge. In the dehydration process by the high-pressure filter press dehydrator, first, a low-pressure pump with a relatively large discharge amount is started, and the slurry is transferred from the slurry tank in which the slurry is stored to the filter chamber of the high-pressure filter press dehydrator. Fill the chamber rapidly. Next, a high-pressure pump having a relatively high discharge pressure is started to drive the slurry into the filter chamber at a high pressure. By such treatment, the slurry dehydrated at high pressure in the filter chamber of the high pressure filter press dehydrator becomes a solid dehydrated cake and is discharged from the high pressure filter press dehydrator.

  Various methods for reusing dewatered cake discharged from a filter press dehydrator including a high pressure filter press dehydrator have been proposed.

  Patent Document 1 describes a technique for increasing the strength of a dehydrated cake by mixing cement, quicklime or other stabilizers in a slurry to produce a dehydrated cake. Patent Document 2 describes a technique for increasing the strength of the dehydrated cake and reducing the re-extraction of the eutrophication substance by adding powdered magnesium oxide fired to the slurry.

  Patent Documents 3 and 4 describe an apparatus for pulverizing a dewatered cake discharged from a filter press type dewatering apparatus. The apparatuses described in Patent Documents 3 and 4 crush the dehydrated cake by pressing the dehydrated cake with a large number of pressing protrusions after the dehydrated cake discharged from the filter press-type dewatering device is conveyed by a belt conveyor. Is.

  However, in the techniques described in the cited documents 1 to 4, when the dewatered cake is discharged from the filter press-type dewatering device and dropped, it is crushed into small pieces having an irregular shape. There was a problem that it was difficult to use as a recycled construction material.

  Patent Document 5 discloses a plurality of dehydrated cakes having a rectangular parallelepiped shape by applying a resin to a filter cloth or adhering a low friction material to the filter cloth after fixing a release material to the filter cloth in a streak shape. The technology of dividing into small pieces and discharging from the filter press type dehydrator is described.

Japanese Patent No. 2764645 JP 2006-692 A Japanese Patent No. 3068864 Japanese Patent No. 3068895 JP 2012-157838 A

  In the technique described in Patent Document 5, a dehydrating cake is divided into small pieces having a rectangular parallelepiped shape by disposing a release material on a filter cloth in the form of vertical stripes or horizontal stripes. By disposing the release material on the filter cloth, the surface area of the dehydrated cake in contact with the filter cloth or the release material is increased as compared with the case without the release material. When the surface area of the dewatered cake in contact with the filter cloth or release material increases, the frictional force between the dehydrated cake and the filter cloth or release material increases, and the adhesion strength between the filter cloth and the dewatered cake increases. When the adhesion strength between the filter cloth and the dehydrated cake increases, the dehydrated cake becomes difficult to peel from the filter cloth. In addition, when the release material is disposed on the filter cloth in a striped pattern, the dehydrated cake positioned above the release material is supported by the release material, and the dehydrated cake becomes more difficult to separate from the filter cloth.

  In the technique described in Patent Document 5, a dehydrated cake is easily peeled off by applying a resin to the filter cloth or sticking a low friction material to the filter cloth.

  However, when the resin is applied to the filter cloth, if the applied resin is peeled off, the dehydrated cake becomes difficult to peel from the filter cloth. For this reason, every time the applied resin is peeled off, the resin is applied to the filter cloth, and the maintenance work of the filter press type dehydrating apparatus becomes complicated. In addition, since it is not easy to determine whether or not the applied resin has been peeled off, the dehydration process may continue even after the applied resin has been peeled off. May get worse.

  In addition, when a pair of filter cloths arranged on both filter faces of the filter frame are integrally molded for each filter frame, if the low friction material is adhered to the filter cloth, the filter cloth is installed on the filter frame. The work to do becomes complicated. When a pair of filter cloths arranged on both filter faces of the filter frame are integrally molded for each filter frame, after one filter cloth is placed on one filter face, the other filter cloth is placed on the other filter face. In order to install, the operation | work which passes a filter cloth through the through-hole formed in the center part of the filter frame generate | occur | produces. However, since the diameter of the through hole formed in the filter frame is relatively small, it is not easy to pull out the filter cloth on which the low friction material is adhered to the other filter surface through the through hole.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the filter press type | formula dehydration apparatus which can grind | pulverize a dewatering cake into the small piece which has a regular shape. The present invention also provides a filter press-type dewatering device capable of easily peeling a dewatered cake from the filter cloth without employing a resin applied to the filter cloth and a low friction material adhered to the filter cloth. The purpose is to do.

  In order to achieve the above object, a filter press-type dewatering apparatus according to the present invention includes a first filter frame plate and a second filter frame plate in which the filter surfaces for filtering the slurry are arranged to face each other, and the first filter frame. The first filter cloth disposed on the filtration surface of the plate and the second filter cloth disposed on the filtration surface of the second filter frame plate are arranged in parallel to each other in the first direction at each first distance. A first linear portion disposed in parallel with each other in a second direction different from the first direction for each second distance, and the first filter A first groove forming member disposed between the frame plate and the first filter cloth; a third linear portion disposed in parallel with each other in the first direction for each first distance; A second linear portion disposed between the second filter frame plate and the second filter cloth, each having a fourth linear portion disposed in parallel with each other in the second direction every two distances. A groove forming member, Characterized in that it.

  Further, in the filter press-type dewatering device according to the present invention, the first linear portion and the third linear portion are arranged so as to be positioned at the vertices of the rectangle when viewed from the direction orthogonal to the first direction, and the second line The shape portion and the fourth linear portion are preferably arranged so as to be located at the vertex of the rectangle when viewed from the direction orthogonal to the second direction.

  In the filter press-type dewatering device according to the present invention, the first linear portion and the third linear portion are arranged in a staggered manner as viewed from a direction orthogonal to the first direction, and the second linear portion and the second linear portion The four linear portions are preferably arranged in a staggered manner as viewed from the direction orthogonal to the second direction.

  Furthermore, in the filter press-type dewatering apparatus according to the present invention, the first groove forming member is joined to the filtration surface of the first filter frame plate, and the second groove forming member is a filter of the second filter frame plate. It is preferable to be joined to the surface.

  According to the filter press type dehydrating apparatus according to the present invention, since the groove forming member is disposed between the filter frame plate and the filter cloth, the resin applied to the filter cloth and the low friction adhered to the filter cloth are provided. The dehydrated cake can be easily peeled from the filter cloth without using any material.

It is a figure which shows an example of a dehydration processing system. It is the elements on larger scale of the dehydration processing system shown in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram of a high pressure pump. It is a perspective view of an example of a filter frame. (A) is a front view of the filter frame shown in FIG. 4, (b) is a rear view of the filter frame shown in FIG. (A) is a side view of the filter frame shown in FIG. 4, and (b) is a plan view of the filter frame shown in FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view of an example of the filter frame shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the spin-drying | dehydration process of the high pressure filter press type | formula dehydrator which uses the filter frame shown in FIG. 4, (a) shows a preparatory process, (b) shows a filtration process, (c) is a residual liquid process. (D) is a figure which shows a frame opening process. It is a disassembled perspective view of the other example of a filter frame. (A) is a front view of the further another example of a filter frame, (b) is a rear view of the filter frame shown to (a). It is a figure which shows the dehydration process of the high pressure filter press type | formula dehydrator which uses the filter frame shown in FIG. 10, (a) shows a preparatory process, (b) shows a filtration process, (c) is a residual liquid process. (D) is a figure which shows a frame opening process. (A) is a side view of the dewatering cake formed at the process shown in FIG. 11, (b) is a top view of the dewatering cake shown in (a). (A) is a top view of the further another example of a filter frame, (b) is a rear view of the filter frame shown to (a).

  A dehydration processing system according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, it should be noted that the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and extends to equivalents to the invention described in the claims.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a dehydration processing system.

  The dehydration processing system 100 includes a transport / pumping unit 110, a pretreatment unit 120, a mud storage unit 130, a reaction unit 140, a high-pressure dehydration processing unit 150, and a water treatment unit 160.

  The transport / pumping unit 110 includes a clay ship 111, a clam shell 112, and a receiving device 113. The clay ship 111 carries dredged soil from the dredging point to the dehydration processing system 100. The clam shell 112 transfers the dredged material carried by the earth ship 111 to the receiving device 113. The receiving device 113 has a vibrating screen, and after removing foreign matters such as driftwood contained in the clay transferred by the clamshell 112, pretreats the clay via a belt conveyor. To the unit 120.

  The pre-processing unit 120 includes a receiving trommel 121, a gravel removal device 122, a trommel belt conveyor 123, and a gravel belt conveyor. The receiving trommel 121 has a cylindrical rotating portion, and rotates the rotating portion to remove impurities such as shells and stones that have not been removed by the clamshell 112 and stones. The gravel removing device 122 removes gravel from the dredged material by guiding the dredged material from which impurities and stones have been removed by the receiving trommel 121 onto a screen having a horizontal plane that vibrates in the vertical direction. The trommel belt conveyor 123 conveys the foreign substances and stones removed by the receiving trommel 121 to a foreign substance collection place. The gravel conveyor belt 124 conveys the gravel removed by the gravel removal device 122 to a gravel collection station.

  The mud storage unit 130 includes a plurality of concentration adjustment tanks 131 and a plurality of mud storage tanks 132. Each of the plurality of concentration adjusting tanks 131 generates muddy water by mixing dilution water supplied via a dilution water tank (not shown) and the clay from which the gravel has been removed by the gravel removing device 122. Each of the plurality of mud storage tanks 132 stores the muddy water generated in the plurality of concentration adjustment tanks 131. Each of the plurality of concentration adjusting tanks 131 and the plurality of mud storage tanks 132 has a stirrer. The stirrer rotates at a constant speed and prevents muddy water from settling.

  The reaction unit 140 includes a plurality of reaction tanks 141, a plurality of slurry tanks 142, a low-pressure pump 143, a PAC tank 144, and a slaked lime storage tank 145. In the plurality of reaction tanks 141, muddy water is transferred from the plurality of mud storage tanks 132 through pipes connected to the plurality of mud storage tanks 132, respectively. PAC (Poly Aluminum Chioride, polyaluminum chloride) is piped from the PAC tank 144 into the pipe connecting the plurality of mud storage tanks 132 and the plurality of reaction tanks 141. In addition, slaked lime is injected into each of the plurality of mud storage tanks 132 from the slaked lime storage tank 145. PAC and slaked lime are dehydration aids, and the PAC is agitation with the mud water by the stirring device inside the reaction tank 141, thereby agglomerating and agglomerating fine particles present in the mud water. In addition, slaked lime contributes to an increase in the strength of the dehydrated cake. The low pressure pump 143 is a pump having a large discharge amount but a small head, that is, a low discharge pressure, and is disposed in each of the plurality of slurry tanks 142.

  FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the high pressure dehydration processing unit 150. In FIG. 2, pipes 201 to 204 through which slurry or filtered water flows are indicated by solid lines, and pressure oil pipes 301 to 304 through which pressurized oil flows are indicated by alternate long and short dash lines.

  The high-pressure dehydration processing unit 150 includes a high-pressure pump 151, a high-pressure filter press-type dewatering device 1, a drainage tank 152, and a pressure oil device 153. The high-pressure pump 151 is a pump having a discharge amount smaller than that of the low-pressure pump 143 but having a head higher than that of the low-pressure pump 143, that is, having a discharge pressure higher than that of the low-pressure pump 143, and is arranged in series with the low-pressure pump 143. When the high-pressure pump 151 is stopped, the slurry transferred from the low-pressure pump 143 is transferred to the filter chamber of the high-pressure filter press-type dehydrator 1 without being pressurized. Further, when the high pressure pump 151 is operating, the high pressure pump 151 pressurizes the slurry transferred from the low pressure pump 143 and press-fits it into the filter chamber of the high pressure filter press type dehydrator 1.

  FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of the high-pressure pump 151. In FIG. 3, the pipe through which the slurry flows is indicated by a solid line, and the pressure oil pipe through which the pressure oil or hydraulic oil flows is indicated by a dashed line.

  The high pressure pump 151 includes a first pump chamber 154, a second pump chamber 155, a first suction valve 157a, a first discharge valve 157b, a second suction valve 157c, a second discharge valve 157d, and a metering cylinder 158. And a drive cylinder 159.

  The first pump chamber 154 includes a first hydraulic oil chamber 154p, a first intermediate chamber 154m, and a first suction / discharge chamber 154w. In the first hydraulic oil chamber 154p, hydraulic oil flows in and out in accordance with the movement of the metering cylinder 158. The first intermediate chamber 154m includes a liquid mixed with antifreeze and is adjacent to the first hydraulic oil chamber 154p and the first suction chamber 154w via a rubber film. The rubber films positioned at both ends of the first intermediate chamber 154m repeat the uneven movement according to the flow of the hydraulic oil flowing into and out of the first hydraulic oil chamber 154p. The first suction / discharge chamber 154w sucks and discharges slurry according to the movement of the rubber film positioned between the first intermediate chamber 154m.

  The second pump chamber 155 includes a second hydraulic oil chamber 155p, a second intermediate chamber 155m, and a second suction chamber 155w. In the second hydraulic oil chamber 155p, hydraulic oil flows in and out in accordance with the movement of the metering cylinder 158. The second intermediate chamber 155m contains a liquid mixed with antifreeze and is adjacent to the second hydraulic oil chamber 155p and the second suction / discharge chamber 155w via a rubber film. The rubber films positioned at both ends of the second intermediate chamber 155m repeat the uneven motion according to the flow of hydraulic oil flowing into and out of the second hydraulic fluid chamber 155p. The second suction / discharge chamber 155w sucks and discharges slurry in accordance with the movement of the rubber film positioned between the second intermediate chamber 155m.

  When the first intake valve 157a is in operation, the first intake valve 157a is controlled to open and close by a double-acting pressure oil cylinder. The first suction valve 157a is opened when slurry is sucked into the first suction chamber 154w of the first pump chamber 154, and when the slurry is discharged from the first suction chamber 154w of the first pump chamber 154. It will be closed.

  When the first discharge valve 157b is in operation, the first discharge valve 157b is controlled to open and close by a double-acting pressure oil cylinder. The first discharge valve 157b is closed when slurry is sucked into the first suction chamber 154w of the first pump chamber 154, and when the slurry is discharged from the first suction chamber 154w of the first pump chamber 154. Will be open.

  When the second intake valve 157c is in operation, the second intake valve 157c is controlled to open and close by a double-acting pressure oil cylinder. The second suction valve 157c is opened when the slurry is sucked into the second suction chamber 155w of the second pump chamber 155, and when the slurry is discharged from the second suction chamber 155w of the second pump chamber 155. Closed.

  When the second discharge valve 157d is in operation, the second discharge valve 157d is controlled to open and close by a double-acting pressure oil cylinder. The second discharge valve 157d is closed when slurry is sucked into the second suction chamber 155w of the second pump chamber 155, and when the slurry is discharged from the second suction chamber 155w of the second pump chamber 155. Will be open.

  The fixed amount cylinder 158 has a drive shaft coupled to the drive cylinder 159 and a partition wall coupled to the drive shaft. The metering cylinder 158 alternately causes the hydraulic oil to flow into and out of the first hydraulic oil chamber 154p of the first pump chamber 154 and the second hydraulic oil chamber 155p of the second pump chamber 155 according to the movement of the drive shaft.

  The drive cylinder 159 has a drive shaft coupled to the metering cylinder 158 and a partition wall coupled to the drive shaft. The drive cylinder 159 moves the drive shaft in the left-right direction according to the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil device 153 via the pressure oil pipes 301 and 302.

  In the stopped state, the high pressure pump 151 opens all of the first suction valve 157a, the first discharge valve 157b, the second suction valve 157c, and the second discharge valve 157d, and pressurizes the slurry transferred from the low pressure pump 143. Without being transferred to the high pressure filter press type dehydrator 1.

  When operating, the high-pressure pump 151 pressurizes and transfers the slurry with hydraulic oil inside the first pump chamber 154 and the second pump chamber 155. Since the pressure is applied inside the first pump chamber 154 and the second pump chamber 155, the slurry can be transferred at a high discharge pressure by operating the high-pressure pump 151. However, since the discharge amount of the high-pressure pump 151 depends on the capacities of the first suction chamber 154w and the second suction chamber 155w, it is smaller than the discharge amount of the low-pressure pump 143. When the high-pressure pump 151 is in operation, the slurry that is discharged from the low-pressure pump 143 but is not sucked into the high-pressure pump 151 returns to the slurry tank 142 via a return valve (not shown).

  The high-pressure filter press-type dehydrating apparatus 1 includes a plurality of filter frames 10, a filter frame driving unit 102, and a pressure gauge 103. Each of the plurality of filter frames 10 forms a plurality of filter chambers between adjacent filter frames 10. The filter frame driving unit 102 is controlled to move the plurality of filter frames 10 in the axial direction orthogonal to the filter frame 10 by the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil device 153 via the pressure oil pipes 303 and 304. When pressure oil is press-fitted into the filter frame driving unit 102, the plurality of filter frames 10 are arranged in close contact with each other, and a plurality of filter chambers are formed between adjacent filter frames 10. When the pressure oil is discharged from the filter frame driving unit 102, the plurality of filter frames 10 are arranged at predetermined intervals. The pressure gauge 103 is a diaphragm pressure gauge, detects the pressure inside the filter chamber, and determines whether or not the dehydration process is completed based on the detected filter chamber pressure.

  The drainage tank 152 is a water tank that stores filtrate generated by the dehydration process in the filtration chamber of the high-pressure filter press-type dehydrator 1, and the filtrate stored by a pump (not shown) is supplied to the purification device 161 of the water treatment unit 160. Transport.

  The pressure oil device 153 includes a pressure oil tank that stores hydraulic oil, a pressure oil pump that applies a predetermined pressure to the hydraulic oil inside the pressure oil tank and discharges it as pressure oil, and a pressure oil discharged from the pressure oil pump. And a direction switching valve for selecting the direction of delivery. The pressure oil device 153 drives the high pressure pump 151 and the high pressure filter press dehydrator 1 by supplying pressurized hydraulic oil to the high pressure pump 151 and the high pressure filter press dehydrator 1, respectively.

  The water treatment unit 160 includes a purification device 161, a discharge water tank 162, a purification agent injection device 163, and a neutralization device 164. The purification device 161 purifies the filtrate by mixing the filtrate transferred from the drainage tank 152, the PAC injected from the PAC tank, and the purification agent injected from the purification agent injection apparatus. The discharge water tank 162 discharges the filtrate purified by the purification device after adjusting the pH with a neutralizing agent injected from the neutralization device.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the filter frame 10 in which a pair of filter cloths 11a and 11b are arranged on the filtration surface. 5A is a front view seen from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 4, FIG. 5B is a rear view seen from the direction of arrow B in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6A is the direction of arrow C in FIG. It is the side view seen. FIG. 6B is a plan view seen from the direction of arrow D in FIG. FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the filter frame 10.

  The filter frame 10 includes a first groove forming member 12, a second groove forming member 13, a filter frame plate 14, a pair of frame members 15a and 15b, a pair of draining members 16a and 16b, and a support member 19. And have. A first filter cloth 11 a is disposed on one filtration surface of the filter frame 10, and a second filter cloth 11 b is disposed on the other filtration surface of the filter frame 10.

  Each of the first filter cloth 11a and the second filter cloth 11b has a square shape woven with nylon. The first filter cloth 11a and the second filter cloth 11b are joined to each other by a fastener 11e on one side. In the first filter cloth 11a and the second filter cloth 11b, the reinforcing cloths 11c are respectively arranged at portions where the plurality of reinforcing members 18 hit. The first filter cloth 11a and the second filter cloth 11b are fixed to both flat plate portions 14a of the filter frame 10 by a fixing member 11d.

  The first groove forming member 12 includes a plurality of first linear portions 12a, a plurality of second linear portions 12b, and a first frame portion 12c, and includes a first filter cloth 11a and a filter frame plate 14. It arrange | positions between the draining member 16a arrange | positioned at the filtration surface of this.

  Each of the plurality of first linear portions 12a is a triangular prism-shaped member made of aluminum, and is arranged in parallel to each other in the vertical direction. The plurality of first linear portions 12a arranged in parallel are arranged for each first distance in the longitudinal direction. Each of the plurality of second linear portions 12b is a triangular prism-shaped member made of aluminum, and is arranged in parallel to each other in the horizontal direction, that is, the direction orthogonal to the first linear portion 12a. The plurality of second linear portions 12b arranged in parallel are arranged for each second distance in the longitudinal direction. The plurality of first linear portions 12a and the plurality of second linear portions 12b are not disposed in the region where the reinforcing cloth 11c is disposed. Since the region where the reinforcing cloth 11c is disposed is a region where the reinforcing member 18 may come into contact, the first linear portion 12a and the plurality of second linear portions 12b and the reinforcing member 18 are in contact with each other. This is to prevent the first linear portion 12a and the plurality of second linear portions 12b from being deformed.

  The first frame portion 12c is a frame-shaped member made of aluminum. The first linear portion 12a and the plurality of second linear portions 12b are connected by welding. Moreover, the 1st linear part 12a, the some 2nd linear part 12b, and the 1st frame part 12c are weld-connected, respectively.

  The second groove forming member 13 includes a plurality of third linear portions 13a, a plurality of fourth linear portions 13b, and a second frame portion 13c, and includes a second filter cloth 11b and a filter frame plate 14. It arrange | positions between the draining member 16b arrange | positioned at the filtration surface of this.

  Each of the plurality of third linear portions 13a is a triangular prism-shaped member made of aluminum, and is arranged in parallel to each other in the vertical direction. The plurality of third linear portions 13a arranged in parallel are arranged in the longitudinal direction for each first distance equal to the arrangement interval of the first linear portions 12a. Each of the plurality of fourth linear portions 13b is a triangular prism-shaped member made of aluminum, and is arranged in parallel to each other in the horizontal direction, that is, the direction orthogonal to the third linear portion 13a. The plurality of fourth linear portions 13b arranged in parallel are arranged in the longitudinal direction at every second distance equal to the arrangement interval of the second linear portions 12b. The plurality of first linear portions 12a and the plurality of second linear portions 12b are not disposed in the region where the reinforcing cloth 11c is disposed. Since the region where the reinforcing cloth 11c is disposed is a region where the reinforcing member 18 may come into contact, the first linear portion 12a and the plurality of second linear portions 12b reinforcing member 18 are in contact with each other, This is to prevent the first linear portion 12a and the plurality of second linear portions 12b from being deformed.

  The second frame portion 13c is a frame-shaped member made of aluminum. The first linear portion 12a and the plurality of second linear portions 12b are connected by welding. Moreover, the 1st linear part 12a and the some 2nd linear part 12b, and the 2nd frame part 13c are weld-connected, respectively.

  The first groove forming member 12 and the second groove forming member 13 have the same horizontal position of the first linear portion 12a and the third linear portion 13a, and the second linear portion 12b and the third linear shape, respectively. It arrange | positions so that the position of the horizontal direction of the part 13b may become equal. That is, the first linear portion 12a and the third linear portion 13a are arranged so as to be located at the vertexes of the rectangle when viewed from the vertical direction, and the second linear portion 12b and the fourth linear portion 13b are rectangular when viewed from the horizontal direction. It is arranged to be located at the apex of

  The filter frame plate 14 is made of iron, and has a pair of rectangular flat plate portions 14a and a pair of grip portions 17a and 17b disposed at substantially central portions of both side surfaces. The flat plate portion 14a of the filter frame plate 14 has a size of height 1820 mm × width 1700 mm, and both surfaces of the flat plate portion 14a serve as filtration surfaces. A through hole 14b through which slurry passes is formed at the center of the flat plate portion 14a of the filter frame plate 14. Further, a plurality of reinforcing members 18 are disposed on the flat plate portion 14 a of the filter frame plate 14. Each of the plurality of reinforcing members 18 is made of iron, and prevents the filter frame plate 14 from being bent when pressure is applied in the filter chamber. The pair of grip portions 17a and 17b are respectively supported at the lower end portions by the support portion of the high-pressure filter press dehydrator 1.

  Each of the pair of frame members 15a and 15b is a rectangular window frame-shaped member made of iron and having a height of 11.5 mm. The pair of frame members 15a and 15b are arranged along the end portions of the flat plate portion 14a of the filter frame plate 14, respectively. A plurality of drainage grooves 15c through which drainage is discharged are formed on the lower sides of the pair of frame members 15a and 15b, respectively. The total height of the height of the frame member 15a and the height of the frame member 15b corresponds to the width of the filter chamber formed by arranging the filter frames 10 close to each other. That is, if the thickness of the filter cloth disposed on the flat plate portion 14a of the filter frame plate 14 is ignored, the width of the filter chamber is 23 mm.

  Each of the pair of draining members 16a and 16b is a flat plate member made of a synthetic resin such as a polypropylene resin and having a rectangular shape with holes 16c and 16d through which slurry passes in the center. The pair of draining members 16a and 16b are arranged in the frames of the frame members 15a and 15b so as to be in contact with the filtration surface of the flat plate portion 14a of the filter frame plate 14, respectively. Each of the pair of draining members 16a and 16b has a mesh structure, and moves the drained water discharged from the filter chamber through the filter cloth downward. The outer surface of each of the pair of draining members 16a and 16b becomes a filtering surface of the filter frame 10 for filtering the slurry.

  The support member 19 is made of iron and has a cylindrical shape. The support member 19 supports the filter frame 10 together with the pair of handle portions 17a and 17b. The support member 19 is coupled to the filter frame plate 14 by a coupling member (not shown).

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a dehydration process of the high-pressure filter press dehydrator 1. FIG. 8A shows a preparation process, FIG. 8B shows a filtration process, FIG. 8C shows a residual liquid treatment process, and FIG. 8D shows a frame opening process.

  First, in the preparatory process shown in FIG. 8A, the high pressure filter press-type dewatering device 1 is configured such that pressure oil is press-fitted into the filter frame drive unit 102, and a plurality of filter frames 10 are arranged close to each other. A chamber is formed. A first filter cloth 11a and a second filter cloth 11b are disposed on the filter surfaces of the plurality of filter frames 10, respectively. In addition, the first groove forming member 12 and the second groove forming member 13 are respectively arranged in a grid between the filter surface of the filter frame 10 and the first filter cloth 11a and the second filter cloth 11b. The Since the 1st filter cloth 11a and the 2nd filter cloth 11b are each arrange | positioned at the filtration surface of the some filter frame 10, the filter chamber formed when the filter frame 10 adjoins is arrange | positioned in an end surface. The filter cloth is sandwiched.

  Next, in the filtration step shown in FIG. 8B, in the high pressure filter press-type dehydrator 1, the slurry 401 is press-fitted into the filter chamber from the low pressure pump 143 and the high pressure pump 151. The water in the slurry press-fitted into the filter chamber is discharged as filtered water 402 to the outside of the filter frame 10 from the filter channel formed inside the filter frame 10 through the first filter cloth 11a and the second filter cloth 11b. The The first filter cloth 11a and the second filter cloth 11b are in close contact with the first groove forming member 12 and the second groove forming member 13, respectively, when the slurry is press-fitted.

  A dewatered cake 403 is gradually formed from the dewatered slurry inside the filter frame. The filtrate 402 discharged to the outside of the filter frame 10 is stored in the filtrate tank 152. The filtrate 402 stored in the filtrate tank 152 is transferred to the purification device 161 of the water treatment unit 160 by a pump (not shown). The filtration process is continued until the pressure inside the filtration chamber of the high-pressure filter press dehydrator 1 reaches 4 [MPa]. In the dehydration processing system 100, the slurry is pressed into the filter chamber of the high-pressure filter press-type dehydrator 1 by the high-pressure pump 151 having a high discharge pressure. The pressure can be increased to [MPa]. By producing the dewatered cake 403 at a high pressure, the volume of dredged soil can be greatly reduced.

  In addition, lattice-shaped grooves corresponding to the shapes of the first groove forming member 12 and the second groove forming member 13 are formed on both surfaces of the dewatering cake 403, respectively. On one surface of the dewatering cake 403, lattice-like grooves corresponding to the shape of the first groove forming member 12 are formed. On the other surface of the dewatering cake 403, lattice-like grooves corresponding to the shape of the second groove forming member 13 are formed. The lattice-shaped grooves formed on one surface of the dehydrated cake 403 and the lattice-shaped grooves formed on the other surface of the dehydrated cake 403 have the same shape.

  Next, in the residual liquid treatment step shown in FIG. 8C, the high-pressure filter press-type dewatering apparatus 1 is configured such that after the low-pressure pump 143 and the high-pressure pump 151 are stopped, the residual liquid of the pressed slurry 401 is blown from the filter frame to the air blow 404. Discharged by. When the residual liquid of the slurry 401 is discharged from the filter chamber, the dehydrated cake 403, which is a solid substance, remains inside the filter frame while being sandwiched between the inner side surfaces of the filter chamber.

  In the frame opening process shown in FIG. 8 (d), the high pressure filter press-type dehydrator 1 discharges the pressure oil from the filter frame drive unit 102, and the plurality of filter frames 10 are arranged at predetermined intervals. The When the plurality of filter frames 10 are arranged at predetermined intervals, the dehydrated cake 403 sandwiched between the pair of filter frames 10 falls downward. When falling, the dehydrated cake 403 is cut on the grooves corresponding to the first groove forming member 12 and the second groove forming member 13 because the grooves having the same shape are arranged on both sides. , Crushed into small pieces having a regular shape.

  FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of a filter frame 20 which is another example of the filter frame.

  In the filter frame 20, the first groove forming member 12 and the second groove forming member 13 are not between the draining members 16a and 16b and the first filter cloth 11a and the second filter cloth 11b. It differs from the filter frame 10 shown in FIGS. 4-8 that it is arrange | positioned between the draining member 16a and 16b.

  When the slurry 401 is pressed into the filter chamber in the filtration step, the draining members 16a and 16b are respectively the first groove forming member 12 and the second groove forming member together with the first filter cloth 11a and the second filter cloth 11b. 13 is closely attached. Therefore, lattice-like grooves corresponding to the shapes of the first groove forming member 12 and the second groove forming member 13 are formed on both surfaces of the dewatering cake 403, respectively.

  FIG. 10A is a front view of a filter frame 30 that is still another example of the filter frame, and FIG. 10B is a rear view of the filter frame 30.

  The filter frame 30 is different from the filter frame 10 shown in FIGS. 4 to 8 in that the shape of the first groove forming member 12 and the shape of the first groove forming member 12 are different. In the filter frame 10, the first linear portion 12a and the third linear portion 13a are arranged so as to be positioned at the vertices of the rectangle when viewed from the vertical direction, and the second linear portion 12b and the fourth linear portion 13b are in the horizontal direction. It is arranged so that it is located at the vertex of the rectangle when viewed from the side. On the other hand, in the filter frame 30, the first linear portions 12a and the third linear portions 13a are alternately arranged as viewed from the vertical direction, that is, staggered, and the second linear portions 12b and the fourth linear portions 13b are horizontal. Arranged so as to be staggered when viewed from the direction.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a dehydration process when the filter frame 30 is used. 11A shows a preparation process, FIG. 11B shows a filtration process, FIG. 11C shows a residual liquid treatment process, and FIG. 11D shows a frame opening process.

  11A, the first linear portion 12a of the first groove forming member 12 and the third linear portion 13a of the second groove forming member 13 are vertical on the filtration surfaces facing the filter chamber in the preparation step shown in FIG. They are arranged in a staggered pattern when viewed from the direction. The second linear portion 12b of the first groove forming member 12 and the fourth linear portion 13b of the second groove forming member 13 are arranged in a staggered manner when viewed from the horizontal direction.

  The dewatered cake 403 formed in the filtration step and the residual liquid treatment step falls downward in the frame opening step. When falling, the dewatered cake 403 is cracked by grooves corresponding to the third and fourth linear portions 13a and 13b of the first groove forming member 12 and the second groove forming member 13, respectively arranged in a staggered manner. A moment like this works. When the dewatered cake 403 falls to the ground surface, it is crushed into small pieces having a regular shape along the grooves corresponding to the first groove forming member 12 and the second groove forming member 13.

  FIG. 12A is a side view of the dehydrated cake 403 formed using the filter frame 30, and FIG. 12B is a plan view of the dehydrated cake 403. In FIG. 12A, a white arrow indicates a direction in which a filter frame (not shown) that has sandwiched the dehydrated cake 403 moves. In FIG. 12A, an arrow indicates a moment generated in the dewatered cake 403 when a filter frame (not shown) moves.

  Concave portions 431 and 433 are formed on one surface of the dewatered cake 403 by the plurality of first linear portions 12 a and the plurality of second linear portions 12 b of the first groove forming member 12. Further, on the other surface of the dewatering cake 403, concave portions 432 and 434 are formed by the third linear portions 13a and the plurality of fourth linear portions 13b of the plurality of second groove forming members 13, respectively.

  When the dewatered cake 403 is peeled from the filter frame 10, the portions of the dehydrated cake 403 that are in contact with the first to fourth linear portions 12a, 12b, 13a, and 13b are the first filter cloth 11a and the second filter. It is harder to peel off than the part in contact with the cloth 11b. For this reason, the part which contact | connects the 1st-4th linear parts 12a, 12b, 13a, and 13b of the dewatering cake 403 is flat which is not in contact with the 1st-4th linear parts 12a, 12b, 13a, and 13b. Peel off later than the part. When the portions of the dehydrated cake 403 that are in contact with the first to fourth linear portions 12a, 12b, 13a, and 13b peel off later than the flat portion, a moment is generated in the dehydrated cake 403 in the direction indicated by the arrow. To do. The moment indicated by the arrow acts as a force for dividing the dehydrated cake from the recesses 431 to 434 in the width direction of the dehydrated cake 403. Since the first to fourth linear portions 12a, 12b, 13a and 13b are arranged in a staggered manner, the moments generated in the directions indicated by the arrows act as forces to split the dewatered cake 403 without canceling each other.

  FIG. 13A is a front view of a filter frame 40 which is still another example of the filter frame, and FIG. 13B is a rear view of the filter frame 40.

  In the filter frame 40, the first groove forming member 12 is arranged such that the first linear portion 12a and the third linear portion 13a are inclined not in the vertical direction, and the second groove forming member 13 is The 2 linear part 12b and the 4th linear part 13b are arrange | positioned not in the horizontal direction but incline.

  The first linear portion 12a of the first groove forming member 12 and the third linear portion 13a of the second groove forming member 13 are arranged to be parallel to each other at the same interval. Further, the second linear portion 12b of the first groove forming member 12 and the fourth linear portion 13b of the second groove forming member 13 are arranged to be parallel to each other at the same interval.

  The dehydration processing system, the high-pressure filter press-type dehydrator, the filter frame, and the filter cloth have been described above with reference to FIGS. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the high-pressure dehydration processing unit 150 including the high-pressure pump 151 and the high-pressure filter press-type dewatering device 1, the present invention is used for a filter press-type dewatering device that does not have a high-pressure pump. You can also.

  Moreover, the shape of the 1st linear part 12a and the 2nd linear part 12b of the 1st groove | channel formation member 12, and the 3rd linear part 13a and the 4th linear part 13b of the 2nd groove formation member 13 is respectively Although it has a triangular prism shape, other shapes such as a cylindrical shape, a columnar shape, and a quadrangular prism shape may be used.

  Further, the first linear portion 12a and the second linear portion 12b of the first groove forming member 12 and the third linear portion 13a and the fourth linear portion 13b of the second groove forming member 13 are formed of aluminum. However, it may be formed of other metal materials. Further, the first linear portion 12a and the second linear portion 12b of the first groove forming member 12, and the third linear portion 13a and the fourth linear portion 13b of the second groove forming member 13 are made of synthetic resin. It may be formed of other materials such as an elastic material.

  In addition, the first linear portion 12a and the second linear portion 12b of the first groove forming member 12, and the third linear portion 13a and the fourth linear portion of the second groove forming member 13 are the reinforcing cloth 11c. It may be arranged in a region where the reinforcing cloth 11c that does not contact the reinforcing member 18 is arranged.

  Moreover, although the 1st groove | channel formation member 12 1st linear part 12a and the 2nd linear part 12b are orthogonal, it does not need to be orthogonal. Moreover, although the 3rd linear part 13a and the 4th linear part 13b of the 2nd groove | channel formation member 13 are orthogonal, it does not need to be orthogonal. However, the first linear portion 12a and the third linear portion 13a are arranged in parallel, and the second linear portion 12b and the fourth linear portion 13b are arranged in parallel. Further, the interval between the first linear portions 12a is arranged at the same interval as the interval between the third linear portions 13a, and the interval between the second linear portions 12b is the fourth linear portion 13b. It is arranged at the same interval as the interval between.

  Further, the first groove forming member 12 supports the first linear portion 12a and the second linear portion 12b by the first frame portion 12c, but the first linear portion 12a and the second linear portion 12b. May be joined to one surface of the filter frame plate 14. The second groove forming member 13 supports the third linear portion 13a and the fourth linear portion 13b with the second frame portion 13c, but the third linear portion 13a and the fourth linear portion 13b. May be joined to the other surface of the filter frame plate 14.

  The first filter cloth 11a and the second filter cloth 11b are joined to each other by a fastener 11e and fixed to a single filter frame 10 by a fixing member 11d. However, a pair of filter cloth sets is formed by the first filter cloth 11a arranged on the filtration surface of the first filter frame and the second filter cloth 11b arranged on the opposite filtration surface of the second filter frame. It may be formed. In this case, the first filter cloth 11a and the second filter cloth 11b may be connected via the through hole 14b.

  Further, in the filter frames 10 to 40, the first groove forming member 12 is disposed on one filtration surface of the filter frame plate 14, and the second groove forming member 13 is disposed on the other filtration surface of the same filter frame plate 14. Be placed. However, the filter frames having the filter frame plate 14 in which the first groove forming member 12 and the second groove forming member 13 are respectively arranged on both filtration surfaces may be alternately arranged.

  Further, in the dehydration processing system 100, in the reaction tank 141, the muddy water is stirred together with PAC and slaked lime to produce a slurry. Good. By adding a curing agent to the slurry, the hardness of the dewatered cake produced by the dewatering system 100 can be increased.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 High pressure filter press type dehydrator 10, 20, 30, 40 Filter frame 11a 1st filter cloth 11b 2nd filter cloth 12 1st groove | channel formation member 12a 1st linear part 12b 2nd linear part 13 2nd Groove forming member 13a Third linear portion 13b Fourth linear portion 100 Dehydration processing system

Claims (4)

A first filter frame plate and a second filter frame plate in which a filtration surface for filtering the slurry is disposed oppositely and a plurality of reinforcing members are disposed on the filtration surface ;
A first filter cloth disposed on a filtration surface of the first filter frame plate and having a reinforcing cloth disposed on a portion against which the plurality of reinforcing members hit ;
A second filter cloth that is disposed on the filtration surface of the second filter frame plate and in which a reinforcing cloth is disposed on a portion that the plurality of reinforcing members contact ;
First linear portions arranged in parallel to each other in the first direction for each first distance, and arranged in parallel to each other in a second direction different from the first direction for each second distance A first groove forming member disposed between the first filter frame plate and the first filter cloth,
Third linear portions arranged in parallel with each other in the first direction for each first distance, and first arranged in parallel with each other in the second direction for each second distance. And a second groove forming member disposed between the second filter frame plate and the second filter cloth ,
The filter press type characterized in that none of the first linear portion, the second linear portion, the third linear portion, and the fourth linear portion is disposed in the region where the reinforcing cloth is disposed. Dehydration device. The first linear portion and the third linear portion are disposed opposite to each other in a filter chamber formed between the adjacent first filter frame plate and the second filter frame plate , The filter press-type dewatering device according to claim 1, wherein the second linear portion and the fourth linear portion are disposed to face each other in the filter chamber . The first linear portion and the third linear portion are arranged in a staggered manner in a filter chamber formed between the adjacent first filter frame plate and the second filter frame plate, and 2. The filter press-type dewatering device according to claim 1, wherein the two linear portions and the fourth linear portion are arranged in a staggered manner in the filter chamber .   The first groove forming member is joined to the filtration surface of the first filter frame plate, and the second groove forming member is joined to the filtration surface of the second filter frame plate. The filter press type | formula dehydration apparatus as described in any one of -3.

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